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COVID‐19 and immunological regulations – from basic and translational aspects to clinical implications

Please always quote using this URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-218205
  • The COVID‐19 pandemic caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 has far‐reaching direct and indirect medical consequences. These include both the course and treatment of diseases. It is becoming increasingly clear that infections with SARS‐CoV‐2 can cause considerable immunological alterations, which particularly also affect pathogenetically and/or therapeutically relevant factors. Against this background we summarize here the current state of knowledge on the interaction of SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19 with mediators of the acute phase of inflammation (TNF, IL‐1, IL‐6),The COVID‐19 pandemic caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 has far‐reaching direct and indirect medical consequences. These include both the course and treatment of diseases. It is becoming increasingly clear that infections with SARS‐CoV‐2 can cause considerable immunological alterations, which particularly also affect pathogenetically and/or therapeutically relevant factors. Against this background we summarize here the current state of knowledge on the interaction of SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19 with mediators of the acute phase of inflammation (TNF, IL‐1, IL‐6), type 1 and type 17 immune responses (IL‐12, IL‐23, IL‐17, IL‐36), type 2 immune reactions (IL‐4, IL‐13, IL‐5, IL‐31, IgE), B‐cell immunity, checkpoint regulators (PD‐1, PD‐L1, CTLA4), and orally druggable signaling pathways (JAK, PDE4, calcineurin). In addition, we discuss in this context non‐specific immune modulation by glucocorticosteroids, methotrexate, antimalarial drugs, azathioprine, dapsone, mycophenolate mofetil and fumaric acid esters, as well as neutrophil granulocyte‐mediated innate immune mechanisms. From these recent findings we derive possible implications for the therapeutic modulation of said immunological mechanisms in connection with SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19. Although, of course, the greatest care should be taken with patients with immunologically mediated diseases or immunomodulating therapies, it appears that many treatments can also be carried out during the COVID‐19 pandemic; some even appear to alleviate COVID‐19.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Author: Michael P. Schön, Carola Berking, Tilo Biedermann, Timo Buhl, Luise Erpenbeck, Kilian Eyerich, Stefanie Eyerich, Kamran Ghoreschi, Matthias Goebeler, Ralf J. Ludwig, Knut Schäkel, Bastian Schilling, Christoph Schlapbach, Georg Stary, Esther von Stebut, Kerstin Steinbrink
URN:urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-218205
Document Type:Journal article
Faculties:Medizinische Fakultät / Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie
Language:English
Parent Title (English):JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft
Year of Completion:2020
Volume:18
Issue:8
First Page:795
Last Page:807
Source:JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft 2020, 18(8):795-807. DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14169
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/ddg.14169
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Tag:COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; immunology
Release Date:2021/08/20
Licence (German):License LogoCC BY-NC: Creative-Commons-Lizenz: Namensnennung, Nicht kommerziell 4.0 International