@article{OPUS4-31409,
  title     = {Electron and photon energy calibration with the ATLAS detector using 2015-2016 LHC proton-proton collision data},
  series = {Journal of Instrumentation},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Journal of Instrumentation},
  organization    = {The ATLAS Collaboration},
  doi       = {10.1088/1748-0221/14/03/P03017},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-314093},
  pages     = {1-58},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {This paper presents the electron and photon energy calibration obtained with the ATLAS detector using about 36 fb(-1) of LHC proton-proton collision data recorded at root s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. The different calibration steps applied to the data and the optimization of the reconstruction of electron and photon energies are discussed. The absolute energy scale is set using a large sample of Z boson decays into electron-positron pairs. The systematic uncertainty in the energy scale calibration varies between 0.03\% to 0.2\% in most of the detector acceptance for electrons with transverse momentum close to 45 GeV. For electrons with transverse momentum of 10 GeV the typical uncertainty is 0.3\% to 0.8\% and it varies between 0.25\% and 1\% for photons with transverse momentum around 60 GeV. Validations of the energy calibration with J/psi -> e(+)e(-) decays and radiative Z boson decays are also presented.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HartkeSprengerSahmetal.2019,
  author    = {Hartke, Juliane and Sprenger, Philipp P. and Sahm, Jacqueline and Winterberg, Helena and Orivel, J{\´e}r{\^o}me and Baur, Hannes and Beuerle, Till and Schmitt, Thomas and Feldmeyer, Barbara and Menzel, Florian},
  title     = {Cuticular hydrocarbons as potential mediators of cryptic species divergence in a mutualistic ant association},
  series = {Ecology and Evolution},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Ecology and Evolution},
  doi       = {10.1002/ece3.5464},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-227857},
  pages     = {9160-9176},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Upon advances in sequencing techniques, more and more morphologically identical organisms are identified as cryptic species. Often, mutualistic interactions are proposed as drivers of diversification. Species of the neotropical parabiotic ant association between Crematogaster levior and Camponotus femoratus are known for highly diverse cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles, which in insects serve as desiccation barrier but also as communication cues. In the present study, we investigated the association of the ants' CHC profiles with genotypes and morphological traits, and discovered cryptic species pairs in both genera. To assess putative niche differentiation between the cryptic species, we conducted an environmental association study that included various climate variables, canopy cover, and mutualistic plant species. Although mostly sympatric, the two Camponotus species seem to prefer different climate niches. However in the two Crematogaster species, we could not detect any differences in niche preference. The strong differentiation in the CHC profiles may thus suggest a possible role during speciation itself either by inducing assortative mating or by reinforcing sexual selection after the speciation event. We did not detect any further niche differences in the environmental parameters tested. Thus, it remains open how the cryptic species avoid competitive exclusion, with scope for further investigations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FrantzFalcaoPiresBalligandetal.2018,
  author    = {Frantz, Stefan and Falcao-Pires, Ines and Balligand, Jean-Luc and Bauersachs, Johann and Brutsaert, Dirk and Ciccarelli, Michele and Dawson, Dana and de Windt, Leon J. and Giacca, Mauro and Hamdani, Nazha and Hilfiker-Kleiner, Denise and Hirsch, Emilio and Leite-Moreira, Adelino and Mayr, Manuel and Thum, Thomas and Tocchetti, Carlo G. and van der Velden, Jolanda and Varricchi, Gilda and Heymans, Stephane},
  title     = {The innate immune system in chronic cardiomyopathy: a European Society of Cardiology (ESC) scientific statement from the Working Group on Myocardial Function of the ESC},
  series = {European Journal of Heart Failure},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {European Journal of Heart Failure},
  doi       = {10.1002/ejhf.1138},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229091},
  pages     = {445-459},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Activation of the immune system in heart failure (HF) has been recognized for over 20 years. Initially, experimental studies demonstrated a maladaptive role of the immune system. However, several phase III trials failed to show beneficial effects in HF with therapies directed against an immune activation. Preclinical studies today describe positive and negative effects of immune activation in HF. These different effects depend on timing and aetiology of HF. Therefore, herein we give a detailed review on immune mechanisms and their importance for the development of HF with a special focus on commonalities and differences between different forms of cardiomyopathies. The role of the immune system in ischaemic, hypertensive, diabetic, toxic, viral, genetic, peripartum, and autoimmune cardiomyopathy is discussed in depth. Overall, initial damage to the heart leads to disease specific activation of the immune system whereas in the chronic phase of HF overlapping mechanisms occur in different aetiologies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{deBoerDeKeulenaerBauersachsetal.2019,
  author    = {de Boer, Rudolf A. and De Keulenaer, Gilles and Bauersachs, Johann and Brutsaert, Dirk and Cleland, John G. and Diez, Javier and Du, Xiao-Jun and Ford, Paul and Heinzel, Frank R. and Lipson, Kenneth E. and McDonagh, Theresa and Lopez-Andres, Natalia and Lunde, Ida G. and Lyon, Alexander R. and Pollesello, Piero and Prasad, Sanjay K. and Tocchetti, Carlo G. and Mayr, Manuel and Sluijter, Joost P. G. and Thum, Thomas and Tsch{\"o}pe, Carsten and Zannad, Faiez and Zimmermann, Wolfram-Hubertus and Ruschitzka, Frank and Filippatos, Gerasimos and Lindsey, Merry L. and Maack, Christoph and Heymans, Stephane},
  title     = {Towards better definition, quantification and treatment of fibrosis in heart failure. A scientific roadmap by the Committee of Translational Research of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology},
  series = {European Journal of Heart Failure},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {European Journal of Heart Failure},
  doi       = {10.1002/ejhf.1406},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-223613},
  pages     = {272-285},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Fibrosis is a pivotal player in heart failure development and progression. Measurements of (markers of) fibrosis in tissue and blood may help to diagnose and risk stratify patients with heart failure, and its treatment may be effective in preventing heart failure and its progression. A lack of pathophysiological insights and uniform definitions has hampered the research in fibrosis and heart failure. The Translational Research Committee of the Heart Failure Association discussed several aspects of fibrosis in their workshop. Early insidious perturbations such as subclinical hypertension or inflammation may trigger first fibrotic events, while more dramatic triggers such as myocardial infarction and myocarditis give rise to full blown scar formation and ongoing fibrosis in diseased hearts. Aging itself is also associated with a cardiac phenotype that includes fibrosis. Fibrosis is an extremely heterogeneous phenomenon, as several stages of the fibrotic process exist, each with different fibrosis subtypes and a different composition of various cells and proteins — resulting in a very complex pathophysiology. As a result, detection of fibrosis, e.g. using current cardiac imaging modalities or plasma biomarkers, will detect only specific subforms of fibrosis, but cannot capture all aspects of the complex fibrotic process. Furthermore, several anti-fibrotic therapies are under investigation, but such therapies generally target aspecific aspects of the fibrotic process and suffer from a lack of precision. This review discusses the mechanisms and the caveats and proposes a roadmap for future research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoenigZundelKrimmeretal.2019,
  author    = {K{\"o}nig, Kerstin and Zundel, Petra and Krimmer, Elena and K{\"o}nig, Christian and Pollmann, Marie and Gottlieb, Yuval and Steidle, Johannes L. M.},
  title     = {Reproductive isolation due to prezygotic isolation and postzygotic cytoplasmic incompatibility in parasitoid wasps},
  series = {Ecology and Evolution},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Ecology and Evolution},
  doi       = {10.1002/ece3.5588},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-222796},
  pages     = {10694-10706},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The reproductive barriers that prevent gene flow between closely related species are a major topic in evolutionary research. Insect clades with parasitoid lifestyle are among the most species-rich insects and new species are constantly described, indicating that speciation occurs frequently in this group. However, there are only very few studies on speciation in parasitoids. We studied reproductive barriers in two lineages of Lariophagus distinguendus (Chalcidoidea: Hymenoptera), a parasitoid wasp of pest beetle larvae that occur in human environments. One of the two lineages occurs in households preferably attacking larvae of the drugstore beetle Stegobium paniceum ("DB-lineage"), the other in grain stores with larvae of the granary weevil Sitophilus granarius as main host ("GW-lineage"). Between two populations of the DB-lineage, we identified slight sexual isolation as intraspecific barrier. Between populations from both lineages, we found almost complete sexual isolation caused by female mate choice, and postzygotic isolation, which is partially caused by cytoplasmic incompatibility induced by so far undescribed endosymbionts which are not Wolbachia or Cardinium. Because separation between the two lineages is almost complete, they should be considered as separate species according to the biological species concept. This demonstrates that cryptic species within parasitoid Hymenoptera also occur in Central Europe in close contact to humans.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KendallRaderGagicetal.2019,
  author    = {Kendall, Liam K. and Rader, Romina and Gagic, Vesna and Cariveau, Daniel P. and Albrecht, Matthias and Baldock, Katherine C. R. and Freitas, Breno M. and Hall, Mark and Holzschuh, Andrea and Molina, Francisco P. and Morten, Joanne M. and Pereira, Janaely S. and Portman, Zachary M. and Roberts, Stuart P. M. and Rodriguez, Juanita and Russo, Laura and Sutter, Louis and Vereecken, Nicolas J. and Bartomeus, Ignasi},
  title     = {Pollinator size and its consequences: Robust estimates of body size in pollinating insects},
  series = {Ecology and Evolution},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Ecology and Evolution},
  doi       = {10.1002/ece3.4835},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-325705},
  pages     = {1702-1714},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Body size is an integral functional trait that underlies pollination-related ecological processes, yet it is often impractical to measure directly. Allometric scaling laws have been used to overcome this problem. However, most existing models rely upon small sample sizes, geographically restricted sampling and have limited applicability for non-bee taxa. Allometric models that consider biogeography, phylogenetic relatedness, and intraspecific variation are urgently required to ensure greater accuracy. We measured body size as dry weight and intertegular distance (ITD) of 391 bee species (4,035 specimens) and 103 hoverfly species (399 specimens) across four biogeographic regions: Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. We updated existing models within a Bayesian mixed-model framework to test the power of ITD to predict interspecific variation in pollinator dry weight in interaction with different co-variates: phylogeny or taxonomy, sexual dimorphism, and biogeographic region. In addition, we used ordinary least squares regression to assess intraspecific dry weight ~ ITD relationships for ten bees and five hoverfly species. Including co-variates led to more robust interspecific body size predictions for both bees and hoverflies relative to models with the ITD alone. In contrast, at the intraspecific level, our results demonstrate that the ITD is an inconsistent predictor of body size for bees and hoverflies. The use of allometric scaling laws to estimate body size is more suitable for interspecific comparative analyses than assessing intraspecific variation. Collectively, these models form the basis of the dynamic R package, "pollimetry," which provides a comprehensive resource for allometric pollination research worldwide.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HillaertHovestadtVandegehuchteetal.2018,
  author    = {Hillaert, Jasmijn and Hovestadt, Thomas and Vandegehuchte, Martijn L. and Bonte, Dries},
  title     = {Size-dependent movement explains why bigger is better in fragmented landscapes},
  series = {Ecology and Evolution},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Ecology and Evolution},
  doi       = {10.1002/ece3.4524},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-320322},
  pages     = {10754-10767},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Body size is a fundamental trait known to allometrically scale with metabolic rate and therefore a key determinant of individual development, life history, and consequently fitness. In spatially structured environments, movement is an equally important driver of fitness. Because movement is tightly coupled with body size, we expect habitat fragmentation to induce a strong selection pressure on size variation across and within species. Changes in body size distributions are then, in turn, expected to alter food web dynamics. However, no consensus has been reached on how spatial isolation and resource growth affect consumer body size distributions. Our aim was to investigate how these two factors shape the body size distribution of consumers under scenarios of size-dependent and size-independent consumer movement by applying a mechanistic, individual-based resource-consumer model. We also assessed the consequences of altered body size distributions for important ecosystem traits such as resource abundance and consumer stability. Finally, we determined those factors that explain most variation in size distributions. We demonstrate that decreasing connectivity and resource growth select for communities (or populations) consisting of larger species (or individuals) due to strong selection for the ability to move over longer distances if the movement is size-dependent. When including size-dependent movement, intermediate levels of connectivity result in increases in local size diversity. Due to this elevated functional diversity, resource uptake is maximized at the metapopulation or metacommunity level. At these intermediate levels of connectivity, size-dependent movement explains most of the observed variation in size distributions. Interestingly, local and spatial stability of consumer biomass is lowest when isolation and resource growth are high. Finally, we highlight that size-dependent movement is of vital importance for the survival of populations or communities within highly fragmented landscapes. Our results demonstrate that considering size-dependent movement is essential to understand how habitat fragmentation and resource growth shape body size distributions—and the resulting metapopulation or metacommunity dynamics—of consumers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{NolteHermannLingenPlatscheketal.2019,
  author    = {Nolte, Kathleen and Hermann-Lingen, Christoph and Platschek, Lars and Holzendorf, Volker and Pilz, Stefan and Tomaschitz, Andreas and D{\"u}ngen, Hans-Dirk and Angermann, Christiane E. and Hasenfuß, Gerd and Pieske, Burkert and Wachter, Rolf and Edelmann, Frank},
  title     = {Vitamin D deficiency in patients with diastolic dysfunction or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction},
  series = {ESC Heart Failure},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {ESC Heart Failure},
  doi       = {10.1002/ehf2.12413},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-232303},
  pages     = {262-270},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Aims Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in heart failure (HF), but its relevance in early stages of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unknown. We tested the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] serum levels with mortality, hospitalizations, cardiovascular risk factors, and echocardiographic parameters in patients with asymptomatic diastolic dysfunction (DD) or newly diagnosed HFpEF. Methods and results We measured 25(OH)D serum levels in outpatients with risk factors for DD or history of HF derived from the DIAST-CHF study. Participants were comprehensively phenotyped including physical examination, echocardiography, and 6 min walk test and were followed up to 5 years. Quality of life was evaluated by the Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. We included 787 patients with available 25(OH)D levels. Median 25(OH)D levels were 13.1 ng/mL, mean E/e′ medial was 13.2, and mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 59.1\%. Only 9\% (n = 73) showed a left ventricular ejection fraction <50\%. Fifteen per cent (n = 119) of the recruited participants had symptomatic HFpEF. At baseline, participants with 25(OH)D levels in the lowest tertile (≤10.9 ng/L; n = 263) were older, more often symptomatic (oedema and fatigue, all P ≤ 0.002) and had worse cardiac [higher N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and left atrial volume index, both P ≤ 0.023], renal (lower glomerular filtration rate, P = 0.012), metabolic (higher uric acid levels, P < 0.001), and functional (reduced exercise capacity, 6 min walk distance, and SF-36 physical functioning score, all P < 0.001) parameters. Increased NT-proBNP, uric acid, and left atrial volume index and decreased SF-36 physical functioning scores were independently associated with lower 25(OH)D levels. There was a higher risk for lower 25(OH)D levels in association with HF, DD, and atrial fibrillation (all P ≤ 0.004), which remained significant after adjusting for age. Lower 25(OH)D levels (per 10 ng/mL decrease) tended to be associated with higher 5 year mortality, P = 0.05, hazard ratio (HR) 1.55 [1.00; 2.42]. Furthermore, lower 25(OH)D levels (per 10 ng/mL decrease) were related to an increased rate of cardiovascular hospitalizations, P = 0.023, HR = 1.74 [1.08; 2.80], and remained significant after adjusting for age, P = 0.046, HR = 1.63 [1.01; 2.64], baseline NT-proBNP, P = 0.048, HR = 1.62 [1.01; 2.61], and other selected baseline characteristics and co-morbidities, P = 0.043, HR = 3.60 [1.04; 12.43]. Conclusions Lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with reduced functional capacity in patients with DD or HFpEF and were significantly predictive for an increased rate of cardiovascular hospitalizations, also after adjusting for age, NT-proBNP, and selected baseline characteristics and co-morbidities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BavendiekBerlinerAguirreDavilaetal.2019,
  author    = {Bavendiek, Udo and Berliner, Dominik and Aguirre D{\´a}vila, Lukas and Schwab, Johannes and Maier, Lars and Philipp, Sebastian A. and Rieth, Andreas and Westenfeld, Ralf and Piorkowski, Christopher and Weber, Kristina and H{\"a}nselmann, Anja and Oldhafer, Maximiliane and Schallhorn, Sven and von der Leyen, Heiko and Schr{\"o}der, Christoph and Veltmann, Christian and St{\"o}rk, Stefan and B{\"o}hm, Michael and Koch, Armin and Bauersachs, Johann},
  title     = {Rationale and design of the DIGIT-HF trial (DIGitoxin to Improve ouTcomes in patients with advanced chronic Heart Failure): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study},
  series = {European Journal of Heart Failure},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {European Journal of Heart Failure},
  organization    = {DIGIT-HF Investigators and Committees},
  doi       = {10.1002/ejhf.1452},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-221548},
  pages     = {676-684},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Aims Despite recent advances in the treatment of chronic heart failure (HF), mortality and hospitalizations still remain high. Additional therapies to improve mortality and morbidity are urgently needed. The efficacy of cardiac glycosides - although regularly used for HF treatment - remains unclear. DIGIT-HF was designed to demonstrate that digitoxin on top of standard of care treatment improves mortality and morbidity in patients with HF and a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods Patients with chronic HF, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III-IV and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40\%, or patients in NYHA functional class II and LVEF ≤ 30\% are randomized 1:1 in a double-blind fashion to treatment with digitoxin (target serum concentration 8-18 ng/mL) or matching placebo. Randomization is stratified by centre, sex, NYHA functional class (II, III, or IV), atrial fibrillation, and treatment with cardiac glycosides at baseline. A total of 2190 eligible patients will be included in this clinical trial (1095 per group). All patients receive standard of care treatment recommended by expert guidelines upon discretion of the treating physician. The primary outcome is a composite of all-cause mortality or hospital admission for worsening HF (whatever occurs first). Key secondary endpoints are all-cause mortality, hospital admission for worsening HF, and recurrent hospital admission for worsening HF. Conclusion The DIGIT-HF trial will provide important evidence, whether the cardiac glycoside digitoxin reduces the risk for all-cause mortality and/or hospital admission for worsening HF in patients with advanced chronic HFrEF on top of standard of care treatment.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Hinsch2024,
  author    = {Hinsch, Jan Per},
  title     = {Die Geschichte der Metalllegierungen in der zahn{\"a}rztlichen Prothetik und Technologie},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-37128},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-371285},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Promotionsstudie leistet durch Gewinnung neuer Erkenntnisse zur zahnmedizinisch (technik-)historischen Forschung mittels der Erarbeitung und Darstellung einer chronologisch geordneten Entwicklungsgeschichte der zahn{\"a}rztlich-prothetisch verwendeten Metalllegierungen sowie ihrer dentalen Technologie einen eigenst{\"a}ndigen Forschungsbeitrag und tr{\"a}gt damit zu neuen Erkenntnissen in der zahnmedizinisch-historischen Forschung bei. Als problematisch stellte sich zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts die Kunst des Legierens selbst heraus. So legierten und fertigten die Zahn{\"a}rzte ihre Metalllegierungen bis zum Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts meistens noch selbst, bedienten sich an vorlegierten Dukatengoldlegierungen oder beauftragten Goldschmiede. Diverse n{\"u}tzliche Legierungskompositionen wurden schriftlich von Pionieren der Zahnheilkunde und den ersten, erfahrensten Prothetikern dieser Zeit in deren fr{\"u}hen Lehrb{\"u}chern und Ver{\"o}ffentlichungen festgehalten und damit der breiten Zahn{\"a}rzteschaft zug{\"a}nglich gemacht. Mit ihrem Engagement wurde der Weg von der Empirie nicht nur bis zur Verwissenschaftlichung der Zahnmedizin geebnet, sondern zugleich der Fortschritt der dentalen Materialwissenschaft und besonders der Verarbeitungstechnologie dentaler Metalllegierungen eingel{\"a}utet. Erst zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts etablierte sich durch Forschung und Vernetzung von Chemie, Metallurgie, Industrie und Zahnmedizin eine sach- und fachkundige zahn{\"a}rztliche Werkstoffkunde mit speziellen prothetisch geeigneten Metalllegierungen. Die verschiedenen Typenbezeichnungen Goldersatzlegierungen, Austauschlegierungen, Alternativlegierungen oder Aufbrennlegierungen waren in jeder Epoche einem tiefgreifenden Wandel unterworfen und charakteristisch f{\"u}r die jeweilige Zeit. Eine wichtige Erkenntnis aus dieser Studie ist, dass politisch-{\"o}konomische Ver{\"a}nderungen, insbesondere schwankende Edelmetallpreise, Inflation, politische Beschr{\"a}nkungen aufgrund von (vor-)kriegswirtschaftlichen Sparmaßnahmen sowie Gesundheitsreformen und Kostend{\"a}mpfungsgesetze einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Zahn{\"a}rzte und die zahnmedizinisch-prothetische Rehabilitation ihrer Patienten hatte. Die indikationsgerechte Metalllegierungsauswahl und die damit verbundenen optimalen Materialeigenschaften f{\"u}r Zahnersatz und Patienten stellten Zahn{\"a}rzte damals wie heute vor eine Herausforderung.},
  subject      = {Prothetik},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Franken2024,
  author    = {Franken, Robert},
  title     = {Precision Predictions for \(\mathrm W^+ \mathrm W^-\) Scattering at the LHC},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36944},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-369445},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {In this thesis we examine the vector boson scattering (VBS) process \(\mathrm p \mathrm p \to \mathrm e^+ \nu_\mathrm e\mu^-\bar\nu_\mu\mathrm j\mathrm j +X\) (short: \(\mathrm W^+\mathrm W^-\) scattering) at NLO accuracy in two experimental setups by performing a Monte Carlo analysis of a \(13\,\mathrm{TeV}\) LHC run. \(\mathrm W^+\mathrm W^-\) scattering shows similarities and differences compared to the scattering of other vector bosons. We present a detailed description of the types of appearing subprocesses and background processes. We give insight into our code which solves the problems we are faced within \(\mathrm W^+\mathrm W^-\) scattering. This is especially the presence of the Higgs-boson resonance in the fiducial phase-space region. Particular attention is dedicated to the permutation of resonances. The integrated signal cross section at LO \(\mathcal O(\alpha^6)\) amounts to \(2.6988(3)\,\mathrm{fb}\) and \(1.5322(2)\,\mathrm{fb}\), respectively, in the two experimental setups. The LO QCD-induced background of \(\mathcal O(\alpha_\mathrm s^2\alpha^4)\) amounts to \(6.9115(9)\,\mathrm{fb}\) and \(1.6923(3)\,\mathrm{fb}\). The EW corrections to the signal are \(-11.4\\%\) and \(-6.7\\%\), the QCD corrections amount to \(-5.2\\%\) and \(-23.0\\%\). The EW corrections to the background are \(-8.3\\%\) and \(-5.3\\%\), the QCD corrections amount to \(-30.3\\%\) and \(-77.6\\%\). Our results for the QCD corrections and the QCD-induced background include a large uncertainty from varying the renormalisation and factorisation scale, and we discuss improvements for future calculations. We show the differential cross sections with unique features of \(\mathrm W^+\mathrm W^-\) scattering compared to other VBS processes and investigate in particular the subprocess of Higgs-boson production by using a modified version of our setups.},
  subject      = {W-Boson},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Diehl2024,
  author    = {Diehl, Janina Marie Christin},
  title     = {Ecology and evolution of symbiont management in ambrosia beetles},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-32121},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-321213},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The relationship between a farmer and their cultivated crops in agriculture is multifaceted, with pathogens affecting both the farmer and crop, and weeds that take advantage of resources provided by farmers. For my doctoral thesis, I aimed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the ecology and symbiosis of fungus farming ambrosia beetles. Through my research, I discovered that the microbial composition of fungus gardens, particularly the mutualists, is significantly influenced by the presence of both adults and larvae. The recognition of both beneficial and harmful symbionts is crucial for the success of ambrosia beetles, who respond differently depending on their life stage and the microbial species they encounter, which can contribute to the division of labour among family groups. The presence of antagonists and pathogens in the fungus garden depends on habitat and substrate quality, and beetle response to their introduction results in behavioural and developmental changes. Individual and social immunity measures, as well as changes in bacterial and fungal communities, were detected as a result of pathogen introduction. Additionally, the ability of ambrosia beetles to establish two nutritional fungal species depends on several factors. These insects must strike a balance between their essential functions and adapt to the constantly changing ecological and social conditions, which demonstrates their adaptive flexibility. However, interpreting data from laboratory studies should be approached with caution, as the natural environment allows for more flexibility and the potential for other beneficial symbionts to become more prominent if required. To aid in my research, I designed primers that use the 'fungal large subunit' (LSU) as genetic marker to identify and differentiate mutualistic and antagonistic fungi in X. saxesenii. The primers were able to distinguish closely related species of the Ophiostomataceae and other fungal symbionts. This allowed me to associate the abundance of key fungal taxa with factors such as the presence of beetles, the nest's age and condition, and the various developmental stages present. My primers are a valuable tool for understanding fungal communities, including their composition and the identification of previously unknown functional symbionts. However, some aspects should be approached with caution due to the exclusion of non-amplified taxa in the relative fungal community compositions.},
  subject      = {{\"O}kologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Baumann2024,
  author    = {Baumann, Johannes},
  title     = {Induced Superconductivity in HgTe Quantum Point Contacts},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36940},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-369405},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {In this thesis, the Josephson effect in mercury telluride based superconducting quantum point contacts (SQPCs) is studied. Implementing such confined structures into topological superconductors has been proposed as a means to detect and braid Majorana fermions. For the successful realization of such experiments though, coherent transport across the constriction is essential. By demonstrating the Josephson effect in a confined topological system, the presented experiments lay the foundation for future quantum devices that can be used for quantum computation. In addition, the experiments also provide valuable insights into the behavior of the Josephson effect in the low-channel limit (N<20). Due to the confinement of the weak link, we can also study the Josephson effect in a topological insulator, where the edge modes interact. In conclusion, this thesis discusses the fabrication of, and low-temperature measurements on mercury telluride quantum point contacts embedded within Josephson junctions. We find that the merging of the currently used fabrication methods for mercury telluride quantum point contacts and Josephson junctions does not yield a good enough device quality to resolve subbands of the quantum point contact as quantization effects in the transport properties. As we attribute this to the long dry etching time that is necessary for a top-contact, the fabrication process was adapted to reduce the defect density at the superconductor-semiconductor interface. Employing a technique that involves side contacting the mercury telluride quantum well and reducing the size of the mercury telluride mesa to sub-micrometer dimensions yields a quantized supercurrent across the junction. The observed supercurrent per mode is in good agreement with theoretical predictions for ballistic, one-dimensional modes that are longer than the Josephson penetration depth. Moreover, we find that oscillatory features superimpose the plateaus of the supercurrent and the conductance. The strength of these oscillatory features are sample-dependent and complicate the identification of plateaus. We suggest that the oscillatory features originate mainly from local defects and the short gate electrode. Additionally, resonances are promoted within the weak link if the transparency of the superconductor-HgTe interface differs from one. Furthermore, the research explores the regimes of the quantum spin Hall effect and the 0.5 anomaly. Notably, a small yet finite supercurrent is detected in the QSH regime. In samples fabricated from thick mercury telluride quantum wells, the supercurrent appears to vanish when the quantum point contact is tuned into the regime of the 0.5 anomaly. For samples fabricated from thin mercury telluride quantum wells, the conductance as well as the supercurrent vanish for strong depopulation. In these samples though, the supercurrent remains detectable even for conductance values significantly below 2 e²/h. Numerical calculation reproduce the transport behavior of the superconducting quantum point contacts. Additionally, the topological nature of the weak link is thoroughly investigated using the supercurrent diffraction pattern and the absorption of radio frequency photons. The diffraction pattern reveals a gate independent, monotonous decay of \$I_\text{sw}(B)\$, which is associated with the quantum interference of Andreev bound states funneled through the quantum point contact. Interestingly, the current distribution in the weak link appears unaffected as the quantum point contact is depleted. In the RF measurements, indications of a 4π periodic supercurrent are observed as a suppression of odd Shapiro steps. The ratio of the 4π periodic current to the 2π periodic current appears to decrease for smaller supercurrents, as odd Shapiro steps are exclusively suppressed for large supercurrents. Additionally, considering the observation that the supercurrent is small when the bulk modes in the quantum point contact are fully depleted, we suggest that the re-emerging of odd Shapiro steps is a consequence of the group velocity of the edge modes being significantly suppressed when the bulk modes are absent. Consequently, the topological nature of the superconducting quantum point contact is only noticeable in the transport properties when bulk modes are transmitted through the superconducting quantum point contact. The shown experiments are the first demonstration of mercury telluride superconducting quantum point contacts that exhibit signatures of quantization effects in the conductance as well as the supercurrent. Moreover, the experiments suggest that the regime of interacting topological edge channels is also accessible in mercury telluride superconducting quantum point contacts. This is potentially relevant for the realization of Majorana fermions and their application in the field of quantum computation.},
  subject      = {Topologischer Isolator},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kappenberger2024,
  author    = {Kappenberger, Jeannette Sarah},
  title     = {Biochemical characterization of the TFIIH translocase XPB from \(Chaetomium\) \(thermophilum\)},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24409},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244096},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {DNA repair and gene expression are two major cellular processes that are fundamental for the maintenance of biological life. Both processes require the enzymatic activity of the super family 2 helicase XBP, which is an integral subunit of the general transcription factor TFIIH. During transcription initiation, XPB catalyzes the initial melting of promoter DNA enabling RNA polymerase II to engage with the coding DNA strand and start gene transcription. In nucleotide excision repair, XPB acts in concert with the other TFIIH helicase XPD causing strand separation around a lesion site. Mutations within the genes encoding XPB or other TFIIH subunits are associated with different cancer types as well as with the autosomal recessive disorders Xeroderma Pigmentosum and trichothiodystrophy and rarely combined features of Xeroderma Pigmentosum and Cockayne syndrome. In the last few years, great progress has been made towards unraveling the structure of TFIIH and its individual subunits including XPB. These structural insights tremendously improved our understandings with respect to the molecular interactions within this intriguing protein complex. However, the underlying regulation mechanisms that functionally control XPB during transcription and repair remained largely elusive. We thus executed the biochemical characterization of this protein to investigate the functional network that regulates XPB within the scaffold of TFIIH. Due to their enhanced stability compared to the human proteins, we utilized the proteins that originate from the thermophilic fungus Chaetomium thermophilum for this purpose as a model organism for eukaryotic TFIIH. The present work provides novel insights into the enzymatic function and regulation of XPB. We could show that both, DNA and the TFIIH subunit p52 stimulate XPB's ATPase activity and that the p52-mediated activity is further boosted by p8, another subunit within TFIIH. Surprisingly, DNA can activate XPB's ATPase activity to a greater extent than its TFIIH interaction partners p52/p8, but when both, i.e. p52/p8 and DNA are present at the same time, p52 dominates the activation and the enzymatic speed is maintained at the level observed through the sole activation of p52/p8. We thus defined p52 as the master regulator of XPB that simultaneously activates and represses XPB's enzymatic activity. Based on a correlative mutagenesis study of the main interface between p52 and XPB that was set into context with recent structural data, a model for the p52-mediated activation and speed limitation of XPB's ATPase was proposed. The research on XPB's ATPase was expanded with the investigation of the inhibition mechanism of XPB's ATPase via the natural compound Triptolide. Furthermore, we investigated XPB's DNA translocase function and could observe that XPB can only perform its translocase movement when it is fully incorporated into core TFIIH and this translocase movement is further enhanced by the nucleotide excision repair factor XPA. Fluorescence polarization measurements with nucleotide analogues revealed that XPB displays the highest affinity towards DNA in the ADP + Pi bound state and its binding is weakened when ADP is bound or the nucleotide is dissociated from the enzyme, suggesting a movement on the DNA during the distinct states of the ATPase cycle. Finally, the well-known and highly conserved RED motif was found to be the crucial element in XPB to enable this translocase movement. Combined, the data presented in this work provide novel insights into the intricate regulation network that controls XPB's enzymatic activity within TFIIH and furthermore show that XPB's enzymatic activity is tightly controlled by various factors.},
  subject      = {DNS-Reparatur},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Boenninger2024,
  author    = {B{\"o}nninger, Solveig Eva},
  title     = {F{\"o}rderliche und hinderliche Faktoren im Trauerprozess von Nahestehenden eines*r Verstorbenen},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-364319},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Laut Statistischem Bundesamt (Destatis) starben allein im Jahr 2020 zirka 985.500 Menschen. Die h{\"a}ufigsten Todesursachen waren Herz-Kreislauf- und Krebs-Erkrankungen (vgl. Destatis 2020). Die meisten Menschen haben den Wunsch zuhause zu sterben, doch die Mehrheit stirbt in Krankenh{\"a}usern, Alten- und Pflegeheimen (vgl. DHPV 2017; Dasch et al. 2015). Der Tod eines nahestehenden Menschen kann bei Hinterbliebenen zu großen Belastungen, gesundheitlichen Problemen sowie einer gesteigerten Mortalit{\"a}t f{\"u}hren (vgl. Stroebe et al. 2007). Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, mit Hilfe von halbstandardisierten Interviews mit 30 Trauernden Faktoren herauszuarbeiten, die sich f{\"o}rderlich oder hinderlich auf den Trauerprozess auswirken k{\"o}nnen. Die Interviews wurden mit der Transkriptionssoftware f4transkript verschriftlicht und mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet. Es entstand ein Kategoriensystem mit je vier Oberkategorien innerhalb der zwei Hauptkategorien, F{\"o}rderliche und Hinderliche Faktoren. Folgende Faktoren konnten identifiziert werden: F{\"o}rderliche Faktoren in der Oberkategorie Betreuung der erkrankten und trauernden Person sind eine gute Symptomkontrolle sowie der verst{\"a}ndnisvolle Umgang mit den Nahestehenden, w{\"a}hrend mangelhafte Kommunikation wiederum hinderlich f{\"u}r eine positive Trauerbew{\"a}ltigung ist. In der Oberkategorie Intrapersonale Faktoren sind die Antizipation des Todes sowie die Auseinandersetzung mit der Trauer f{\"o}rderlich, w{\"a}hrend negative Gef{\"u}hle (z.B. Schuldgef{\"u}hle, Hilfslosigkeit) sich in besagter Hinsicht hinderlich auswirken. In der Oberkategorie Beziehung zur verstorbenen Person k{\"o}nnen die optimale Nutzung der verbliebenen Zeit sowie der offene Umgang mit der Erkrankung f{\"o}rderliche Faktoren darstellen, w{\"a}hrend ein "schwieriger" Abschied sowie ungekl{\"a}rte Konflikte oder offene Fragen Hindernisse f{\"u}r den Trauerprozess sein k{\"o}nnen. In der Oberkategorie Soziales Umfeld sind die unaufgeforderte Unterst{\"u}tzung, die emotionale Begleitung sowie ein flexibler Arbeitgeber f{\"o}rderlich. Streitigkeiten innerhalb der Familie und Unverst{\"a}ndnis der Mitmenschen dagegen sind hinderlich. Eine gute und w{\"u}rdevolle Sterbebegleitung, wie sie in der Palliativmedizin in der Regel gew{\"a}hrleistet ist, ist von großer Bedeutung f{\"u}r einen gelingenden Trauerprozess. Daher sollte eine palliative Haltung disziplin{\"u}bergreifend vorangebracht und ausgebaut werden. In der Gesellschaft sollte Trauernden mehr Toleranz und Verst{\"a}ndnis entgegengebracht und offen mit dem Thema Tod und Sterben umgegangen werden.},
  subject      = {Trauer},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Funke2024,
  author    = {Funke, Caroline},
  title     = {Untersuchung des Tumorgef{\"a}ßbildes an murinen Tumormodellen unter antiangiogener Therapie mit Axitinib und mG6-31},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36982},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-369820},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Die Tumorangiogenese ist ein Prozess, der zur Ausbildung eines tumoreigenen Gef{\"a}ßnetzwerks f{\"u}hrt und kritisch ist f{\"u}r die Progression des Tumorwachstums, sowie f{\"u}r dessen Malignisierung und Metastasierung. Zytokine wie VEGF und PDGF steuern angiogene Prozesse. Die resultierende Tumorvaskulatur ist jedoch dysfunktional und unterscheidet sich in Struktur und Funktion stark von normalen Gef{\"a}ßen. Die antiangiogene Therapie richtet sich gegen die Tumorvaskulatur indem Angiogenese-induzierende Signalwege inhibiert werden. Es existieren zahlreiche therapeutische Ans{\"a}tze, zu denen u.a. Anti-VEGF- Antik{\"o}rper und Rezeptortyrosinkinaseinhibitoren z{\"a}hlen. Ziel der antiangiogenen Therapie ist es, die Ausbildung neuer Blutgef{\"a}ße im Tumor zu stoppen sowie existierende unreife Blutgef{\"a}ße zu zerst{\"o}ren. Das Konzept der Gef{\"a}ßnormalisierung beschreibt im Rahmen der antiangiogenen Therapie Prozesse, die zu einer transienten Verbesserung dieser defekten Tumorvaskulatur und zu ihrer tendenziellen Angleichung an Struktur und Funktion von normalen Gef{\"a}ßen f{\"u}hren sollen. In dieser Studie wurden Ver{\"a}nderungen von Gef{\"a}ßparametern in murinen AT3- Mammakarzinomen und murinen Lewis-lung-Karzinomen miteinander verglichen, die entweder (a) mit mG6-31, einem monoklonalen Anti-VEGF- Antik{\"o}rper, (b) mit Axitinib, einem niedermolekularen VEGF-R-/PDGF-R- Tyrosinkinaseinhibitor antiangiogen behandelt oder (c) nicht behandelt wurden. Ziel war es dabei, Aussagen {\"u}ber die antiangiogene Wirksamkeit sowie die Gef{\"a}ß- normalisierende Effektivit{\"a}t der o.g. Antiangiogenetika zu treffen. In einer bereits abgeschlossenen Forschungsarbeit von Ascheid (vgl. Absatz 7.2) wurden mit dem gleichen Experimentalaufbau wie zuvor beschrieben ebenfalls murine Tumoren hinsichtlich makroskopischer Gef{\"a}ßstruktur und -organisation untersucht. Dabei wurde aufgezeigt, dass Gef{\"a}ß-normalisierende Prozesse durch o.g. Angiogenetika in geringem Umfang stattfanden. Die durchgef{\"u}hrte Studie zielte darauf ab, die bereits erfassten Resultate zu komplettieren und somit eine abschließende Aussage {\"u}ber das Auftreten von Gef{\"a}ßnormalisierung zu erm{\"o}glichen. 88 In den mG6-31-/Axitinib-/unbehandelten AT3-/LLC-Tumorschnitten wurden die Parameter Gef{\"a}ßdichte, Apoptoserate, Proliferationsrate, Perizytenbesatz, Intaktheit der vaskul{\"a}ren Basalmembran und endotheliale Expression von TRPC6-Kan{\"a}len immunhistochemisch bzw. mittels Immunfluoreszenz detektiert, mikroskopisch aufgenommen und quantifiziert. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass Axitinib deutliche antiangiogene Effekte in der Tumorvaskulatur hervorruft, mG6-31 hingegen wirkt schw{\"a}cher antiangiogen. Im Unterschied zu den Ergebnissen aus Ascheids Arbeit (Ascheid, 2018) konnten- Effekte auf der Ebene der individuellen Blutgef{\"a}ße nachgewiesen werden, die in der Literatur als Anzeichen f{\"u}r eine Gef{\"a}ßnormalisierung beschrieben werden. Wiederum waren diese Effekte unter Axitinib st{\"a}rker ausgepr{\"a}gt als unter mG6- 31-Behandlung. Die Resultate beider Forschungsarbeiten zusammengefasst betrachtet, kann man feststellen, dass die Zusammenfassung der gef{\"a}ßver{\"a}ndernden Effekte, die antiangiogene Wirkstoffe hervorrufen, unter dem Begriff „Normalisierung" in Frage gestellt werden sollte.},
  subject      = {Antiangiogenese},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Yabe2024,
  author    = {Yabe, Marie},
  title     = {Untersuchung des Mental Rotation-Paradigmas bei Patienten mit fokaler Dystonie},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36392},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-363927},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Das mR-Paradigma beschreibt die F{\"a}higkeit Objekte gedanklich zu drehen und erfordert dabei komplexe neuronale Prozesse. Bisherige Studien konnten nicht kl{\"a}ren, ob es ein spezifisches Muster der Beeintr{\"a}chtigung im mR-Test bei fokalen Dystonien gibt. Die {\"u}bergeordnete Fragestellung der vorliegenden Arbeit war, ob eine verlangsamte Reaktion bei der mR von k{\"o}rperlichen Abbildungen einen stabilen Endoph{\"a}notyp fokaler Dystonien darstellt. Die Zielsetzung war die {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung der Hypothesen, 1) dass bisherige Ergebnisse, die eine verl{\"a}ngerte Reaktionszeit von CD-Patienten bei der mR von k{\"o}rperlichen Abbildungen aufzeigten, reproduzierbar sind und 2) dass eine erh{\"o}hte Reaktionszeit bei der mR von k{\"o}rperlichen Abbildungen auch bei Patienten mit BSP vorliegt. Um dabei die mR m{\"o}glichst spezifisch zu untersuchen, wurden folgende sekund{\"a}re Hypothesen formuliert: a) die kognitive Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit und b) das allgemeine Reaktionsverm{\"o}gen der Teilnehmer stellen potenzielle St{\"o}rfaktoren f{\"u}r die Reaktionszeit bei der mR-Aufgabe dar. Diese wurden neben der H{\"a}ndigkeit und der allgemeinen Geschicklichkeit systematisch erhoben. 23 CD-Patienten und 23 gesunde Kontrollpersonen sowie 21 BSP- und 19 HFS-Patienten wurden hinsichtlich Geschlechterverteilung, Alter und Bildungsstand verglichen. Zudem wurden H{\"a}ndigkeit, Fingergeschicklichkeit, allgemeine Reaktionszeit und kognitiver Status jedes Teilnehmers erhoben. Im mR-Test wurden Fotos von K{\"o}rperteilen (Hand, Fuß oder Kopf) und einem nicht-k{\"o}rperlichen Objekt (Auto) gezeigt, die in sechs verschiedene Winkelgrade um die eigene Achse in der Bildebene rotiert waren. Die Teilnehmer wurden gebeten, die Lateralit{\"a}t des dargestellten Bildes per Tastendruck anzugeben. Bewertet wurden sowohl Geschwindigkeit als auch Richtigkeit der Antworten. Im Vergleich zu gesunden Kontrollpersonen schnitten CD- und HFS-Patienten bei der mR der H{\"a}nde schlechter ab, w{\"a}hrend die BSP-Patienten vergleichbare Leistungen zeigten. Es bestand ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen einer verl{\"a}ngerten mR-Reaktionszeit und reduzierten MoCA-Scores sowie einer erh{\"o}hten mR-Reaktionszeit und verl{\"a}ngerter allgemeiner Reaktionszeit. Nach Ausschluss der Patienten mit MCI zeigten CD-Patienten, nicht jedoch HFS-Patienten, im Vergleich zur gesunden Kontrollgruppe weiterhin verlangsamte Reaktionszeiten der H{\"a}nde. Die vorliegende Studie konnte die Frage, ob eine verlangsamte Reaktion bei der mR von k{\"o}rperlichen Abbildungen einen stabilen Endoph{\"a}notyp fokaler Dystonien darstellt, nicht sicher beantworten. Es stellte sich jedoch heraus, dass Kognition und allgemeine Reaktionszeit starke Einflussfaktoren bei der mR-Aufgabe sind. Dies wurde in den fr{\"u}heren Arbeiten nicht ber{\"u}cksichtigt und stellt daher ein neues und wichtiges Ergebnis dar. Die verlangsamte Reaktion bei der mR der H{\"a}nde bei CD-Patienten auch nach Ausschluss von Patienten mit MCI l{\"a}sst ein spezifisches Defizit der F{\"a}higkeit der mR vermuten. Das Vorliegen einer tiefergreifenden zugrundeliegenden Netzwerkst{\"o}rung, die sich auf die Leistung im mR-Test auswirkt, w{\"a}re dabei denkbar.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Grimm2024,
  author    = {Grimm, Anne Rosemarie},
  title     = {Prognostische Determinanten im kardiogenen und septischen Schock},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36995},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-369953},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {In diese monozentrische retrospektive Studie eingeschlossen wurden insgesamt 132 Patienten mit Schock, darunter 75 Patienten mit kardiogenem- und 57 Patienten mit septischem Schock. Um potentielle Pr{\"a}diktoren f{\"u}r die Krankenhaussterblichkeit zu finden, wurden folgende Paramater untersucht: Alter, Geschlecht, BMI, kardiovaskul{\"a}re Risikofaktoren und Vorerkrankungen, Vitalparameter bei Aufnahme inkl. Schockindex, laborchemische Parameter inkl. BGA, maximaler Laktatanstieg im Verlauf, Interventionen inklusive Reanimation, Beatmung, Akutrevaskularisation und Anlage von mechanischen Kreislaufunterst{\"u}tzungssystemen, Katecholamintherapie und h{\"a}modynamisches Monitoring mit dem PiCCO-Verfahren. Hauptergebnis unserer Studie ist eine erhebliche Krankenhaussterblichkeit von 50\% bei einem mittleren Aufenthalt von 14 Tagen ohne signifikanten Unterschied zwischen kardiogenem- (45\%) und septischem Schock (55\%), obgleich Patienten mit kardiogenem Schock signifikant {\"a}lter und h{\"a}ufiger kardiovaskul{\"a}r vorerkrankt waren. Pr{\"a}diktoren f{\"u}r die Krankenhaussterblichkeit waren bei Patienten mit kardiogenem Schock die H{\"o}he des maximalen Laktatanstiegs, das Auftreten eines akuten Nierenversagens, die H{\"o}he der Transaminasen als Marker einer Schockleber, die fehlende M{\"o}glichkeit einer Akutrevaskularisation und die H{\"o}he des Troponins als Marker f{\"u}r das Ausmaß des Myokardschadens. Pr{\"a}diktoren f{\"u}r die Krankenhaussterblichkeit im septischen Schock waren ebenfalls die H{\"o}he des maximalen Laktatanstiegs, die Notwendigkeit einer Reanimation, sowie H{\"o}he des ELWI. Die {\"u}brigen klinischen, laborchemischen und h{\"a}modynamischen Parameter waren weder beim kardiogenen- noch beim septischen Schock pr{\"a}diktiv f{\"u}r die Mortalit{\"a}t. Die beste Strategie zur Senkung der hohen Mortalit{\"a}t beider Schockformen besteht in der Prophylaxe des jeweiligen Schockgeschehens. Bei bereits in Gang gesetzten Circulus vitiosus, m{\"u}ssen zuk{\"u}nftige Studien kl{\"a}ren, welches h{\"a}modynamische Monitoring zusammen mit klinischen Befunden und ggf. Bildgebung ein optimiertes Volumen- und Katecholamin-Management erlaubt. Bei Patienten mit kardiogenem Schock bleibt zu kl{\"a}ren, ob die in unserer Studie gefundene erhebliche Krankenhaussterblichkeit von 45\% durch den gezielten Einsatz moderner, perkutan implantierbarer Kreislaufunterst{\"u}tzungssysteme gebessert werden kann. Bei Patienten mit septischem Schock ist insbesondere bei pneumogener Sepsis das rechtzeitige Erkennen und die Therapie eines ARDS eine bleibende Herausforderung. Zuk{\"u}nftige Studien an gr{\"o}ßeren Patientenkollektiven m{\"u}ssen kl{\"a}ren, ob die Bestimmung des ELWI mit dem PiCCO-Verfahren hilfreich ist, die Entstehung eines ARDS fr{\"u}hzeitig erkennen und behandeln zu k{\"o}nnen.},
  subject      = {Schock},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Pickert2024,
  author    = {Pickert, Julia Felicia},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zum Einfluss des Insulin-like growth factor Rezeptors auf Signalnetzwerke im Multiplen Myelom},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-36981},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-369815},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Das MM ist eine maligne Erkrankung, die von biologischer und klinischer Heterogenit{\"a}t gepr{\"a}gt ist. Sie ist durch die monoklonale Vermehrung von Plasmazellen charakterisiert. In vorangegangenen Studien wurde eine H{\"a}ufung von Mutationen in RTK nachgewiesen. Diese gingen mit einem negativen Einfluss auf das {\"U}berleben von MM Patientinnen und Patienten einher. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluss des IGF1R an HMZL mittels siRNA-vermitteltem IGF1R-Knockdown untersucht und dessen Effekt auf das Signalnetzwerk mittels Western Blot Analysen ermittelt. Um die Heterogenit{\"a}t des MM besser abzubilden, wurden sechs verschiedenen HMZL ausgew{\"a}hlt. Der IGF1R-Knockdown war in allen HMZL sowohl anhand der Reduktion der IGF1R-Expression als auch der IGF1R-Aktivierung deutlich nachweisbar. Stellvertretend f{\"u}r den PI3K/AKT Signalweg wurde die AKT-Aktivierung untersucht, welche nach IGF1R-Knockdown in allen Linien abnahm. Im Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK Signalweg fiel eine deutliche Reduktion der ERK1/2- und MEK-Aktivierung in den von PCL stammenden HMZL L-363 und MM.1S, sowie in JJN-3 mit der Hochrisikotranslokation t(14;16) auf. Entsprechend der Beobachtungen f{\"u}r die AKT-Aktivierung, nahm die PYK2-Aktivierung in allen HMZL nach IGF1R-Knockdown ab, was auf ein Zusammenspiel von IGF1R, PYK2 und AKT in allen HMZL hindeutet. Zuk{\"u}nftige Untersuchungen werden zeigen, ob IGF1R Inhibitoren alleine oder in Kombination mit z.B. AKT, PYK2 oder Proteasomen-Inhibitoren in bestimmten molekularen MM Subgruppen ein effektives therapeutisches Ziel sind.},
  subject      = {Plasmozytom},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Dorband2024,
  author    = {Dorband, Moritz},
  title     = {Geometric Phases and Factorisation in Quantum Physics and Gravity},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-37093},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-370937},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {In this thesis I explore the interplay of geometry and quantum information theory via the holographic principle, with a specific focus on geometric phases in quantum systems like two interacting qubits, and how they relate to entanglement measures and Hilbert space factorisation. I establish geometric phases as an indicator for Hilbert space factorsiation, both in an abstract sense using von Neumann operator algebras as well as applied to the eternal black hole within the AdS/CFT correspondence. For the latter case I show that geometric phases allow to diagnose non-factorisation from a boundary point of view. I also introduce geometric quantum discord as a second geometric measure for non-factorisation and reveals its potential implications for the study of black hole microstates.},
  subject      = {AdS-CFT-Korrespondenz},
  language  = {en}
}