@article{JellinghausSchererStaufferetal.2020,
  author    = {Jellinghaus, Katharina and Scherer, Charlotte and Stauffer, Edouard and Urban, Petra and Bohnert, Michael and Kneubuehl, Beat P.},
  title     = {Deadly injuries through recoilless anti-tank weapons while military shooting practice — two case studies from Germany and Switzerland},
  series = {International Journal of Legal Medicine},
  volume    = {134},
  journal   = {International Journal of Legal Medicine},
  issn      = {0937-9827},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00414-020-02301-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-232727},
  pages     = {2199-2204},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this casuistry, two accidents from Germany and Switzerland are presented that happened during the shot of recoilless anti-tankweapons. In both cases, the injuries led to the death of two soldiers: A 22-year-old soldier in Germany was struck by the countermass of a so-called Davis gun which had been fired by a comrade during a firing exercise; he died from his severe injuries,especially in the abdominal part of the body. As a peculiarity of the wound morphology, it was found to be a thick-layered,metallic, gray material in the wound cavity, which corresponded to the material of the counter mass that was ejected opposite tothe shooting direction. The other case took place in Switzerland, where a 24-year-old soldier was seriously injured during anexercise with portable anti-tank rockets. At the time the shot was fired, he stood behind the launcher and was hit by the propulsionjet of the rocket motor. He died as well from his severe injuries, which were located at the chest done by the gas jet and by the veryhigh pressure. In both cases, two different causes of death were present: massive blunt violence in the first case versus a jet of hotgases of very high speed and temperature in the second case.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BohnertSeiffertTrellaetal.2020,
  author    = {Bohnert, Simone and Seiffert, Anja and Trella, Stefanie and Bohnert, Michael and Distel, Luitpold and Ondruschka, Benjamin and Monoranu, Camelia-Marie},
  title     = {TMEM119 as a specific marker of microglia reaction in traumatic brain injury in postmortem examination},
  series = {International Journal of Legal Medicine},
  volume    = {134},
  journal   = {International Journal of Legal Medicine},
  issn      = {0937-9827},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00414-020-02384-z},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-235346},
  pages     = {2167-2176},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The aim of the present study was a refined analysis of neuroinflammation including TMEM119 as a useful microglia-specific marker in forensic assessments of traumatic causes of death, e.g., traumatic brain injury (TBI). Human brain tissue samples were obtained from autopsies and divided into cases with lethal TBI (n = 25) and subdivided into three groups according to their trauma survival time and compared with an age-, gender-, and postmortem interval-matched cohort of sudden cardiovascular fatalities as controls (n = 23). Brain tissue samples next to cortex contusions and surrounding white matter as well as samples of the ipsilateral uninjured brain stem and cerebellum were collected and stained immunohistochemically with antibodies against TMEM119, CD206, and CCR2. We could document the highest number of TMEM119-positive cells in acute TBI death with highly significant differences to the control numbers. CCR2-positive monocytes showed a significantly higher cell count in the cortex samples of TBI cases than in the controls with an increasing number of immunopositive cells over time. The number of CD206-positive M2 microglial cells increased survival time-dependent. After 3 days of survival, the cell number increased significantly in all four regions investigated compared with controls. In sum, we validate a specific and robustly expressed as well as fast reacting microglia marker, TMEM119, which distinguishes microglia from resident and infiltrating macrophages and thus offers a great potential for the estimation of the minimum survival time after TBI.},
  language  = {en}
}