@article{SchulzJosephBaumhaueretal.1990,
  author    = {Schulz, Erhard and Joseph, Alain and Baumhauer, Roland and Schultze, Ekkerhard and Sponholz, Barbara},
  title     = {Upper Pleistocene and Holocene history of the Bilma region (Kawar, NE-Niger)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86828},
  year      = {1990},
  abstract  = {A 42 m drilling was pertormed in the depresalon of Bilma, Xawar, NE-Niger. The sediment and pollen records show that after an initial deposition of dune sands there were repeated lake phases which terminated by desiccation and consolidation of spring mounds. The pollen record indicates a continuous presence of savanna vegetation. The record probably covers the period between the Upper Pleistocene and the Late Holocene. The climate was characterised by a monssonal summer rain regime giving effective rain fall of about 450-500 mm per year. Groundwater recharge was possible but estimates of the amount of water resources are difficult because of the karstic system of the escarpment and the nearly unknown hydrogeological situation.},
  subject      = {Pleistoz{\"a}n},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BonigKuciKucietal.2019,
  author    = {Bonig, Halvard and Ku{\c{c}}i, Zyrafete and Ku{\c{c}}i, Selim and Bakhtiar, Shahrzad and Basu, Oliver and Bug, Gesine and Dennis, Mike and Greil, Johann and Barta, Aniko and K{\´a}llay, Kriszti{\´a}n M. and Lang, Peter and Lucchini, Giovanna and Pol, Raj and Schulz, Ansgar and Sykora, Karl-Walter and Teichert von Luettichau, Irene and Herter-Sprie, Grit and Ashab Uddin, Mohammad and Jenkin, Phil and Alsultan, Abdulrahman and Buechner, Jochen and Stein, Jerry and Kelemen, Agnes and Jarisch, Andrea and Soerensen, Jan and Salzmann-Manrique, Emilia and Hutter, Martin and Sch{\"a}fer, Richard and Seifried, Erhard and Paneesha, Shankara and Novitzky-Basso, Igor and Gefen, Aharon and Nevo, Neta and Beutel, Gernot and Schlegel, Paul-Gerhardt and Klingebiel, Thomas and Bader, Peter},
  title     = {Children and adults with Refractory acute Graft-versus-Host Disease respond to treatment with the Mesenchymal Stromal cell preparation "MSC-FFM"—Outcome report of 92 patients},
  series = {Cells},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Cells},
  number    = {12},
  issn      = {2073-4409},
  doi       = {10.3390/cells8121577},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193878},
  pages     = {1577},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {(1) Background: Refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (R-aGvHD) remains a leading cause of death after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Survival rates of 15\% after four years are currently achieved; deaths are only in part due to aGvHD itself, but mostly due to adverse effects of R-aGvHD treatment with immunosuppressive agents as these predispose patients to opportunistic infections and loss of graft-versus-leukemia surveillance resulting in relapse. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from different tissues and those generated by various protocols have been proposed as a remedy for R-aGvHD but the enthusiasm raised by initial reports has not been ubiquitously reproduced. (2) Methods: We previously reported on a unique MSC product, which was generated from pooled bone marrow mononuclear cells of multiple third-party donors. The products showed dose-to-dose equipotency and greater immunosuppressive capacity than individually expanded MSCs from the same donors. This product, MSC-FFM, has entered clinical routine in Germany where it is licensed with a national hospital exemption authorization. We previously reported satisfying initial clinical outcomes, which we are now updating. The data were collected in our post-approval pharmacovigilance program, i.e., this is not a clinical study and the data is high-level and non-monitored. (3) Results: Follow-up for 92 recipients of MSC-FFM was reported, 88 with GvHD ≥°III, one-third only steroid-refractory and two-thirds therapy resistant (refractory to steroids plus ≥2 additional lines of treatment). A median of three doses of MSC-FFM was administered without apparent toxicity. Overall response rates were 82\% and 81\% at the first and last evaluation, respectively. At six months, the estimated overall survival was 64\%, while the cumulative incidence of death from underlying disease was 3\%. (4) Conclusions: MSC-FFM promises to be a safe and efficient treatment for severe R-aGvHD.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RoeschBiesterBogenriederetal.2017,
  author    = {R{\"o}sch, Manfred and Biester, Harald and Bogenrieder, Arno and Eckmeier, Eileen and Ehrmann, Otto and Gerlach, Renate and Hall, Mathias and Hartkopf-Fr{\"o}der, Christoph and Herrmann, Ludger and Kury, Birgit and Lechterbeck, Jutta and Schier, Wolfram and Schulz, Erhard},
  title     = {Late neolithic agriculture in temperate Europe—a long-term experimental approach},
  series = {Land},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Land},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {2073-445X},
  doi       = {10.3390/land6010011},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198103},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Long-term slash-and-burn experiments, when compared with intensive tillage without manuring, resulted in a huge data set relating to potential crop yields, depending on soil quality, crop type, and agricultural measures. Cultivation without manuring or fallow phases did not produce satisfying yields, and mono-season cropping on freshly cleared and burned plots resulted in rather high yields, comparable to those produced during modern industrial agriculture - at least ten-fold the ones estimated for the medieval period. Continuous cultivation on the same plot, using imported wood from adjacent areas as fuel, causes decreasing yields over several years. The high yield of the first harvest of a slash-and-burn agriculture is caused by nutrient input through the ash produced and mobilization from the organic matter of the topsoil, due to high soil temperatures during the burning process and higher topsoil temperatures due to the soil's black surface. The harvested crops are pure, without contamination of any weeds. Considering the amount of work required to fight weeds without burning, the slash-and-burn technique yields much better results than any other tested agricultural approach. Therefore, in dense woodland, without optimal soils and climate, slash-and-burn agriculture seems to be the best, if not the only, feasible method to start agriculture, for example, during the Late Neolithic, when agriculture expanded from the loess belt into landscapes less suitable for agriculture. Extensive and cultivation with manuring is more practical in an already-open landscape and with a denser population, but its efficiency in terms of the ratio of the manpower input to food output, is worse. Slash-and-burn agriculture is not only a phenomenon of temperate European agriculture during the Neolithic, but played a major role in land-use in forested regions worldwide, creating anthromes on a huge spatial scale.},
  language  = {en}
}