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Multiple host use and the dynamics of host-switching in host-parasite systems

Please always quote using this URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-204747
  • The link between multi‐host use and host switching in host–parasite interactions is a continuing area of debate. Lycaenid butterflies in the genus Maculinea, for example, exploit societies of different Myrmica ant species across their ranges, but there is only rare evidence that they simultaneously utilise multiple hosts at a local site, even where alternative hosts are present. We present a simple population‐genetic model accounting for the proportion of two alternative hosts and the fitness of parasite genotypes on each host. In agreementThe link between multi‐host use and host switching in host–parasite interactions is a continuing area of debate. Lycaenid butterflies in the genus Maculinea, for example, exploit societies of different Myrmica ant species across their ranges, but there is only rare evidence that they simultaneously utilise multiple hosts at a local site, even where alternative hosts are present. We present a simple population‐genetic model accounting for the proportion of two alternative hosts and the fitness of parasite genotypes on each host. In agreement with standard models, we conclude that simultaneous host use is possible whenever fitness of heterozygotes on alternative hosts is not too low. We specifically focus on host‐shifting dynamics when the frequency of hosts changes. We find that (i) host shifting may proceed so rapidly that multiple host use is unlikely to be observed, (ii) back and forth transition in host use can exhibit a hysteresis loop, (iii) the parasites' host use may not be proportional to local host frequencies and be restricted to the rarer host under some conditions, and (iv) that a substantial decline in parasite abundance may typically precede a shift in host use. We conclude that focusing not just on possible equilibrium conditions but also considering the dynamics of host shifting in non‐equilibrium situations may provide added insights into host–parasite systems.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Author: Thomas Hovestadt, Jeremy A. Thomas, Oliver Mitesser, Karsten Schönrogge
URN:urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-204747
Document Type:Journal article
Faculties:Fakultät für Biologie / Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Language:English
Parent Title (English):Insect Conservation and Diversity
Year of Completion:2019
Volume:12
Issue:6
Pagenumber:511-522
Source:Insect Conservation and Diversity (2019) 12:6, 511-522. https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12374
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12374
Dewey Decimal Classification:5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 57 Biowissenschaften; Biologie / 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
Tag:Host-parasite interaction; Maculinea butterfly; Myrmica ant non-equilibrium dynamics; population genetics
Release Date:2020/06/30
Licence (German):License LogoCC BY: Creative-Commons-Lizenz: Namensnennung 4.0 International