@phdthesis{Rizzo2023,
  author    = {Rizzo, Giuseppe},
  title     = {Determinants of macrophage and neutrophil heterogeneity in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-31068},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-310680},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Current therapeutic strategies efficiently improve survival in patients after myocardial infarction (MI). Nevertheless, long-term consequences such as heart failure development, are still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Inflammation is critically involved in the cardiac healing process after MI and has a dual role, contributing to both tissue healing and tissue damage. In the last decade, a lot of attention was given to targeting inflammation as a potential therapeutic approach in MI, but the poor understanding of inflammatory cell heterogeneity and function is a limit to the development of immune modulatory strategies. The recent development of tools to profile immune cells with high resolution has provided a unique opportunity to better understand immune cell heterogeneity and dynamics in the ischemic heart. In this thesis, we employed single-cell RNA-sequencing combined with detection of epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) to refine our understanding of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages heterogeneity and dynamic after experimental myocardial infarction. Neutrophils rapidly invade the infarcted heart shortly after ischemic damage and have previously been proposed to display time-dependent functional heterogeneity. At the single-cell level, we observed dynamic transcriptional heterogeneity in neutrophil populations during the acute post-MI phase and defined previously unknown cardiac neutrophil states. In particular, we identified a locally acquired SiglecFhi neutrophil state that displayed higher ROS production and phagocytic ability compared to newly recruited neutrophils, suggesting the acquisition of specific function in the infarcted heart. These findings highlight the importance of the tissue microenvironment in shaping neutrophil response. From the macrophage perspective, we characterized MI-associated monocyte-derived macrophage subsets, two with a pro-inflammatory gene signature (MHCIIhiIl1βhi) and three Trem2hi macrophage populations with a lipid associated macrophage (LAM) signature, also expressing pro-fibrotic and tissue repair genes. Combined analysis of blood monocytes and cardiac monocyte/macrophages indicated that the Trem2hi LAM signature is acquired in the infarcted heart. We furthermore characterized the role of TREM2, a surface protein expressed mainly in macrophages and involved in macrophage survival and function, in the post-MI macrophage response and cardiac repair. Using TREM2 deficient mice, we demonstrate that acquisition of the LAM signature in cardiac macrophages after MI is partially dependent on TREM2. While their cardiac function was not affected, TREM2 deficient mice showed reduced collagen deposition in the heart after MI. Thus, our data in Trem2-deficient mice highlight the role of TREM2 in promoting a macrophage pro-fibrotic phenotype, in line with the pro-fibrotic/tissue repair gene signature of the Trem2hi LAM-signature genes. Overall, our data provide a high-resolution characterization of neutrophils and macrophage heterogeneity and dynamics in the ischemic heart and can be used as a valuable resource to investigate how these cells modulate the healing processes after MI. Furthermore, our work identified TREM2 as a regulator of macrophage phenotype in the infarcted heart},
  subject      = {Makrophage},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Frackmann2023,
  author    = {Frackmann, Kyra},
  title     = {In Vitro Analyse der Glukose- und Methionin-Restriktion im humanen Modellsystem HeLa sowie im Plattenepithelkarzinom HNSCC},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-31156},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-311565},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Die Krebserkrankung ist bis zum heutigen Zeitpunkt eine große Belastung in unserer Gesellschaft. Obwohl es stets Fortschritte in der Entwicklung neuer Therapiem{\"o}glichkeiten gibt, stellt die Behandlung auch in der modernen Medizin eine enorme Herausforderung dar. Darum besteht bis heute ein hoher Bedarf an neuen und weiterentwickelten Behandlungsm{\"o}glichkeiten. Um die Proliferation einer neoplastischen Zelle zu beeinflussen, stellen die Biomasse und die Energie einen grundlegenden Ansatz dar. Hier bieten sich vor allem die Aminos{\"a}uren als wesentlicher Baustein der Zellmasse und der Energietr{\"a}ger „Glukose" an, wodurch sich die beiden Ans{\"a}tze einer Protein- bzw. Aminos{\"a}ure-Restriktion und einer Glukose-Restriktion ergeben. Ziel ist es durch eine ver{\"a}nderte Stoffwechsellage einen Low-Energy-Metabolismus (LEM) zu induzieren, welcher die Zelle in einen sich selbst regenerierenden, antiproliferativen Zustand versetzt. Zus{\"a}tzlich sollte untersucht werden, ob sich die beiden Ans{\"a}tze grunds{\"a}tzlich als Therapieform gegen das Plattenepithelkarzinom (HNSCC) eignen. Zudem sollte ein Modell einer humanen Zelllinie erstellt werden, mit Hilfe dessen sich ein LEM auf metaboler Ebene charakterisieren l{\"a}sst. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Zellen unter konstanter Glukose-Restriktion teils sensitiver auf Todesliganden reagieren. Außerdem wirken Kalorien-Restriktions-Mimetika antiproliferativ auf HNSCC Zellen. Hinzu kommt, dass eine Methionin-Restriktion Einfluss auf die Genexpression jener Gene hat, die mit der LEM-Signalkaskade in Zusammenhang stehen. Zuletzt lieferte die massenspektrometrische Analyse von mehr als 150 Metaboliten der humanen Zelllinie HeLa ein detailliertes Bild ihres Metabolismus unter Methionin-Restriktion. Durch die Definition eines charakteristischen Fingerabdrucks nach 72 h und eines kleinen Fußabdrucks aus wenigen Metaboliten, konnte ein humanes Modellsystem etabliert werden, dass zuk{\"u}nftig u.a. die schnelle Analyse von Kalorien-Restriktions-Mimetika erm{\"o}glicht.},
  subject      = {Methionin},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Cetindere2023,
  author    = {Cetindere, Rojan},
  title     = {Klinische und radiologische Ergebnisse nach offener Schultergelenksstabilisierung mittels Beckenkammspan},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-31314},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-313148},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Im Rh{\"o}n-Klinikum wurden von 2012 bis 2015 49 Patient*innen wegen eines Glenoiddefektes mittels offenem Beckenkammspantransfer mit Kapselshift bei anteriorer Schulterinstabilit{\"a}t behandelt. 27 Patienten konnten in dieser Studie eingeschlossen werden (Einschlusskriterien: Follow-up von mindestens 12 Monaten, kompletter pr{\"a}operativer 3D-CT-Datensatz / Ausschlusskriterien: traumatische Schulterluxation oder Voroperation der kontralateralen Schulter). Ziel der Studie war es, das kurz- bis mittelfristige klinische Outcome dieser Kohorte zu erfassen, der Vergleich mit Ergebnissen anderer Arbeitsgruppen und der Vergleich von pr{\"a}operativ verwendeten Messmethoden (Chuang- bzw. Wambacher-Methode) f{\"u}r den Glenoiddefekt. Bei einem mittleren Follow-up von 27,11 Monaten zeigten sich {\"u}berwiegend gute bis exzellente kurz- bis mittelfristige OP-Ergebnisse (Rowe-Score: 84,81, Oxford-Shoulder-Score: 20,56, WOSI-Score: 371, Constant-Score: 86,74). Die OP-Methode eignet sich gut f{\"u}r Patient*innen, die mehrfach voroperiert sind, multiple Luxationsereignisse hatten sowie f{\"u}r diejenigen mit relevanter Hyperlaxizit{\"a}t, bei denen eine Latarjet-Operation kontraindiziert ist. Die OP-Methode ist gut anwendbar bei Patient*innen mit subkritischem Glenoidverlust < 20 \%, wenn zus{\"a}tzliche Sekund{\"a}rfaktoren vorliegen. Eine postoperative Omarthrose ist ein Risikofaktor f{\"u}r ein signifikant schlechteres Outcome. Die Gesamtkomplikationsrate lag bei 25,9\%, der Großteil hiervon (18,3\%) waren innerhalb kurzer Zeit reversibel. Die Reluxationsrate lag bei 3,7\%. Bei allen Studienteilnehmenden kam es zum Span-Remodelling ohne Schraubenlockerung oder Spanbruch. Eine {\"u}berm{\"a}ßige Spanresorbtion erfolgt antero-inferior, w{\"a}hrend um die Osteosyntheseschrauben eine {\"U}berkontur persistiert. Die Glenoiddefekte lagen bei 23,39 \% (Chuang) bzw. 22,06 \% (Wambacher). Es zeigte sich eine gute {\"U}bereinstimmung der Messergebnisse beider Methoden, allerdings lagen die Werte nach Chuang signifikant h{\"o}her.},
  subject      = {Orthop{\"a}die},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{KlinnertVlachopoulou2023,
  author    = {Klinnert Vlachopoulou, Cristina Maria},
  title     = {Comparison between Dual-Energy-CT perfusion imaging and perfusion-weighted SElf-gated Non-Contrast-Enhanced FUnctional MR imaging of the lung in patients with pulmonary artery embolism},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-31303},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-313034},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Pulmonary artery embolism (PE) is a common condition and an even more common clinical suspect. The computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) is the main medical imaging tool used to diagnose a suspected case of PE. To gain a better impression of the effects of a PE on the perfusion and hence the gas exchange, a functional imaging method is beneficial. One approach for functional imaging using radiation exposure is the generation of color-coded iodine perfusion maps acquired by Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT), which enable the detection of perfusion defects in the pulmonary parenchyma. In contrast to the existing approach of DECT with iodine color-coded maps, the SElf-gated Non-Contrast-Enhanced FUnctional Lung (SENCEFUL) MRI technique offers the possibility to interpret perfusion maps without any radiation exposure or application of contrast agents. The measurement in SENCEFUL MRI can be performed during conditions of free breathing and without electrocardiogram triggering. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PE can be diagnosed on the basis of visible perfusion defects in the perfusion maps of SENCEFUL MRI and in the iodine-coded maps of DECT and to compare the diagnostic performance of these methods. Both SENCEFUL-MRI and iodine distribution maps from DECT have been compared with the CTPA of ten patients with PE. Additionally, the functional images were compared with each other on a per-patient basis. The iodine perfusion maps of DECT had a sensitivity of 84.2 \% and specificity of 65.2 \% for the diagnosis of PE. The SENCEFUL technique in MRI showed a sensitivity of 78.9 \% and a specificity of 26.1 \%. When comparing the whole lung depicted in both series of functional images, the main perfusion defect location matched in four of ten patients (40 \%). In conclusion, this work found that DECT iodine maps have higher sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism compared with SENCEFUL MRI.},
  subject      = {Lungenembolie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DresenPimientoPateletal.2023,
  author    = {Dresen, Ellen and Pimiento, Jose M. and Patel, Jayshil J. and Heyland, Daren K. and Rice, Todd W. and Stoppe, Christian},
  title     = {Overview of oxidative stress and the role of micronutrients in critical illness},
  series = {Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition},
  volume    = {47},
  journal   = {Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition},
  doi       = {10.1002/jpen.2421},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-318186},
  pages     = {S38 -- S49},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Inflammation and oxidative stress represent physiological response mechanisms to different types of stimuli and injury during critical illness. Its proper regulation is fundamental to cellular and organismal survival and are paramount to outcomes and recovery from critical illness. A proper maintenance of the delicate balance between inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune response is crucial for resolution from critical illness with important implications for patient outcome. The extent of inflammation and oxidative stress under normal conditions is limited by the antioxidant defense system of the human body, whereas the antioxidant capacity is commonly significantly compromised, and serum levels of micronutrients and vitamins significantly depleted in patients who are critically ill. Hence, the provision of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients may help to reduce the extent of oxidative stress and therefore improve clinical outcomes in patients who are critically ill. As existing evidence of the beneficial effects of antioxidant supplementation in patients who are critically ill is still unclear, actual findings about the most promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidative candidates selenium, vitamin C, zinc, and vitamin D will be discussed in this narrative review. The existing evidence provided so far demonstrates that several factors need to be considered to determine the efficacy of an antioxidant supplementation strategy in patients who are critically ill and indicates the need for adequately designed multicenter prospective randomized control trials to evaluate the clinical significance of different types and doses of micronutrients and vitamins in selected groups of patients with different types of critical illness.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MoratinThoeleLangetal.2023,
  author    = {Moratin, Helena and Th{\"o}le, Anna and Lang, Josephine and Ehret Kasemo, Totta and St{\"o}th, Manuel and Hagen, Rudolf and Scherzad, Agmal and Hackenberg, Stephan},
  title     = {Ag- but not ZnO-nanoparticles disturb the airway epithelial barrier at subtoxic concentrations},
  series = {Pharmaceutics},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Pharmaceutics},
  number    = {10},
  issn      = {1999-4923},
  doi       = {10.3390/pharmaceutics15102506},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357403},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Inhalation is considered to be the most relevant source of human exposure to nanoparticles (NPs); however, only a few investigations have addressed the influence of exposing the respiratory mucosal barrier to subcytotoxic doses. In the nasal respiratory epithelium, cells of the mucosa represent one of the first contact points of the human organism with airborne NPs. Disruption of the epithelial barrier by harmful materials can lead to inflammation in addition to potential intrinsic toxicity of the particles. The aim of this study was to investigate whether subtoxic concentrations of zinc oxide (ZnO)- and silver (Ag)-NPs have an influence on upper airway barrier integrity. Nasal epithelial cells from 17 donors were cultured at the air-liquid interface and exposed to ZnO- and Ag-NPs. Barrier function, quantified by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), decreased after treatment with 10 µg/mL Ag-NPs, but FITC-dextran permeability remained stable and no change in mRNA levels of tight junction proteins and E-cadherin was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The results indicate that subtoxic concentrations of Ag-NPs may already induce damage of the upper airway epithelial barrier in vitro. The lack of similar disruption by ZnO-NPs of similar size suggests a specific effect by Ag-NPs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{IsraelRiehlButtetal.2023,
  author    = {Israel, Ina and Riehl, Gabriele and Butt, Elke and Buck, Andreas K. and Samnick, Samuel},
  title     = {Gallium-68-labeled KISS1-54 peptide for mapping KISS1 receptor via PET: initial evaluation in human tumor cell lines and in tumor-bearing mice},
  series = {Pharmaceuticals},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {Pharmaceuticals},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {1424-8247},
  doi       = {10.3390/ph17010044},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-355898},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Kisspeptins (KPs, KISS1) and their receptor (KISS1R) play a pivotal role as metastasis suppressor for many cancers. Low or lost KP expression is associated with higher tumor grade, increased metastatic potential, and poor prognosis. Therefore, KP expression has prognostic relevance and correlates with invasiveness in cancers. Furthermore, KISS1R represents a very promising target for molecular imaging and therapy for KISS1R-expressing tumors. The goal of this study was to evaluate the developed KISS1-54 derivative, [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54, as a PET-imaging probe for KISS1R-expressing tumors. The NODAGA-KISS1-54 peptide was labeled by Gallium-68, and the stability of the resulting [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 evaluated in injection solution and human serum, followed by an examination in different KISS1R-expressing tumor cell lines, including HepG2, HeLa, MDA-MB-231, MCF7, LNCap, SK-BR-3, and HCT116. Finally, [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 was tested in LNCap- and MDA-MB-231-bearing mice, using µ-PET, assessing its potential as an imaging probe for PET. [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 was obtained in a 77 ± 7\% radiochemical yield and at a >99\% purity. The [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 cell uptake amounted to 0.6-4.4\% per 100,000 cells. Moreover, the accumulation of [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 was effectively inhibited by nonradioactive KISS1-54. In [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54-PET, KISS1R-positive LNCap-tumors were clearly visualized as compared to MDA-MB-231-tumor implant with predominantly intracellular KISS1R expression. Our first results suggest that [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 is a promising candidate for a radiotracer for targeting KISS1R-expressing tumors via PET.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{OdorferVolkmann2023,
  author    = {Odorfer, Thorsten M. and Volkmann, Jens},
  title     = {Deep brain stimulation for focal or segmental craniocervical dystonia in patients who have failed botulinum neurotoxin therapy - a narrative review of the literature},
  series = {Toxins},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Toxins},
  number    = {10},
  issn      = {2072-6651},
  doi       = {10.3390/toxins15100606},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357707},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {(1) Background: The first-line treatment for patients with focal or segmental dystonia with a craniocervical distribution is still the intramuscular injection of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT). However, some patients experience primary or secondary treatment failure from this potential immunogenic therapy. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) may then be used as a backup strategy in this situation. (2) Methods: Here, we reviewed the current study literature to answer a specific question regarding the efficacy and safety of the use of DBS, particularly for cervical dystonia (CD) and Meige syndrome (MS) in patients with documented treatment failure under BoNT. (3) Results: There are only two studies with the highest level of evidence in this area. Despite this clear limitation, in the context of the narrowly defined research question of this paper, it is possible to report 161 patients with CD or MS who were included in studies that were able to show a statistically significant reduction in dystonic symptoms using DBS. Safety and tolerability data appeared adequate. However, much of the information is based on retrospective observations. (4) Conclusions: The evidence base in this area is in need of further scientific investigation. Most importantly, more randomized, controlled and double-blind trials are needed, possibly including a head-to-head comparison of DBS and BoNT.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WatzlingKlausWeidemeieretal.2023,
  author    = {Watzling, Martin and Klaus, Lorenz and Weidemeier, Tamara and Horder, Hannes and Ebert, Regina and Blunk, Torsten and Bauer-Kreisel, Petra},
  title     = {Three-dimensional breast cancer model to investigate CCL5/CCR1 expression mediated by direct contact between breast cancer cells and adipose-derived stromal cells or adipocytes},
  series = {Cancers},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Cancers},
  number    = {13},
  issn      = {2072-6694},
  doi       = {10.3390/cancers15133501},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-362502},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The tumor microenvironment (TME) in breast cancer is determined by the complex crosstalk of cancer cells with adipose tissue-inherent cells such as adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and adipocytes resulting from the local invasion of tumor cells in the mammary fat pad. This leads to heterotypic cellular contacts between these cell types. To adequately mimic the specific cell-to-cell interaction in an in vivo-like 3D environment, we developed a direct co-culture spheroid model using ASCs or differentiated adipocytes in combination with MDA-MB-231 or MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Co-spheroids were generated in a well-defined and reproducible manner in a high-throughput process. We compared the expression of the tumor-promoting chemokine CCL5 and its cognate receptors in these co-spheroids to indirect and direct standard 2D co-cultures. A marked up-regulation of CCL5 and in particular the receptor CCR1 with strict dependence on cell-cell contacts and culture dimensionality was evident. Furthermore, the impact of direct contacts between ASCs and tumor cells and the involvement of CCR1 in promoting tumor cell migration were demonstrated. Overall, these results show the importance of direct 3D co-culture models to better represent the complex tumor-stroma interaction in a tissue-like context. The unveiling of tumor-specific markers that are up-regulated upon direct cell-cell contact with neighboring stromal cells, as demonstrated in the 3D co-culture spheroids, may represent a promising strategy to find new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of invasive breast cancer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GuederReinFlohretal.2023,
  author    = {G{\"u}der, G{\"u}lmisal and Rein, Eva von and Flohr, Thomas and Weismann, Dirk and Schmitt, Dominik and St{\"o}rk, Stefan and Frantz, Stefan and Kratzer, Vincent and Kendi, Christian},
  title     = {Motion detectors as additional monitoring devices in the intensive care unit — a proof-of-concept study},
  series = {Applied Sciences},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Applied Sciences},
  number    = {16},
  issn      = {2076-3417},
  doi       = {10.3390/app13169319},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-362404},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Background: Monitoring the vital signs of delirious patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) is challenging, as they might (un-)intentionally remove devices attached to their bodies. In mock-up scenarios, we systematically assessed whether a motion detector (MD) attached to the bed may help in identifying emergencies. Methods: We recruited 15 employees of the ICU and equipped an ICU bed with an MD (IRON Software GmbH, Gr{\"u}nwald, Germany). Participants were asked to replay 22 mock-up scenes of one-minute duration each: 12 scenes with movements and 10 without movements, of which 5 were emergency scenes ("lying dead-still, with no or very shallow breathing"). Blinded recordings were presented to an evaluation panel consisting of an experienced ICU nurse and a physician, who was asked to assess and rate the presence of motions. Results: Fifteen participants (nine women; 173 ± 7.0 cm; 78 ± 19 kg) joined the study. In total, 286 out of 330 scenes (86.7\%) were rated correctly. Ratings were false negative (FN: "no movements detected, but recorded") in 7 out of 180 motion scenes (3.9\%). Ratings were false positive (FP: "movements detected, but not recorded") in 37 out of 150 scenes (24.7\%), more often in men than women (26 out of 60 vs. 11 out of 90, respectively; p \&lt; 0.001). Of note, in 16 of these 37 FP-rated scenes, a vibrating mobile phone was identified as a potential confounder. The emergency scenes were correctly rated in 64 of the 75 runs (85.3\%); 10 of the 11 FP-rated scenes occurred in male subjects. Conclusions: The MD allowed for identifying motions of test subjects with high sensitivity (96\%) and acceptable specificity (75\%). Accuracy might increase further if activities are recorded continuously under real-world conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HiewEibeckNguemenietal.2023,
  author    = {Hiew, Shawn and Eibeck, Leila and Nguemeni, Carine and Zeller, Daniel},
  title     = {The influence of age and physical activity on locomotor adaptation},
  series = {Brain Sciences},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Brain Sciences},
  number    = {9},
  issn      = {2076-3425},
  doi       = {10.3390/brainsci13091266},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-362478},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Background: Aging increases individual susceptibility to falls and injuries, suggesting poorer adaptation of balance responses to perturbation during locomotion, which can be measured with the locomotor adaptation task (LAT). However, it is unclear how aging and lifestyle factors affect these responses during walking. Hence, the present study investigates the relationship between balance and lifestyle factors during the LAT in healthy individuals across the adult lifespan using a correlational design. Methods: Thirty participants aged 20-78 years performed an LAT on a split-belt treadmill (SBT). We evaluated the magnitude and rate of adaptation and deadaptation during the LAT. Participants reported their lifelong physical and cognitive activity. Results: Age positively correlated with gait-line length asymmetry at the late post-adaptation phase (p = 0.007). These age-related effects were mediated by recent physical activity levels (p = 0.040). Conclusion: Our results confirm that locomotor adaptive responses are preserved in aging, but the ability to deadapt newly learnt balance responses is compromised with age. Physical activity mediates these age-related effects. Therefore, gait symmetry post-adaptation could effectively measure the risk of falling, and maintaining physical activity could protect against declines in balance.},
  language  = {en}
}