@article{BuergerSchoenfeldScheineretal.2023, author = {B{\"u}rger, Arne and Schoenfeld, Cornelia von and Scheiner, Christin and Seidel, Alexandra and Wasserscheid, Antonia and Gad, Doreya and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Romanos, Marcel and Reiter, Andrea M. F.}, title = {Universal prevention for non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents is scarce - A systematic review}, series = {Frontiers in Psychiatry}, volume = {14}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1130610}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357490}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) during adolescence is a high-risk marker for the development and persistence of mental health problems and has been recognized as a significant public health problem. Whereas targeted prevention has indeed shown to be effective in reducing NSSI and improve mental health problems, access to such programs is limited. By face validity, universal prevention of NSSI seems an ideal starting point for a stepped-care model to circumvent a lack of resources in the medical care system. However, it is yet unclear how effective such approaches are. Here, we provide a summary of existing work on universal prevention of NSSI in adolescents younger than 21 years based on a systematic literature search. We found that only seven studies are available. None of the programs evaluated was found to be effective in reducing the incidence or frequency of NSSI. After providing a comprehensive summary of the existing work, we evaluate the fact that existing work primarily focusses on selected/targeted prevention and on psychoeducational methods. We derive implications for future directions in the field of universal prevention of NSSI.}, language = {en} } @article{GoepfertTraubSelletal.2023, author = {G{\"o}pfert, Dennis and Traub, Jan and Sell, Roxane and Homola, Gy{\"o}rgy A. and Vogt, Marius and Pham, Mirko and Frantz, Stefan and St{\"o}rk, Stefan and Stoll, Guido and Frey, Anna}, title = {Profiles of cognitive impairment in chronic heart failure—A cluster analytic approach}, series = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience}, volume = {17}, journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience}, doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2023.1126553}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-313429}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Background Cognitive impairment is a major comorbidity in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) with a wide range of phenotypes. In this study, we aimed to identify and compare different clusters of cognitive deficits. Methods The prospective cohort study "Cognition.Matters-HF" recruited 147 chronic HF patients (aged 64.5 ± 10.8 years; 16.2\% female) of any etiology. All patients underwent extensive neuropsychological testing. We performed a hierarchical cluster analysis of the cognitive domains, such as intensity of attention, visual/verbal memory, and executive function. Generated clusters were compared exploratively with respect to the results of cardiological, neurological, and neuroradiological examinations without correction for multiple testing. Results Dendrogram and the scree plot suggested three distinct cognitive profiles: In the first cluster, 42 patients (28.6\%) performed without any deficits in all domains. Exclusively, the intensity of attention deficits was seen in the second cluster, including 55 patients (37.4\%). A third cluster with 50 patients (34.0\%) was characterized by deficits in all cognitive domains. Age (p = 0.163) and typical clinical markers of chronic HF, such as ejection fraction (p = 0.222), 6-min walking test distance (p = 0.138), NT-proBNP (p = 0.364), and New York Heart Association class (p = 0.868) did not differ between clusters. However, we observed that women (p = 0.012) and patients with previous cardiac valve surgery (p = 0.005) prevailed in the "global deficits" cluster and the "no deficits" group had a lower prevalence of underlying arterial hypertension (p = 0.029). Total brain volume (p = 0.017) was smaller in the global deficit cluster, and serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein were increased (p = 0.048). Conclusion Apart from cognitively healthy and globally impaired HF patients, we identified a group with deficits only in the intensity of attention. Women and patients with previous cardiac valve surgery are at risk for global cognitive impairment when suffering HF and could benefit from special multimodal treatment addressing the psychosocial condition.}, language = {en} } @article{BellingerWehrmannRohdeetal.2023, author = {Bellinger, Daniel and Wehrmann, Kristin and Rohde, Anna and Schuppert, Maria and St{\"o}rk, Stefan and Flohr-Jost, Michael and Gall, Dominik and Pauli, Paul and Deckert, J{\"u}rgen and Herrmann, Martin J. and Erhardt-Lehmann, Angelika}, title = {The application of virtual reality exposure versus relaxation training in music performance anxiety: a randomized controlled study}, series = {BMC Psychiatry}, volume = {23}, journal = {BMC Psychiatry}, doi = {10.1186/s12888-023-05040-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357833}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Background Performance anxiety is the most frequently reported anxiety disorder among professional musicians. Typical symptoms are - on a physical level - the consequences of an increase in sympathetic tone with cardiac stress, such as acceleration of heartbeat, increase in blood pressure, increased respiratory rate and tremor up to nausea or flush reactions. These symptoms can cause emotional distress, a reduced musical and artistical performance up to an impaired functioning. While anxiety disorders are preferably treated using cognitive-behavioral therapy with exposure, this approach is rather difficult for treating music performance anxiety since the presence of a public or professional jury is required and not easily available. The use of virtual reality (VR) could therefore display an alternative. So far, no therapy studies on music performance anxiety applying virtual reality exposure therapy have investigated the therapy outcome including cardiovascular changes as outcome parameters. Methods This mono-center, prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial has a pre-post design with a follow-up period of 6 months. 46 professional and semi-professional musicians will be recruited and allocated randomly to an VR exposure group or a control group receiving progressive muscle relaxation training. Both groups will be treated over 4 single sessions. Music performance anxiety will be diagnosed based on a clinical interview using ICD-10 and DSM-5 criteria for specific phobia or social anxiety. A behavioral assessment test is conducted three times (pre, post, follow-up) in VR through an audition in a concert hall. Primary outcomes are the changes in music performance anxiety measured by the German B{\"u}hnenangstfragebogen and the cardiovascular reactivity reflected by heart rate variability (HRV). Secondary outcomes are changes in blood pressure, stress parameters such as cortisol in the blood and saliva, neuropeptides, and DNA-methylation. Discussion The trial investigates the effect of VR exposure in musicians with performance anxiety compared to a relaxation technique on anxiety symptoms and corresponding cardiovascular parameters. We expect a reduction of anxiety but also a consecutive improvement of HRV with cardiovascular protective effects. Trial registration This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov. (ClinicalTrials.gov Number: NCT05735860)}, language = {en} } @article{McNeillRadtkeNieberleretal.2023, author = {McNeill, Rhiannon V. and Radtke, Franziska and Nieberler, Matthias and Koreny, Carolin and Chiocchetti, Andreas G. and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah}, title = {Generation of four human induced pluripotent stem cells derived from ADHD patients carrying different genotypes for the risk SNP rs1397547 in the ADHD-associated gene ADGRL3}, series = {Stem Cell Research}, volume = {67}, journal = {Stem Cell Research}, doi = {10.1016/j.scr.2023.103016}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-350099}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ADGRL3 gene have been significantly associated with the development of ADHD, the aetiology of which remains poorly understood. The rs1397547 SNP has additionally been associated with significantly altered ADGRL3 transcription. We therefore generated iPSCs from two wild type ADHD patients, and two ADHD patients heterozygous for the risk SNP. With this resource we aim to facilitate further investigation into the complex and heterogenous pathology of ADHD. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of using magnetic activated cell sorting to allow the unbiased selection of fully reprogrammed iPSCs.}, language = {en} } @article{HampfScherfClavelWeissetal.2023, author = {Hampf, Chantal and Scherf-Clavel, Maike and Weiß, Carolin and Kl{\"u}pfel, Catherina and Stonawski, Saskia and Hommers, Leif and Lichter, Katharina and Erhardt-Lehmann, Angelika and Unterecker, Stefan and Domschke, Katharina and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Menke, Andreas and Deckert, J{\"u}rgen and Weber, Heike}, title = {Effects of anxious depression on antidepressant treatment response}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {24}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {24}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms242417128}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-355801}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Anxious depression represents a subtype of major depressive disorder and is associated with increased suicidality, severity, chronicity and lower treatment response. Only a few studies have investigated the differences between anxious depressed (aMDD) and non-anxious depressed (naMDD) patients regarding treatment dosage, serum-concentration and drug-specific treatment response. In our naturalistic and prospective study, we investigated whether the effectiveness of therapy including antidepressants (SSRI, SNRI, NaSSA, tricyclics and combinations) in aMDD patients differs significantly from that in naMDD patients. In a sample of 346 patients, we calculated the anxiety somatization factor (ASF) and defined treatment response as a reduction (≥50\%) in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS)-21 score after 7 weeks of pharmacological treatment. We did not observe an association between therapy response and the baseline ASF-scores, or differences in therapy outcomes between aMDD and naMDD patients. However, non-responders had higher ASF-scores, and at week 7 aMDD patients displayed a worse therapy outcome than naMDD patients. In subgroup analyses for different antidepressant drugs, venlafaxine-treated aMDD patients showed a significantly worse outcome at week 7. Future prospective, randomized-controlled studies should address the question of a worse therapy outcome in aMDD patients for different psychopharmaceuticals individually.}, language = {en} } @article{WeissGruendahlDeckertetal.2023, author = {Weiß, Martin and Gr{\"u}ndahl, Marthe and Deckert, J{\"u}rgen and Eichner, Felizitas A. and Kohls, Mirjam and St{\"o}rk, Stefan and Heuschmann, Peter U. and Hein, Grit}, title = {Differential network interactions between psychosocial factors, mental health, and health-related quality of life in women and men}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {13}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, organization = {STAAB-COVID Study Group}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-38525-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357858}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Psychosocial factors affect mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in a complex manner, yet gender differences in these interactions remain poorly understood. We investigated whether psychosocial factors such as social support and personal and work-related concerns impact mental health and HRQL differentially in women and men during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Between June and October 2020, the first part of a COVID-19-specific program was conducted within the "Characteristics and Course of Heart Failure Stages A-B and Determinants of Progression (STAAB)" cohort study, a representative age- and gender-stratified sample of the general population of W{\"u}rzburg, Germany. Using psychometric networks, we first established the complex relations between personal social support, personal and work-related concerns, and their interactions with anxiety, depression, and HRQL. Second, we tested for gender differences by comparing expected influence, edge weight differences, and stability of the networks. The network comparison revealed a significant difference in the overall network structure. The male (N = 1370) but not the female network (N = 1520) showed a positive link between work-related concern and anxiety. In both networks, anxiety was the most central variable. These findings provide further evidence that the complex interplay of psychosocial factors with mental health and HRQL decisively depends on gender. Our results are relevant for the development of gender-specific interventions to increase resilience in times of pandemic crisis.}, language = {en} } @article{GruendahlWeissStenzeletal.2023, author = {Gr{\"u}ndahl, Marthe and Weiß, Martin and Stenzel, Kilian and Deckert, J{\"u}rgen and Hein, Grit}, title = {The effects of everyday-life social interactions on anxiety-related autonomic responses differ between men and women}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {13}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-36118-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357840}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Social buffering, a phenomenon where social presence can reduce anxiety and fear-related autonomic responses, has been studied in numerous laboratory settings. The results suggest that the familiarity of the interaction partner influences social buffering while also providing some evidence for gender effects. In the laboratory, however, it is difficult to mimic the complexity of real-life social interactions. Consequently, the social modulation of anxiety and related autonomic responses in everyday life remains poorly understood. We used smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) combined with wearable electrocardiogram sensors to investigate how everyday-life social interactions affect state anxiety and related cardiac changes in women and men. On five consecutive days, 96 healthy young participants (53\% women) answered up to six EMA surveys per day, indicating characteristics of their most recent social interaction and the respective interaction partner(s). In women, our results showed lower heart rate in the presence of a male interaction partner. Men showed the same effect with female interaction partners. Moreover, only women showed decreased heart rate and increased heart rate variability with increasing interaction partner familiarity. These findings specify the conditions under which social interactions reduce anxiety-related responses in women and men.}, language = {en} } @article{HerrmannMuellerNotzetal.2023, author = {Herrmann, Johannes and M{\"u}ller, Kerstin and Notz, Quirin and H{\"u}bsch, Martha and Haas, Kirsten and Horn, Anna and Schmidt, Julia and Heuschmann, Peter and Maschmann, Jens and Frosch, Matthias and Deckert, J{\"u}rgen and Einsele, Hermann and Ertl, Georg and Frantz, Stefan and Meybohm, Patrick and Lotz, Christopher}, title = {Prospective single-center study of health-related quality of life after COVID-19 in ICU and non-ICU patients}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {13}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-33783-y}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357174}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Long-term sequelae in hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients may result in limited quality of life. The current study aimed to determine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after COVID-19 hospitalization in non-intensive care unit (ICU) and ICU patients. This is a single-center study at the University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Germany. Patients eligible were hospitalized with COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 2020. Patients were interviewed 3 and 12 months after hospital discharge. Questionnaires included the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L), patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the generalized anxiety disorder 7 scale (GAD-7), FACIT fatigue scale, perceived stress scale (PSS-10) and posttraumatic symptom scale 10 (PTSS-10). 85 patients were included in the study. The EQ5D-5L-Index significantly differed between non-ICU (0.78 ± 0.33 and 0.84 ± 0.23) and ICU (0.71 ± 0.27; 0.74 ± 0.2) patients after 3- and 12-months. Of non-ICU 87\% and 80\% of ICU survivors lived at home without support after 12 months. One-third of ICU and half of the non-ICU patients returned to work. A higher percentage of ICU patients was limited in their activities of daily living compared to non-ICU patients. Depression and fatigue were present in one fifth of the ICU patients. Stress levels remained high with only 24\% of non-ICU and 3\% of ICU patients (p = 0.0186) having low perceived stress. Posttraumatic symptoms were present in 5\% of non-ICU and 10\% of ICU patients. HRQoL is limited in COVID-19 ICU patients 3- and 12-months post COVID-19 hospitalization, with significantly less improvement at 12-months compared to non-ICU patients. Mental disorders were common highlighting the complexity of post-COVID-19 symptoms as well as the necessity to educate patients and primary care providers about monitoring mental well-being post COVID-19.}, language = {en} } @article{RodriguezRozadaFrantzTovote2023, author = {Rodriguez-Rozada, Silvia and Frantz, Stefan and Tovote, Philip}, title = {Cardiac optogenetics: regulating brain states via the heart}, series = {Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy}, volume = {8}, journal = {Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy}, doi = {10.1038/s41392-023-01582-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357625}, year = {2023}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, language = {en} } @article{IotzovWeissWindmannetal.2023, author = {Iotzov, Vassil and Weiß, Martin and Windmann, Sabine and Hein, Grit}, title = {Valence framing induces cognitive bias}, series = {Current Psychology}, volume = {42}, journal = {Current Psychology}, number = {34}, issn = {1046-1310}, doi = {10.1007/s12144-022-03797-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324824}, pages = {30381-30392}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Valence framing effects refer to inconsistent choice preferences in response to positive versus negative formulation of mathematically equivalent outcomes. Here, we manipulate valence framing in a two-alternative forced choice dictator game using gains and losses as frames to investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying valence framing. We applied a Drift-Diffusion Model (DDM) to examine whether gain (i.e., "take" money) and loss (i.e., "give" money) frames evoke a cognitive bias as previous research did not consistently reveal framing effects using reaction times and response frequency as dependent variables. DDMs allow decomposing the decision process into separate cognitive mechanisms, whereby a cognitive bias was repeatedly associated with a shift in the starting point of the model. Conducting both a laboratory (N = 62) and an online study (N = 109), female participants allocated money between themselves and another person in a prosocial or selfish way. In each study, one group was instructed to give money (give frame), the other to take money (take frame). Consistent with previous studies, no differences were found in response times and response frequencies. However, in both studies, substantial bias towards the selfish option was found in the take frame groups, captured by the starting point of the DDM. Thus, our results suggest that valence framing induces a cognitive bias in decision processing in women, even when no behavioral differences are present.}, language = {en} }