The Intracellular Loop of the Glycine Receptor: It's not all about the Size
Zitieren Sie bitte immer diese URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-165394
- The family of Cys-loop receptors (CLRs) shares a high degree of homology and sequence identity. The overall structural elements are highly conserved with a large extracellular domain (ECD) harboring an α-helix and 10 β-sheets. Following the ECD, four transmembrane domains (TMD) are connected by intracellular and extracellular loop structures. Except the TM3–4 loop, their length comprises 7–14 residues. The TM3–4 loop forms the largest part of the intracellular domain (ICD) and exhibits the most variable region between all CLRs. The ICD isThe family of Cys-loop receptors (CLRs) shares a high degree of homology and sequence identity. The overall structural elements are highly conserved with a large extracellular domain (ECD) harboring an α-helix and 10 β-sheets. Following the ECD, four transmembrane domains (TMD) are connected by intracellular and extracellular loop structures. Except the TM3–4 loop, their length comprises 7–14 residues. The TM3–4 loop forms the largest part of the intracellular domain (ICD) and exhibits the most variable region between all CLRs. The ICD is defined by the TM3–4 loop together with the TM1–2 loop preceding the ion channel pore. During the last decade, crystallization approaches were successful for some members of the CLR family. To allow crystallization, the intracellular loop was in most structures replaced by a short linker present in prokaryotic CLRs. Therefore, no structural information about the large TM3–4 loop of CLRs including the glycine receptors (GlyRs) is available except for some basic stretches close to TM3 and TM4. The intracellular loop has been intensively studied with regard to functional aspects including desensitization, modulation of channel physiology by pharmacological substances, posttranslational modifications, and motifs important for trafficking. Furthermore, the ICD interacts with scaffold proteins enabling inhibitory synapse formation. This review focuses on attempts to define structural and functional elements within the ICD of GlyRs discussed with the background of protein-protein interactions and functional channel formation in the absence of the TM3–4 loop.…
Autor(en): | Georg Langlhofer, Carmen Villmann |
---|---|
URN: | urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-165394 |
Dokumentart: | Artikel / Aufsatz in einer Zeitschrift |
Institute der Universität: | Medizinische Fakultät / Institut für Klinische Neurobiologie |
Sprache der Veröffentlichung: | Englisch |
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes / der Zeitschrift (Englisch): | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
Erscheinungsjahr: | 2016 |
Heft / Ausgabe: | 9 |
Seitenangabe: | 41 |
Originalveröffentlichung / Quelle: | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 2016 9:41. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00041 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2016.00041 |
Allgemeine fachliche Zuordnung (DDC-Klassifikation): | 6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit |
Freie Schlagwort(e): | GlyR receptors; interaction partners; intracellular domain; posttranslational modifications; synaptic inhibition |
Datum der Freischaltung: | 21.10.2018 |
Lizenz (Deutsch): | CC BY: Creative-Commons-Lizenz: Namensnennung 4.0 International |