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Plant-associated fungi can affect the plants‘ interaction with herbivores and
other microorganisms. For example, many common forage grasses are infected
with Epichloë endophytes. The endophytes systemically colonize the aerial
parts of the plants. They produce bioprotective alkaloids that can negatively
affect insects and livestock feeding on the grasses, and interact with other
fungal species which living from the plants‘ nutrients. Environmental conditions
strongly influence Epichloë endophytes. Endophyte-mediated effects
on herbivores are more pronounced under increased temperatures and the
endophytes may benefit from land use in managed grasslands. Under the
framework of the large-scale German project “Biodiversity Exploratories”, I
investigated whether infection rates and alkaloid concentrations of Epichloë
festucae var. lolii in Lolium perenne (Chapter I) and Epichloë endophytes (E.
uncinata, E. siegelii) in Festuca pratensis (Chapter II) depend on land use and
season. Further I analysed, whether foliar fungal assemblages of L. perenne
are affected by the presence of Epichloë endophytes (Chapter IV).