@article{RothMauerObingeretal.2010,
  author    = {Roth, Kristina and Mauer, Sonja and Obinger, Matthias and Ruf, Katharina C. and Graf, Christine and Kriemler, Susi and Lenz, Dorothea and Lehmacher, Walter and Hebestreit, Helge},
  title     = {Prevention through Activity in Kindergarten Trial (PAKT): A cluster randomised controlled trial to assess the effects of an activity intervention in preschool children},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-67972},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Background: Physical activity and motor skills acquisition are of high importance for health-related prevention and a normal development in childhood. However, few intervention studies exist in preschool children focussing on an increase in physical activity and motor skills. Proof of positive effects is available but not consistent. Methods/Design: The design, curriculum, and evaluation strategy of a cluster randomised intervention study in preschool children are described in this manuscript. In the Prevention through Activity in Kindergarten Trial (PAKT), 41 of 131 kindergartens of Wuerzburg and Kitzingen, Germany, were randomised into an intervention and a control group by a random number table stratified for the location of the kindergarten in an urban (more than 20.000 inhabitants) or rural area. The aims of the intervention were to increase physical activity and motor skills in the participating children, and to reduce health risk factors as well as media use. The intervention was designed to involve children, parents and teachers, and lasted one academic year. It contained daily 30-min sessions of physical education in kindergarten based on a holistic pedagogic approach termed the "early psychomotor education". The sessions were instructed by kindergarten teachers under regular supervision by the research team. Parents were actively involved by physical activity homework cards. The kindergarten teachers were trained in workshops and during the supervision. Assessments were performed at baseline, 3-5 months into the intervention, at the end of the intervention and 2-4 months after the intervention. The primary outcomes of the study are increases in physical activity (accelerometry) and in motor skills performance (composite score of obstacle course, standing long jump, balancing on one foot, jumping sidewise to and fro) between baseline and the two assessments during the intervention. Secondary outcomes include decreases in body adiposity (BMI, skin folds), media use (questionnaire), blood pressure, number of accidents and infections (questionnaire), increases in specific motor skills (throwing, balancing, complex motor performance, jumping) and in flexibility. Discussion: If this trial proofs the effectiveness of the multilevel kindergarten based physical activity intervention on preschooler's activity levels and motor skills, the programme will be distributed nationwide in Germany. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00623844},
  subject      = {Vorschulkind},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Roth2003,
  author    = {Roth, Katharina},
  title     = {Lizenzen an gesch{\"u}tzten Stellungen ohne gesicherten Rechtscharakter},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-10488},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Die M{\"o}glichkeit, k{\"u}nstlerische, technische und organisatorische Leistungsergebnisse und sonstige immaterielle G{\"u}ter anderen zur Nutzung zu {\"u}berlassen, ist f{\"u}r die Entwicklung unserer kulturellen, wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Lebensbedingungen von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Dies wird insbesondere bei den Lizenzvereinbarungen {\"u}ber Pers{\"o}nlichkeitsrechte und den sog. Know-how-Vertr{\"a}gen deutlich. Die rechtlichen Grundlagen solcher Lizenzen sind hingegen nur teilweise gesetzlich normiert bzw. dogmatisch gekl{\"a}rt. Lediglich in den immaterialg{\"u}terrechtlichen Sondergesetzen, wie etwa dem Patentgesetz oder dem Urheberrechtsgesetz, sind die Rechte an bestimmten geistigen und sch{\"o}pferischen Leistungen ausdr{\"u}cklich geregelt und ist die M{\"o}glichkeit ihrer Lizenzierung regelm{\"a}ßig vorgesehen. Anders stellt sich die Lage bei denjenigen immateriellen Positionen dar, die nicht in den Anwendungsbereich der Sondergesetze fallen, jedoch einen Schutz aufgrund sonstiger gesetzlicher Vorschriften bzw. Rechtsinstitute, wie z.B. dem erg{\"a}nzenden wettbewerbsrechtlichen Leistungsschutz, erfahren. Sowohl der Rechtscharakter als auch die Lizenzierbarkeit dieser gesch{\"u}tzten Stellungen, die den Gegenstand der vorliegenden Untersuchung darstellen, sind in der Rechtsprechung und Literatur nach wie vor umstritten. Daher befaßt sich die Arbeit zun{\"a}chst mit der Frage, ob an gesch{\"u}tzten Stellungen - wie an den sondergesetzlich erfaßten Positionen - grunds{\"a}tzlich subjektive absolute Rechte anerkannt werden k{\"o}nnen und ob die Voraussetzungen solcher Rechtspositionen aufgrund der einfachgesetzlichen Schutzm{\"o}glichkeiten erf{\"u}llt sind, oder ob letztere lediglich rein faktische Abwehrpositionen begr{\"u}nden. Dabei kommt dem erg{\"a}nzenden wettbewerbsrechtlichen Leistungsschutz eine besondere Bedeutung zu, da er hinsichtlich seines Rechtsschutzcharakters {\"A}hnlichkeiten zu den sondergesetzlichen Immaterialg{\"u}terrechten aufweist. Dieser spielt schließlich nicht nur f{\"u}r die Zul{\"a}ssigkeit, sondern auch f{\"u}r die rechtliche Form einer Lizenzierung eine entscheidende Rolle. Denn der Rechtscharakter der lizenzierten Rechtsposition ist nicht nur daf{\"u}r ausschlaggebend, ob die Nutzungs{\"u}berlassung in Form einer Verf{\"u}gung oder einer nur schuldrechtlichen Verpflichtung erfolgen kann, sondern auch f{\"u}r die Natur des zwischen dem Lizenzgeber und dem Lizenznehmer entstehenden Rechtsverh{\"a}ltnisses und der dem Lizenznehmer einger{\"a}umten Rechtsposition.},
  subject      = {Urheberrecht},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{RufBeerKoestleretal.2019,
  author    = {Ruf, Katharina and Beer, Meinrad and K{\"o}stler, Herbert and Weng, Andreas Max and Neubauer, Henning and Klein, Alexander and Platek, Kathleen and Roth, Kristina and Beneke, Ralph and Hebestreit, Helge},
  title     = {Size-adjusted muscle power and muscle metabolism in patients with cystic fibrosis are equal to healthy controls - a case control study},
  series = {BMC Pulmonary Medicine},
  volume    = {19},
  journal   = {BMC Pulmonary Medicine},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12890-019-1039-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200981},
  pages     = {269},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Background Skeletal muscle function dysfunction has been reported in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Studies so far showed inconclusive data whether reduced exercise capacity is related to intrinsic muscle dysfunction in CF. Methods Twenty patients with CF and 23 age-matched controls completed an incremental cardiopulmonary cycling test. Further, a Wingate anaerobic test to assess muscle power was performed. In addition, all participants completed an incremental knee-extension test with 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess muscle metabolism (inorganic phosphate (Pi) and phosphocreatinine (PCr) as well as intracellular pH). In the MRI, muscle cross-sectional area of the M. quadriceps (qCSA) was also measured. A subgroup of 15 participants (5 CF, 10 control) additionally completed a continuous high-intensity, high-frequency knee-extension exercise task during 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess muscle metabolism. Results Patients with CF showed a reduced exercise capacity in the incremental cardiopulmonary cycling test (VO2peak: CF 77.8 ± 16.2\%predicted (36.5 ± 7.4 ml/qCSA/min), control 100.6 ± 18.8\%predicted (49.1 ± 11.4 ml/qCSA/min); p < 0.001), and deficits in anaerobic capacity reflected by the Wingate test (peak power: CF 537 ± 180 W, control 727 ± 186 W; mean power: CF 378 ± 127 W, control 486 ± 126 W; power drop CF 12 ± 5 W, control 8 ± 4 W. all: p < 0.001). In the knee-extension task, patients with CF achieved a significantly lower workload (p < 0.05). However, in a linear model analysing maximal work load of the incremental knee-extension task and results of the Wingate test, respectively, only muscle size and height, but not disease status (CF or not) contributed to explaining variance. In line with this finding, no differences were found in muscle metabolism reflected by intracellular pH and the ratio of Pi/PCr at submaximal stages and peak exercise measured through MRI spectroscopy. Conclusions The lower absolute muscle power in patients with CF compared to controls is exclusively explained by the reduced muscle size in this study. No evidence was found for an intrinsic skeletal muscle dysfunction due to primary alterations of muscle metabolism.},
  language  = {en}
}