@phdthesis{Laqua2024,
  author    = {Laqua, Caroline},
  title     = {Association of myocardial tissue characteristics and functional outcome in biopsy-verified myocarditis assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36390},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-363903},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The relation between LV function and cardiac MRI tissue characteristics in separate myocardial segments and their change over time has yet to be explored in myocarditis. Thus, our research aimed to investigate possible associations between global and regional myocardial T1 and T2 times and peak strain in patients with suspected myocarditis. From 2012 to 2015, 129 patients with clinically suspected myocarditis of the prospective, observational MyoRacer-Trial underwent systematic biventricular EMB at baseline and cardiac MRI at baseline and after three months as a follow-up. We divided the LV myocardium into 17 segments and estimated the segmental myocardial strain using FT. We registered T1 and T2 maps to the cine sequences and transferred the segmentations used for FT to ensure conformity of the myocardial segments. Multi-level multivariable linear mixed effects regression was applied to investigate the relation of segmental myocardial strain to relaxation times and their respective change from baseline to follow-up. We found a significant improvement in myocardial peak strain from baseline to follow-up (p < 0.001; all p-values given for likelihood ratio tests) and significant associations between higher T1 and T2 times and lower segmental myocardial peak strain (p ranging from < 0.001 to 0.049). E.g., regression coefficient (Reg. coef.) for segmental radial peak strain in short axis view (SRPS_SAX) and T1 time: -1.9, 95\% CI (-2.6;-1.2) \%/100 ms, p < 0.001. A decrease in T1 and T2 times from baseline to follow-up was also significantly related to a recovery of segmental peak strains (p ranging from < 0.001 to 0.050). E.g., Reg. coef. for SRPS_SAX per ΔT1: -1.8, 95\% CI (-2.5;-1.0) \%/100 ms, p < 0.001. Moreover, the higher the baseline T1 time, the more substantial the functional recovery from baseline to follow-up (p ranging from 0.004 to 0.042, e.g., for SRPS_SAX: Reg. coef. 1.3, 95\% CI (0.4;2.1) \%/100 ms, p 0.004). We did not find an effect modification by the presence of myocarditis in the EMB (p > 0.1). Our cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses provide evidence of dose-dependent correlations between T1 and T2 relaxation times and myocardial peak strain in patients with clinical presentation of myocarditis, regardless of the EMB result. Thus, assessing strain values and mapping relaxation times helps estimate the functional prognosis in patients with clinically suspected myocarditis.},
  subject      = {Myokarditis},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ŽutićMatosAbiagueScharfetal.2019,
  author    = {Žutić, Igor and Matos-Abiague, Alex and Scharf, Benedikt and Dery, Hanan and Belashchenko, Kirill},
  title     = {Proximitized materials},
  series = {Materials Today},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Materials Today},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.mattod.2018.05.003},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-233972},
  pages     = {85-107},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Advances in scaling down heterostructures and having an improved interface quality together with atomically thin two-dimensional materials suggest a novel approach to systematically design materials. A given material can be transformed through proximity effects whereby it acquires properties of its neighbors, for example, becoming superconducting, magnetic, topologically nontrivial, or with an enhanced spin-orbit coupling. Such proximity effects not only complement the conventional methods of designing materials by doping or functionalization but also can overcome their various limitations. In proximitized materials, it is possible to realize properties that are not present in any constituent region of the considered heterostructure. While the focus is on magnetic and spin-orbit proximity effects with their applications in spintronics, the outlined principles also provide a broader framework for employing other proximity effects to tailor materials and realize novel phenomena.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaluapuriHofstetterDudvarskiStankovicetal.2019,
  author    = {Baluapuri, Apoorva and Hofstetter, Julia and Dudvarski Stankovic, Nevenka and Endres, Theresa and Bhandare, Pranjali and Vos, Seychelle Monique and Adhikari, Bikash and Schwarz, Jessica Denise and Narain, Ashwin and Vogt, Markus and Wang, Shuang-Yan and D{\"u}ster, Robert and Jung, Lisa Anna and Vanselow, Jens Thorsten and Wiegering, Armin and Geyer, Matthias and Maric, Hans Michael and Gallant, Peter and Walz, Susanne and Schlosser, Andreas and Cramer, Patrick and Eilers, Martin and Wolf, Elmar},
  title     = {MYC Recruits SPT5 to RNA Polymerase II to Promote Processive Transcription Elongation},
  series = {Molecular Cell},
  volume    = {74},
  journal   = {Molecular Cell},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.molcel.2019.02.031},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-221438},
  pages     = {674-687},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The MYC oncoprotein binds to promoter-proximal regions of virtually all transcribed genes and enhances RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function, but its precise mode of action is poorly understood. Using mass spectrometry of both MYC and Pol II complexes, we show here that MYC controls the assembly of Pol II with a small set of transcription elongation factors that includes SPT5, a subunit of the elongation factor DSIF. MYC directly binds SPT5, recruits SPT5 to promoters, and enables the CDK7-dependent transfer of SPT5 onto Pol II. Consistent with known functions of SPT5, MYC is required for fast and processive transcription elongation. Intriguingly, the high levels of MYC that are expressed in tumors sequester SPT5 into non-functional complexes, thereby decreasing the expression of growth-suppressive genes. Altogether, these results argue that MYC controls the productive assembly of processive Pol II elongation complexes and provide insight into how oncogenic levels of MYC permit uncontrolled cellular growth.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{McCollGrollJungstetal.2018,
  author    = {McColl, Erin and Groll, J{\"u}rgen and Jungst, Tomasz and Dalton, Paul D.},
  title     = {Design and fabrication of melt electrowritten tubes using intuitive software},
  series = {Materials and Design},
  volume    = {155},
  journal   = {Materials and Design},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.matdes.2018.05.036},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-223891},
  pages     = {46-58},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {This study approaches the accurate continuous direct-writing onto a cylindrical collector from a mathematical perspective, taking into account the winding angle, cylinder diameter and length required for the final 3D printed tube. Using an additive manufacturing process termed melt electrowriting (MEW), porous tubes intended for tissue engineering applications are fabricated from medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), validating the mathematically-derived method. For the fabricated tubes in this study, the pore size, winding angle and printed length can all be planned in advance and manufactured as designed. The physical dimensions of the tubes matched theoretical predictions and mechanical testing performed demonstrated that variations in the tubular morphology have a direct impact on their strength. MEWTubes, the web-based application developed and described here, is a particularly useful tool for planning the complex continuous direct writing path required for MEW onto a rotating, cylindrical build surface.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Bossert2024,
  author    = {Bossert, Patrick},
  title     = {Statistical structure and inference methods for discrete high-frequency observations of SPDEs in one and multiple space dimensions},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36113},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-361130},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The focus of this thesis is on analysing a linear stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) with a bounded domain. The first part of the thesis commences with an examination of a one-dimensional SPDE. In this context, we construct estimators for the parameters of a parabolic SPDE based on discrete observations of a solution in time and space on a bounded domain. We establish central limit theorems for a high-frequency asymptotic regime, showing substantially smaller asymptotic variances compared to existing estimation methods. Moreover, asymptotic confidence intervals are directly feasible. Our approach builds upon realized volatilities and their asymptotic illustration as the response of a log-linear model with a spatial explanatory variable. This yields efficient estimators based on realized volatilities with optimal rates of convergence and minimal variances. We demonstrate our results by Monte Carlo simulations. Extending this framework, we analyse a second-order SPDE model in multiple space dimensions in the second part of this thesis and develop estimators for the parameters of this model based on discrete observations in time and space on a bounded domain. While parameter estimation for one and two spatial dimensions was established in recent literature, this is the first work that generalizes the theory to a general, multi-dimensional framework. Our methodology enables the construction of an oracle estimator for volatility within the underlying model. For proving central limit theorems, we use a high-frequency observation scheme. To showcase our results, we conduct a Monte Carlo simulation, highlighting the advantages of our novel approach in a multi-dimensional context.},
  subject      = {Stochastische partielle Differentialgleichung},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{KuklovskyformerFinke2024,
  author    = {Kuklovsky [former Finke], Valerie},
  title     = {Are some bees smarter than others? An examination of consistent individual differences in the cognitive abilities of honey bees},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-32301},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-323012},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Cognition refers to the ability to of animals to acquire, process, store and use vital information from the environment. Cognitive processes are necessary to predict the future and reduce the uncertainty of the ever-changing environment. Classically, research on animal cognition focuses on decisive cognitive tests to determine the capacity of a species by the testing the ability of a few individuals. This approach views variability between these tested key individuals as unwanted noise and is thus often neglected. However, inter-individual variability provides important insights to behavioral plasticity, cognitive specialization and brain modularity. Honey bees Apis mellifera are a robust and traditional model for the study of learning, memory and cognition due to their impressive capabilities and rich behavioral repertoire. In this thesis I have applied a novel view on the learning abilities of honey bees by looking explicitly at individual differences in a variety of learning tasks. Are some individual bees consistently smarter than some of her sisters? If so, will a smart individual always perform good independent of the time, the context and the cognitive requirements or do bees show distinct isolated 'cognitive modules'? My thesis presents the first comprehensive investigation of consistent individual differences in the cognitive abilities of honey bees. To speak of an individual as behaving consistently, a crucial step is to test the individual multiple times to examine the repeatability of a behavior. I show that free-flying bees remain consistent in a visual discrimination task for three consecutive days. Successively, I explored individual consistency in cognitive proficiency across tasks involving different sensory modalities, contexts and cognitive requirements. I found that free-flying bees show a cognitive specialization between visual and olfactory learning but remained consistent across a simple discrimination task and a complex concept learning task. I wished to further explore individual consistency with respect to tasks of different cognitive complexity, a question that has never been tackled before in an insect. I thus performed a series of four experiments using either visual or olfactory stimuli and a different training context (free-flying and restrained) and tested bees in a discrimination task, reversal learning and negative patterning. Intriguingly, across all these experiments I evidenced the same results: The bees' performances were consistent across the discrimination task and reversal learning and negative patterning respectively. No association was evidenced between reversal learning and negative patterning. After establishing the existence of consistent individual differences in the cognitive proficiency of honey bees I wished to determine factors which could underlie these differences. Since genetic components are known to underlie inter-individual variability in learning abilities, I studied the effects of genetics on consistency in cognitive proficiency by contrasting bees originating from either from a hive with a single patriline (low genetic diversity) or with multiple patrilines (high genetic diversity). These two groups of bees showed differences in the patterns of individually correlated performances, indicating a genetic component accounts for consistent cognitive individuality. Another major factor underlying variability in learning performances is the individual responsiveness to sucrose solution and to visual stimuli, as evidenced by many studies on restrained bees showing a positive correlation between responsiveness to task relevant stimuli and learning performances. I thus tested whether these relationships between sucrose/visual responsiveness and learning performances are applicable for free-flying bees. Free-flying bees were again subjected to reversal learning and negative patterning and subsequently tested in the laboratory for their responsiveness to sucrose and to light. There was no evidence of a positive relationship between sucrose/visual responsiveness and neither performances of free-flying bees in an elemental discrimination, reversal learning and negative patterning. These findings indicate that relationships established between responsiveness to task relevant stimuli and learning proficiency established in the laboratory with restrained bees might not hold true for a completely different behavioral context i.e. for free-flying bees in their natural environment. These results show that the honey bee is an excellent insect model to study consistency in cognitive proficiency and to identify the underlying factors. I mainly discuss the results with respect to the question of brain modularity in insects and the adaptive significance of individuality in cognitive abilities for honey bee colonies. I also provide a proposition of research questions which tie in this theme of consistent cognitive proficiency and could provide fruitful areas for future research.},
  subject      = {Lernen},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Endres2024,
  author    = {Endres, Erik},
  title     = {Kovalente Inhibitoren: Modellierung und Design},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-35933},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-359330},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Kovalente Inhibition stellt einen effektiven Weg dar, die Verweildauer des Liganden innerhalb einer Bindetasche zu erh{\"o}hen. In dieser Arbeit wurden theoretische Methoden angewendet, um die Reaktivit{\"a}t und den nichtkovalenten Zustand vor der Reaktion zu modellieren. Im Rahmen einer Fallstudie zu Cathepsin K wurden nichtkovalente Modelle von kovalenten Inhibitoren generiert. F{\"u}r verschiedene Komplexe aus Cathepsin K und einem kovalent gebundenem Liganden wurde der Zustand vor der Reaktion modelliert und dessen Stabilit{\"a}t im Rahmen einer klassischen MD-Simulation {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Die Stabilit{\"a}t des Warheads in der Bindetasche hing haupts{\"a}chlich vom gew{\"a}hlten Protonierungszustand der katalytischen Aminos{\"a}uren ab. F{\"u}r eine Reihe von Inhibitoren der ChlaDUB1 wurde ein Protokoll aus quantenmechanischen Rechnungen genutzt, um die Reaktivit{\"a}t verschiedener Warheads abzusch{\"a}tzen. Die erhaltenen Aktivierungsenergien korrelierten mit experimentell bestimmten Raten zur Inaktivierung des Enzyms. Im Rahmen eines Wirkstoffdesign-Projektes zur Deubiquitinase USP28 wurden von unpublizierten Kristallstrukturen ausgehend erste Docking-Experimente durchgef{\"u}hrt. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass ein literaturbekannter Inhibitor von USP28 mit einem Warhead so modifiziert werden kann, dass die reaktive Einheit in direkter Nachbarschaft zu einem Cystein positioniert wird. F{\"u}r diese Warheads wurden ebenfalls quantenmechanische Rechnungen zur Bestimmung der Aktivierungsenergie durchgef{\"u}hrt. Um besser nachvollziehen zu k{\"o}nnen, warum bei einem Photoswitch-Inhibitor der Butyrylcholin-Esterase der cis-Zustand des Molek{\"u}ls besser inhibiert als der trans-Zustand, wurde eine Docking-Studie des Zustandes vor der Reaktion durchgef{\"u}hrt. Es konnte ein qualitatives Modell aufgestellt werden, das zeigt, dass der trans-Zustand aufgrund seiner l{\"a}ngeren Form mit wichtigen Aminos{\"a}uren am Eingang der Bindungstasche kollidiert.},
  subject      = {Molekulardynamik},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{OPUS4-37080,
  title     = {Interview mit Prof. Dr. Marina Ortrud Hertrampf},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  editor    = {Hesselbach, Robert},
  issn      = {2510-2613},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-370808},
  pages     = {7-13},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Interview mit Prof. Dr. Marina Ortrud Hertrampf},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ColungaHayworthKressetal.2019,
  author    = {Colunga, Thomas and Hayworth, Miranda and Kreß, Sebastian and Reynolds, David M. and Chen, Luoman and Nazor, Kristopher L. and Baur, Johannes and Singh, Amar M. and Loring, Jeanne F. and Metzger, Marco and Dalton, Stephen},
  title     = {Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Multipotent Vascular Progenitors of the Mesothelium Lineage Have Utility in Tissue Engineering and Repair},
  series = {Cell Reports},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Cell Reports},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.016},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-223217},
  pages     = {2566-2579},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In this report we describe a human pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular progenitor (MesoT) cell of the mesothelium lineage. MesoT cells are multipotent and generate smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and pericytes and self-assemble into vessel-like networks in vitro. MesoT cells transplanted into mechanically damaged neonatal mouse heart migrate into the injured tissue and contribute to nascent coronary vessels in the repair zone. When seeded onto decellularized vascular scaffolds, MesoT cells differentiate into the major vascular lineages and self-assemble into vasculature capable of supporting peripheral blood flow following transplantation. These findings demonstrate in vivo functionality and the potential utility of MesoT cells in vascular engineering applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BecherAndresPonsRomanovetal.2018,
  author    = {Becher, Isabelle and Andr{\´e}s-Pons, Amparo and Romanov, Natalie and Stein, Frank and Schramm, Maike and Baudin, Florence and Helm, Dominic and Kurzawa, Nils and Mateus, Andr{\´e} and Mackmull, Marie-Therese and Typas, Athanasios and M{\"u}ller, Christoph W. and Bork, Peer and Beck, Martin and Savitski, Mikhail M.},
  title     = {Pervasive Protein Thermal Stability Variation during the Cell Cycle},
  series = {Cell},
  volume    = {173},
  journal   = {Cell},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.053},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-221565},
  pages     = {1495-1507},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Quantitative mass spectrometry has established proteome-wide regulation of protein abundance and post-translational modifications in various biological processes. Here, we used quantitative mass spectrometry to systematically analyze the thermal stability and solubility of proteins on a proteome-wide scale during the eukaryotic cell cycle. We demonstrate pervasive variation of these biophysical parameters with most changes occurring in mitosis and G1. Various cellular pathways and components vary in thermal stability, such as cell-cycle factors, polymerases, and chromatin remodelers. We demonstrate that protein thermal stability serves as a proxy for enzyme activity, DNA binding, and complex formation in situ. Strikingly, a large cohort of intrinsically disordered and mitotically phosphorylated proteins is stabilized and solubilized in mitosis, suggesting a fundamental remodeling of the biophysical environment of the mitotic cell. Our data represent a rich resource for cell, structural, and systems biologists interested in proteome regulation during biological transitions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KieferTrumppSchaitzetal.2019,
  author    = {Kiefer, Markus and Trumpp, Natalie M. and Schaitz, Caroline and Reuss, Heiko and Kunde, Wilfried},
  title     = {Attentional modulation of masked semantic priming by visible and masked task cues},
  series = {Cognition},
  volume    = {187},
  journal   = {Cognition},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.cognition.2019.02.013},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-325751},
  pages     = {62-77},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In contrast to classical theories of cognitive control, recent evidence suggests that cognitive control and unconscious automatic processing influence each other. First, masked semantic priming, an index of unconscious automatic processing, depends on attention to semantics induced by a previously executed task. Second, cognitive control operations (e.g., implementation of task sets indicating how to process a particular stimulus) can be activated by masked task cues, presented outside awareness. In this study, we combined both lines of research. We investigated in three experiments whether induction tasks and presentation of visible or masked task cues, which signal subsequent semantic or perceptual tasks but do not require induction task execution, comparably modulate masked semantic priming. In line with previous research, priming was consistently larger following execution of a semantic rather than a perceptual induction task. However, we observed in experiment 1 (masked letter cues) a reversed priming pattern following task cues (larger priming following cues signaling perceptual tasks) compared to induction tasks. Experiment 2 (visible letter cues) and experiment 3 (visible color cues) showed that this reversed priming pattern depended only on apriori associations between task cues and task elements (task set dominance), but neither on awareness nor on the verbal or non-verbal format of the cues. These results indicate that task cues have the power to modulate subsequent masked semantic priming through attentional mechanisms. Task-set dominance conceivably affects the time course of task set activation and inhibition in response to task cues and thus the direction of their modulatory effects on priming.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ChhatbarDetjeGrabskietal.2018,
  author    = {Chhatbar, Chintan and Detje, Claudia N. and Grabski, Elena and Borst, Katharina and Spanier, Julia and Ghita, Luca and Elliott, David A. and Jord{\~a}o, Marta Joana Costa and Mueller, Nora and Sutton, James and Prajeeth, Chittappen K. and Gudi, Viktoria and Klein, Michael A. and Prinz, Marco and Bradke, Frank and Stangel, Martin and Kalinke, Ulrich},
  title     = {Type I Interferon Receptor Signaling of Neurons and Astrocytes Regulates Microglia Activation during Viral Encephalitis},
  series = {Cell Reports},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {Cell Reports},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.003},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-222456},
  pages     = {118-129},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In sterile neuroinflammation, a pathological role is proposed for microglia, whereas in viral encephalitis, their function is not entirely clear. Many viruses exploit the odorant system and enter the CNS via the olfactory bulb (OB). Upon intranasal vesicular stomatitis virus instillation, we show an accumulation of activated microglia and monocytes in the OB. Depletion of microglia during encephalitis results in enhanced virus spread and increased lethality. Activation, proliferation, and accumulation of microglia are regulated by type I IFN receptor signaling of neurons and astrocytes, but not of microglia. Morphological analysis of myeloid cells shows that type I IFN receptor signaling of neurons has a stronger impact on the activation of myeloid cells than of astrocytes. Thus, in the infected CNS, the cross talk among neurons, astrocytes, and microglia is critical for full microglia activation and protection from lethal encephalitis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MooijvanWijkBeusenetal.2019,
  author    = {Mooij, Wolf M and van Wijk, Dianneke and Beusen, Arthur HW and Brederveld, Robert J and Chang, Manqi and Cobben, Marleen MP and DeAngelis, Don L and Downing, Andrea S and Green, Pamela and Gsell, Alena S and Huttunen, Inese and Janse, Jan H and Janssen, Annette BG and Hengeveld, Geerten M and Kong, Xiangzhen and Kramer, Lilith and Kuiper, Jan J and Langan, Simon J and Nolet, Bart A and Nuijten, Rascha JM and Strokal, Maryna and Troost, Tineke A and van Dam, Anne A and Teurlincx, Sven},
  title     = {Modeling water quality in the Anthropocene: directions for the next-generation aquatic ecosystem models},
  series = {Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability},
  volume    = {36},
  journal   = {Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.cosust.2018.10.012},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-224173},
  pages     = {85-95},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {"Everything changes and nothing stands still" (Heraclitus). Here we review three major improvements to freshwater aquatic ecosystem models — and ecological models in general — as water quality scenario analysis tools towards a sustainable future. To tackle the rapid and deeply connected dynamics characteristic of the Anthropocene, we argue for the inclusion of eco-evolutionary, novel ecosystem and social-ecological dynamics. These dynamics arise from adaptive responses in organisms and ecosystems to global environmental change and act at different integration levels and different time scales. We provide reasons and means to incorporate each improvement into aquatic ecosystem models. Throughout this study we refer to Lake Victoria as a microcosm of the evolving novel social-ecological systems of the Anthropocene. The Lake Victoria case clearly shows how interlinked eco-evolutionary, novel ecosystem and social-ecological dynamics are, and demonstrates the need for transdisciplinary research approaches towards global sustainability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KuschBornscheinLorethetal.2018,
  author    = {Kusch, Valentin and Bornschein, Grit and Loreth, Desiree and Bank, Julia and Jordan, Johannes and Baur, David and Watanabe, Masahiko and Kulik, Akos and Heckmann, Manfred and Eilers, Jens and Schmidt, Hartmut},
  title     = {Munc13-3 Is Required for the Developmental Localization of Ca2+ Channels to Active Zones and the Nanopositioning of Cav2.1 Near Release Sensors},
  series = {Cell Reports},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Cell Reports},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.010},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-233468},
  pages     = {1965-1973},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Spatial relationships between Cav channels and release sensors at active zones (AZs) are a major determinant of synaptic fidelity. They are regulated developmentally, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. Here, we show that Munc13-3 regulates the density of Cav2.1 and Cav2.2 channels, alters the localization of Cav2.1, and is required for the development of tight, nanodomain coupling at parallel-fiber AZs. We combined EGTA application and Ca2+-channel pharmacology in electrophysiological and two-photon Ca2+ imaging experiments with quantitative freeze-fracture immunoelectron microscopy and mathematical modeling. We found that a normally occurring developmental shift from release being dominated by Ca2+ influx through Cav2.1 and Cav2.2 channels with domain overlap and loose coupling (microdomains) to a nanodomain Cav2.1 to sensor coupling is impaired in Munc13-3-deficient synapses. Thus, at AZs lacking Munc13-3, release remained triggered by Cav2.1 and Cav2.2 microdomains, suggesting a critical role of Munc13-3 in the formation of release sites with calcium channel nanodomains.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GerberKoenigFendtetal.2019,
  author    = {Gerber, Bertram and K{\"o}nig, Christian and Fendt, Markus and Andreatta, Marta and Romanos, Marcel and Pauli, Paul and Yarali, Ayse},
  title     = {Timing-dependent valence reversal: a principle of reinforcement processing and its possible implications},
  series = {Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.12.001},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-232933},
  pages     = {114-120},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Punishment feels bad, but relief upon its termination feels good. As a consequence of such timing-dependent valence reversal, memories of opposite valence can result from associating stimulus A with, for example, the occurrence of punishment (A-) versus punishment termination (-A): A- training results in aversive memory, but -A training in appetitive memory (corresponding effects exist for reward occurrence and termination). Whereas learning through the occurrence of punishment is well studied, much less is known about learning through its termination. Current research investigates how dopaminergic system function contributes to these processes in Drosophila, rats and humans. We argue that dopamine-related psychopathology may entail distortions in learning through punishment termination, and that this may contribute, for example, to non-suicidal self-injury or post-traumatic stress disorder.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Fleissner2024,
  author    = {Fleißner, Janik Frank Hans-Werner},
  title     = {Die Bedeutung von Oncostatin M f{\"u}r die Lipidhom{\"o}ostase Apoe- und Ldlr-deletierter M{\"a}use},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-28059},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-280592},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {OSM, ein Vertreter der IL-6-Typ-Zytokine, ist nicht nur f{\"u}r entz{\"u}ndliche, sondern auch f{\"u}r metabolische Prozesse von Bedeutung. Vorarbeiten der Arbeitsgruppe GEIER/HERMANNS und Studien von KOMORI et al. legen protektive Eigenschaften des Zytokins nahe, da M{\"a}use, denen OSMR fehlte, Charakteristika des metabolischen Syndroms aufwiesen. Zur eingehenderen Untersuchung der von OSM vermittelten Wirkung auf den murinen Lipidstoffwechsel wurden zwei f{\"u}r die NAFLD und Atherosklerose anf{\"a}llige Modelle herangezogen und jeweils in Gegenwart und Abwesenheit des Osmr studiert: Weibliche Apoe-/-(Osmr-/-) und Ldlr-/-(Osmr-/-) M{\"a}use wurden {\"u}ber einen Zeitraum von zw{\"o}lf Wochen mit westlicher Di{\"a}t gef{\"u}ttert, w{\"o}chentlich gewogen, am Ende der Di{\"a}t geopfert und geerntet. Wildtypische C57Bl/6-M{\"a}use erfuhren die gleiche Behandlung und dienten als Referenzgruppe. Im Rahmen des Promotionsprojektes wurden Leberfettgehalt, Serumlipidspiegel, Lipoproteinfraktionen und Stuhllipide von Apoe-deletierten M{\"a}usen bestimmt und mit bereits vorhandenen Daten der Ldlr-/-(Osmr-/-) und wildtypischen M{\"a}use in Beziehung gesetzt. Expressionsanalysen von am Lipidstoffwechsel beteiligten Genen in Darm-, Leber- und Fettgewebe trugen dazu bei, OSM-abh{\"a}ngige Regulationen aufzudecken. Ldlr-/- Tiere nahmen unter der Di{\"a}t exzessiv zu, hatten hohe Serumspiegel an Leptin, Gluco-se und Lipiden, eine Lebersteatose und, begleitet von einer Induktion des Vldlr, erh{\"o}hte inflammatorische Marker im visceralen Fettgewebe. Der zus{\"a}tzliche Knockout des Osmr ging mit einer geringeren Vldlr-Expression im Fettgewebe und einer hepatozyt{\"a}ren Induktion von Cyp7a1 einher und resultierte in einem metabolisch g{\"u}nstigeren Ph{\"a}notyp. Apoe-defiziente Tiere unterschieden sich hinsichtlich ihrer Gewichtszunahme nicht von Ldlr-/-Osmr-/- und C57Bl/6-M{\"a}usen. {\"U}berraschenderweise zeigten sich im Serum von Apoe-/-Osmr-/- jedoch gegen{\"u}ber Apoe-/- M{\"a}usen erh{\"o}hte Konzentrationen des Gesamt- und VLDL-Cholesterins, der Triglyceride und freien Fetts{\"a}uren. Obwohl Lebern der Apoe-/-Osmr-/- M{\"a}use geringere Ldlr- und Lrp1-mRNA-Spiegel als die der Apoe-/- M{\"a}use aufwiesen, hatten sie einen h{\"o}heren hepatischen Cholesteringehalt. Bei gesteigerter Cpt1a-Expression fiel der hepatische Tri-glyceridgehalt Apoe-deletierter M{\"a}use geringer aus als in Ldlr-/-(Osmr-/-) und wildtypischen Tieren. Unter Umgehung einer Fettgewebsentz{\"u}ndung pr{\"a}sentierten Apoe-defiziente M{\"a}use Hinweise einer inflammatorischen Lebersch{\"a}digung, die pathogenetisch am ehesten mit einer gest{\"o}rten Cholesterinhom{\"o}ostase in Verbindung zu bringen war. Abh{\"a}ngig vom genetischen Hintergrund des Mausmodells hatte OSM sch{\"u}tzende oder sch{\"a}dliche Effekte auf den Lipidmetabolismus. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit betonen die entscheidende Bedeutung entz{\"u}ndlicher, von OSM modulierter Prozesse f{\"u}r den Fettstoffwechsel in Leber- und Fettgewebe. Weiterf{\"u}hrende Experimente sind n{\"o}tig, um die den Beobachtungen zugrunde liegenden molekularen Mechanismen zu entschl{\"u}sseln.},
  subject      = {Apolipoprotein E},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{DasgebNitschke2024,
  author    = {Das [geb. Nitschke], Felix Marcel},
  title     = {DNA-Methylierung und Genexpression von FKPB5 als Teil des Stresshormonsystems bei von Depressionen und Herzinsuffizienz Betroffenen sowie gesunden Kontrollen},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36973},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-369730},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {FKBP5 stellt im Stresssystem der HPA-Achse ein zentrales Gen bei der Regulation der Sensitivit{\"a}t des Glukokortikoidrezeptors und somit der Reaktion auf Stress dar. Zur Adaptation an Umwelteinfl{\"u}sse ist es selbst in ein komplexes System von Regulationsmechanismen eingebettet, die unter anderem epigenetische Modifikationen in Form von DNA-Methylierung umfassen. Bisherige Studien legen eine starke Assoziation von FKBP5 zu stressinduzierten psychischen Erkrankungen nahe und weisen auf eine Dysregulation der HPA-Achse als m{\"o}glichen Pathomechanismus hin. F{\"u}r die enge klinische Interaktion von Depression und Herzinsuffizienz sowie eine ebenfalls vermutete Rolle der HPA-Achse in der Pathogenese letzterer, k{\"o}nnte FKBP5 daher ein entscheidendes Bindeglied darstellen. Gleichzeitig bietet die Identifikation einer {\"u}ber FKBP5 ausgedr{\"u}ckten Dysregulation der HPA-Achse einen biologischen Befund, der als Marker f{\"u}r das Ansprechen einer antidepressiven Therapie herangezogen werden k{\"o}nnte. Ziel dieser Arbeit war daher die Untersuchung eines m{\"o}glichen Einflusses regulatorischer Parameter von FKBP5 auf die Herzinsuffizienz sowie eine Pr{\"u}fung dieser als m{\"o}gliche Biomarker f{\"u}r einen Erfolg der antidepressiven Therapie. Dazu wurden Blutproben von ProbandInnen der GEParD- bzw. DaCFail-Studie mit Depression, Herzinsuffizienz sowie gesunde Kontrollen untersucht. Durch Pyrosequenzierung bisulfitkonvertierter DNA erfolgte die Bestimmung der Methylierung regulatorischer CpGs. Die Messung der relativen mRNA-Expression erfolgte durch den Einsatz einer qPCR. In der Auswertung fand sich keine differentielle mRNA-Expression oder Methylierung zwischen den vier Untersuchungsgruppen. Allerdings reagierten depressive PatientInnen verglichen mit der Kontrollgruppe mit einer geringeren Zunahme der mRNA-Expression als Reaktion auf den mDST. Das Therapieansprechen in der Depressionsgruppe wiederum war mit einer niedrigeren Methylierung auf CpG7 sowie einer h{\"o}heren mRNA-Expression zu Therapiebeginn assoziiert. Im Behandlungsverlauf f{\"u}hrte eine Abnahme der mRNA-Expression bei den Respondern zu einer Ann{\"a}herung beider Gruppen. Diese Arbeit konnte keine Hinweise f{\"u}r eine Rolle von FKBP5 in der Pathogenese der Herzinsuffizienz finden. Allerdings zeigten die Befunde zur Regulation des Gens bei Glukokortikoidstimulation eine hohe Konstanz zu vorherigen Ergebnissen. In diesen Kontext reihen sich auch die Ergebnisse f{\"u}r das Therapieansprechen ein, die aufgrund einer Herabregulation der HPA-Achse im Therapieverlauf die Idee einer urs{\"a}chlichen HPA-Dysregulation in der Gruppe der Responder bekr{\"a}ftigen. F{\"u}r sich allein genommen lassen sich mRNA-Expression und Methylierung aufgrund mangelnder Sensitivit{\"a}t und Spezifit{\"a}t nicht als Biomarker f{\"u}r das Therapieansprechen einsetzen. Die bisherigen Befunde best{\"a}rken aber eine m{\"o}gliche Rolle in einer Batterie unterschiedlicher Biomarker auf verschiedenen Ebenen, wie Klinik, Psychometrie und Physiologie.},
  subject      = {Gen FKBP5},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Woidich2024,
  author    = {Woidich, Robert},
  title     = {Einfluss von IL-17 auf die Stabilit{\"a}t und Funktion von regulatorischen T-Zellen},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-37019},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-370199},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {In der Pathogenese der Psoriasis spielen IL 17 und die Plastizit{\"a}t von Tregs zu Th17 Zellen mit Produktion proinflammatorischer Zytokine sowie die m{\"o}glicherweise reduzierte suppressive Funktion von Tregs eine entscheidende Rolle. Wir versuchten daher in unserer Arbeit einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die T Zellverteilung im peripherem Blut bei PSO und HC zu erhalten und die Reaktion der Zellen auf IL 17, anti IL 17 und Secukinumab sowie ein Th 17 induzierendes Milieu im Vergleich von PSO und HC zu evaluieren. In der Analyse der PBMCs von PSO und HC konnten bei PSO tendenziell weniger inflammatorische Marker, wahrscheinlich aufgrund der niedrigen Krankheitsaktivit{\"a}t und der bereits eingeleiteten medikament{\"o}sen Therapie festgestellt werden. Nach Isolierung der Tregs und Kultivierung konnten bei PSO im Vergleich zu HC erh{\"o}hte inflammatorische Marker nachgewiesen werden. Dies kann an der h{\"o}heren Plastizit{\"a}t von Tregs bei PSO ex vivo ohne den Einfluss einer medikament{\"o}sen Therapie hin zu inflammatorischen Zellen. In den Suppressionsversuchen zeigte sich sowohl bei PSO als auch bei HC unter Th17 Milieu eine verminderte Inhibition der PBMCs durch die autologen Tregs. Urs{\"a}chlich hierf{\"u}r k{\"o}nnte eine Dysregulation der Tregs durch das Th17 Milieu oder eine Auswirkung des Th17-induzierenden Cocktails auf die PBMCs im Sinne einer Effektorresistenz gegen{\"u}ber den Tregs sein. Eine Ver{\"a}nderung der Suppression ergab sich f{\"u}r IL 17 oder anti IL 17 nicht. Unter der gleichzeitigen Kultivierung mit Secukinumab und einem Th17 induzierendem Cocktail konnte keine verbesserte Inhibition festgestellt werden. Insgesamt best{\"a}tigt die Arbeit eine Instabilit{\"a}t der Tregs bei PSO mit der M{\"o}glichkeit der Plastizit{\"a}t zu Th17 Zellen unter proinflammatorischem Milieu, sowie einen Verlust der Suppressionsf{\"a}higkeit durch eine Treg Dysfunktion oder eine erh{\"o}hte Effektorresistenz. F{\"u}r IL 17 oder die Blockade von IL 17 durch monoklonale Antik{\"o}rper konnte in unserer Studie kein Einfluss festgestellt werden.},
  subject      = {Regulatorischer T-Lymphozyt},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Wucherpfennig2024,
  author    = {Wucherpfennig, Sophia},
  title     = {HTS (high-throughput drug screening) zur Untersuchung der Blut-Hirn-Schranken-Permeabilit{\"a}t in vitro beim zerebral metastasierten Mammakarzinom},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36996},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-369964},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Die Blut-Hirn-Schranke (BHS) stellt eine selektiv durchl{\"a}ssige Barriere dar, die den Austausch von Stoffen zwischen Blut und ZNS kontrolliert und so neuroprotektiv wirkt. Sie verhindert allerdings nicht nur die Passage toxischer Metaboliten, sondern verwehrt auch vielen therapeutischen Wirkstoffen den Zugang zum Gehirn. Die Forschung an Methoden zum Erreichen h{\"o}herer Arzneimittelkonzentrationen im Gehirn ist deshalb essenziell f{\"u}r die Behandlung zerebraler Erkrankungen wie dem zerebral metastasierten Mammakarzinom. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es deshalb, Wirkstoffe zu identifizieren, die die Permeabilit{\"a}t der BHS erh{\"o}hen. Die Substanzdatenbank LO1208 von Sigma-Aldrich wurde im Rahmen eines HTS auf ihre permeabilit{\"a}tsbeeinflussenden Eigenschaften untersucht. Hierbei konnten 31 Substanzen identifiziert werden, welche die Permeabilit{\"a}t von BLECs um mindestens 50 \% erh{\"o}hen. Aus diesen wurden 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimid (PARP-Inhibitor) und GW2974 (TKI) f{\"u}r eine genauere Analyse ausgew{\"a}hlt. Als dritter Wirkstoff wurde Ibuilast (Inhibitor der PDE4, des MIF sowie des Toll-like-Rezeptor-4) untersucht, wobei dieser keine signifikante Ver{\"a}nderung der Permeabilit{\"a}t bewirkt. Die Messung des TEERs und der Permeabilit{\"a}t f{\"u}r Fluorescein best{\"a}tigten die Ergebnisse aus dem HTS, welches demnach zuk{\"u}nftig f{\"u}r Permeabilit{\"a}tstests eingesetzt werden kann. Die Zellviabilit{\"a}t wird durch 4 Amino-1,8-naphthalmid nicht beeinflusst. GW2974 und Ibudilast zeigen bei 500 µM einen toxischen Einfluss auf MCF-7-Zellen. BLECs werden durch 100 µM GW2974 gehemmt. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die erh{\"o}hte Permeabilit{\"a}t mit einer Ver{\"a}nderung der TJ-Proteinexpression einhergeht. 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimid senkt die Expression von Occludin auf mRNA- und Proteinebene. GW2974 vermindert zus{\"a}tzlich die Expression von VE-Cadherin, Claudin-5 und ZO-1. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurde die Wirkung auf Effluxpumpen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse der mRNA- und Protein-expression weichen voneinander ab, weshalb eine genauere Untersuchung der Translationsvorg{\"a}nge sinnvoll erscheint. Glut-1 wird in GW2974 behandelten Zellen {\"u}berexprimiert, was auf eine erh{\"o}hte Aktivit{\"a}t der BLECs hinweist. GW2974 und 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimid k{\"o}nnten durch ihre permeabilit{\"a}tssteigernde Wirkung die Ansprechrate einer systemischen Behandlung von PatientInnen mit einem zerebral metastasierten Mammakarzinom erh{\"o}hen und somit ihre Prognose verbessern. Detaillierte Studien zu Kombinationstherapien, den notwendigen Wirkstoff-konzentrationen und eventuellen negativen neurologischen Wirkungen sollten erwogen werden.},
  subject      = {Blut-Hirn-Schranke},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Stark2024,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Stark, Luise},
  title     = {Flechten erz{\"a}hlen. Eine kulturanthropologische Studie {\"u}ber allt{\"a}gliche {\"A}sthetiken},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36978},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-369784},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  pages     = {105},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Als Systemsprenger menschlicher Ordnungen und Wissenschaftstraditionen finden sich Flechten auf der ganzen Welt und bleiben doch oft unbemerkt. Das macht den Symbionten aus Pilz und Alge in urbanen, l{\"a}ndlichen und digitalen R{\"a}umen interessant f{\"u}r eine alltagswissenschaftliche Untersuchung. Menschliche Geschichten {\"u}ber Flechten sind gef{\"u}llt mit Vermutungen, H{\"o}rensagen und Assoziationen. Denn augenscheinlich sind Flechten in Deutschland wieder auf dem Vormarsch, sitzen vermehrt in den geliebten Obstb{\"a}umen, erobern Denkm{\"a}ler oder die heimischen Terrassen. Der Pilz im Symbionten wird als Gefahr f{\"u}r Leib und Leben erz{\"a}hlt, die pflanzliche Alge hingegen als Schmuck und nat{\"u}rliches Heilmittel. Ihre Auf- und Abwertung gibt viel {\"u}ber die Ordnungen des Anthropoz{\"a}ns preis. Kommen die Flechten selbst zu Wort, verfliegen diese kurzweiligen Narrative. Unbemerkt schaffen sie es durch das Bewachsen und Einf{\"a}rben von Oberfl{\"a}chen, dass Menschen R{\"a}ume anders lesen. Flechten geben uns nicht nur ein Gef{\"u}hl von Zeit, die schon vergangen ist, sondern formen redundante Wege von Wasser, Licht und Ber{\"u}hrung nach. Anhand der Flechte als {\"a}sthetischer Erfahrung wird hier ihre enorme Wirkmacht auf menschliche Alltage herausgearbeitet.},
  subject      = {Flechten},
  language  = {de}
}