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Smaller, more diverse and on the way to the top: Rapid community shifts of montane wild bees within an extraordinary hot decade

Please always quote using this URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-312126
  • Aim Global warming is assumed to restructure mountain insect communities in space and time. Theory and observations along climate gradients predict that insect abundance and richness, especially of small‐bodied species, will increase with increasing temperature. However, the specific responses of single species to rising temperatures, such as spatial range shifts, also alter communities, calling for intensive monitoring of real‐world communities over time. Location German Alps and pre‐alpine forests in south‐eastAim Global warming is assumed to restructure mountain insect communities in space and time. Theory and observations along climate gradients predict that insect abundance and richness, especially of small‐bodied species, will increase with increasing temperature. However, the specific responses of single species to rising temperatures, such as spatial range shifts, also alter communities, calling for intensive monitoring of real‐world communities over time. Location German Alps and pre‐alpine forests in south‐east Germany. Methods We empirically examined the temporal and spatial change in wild bee communities and its drivers along two largely well‐protected elevational gradients (alpine grassland vs. pre‐alpine forest), each sampled twice within the last decade. Results We detected clear abundance‐based upward shifts in bee communities, particularly in cold‐adapted bumble bee species, demonstrating the speed with which mobile organisms can respond to climatic changes. Mean annual temperature was identified as the main driver of species richness in both regions. Accordingly, and in large overlap with expectations under climate warming, we detected an increase in bee richness and abundance, and an increase in small‐bodied species in low‐ and mid‐elevations along the grassland gradient. Community responses in the pre‐alpine forest gradient were only partly consistent with community responses in alpine grasslands. Main Conclusion In well‐protected temperate mountain regions, small‐bodied bees may initially profit from warming temperatures, by getting more abundant and diverse. Less severe warming, and differences in habitat openness along the forested gradient, however, might moderate species responses. Our study further highlights the utility of standardized abundance data for revealing rapid changes in bee communities over only one decade.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Author: Fabienne Maihoff, Nicolas Friess, Bernhard Hoiss, Christian Schmid‐Egger, Janika Kerner, Johann Neumayer, Sebastian Hopfenmüller, Claus Bässler, Jörg Müller, Alice Classen
URN:urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-312126
Document Type:Journal article
Faculties:Fakultät für Biologie / Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Language:English
Parent Title (English):Diversity and Distributions
Year of Completion:2023
Volume:29
Issue:2
Pagenumber:272-288
Source:Diversity and Distributions (2022) 29:2, 272-288. doi:10.1111/ddi.13658
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13658
Dewey Decimal Classification:5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 57 Biowissenschaften; Biologie / 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
Tag:Alps; altitudinal gradient; body size; climate change; global warming; hymenoptera; pollinator; range shifts
Release Date:2023/04/24
Date of first Publication:2023/01/20
Open-Access-Publikationsfonds / Förderzeitraum 2022
Licence (German):License LogoCC BY: Creative-Commons-Lizenz: Namensnennung 4.0 International