@article{SchumannScherthanFranketal.2020,
  author    = {Schumann, Sarah and Scherthan, Harry and Frank, Torsten and Lapa, Constantin and M{\"u}ller, Jessica and Seifert, Simone and Lassmann, Michael and Eberlein, Uta},
  title     = {DNA Damage in Blood Leukocytes of Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing PET/CT Examinations with [\(^{68}\)Ga]Ga-PSMA I\&T},
  series = {Cancers},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Cancers},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {2072-6694},
  doi       = {10.3390/cancers12020388},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200585},
  pages     = {388},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The aim was to investigate the induction and repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) as a function of the absorbed dose to the blood of patients undergoing PET/CT examinations with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA. Blood samples were collected from 15 patients before and at four time points after [68Ga]Ga-PSMA administration, both before and after the PET/CT scan. Absorbed doses to the blood were calculated. In addition, blood samples with/without contrast agent from five volunteers were irradiated ex vivo by CT while measuring the absorbed dose. Leukocytes were isolated, fixed, and stained for co-localizing γ-H2AX+53BP1 DSB foci that were enumerated manually. In vivo, a significant increase in γ-H2AX+53BP1 foci compared to baseline was observed at all time points after administration, although the absorbed dose to the blood by 68Ga was below 4 mGy. Ex vivo, the increase in radiation-induced foci depended on the absorbed dose and the presence of contrast agent, which could have caused a dose enhancement. The CT-dose contribution for the patients was estimated at about 12 mGy using the ex vivo calibration. The additional number of DSB foci induced by CT, however, was comparable to the one induced by 68Ga. The significantly increased foci numbers after [68Ga]Ga-PSMA administration may suggest a possible low-dose hypersensitivity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchuhmannEberleinMuelleretal.2018,
  author    = {Schuhmann, Sarah and Eberlein, Uta and M{\"u}ller, Jessica and Scherthan, Harry and Lassmann, Michael},
  title     = {Correlation of the absorbed dose to the blood and DNA damage in leukocytes after internal ex-vivo irradiation of blood samples with Ra-224},
  series = {EJNMMI Research},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {EJNMMI Research},
  number    = {77},
  doi       = {10.1186/s13550-018-0422-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-176593},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Background: Irradiation with α-particles creates densely packed damage tracks along particle trajectories in exposed cells, including complex DNA damage and closely spaced double-strand breaks (DSBs) in hit nuclei. Here, we investigated the correlation of the absorbed dose to the blood and the number of α-induced DNA damage tracks elicited in human blood leukocytes after ex-vivo in-solution exposure with Ra-224. The aim was to compare the data to previously published data on Ra-223 and to investigate differences in DNA damage induction between the two radium isotopes. Results: Blood samples from three healthy volunteers were exposed ex-vivo to six different concentrations of Ra-224 dichloride. Absorbed doses to the blood were calculated assuming local energy deposition of all α- and β-particles of the Ra-224 decay chain, ranging from 0 to 127 mGy. γ-H2AX + 53BP1 DNA damage co-staining and analysis was performed on ethanol-fixed leukocytes isolated from the irradiated blood samples. For damage quantification, α-induced DNA damage tracks and small γ-H2AX + 53BP1 DSB foci were enumerated in the exposed leukocytes. This revealed a linear relationship between the frequency of α-induced γ-H2AX damage tracks and the absorbed dose to the blood, while the frequency of small γ-H2AX + 53BP1 DSB foci indicative of β-irradiation was similar to baseline values. Conclusions: Our data provide a first estimation of the DNA damage induced by Ra-224 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A comparison with our previously published Ra-223 data suggests that there is no difference in the induction of radiation-induced DNA damage between the two radium isotopes due to their similar decay properties.},
  language  = {en}
}