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Valence framing induces cognitive bias
Please always quote using this URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324824
- Valence framing effects refer to inconsistent choice preferences in response to positive versus negative formulation of mathematically equivalent outcomes. Here, we manipulate valence framing in a two-alternative forced choice dictator game using gains and losses as frames to investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying valence framing. We applied a Drift-Diffusion Model (DDM) to examine whether gain (i.e., “take” money) and loss (i.e., “give” money) frames evoke a cognitive bias as previous research did not consistently reveal framingValence framing effects refer to inconsistent choice preferences in response to positive versus negative formulation of mathematically equivalent outcomes. Here, we manipulate valence framing in a two-alternative forced choice dictator game using gains and losses as frames to investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying valence framing. We applied a Drift-Diffusion Model (DDM) to examine whether gain (i.e., “take” money) and loss (i.e., “give” money) frames evoke a cognitive bias as previous research did not consistently reveal framing effects using reaction times and response frequency as dependent variables. DDMs allow decomposing the decision process into separate cognitive mechanisms, whereby a cognitive bias was repeatedly associated with a shift in the starting point of the model. Conducting both a laboratory (N = 62) and an online study (N = 109), female participants allocated money between themselves and another person in a prosocial or selfish way. In each study, one group was instructed to give money (give frame), the other to take money (take frame). Consistent with previous studies, no differences were found in response times and response frequencies. However, in both studies, substantial bias towards the selfish option was found in the take frame groups, captured by the starting point of the DDM. Thus, our results suggest that valence framing induces a cognitive bias in decision processing in women, even when no behavioral differences are present.…
Author: | Vassil IotzovORCiD, Martin WeißORCiD, Sabine Windmann, Grit HeinORCiD |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324824 |
Document Type: | Journal article |
Faculties: | Medizinische Fakultät / Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie |
Language: | English |
Parent Title (English): | Current Psychology |
ISSN: | 1046-1310 |
Year of Completion: | 2023 |
Volume: | 42 |
Issue: | 34 |
Pagenumber: | 30381-30392 |
Source: | Current Psychology (2023) 42:34, 30381-30392. DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03797-2 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03797-2 |
Dewey Decimal Classification: | 6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit |
Tag: | cognitive bias; decision making; drift-diffusion modeling; laboratory and online studies; valence framing |
Release Date: | 2024/03/08 |
Licence (German): | CC BY: Creative-Commons-Lizenz: Namensnennung 4.0 International |