@article{DabauvalleLoosMerkertetal.1991,
  author    = {Dabauvalle, Marie-Christine and Loos, Karin and Merkert, Hilde and Scheer, Ulrich},
  title     = {Spontaneous assembly of pore complex-containing membranes ("Annulate lamellae") in Xenopus egg extract in the absence of chromatin},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-32797},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeckerWuWaagetal.1991,
  author    = {Becker, Charles R. and Wu, Y. S. and Waag, A. and Kraus, M. M. and Landwehr, G.},
  title     = {The orientation independence of the CdTe-HgTe valence band offset as determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-30784},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MollRoellinghoff1991,
  author    = {Moll, Heidrun and R{\"o}llinghoff, Martin},
  title     = {T-cell reactivity to purified lipophosphoglycan from Leishmania major: A model for analysis of the cellular immune response to microbial carbohydrates.},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-33022},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {The major macromolecule on the surface o/Leishmania majorpromastigotes is a lipophosphoglycan (LPG). This glycoconjugate plays a key role in determining infectivity and survival of para-sites in the mammalian host cell. In addition, L. major LPG is able to induce a host-protective immune response. In this article, we summarise the evidence for recognition of highly purified LPG by T cells and we discuss the potential mechanisms of T-cell Stimulation by this non-protein antigen.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VanDieKramerHackeretal.1991,
  author    = {Van Die, I. and Kramer, C. and Hacker, J{\"o}rg and Bergmans, H. and Jongen, W. and Hoekstra, W.},
  title     = {Nucleotide sequence of the genes coding for minor fimbrial subunits of the F1C fimbriae of Escherichia coli},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40353},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {F 1 C fimbriae allow uropathogenic Escherichia coli to adhere to specific epithelial surfaces. This adhesive property is probably due to the presence of minor fimbrial components in F1C fimbriae. The foe gene cluster encoding F1C fimbriae has been cloned, as described previously. Here we present the nucleotide sequence (2081 bp) coding for the F 1 C minor fimbria I subunits. The structural genes code for polypeptides of 175 (FocF), 166 (FocG), and 300 (FocH) amino acids. The deduced amino acids of the F 1 C minor subunits were compared with the reported sequences of the minor subunits of other types of fimbriae. The data show that the Foc minor subunits are highly homologous to the corresponding Sfa proteins, whereas homology to the minor subunits of type 1 and P fimbriae is much lower.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LueckBenderOttetal.1991,
  author    = {L{\"u}ck, P. Christian and Bender, Larisa and Ott, Manfred and Helbig, J{\"u}rgen H. and Hacker, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Analysis of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 strains isolated from a hospital warm water supply over a three-year period by using genomic long-range mapping techniques and monoclonal antibodies},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40392},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Over a period of 3 years, Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 strains were isolated from warm water outlets and dental units in the Dental Faculty and from the Surgery and Internal Medicine Clinics at the University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany. In the bacteriological unit of the above-mentioned facility, L. pneumophila serogroups 3 and 12 were grown frl,)m warm water specimens. The medical facilities are located in separate buildings connected with a ring pipe warm water system. All L. pneumophila serogroup 6 strains isolated from the warm water supply reacted with a serogroup-specific monoclonal antibody, but not with two other monoclonal antibodies which are subgroup specific, reacting with other serogroup 6 strains. The NolI genomic profiles obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of 25 serogroup 6 strains isolated from the Dental Faculty over a 3-year period, 1 isolate from the Internal Medicine Clinic, and 4 strains from the Surgery Clinic were identical. Furthermore, all these strains hybridized with a 3OO-kb NolI fragment when a legiolysin (lIy)-specific DNA probe was used. The NolI pattern, however, differed from those of six serogroup 6 strains of other origins, one serogroup 12 strain from the bacteriological unit, and another six unrelated strains of serogroups other than serogroup 6. L. pneumophila serogroup 6 strains which can be divided into only two subgroups by the use of monoclonal antibodies are differentiated in at least six Noli cleavage types obtained by pulsed-field electrophoresis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{FischerWeissenbergerScheer1991,
  author    = {Fischer, Dagmar and Weißenberger, Dieter and Scheer, Ulrich},
  title     = {Assigning functions to nucleolar structures},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-34258},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Nucleoli provide the fascinating possibility of linking morphologically distinct structures such as those seen in the electron microscope with biochemical f eatures of the formation and step wise maturation of ribosomes. Localization of proteins by immunocytochemistry and of rRNA genes and their transcripts by in situ hybridization has greatly improved our understanding of the structural-functional relationships of the nucleolus. The present review describes some recent results obtained by electron microscopic in situ hybridization and argues that this approach has the potential to correlate each step of the complex pre-rRNA maturation pathway with nucleolar structures. Evidence is accumulating that the nucleolus-specific U3 snRNPs (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles) participate in rRNA processing events, similar to the role played by the nucleoplasmic snRNPs in mRNA maturation. The intranucleolar distribution of U3 snRNA is consistent with the view that it is involved in both early and late stages of pre-rRNA processing.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BringmannZagstSchoeneretal.1991,
  author    = {Bringmann, Gerhard and Zagst, Rainer and Sch{\"o}ner, Bernd and Busse, Holger and Hemmerling, Martin and Burschka, Christian},
  title     = {Acetogenic Isoquinoline Alkaloids. XXIII. Structure of the Naphthyl Isoquinoline Alkaloid Dioncophylline A},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31331},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Dandekar1991,
  author    = {Dandekar, Thomas},
  title     = {Yeast U3 localization and correct sequence (snR17a) and promotor activity (snR17b) identified by homology search},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-29781},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DandekarTollervey1991,
  author    = {Dandekar, Thomas and Tollervey, D.},
  title     = {Thirty-three nucleotides of 5' flanking sequence including the TATA box are necessary and sufficient for efficient U2 snRNA transcription in Schizosaccharomycespombe},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-29959},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DandekarStripeckeGrayetal.1991,
  author    = {Dandekar, Thomas and Stripecke, Renata and Gray, Nicola K. and Goossen, Britta and Constable, Anne and Johansson, Hans E. and Hentze, Matthias W.},
  title     = {Identification of a novel iron-responsive element in murine and human erythroid \(\delta\)-aminolevulinic acid synthase mRNA},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-29929},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{DandekarArgos1991,
  author    = {Dandekar, Thomas and Argos, Patrick},
  title     = {Chaperonin-mediated protein folding at the surface of groEL through a "molten globule" intermediate},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-29939},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StoeckliLililienNaeherNoeetal.1991,
  author    = {St{\"o}ckli, K. A. and Lililien, L. E. and N{\"a}her- No{\´e}, M. and Breitfeld, G. and Hughes, Richard A. and Raff, M. C. and Thoenen, Hans and Sendtner, Michael},
  title     = {Regional distribution, developmental changes, and cellular localization of CNTF-mRNA and protein in the rat brain},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31172},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a potent survival molecule for a variety of embryonic neurons in culture. The developmental expression of CNTF occurs clearly after the time period of the physiological cell death of CNTF-responsive neurons. This, together with the sites of expression, excludes CNTF as a target-derived neuronal survival factor, at least in rodents. However, CNTF also participates in the induction of type 2 astrocyte differentiation in vitro. Here we demonstrate that the time course of the expression of CNTF-mRNA and protein in the rat optic nerve (as evaluated by quantitative Northern blot analysis and biological activity, respectively) is compatible with such a glial differentiation function of CNTF in vivo. We also show that the type 2 astrocyte-inducing- activity previously demonstrated in optic nerve extract can be precipitated by an antiserum against CNTF. Immunohistochemical analysis of astrocytes in vitro and in vivo demonstrates that the expression of CNTF is confined to a subpopulation of type 1 astrocytes. The olfactory bulb of adult rats has comparably high levels of CNTF to the optic nerve, and here again, CNTF-immunoreactivity is localized in a subpopulation of astrocytes. However, the postnatal expression of CNTF in the olfactory bulb occurs later than in the optic nerve. In other brain regions both CNTF-mRNA and protein levels are much lower.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MaschwitzFialaMoogetal.1991,
  author    = {Maschwitz, Ulrich and Fiala, Brigitte and Moog, J. and Saw, L. G.},
  title     = {Two new myrmecophytic associations from the Malay Peninsula: ants of the genus Cladomyrma as partners of Saraca thaipingensis and Crypteronia griffithii},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-32992},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {In Peninsular Malaysia the trees Saraca thaipingensis (Caesalpiniaceae) and Crypteronia griffithii (Crypteroniaceae) are inhabited by ants. In the vicinity ofGombak, near Kuala Lumpur, the hollow internodes of young Saraca thaipingensis plants are colonized mainly by two Cladomyrma species. In larger trees a Crematogaster sp. is also found. Crypteronia griffithii is inhabited by a third species of Cladomyrma. None of these species is conspecific with any of the three Cladomyrma taxa so far described. The colonies are founded by single mated queens, which have a conspicuous, sphecid wasp-like behaviour when searching for host plants and nest sites. They chew holes into the plant intern odes and hollow them out to provide nest sites. Coccids and pseudococcids are cultivated within the internodes. The homopterans are not carried by queens on their nuptial flights. They apparently find their way by themselves into the cavities or are perhaps carried there by the worker ants. The Cladomyrma ants on Crypteronia are not aggressive, in contrast to those on Saraca thaipingensis. The relationship of Crypteronia with ants seems to be obligatory, whereas Saraca was only partly colonized by Cladomyrma. The interaction of Saraca with Crematogaster sp. is loose and facultative, since the Crematogaster sp. also lives on other tree species. Our studies have now revealed four Cladomyrma spp. which are regularly associated with plants. The genus therefore seems to have an entirely myrmecophytic way of life.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WuBeckerWaagetal.1991,
  author    = {Wu, Y.S. and Becker, Charles R. and Waag, A. and Kraus, M. M. and Bicknell-Tassius, R. N. and Landwehr, G.},
  title     = {Correlation of the Cd-to-Te ratio on CdTe surfaces with the surface structure},
  isbn      = {0163-1829},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-37789},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {We report here that reconstruction on (100), (1lIlA, and (1l1lB CdTe surfaces is either C(2X2), (2X2), and (l X I) or (2X I), (l X I), and (l X I) when they are Cd or Te stabilized, respectively. There is a mixed region between Cd and Te stabilization in which the reflected high-energy electron-diffraction (RHEED) patterns contain characteristics of both Cd- and Te-stabilized surfaces. We have also found that the Cd-to-Te ratio of the x-ray photoelectron intensities of their 3d\(_{3/ 2}\) core levels is about 20\% larger for a Cd-stabilized (1lIlA, (1lIlB, or (100) CdTe surface than for a Te-stabilized one. According to a simple model calculation, which was normalized by means of the photoelectron intensity ratio of a Cd-stabilized (lll)A and aTe-stabilized (1l1lB CdTe surface, the experimental data for CdTe surfaces can be explained by a linear dependence of the photoelectron-intensity ratio on the fraction of Cd in the uppermost monatomic layer. This surface composition can be correlated with the surface structure, i.e., the corresponding RHEED patterns. This correlation can in turn be employed to determine Te and Cd evaporation rates. The Te reevaporation rate is increasingly slower for the Te-stabilized (Ill) A, (l1l)B, and (100) surfaces, while the opposite is true for Cd from Cd-stabilized (Ill) A and (Ill)B surfaces. In addition, Te is much more easily evaporated from all the investigated surfaces than is Cd, if the substrate is kept at normal molecular-beam-epitaxy growth temperatures ranging from 2oo·C to 300 ·C.},
  subject      = {Festk{\"o}rperphysik},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{UlrichsMuellerRuchholtz1991,
  author    = {Ulrichs, Karin and M{\"u}ller-Ruchholtz, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Modulation of pancreatic islet allo immunogenicity and immunobiological in vitro and in vivo consequences},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78261},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Immunobiologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KrzymanskiWaagaUlrichsetal.1991,
  author    = {Krzymanski, M. and Waaga, A. M. and Ulrichs, Karin and M{\"u}ller-Ruchholtz, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Long-standing rat kidney graft survival by a combination of organ perfusion with MHC class II monoclonal antibody and immunosuppression with reduced doses of 15-deoxyspergualin.},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64442},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Niere},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchluppParzefallSchartl1991,
  author    = {Schlupp, I. and Parzefall, J. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Male mate choice in mixed bisexual/-unisexual breeding complexes of Poecilia (Teleostei: Poeciliidae)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-80309},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {The livebearing all-female fish Poecilia formosa reproduces by gynogenesis, a modified form of parthenogenesis. P. formosa forms at least two breeding complexes: in its northern range it exists sympatrically with Poecilia latipinna and in its southern range with Poecilia mexicana. Differences between these complexes and their possible origin are discussed. Embryogenesis is triggered by sperm of males of these closely related sympatric species. Because inheritance is stricdy maternal, from the male point of view energy and time invested are totally lost. In this study we wanted to elucidate whether males are able to distinguish between conspecific and parasitic females. It could be shown that males are able to distinguish females optically, but that this ability was obscured as soon as chemical and/or tactile contact was possible. Furthermore, we found that females in an attractive phase of their sexual cycle are always preferred, regardless of species. This is possibly the mechanism by which parasitic females obtain the matings they need to reproduce.},
  subject      = {Poecilia (Teleostei: Poeciliidae)},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MalitschekSchartl1991,
  author    = {Malitschek, B. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Rapid identification of recombinant baculoviruses using PCR},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-80328},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {no abstract available},
  subject      = {PCR},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LohseKlotzSchwabe1991,
  author    = {Lohse, Martin J. and Klotz, Karl-Norbert and Schwabe, Ulrich},
  title     = {Mechanism of A2 adenosine receptor activation. I. Blockade of A2 adenosine receptors by photoaffinity labeling},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86073},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {It has previously been shown that covalent incorporation of the photoreactive adenosine derivative (R)-2-azido-N6-p-hydroxyphenytisopropyladenosine [(R)-AHPIA] into the A, adenosine receptor of intact fat cells leads to a persistent activation of this receptor, resulting in a reduction of celular cAMP Ieveis [Mol. Pharmacol. 30:403-409 (1986)]. In contrast, covalent incorporation of (R)-AHPIA into human platelet membranes, which contain only stimulatory A2 adenosine receptors, reduces adenytate cyclase Stimulation via these receptors. This effect of (R)-AHPIA is specific for the A2 receptor and can be prevented by the adenosine receptor antagonist theophylline. Binding studies in-dicate that up to 90\% of A2 receptors can be blocked by photoincorporation of (R)-AHPIA. However, the remaining 10-20\% of A2 receptors are sufficient to mediate an adenylate cyclase Stimulation of up to SOOk of the control value. Similarly, the activation via these 10-20\% of receptors occurs with a halflife that is only 2 times Ionger than that in control membranes. This indicates the presence of a receptor reserve, with respect to both the extent and the rate of adenytate cyclase Stimulation. These observations require a modification of the models of receptor-adenytate cyclase coupling, which is described in the accompanying paper [Mol. Pharmacol. 39:524-530 (1991)].},
  subject      = {Adenosinrezeptor},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{SpielmannArendKlotzetal.1991,
  author    = {Spielmann, W. S. and Arend, L. J. and Klotz, Karl-Norbert and Schwabe, U.},
  title     = {Adenosine control of the renal Collecting tubule: receptors and signaling},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86129},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Adenosin},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WilhelmZaccagnini1991,
  author    = {Wilhelm, Gernot and Zaccagnini, Carlo},
  title     = {Excavations at Tell Karrana 3 (1985 and 1986)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-85963},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {no Abstract available},
  subject      = {Tell Karrana},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BergerEllersiekSteinmueller1991,
  author    = {Berger, Susanne and Ellersiek, Ulrike and Steinm{\"u}ller, Klaus},
  title     = {Cyanobacteria contain a mitochrondrial complex I-homologous NADH-dehydrogenase},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31223},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Thylakoid and cytoplasmic membranes of the cyanobacterium Syncchocystis sp. PCC 6803 were purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation. Both membranes oxidize NADH in a rotenone-sensitive reaction. Antibodies prepared against psbG/ndhKand ndhJ fusion proteins detect the corresponding polypeptides in both membrane preparations. This demonstrates that a NADH-dehydrogenase, homologous to the mitochondrial NADHubiquinone-oxidoreductase (complex I of the respiratory chain) is present in cyanobacteria, The NADH-dehydrogenase can be solubilized with the detergent /-D-dodecylmaltoside. Sedimentation analysis of the solubilized enzyme on a sucrose gradient indicates that it is a multisubunit protein complex.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HeinsenHeinsen1991,
  author    = {Heinsen, Helmut and Heinsen, Y. L.},
  title     = {Serial thick, frozen, gallocyanin stained sections of human central nervous system},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-45741},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {A rapid method for macroscopic and microscopic investigation of human CNS is proposed. After fonnalin fixation, gelatin or agarose embedding, and cryoprotective treatment, frozen human spinal cords, brainstems, or hemispheres can be serially cut into 0.7 mm thick slices. Stained with gallocyanin-chromalum, these slices facilitate cytoarchitectonic, neuropathologic, and quantitative examination. Regions of interest from parallel fonnalin-stored unstained slices can be embedded into paraffin and stained by any irnrnunocytologic and histologic stain compatible with fonnalin fixation and paraffin embedding.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Ellgring1991,
  author    = {Ellgring, Johann Heinrich},
  title     = {Introduction. The use of Video for behavior description and intervention},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42019},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SendtnerArakawaStoecklietal.1991,
  author    = {Sendtner, Michael and Arakawa, Yoshihiro and St{\"o}ckli, Kurt A. and Kreutzberg, Georg W. and Thoenen, Hans},
  title     = {Effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on motoneuron survival},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-33048},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {We have demonstrated that the extensive degeneration of motoneurons in the rat facial nucleus after transection of the facial nerve in newborn rats can be prevented by local ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) administration. CNTF differs distinctly from known neurotrophic molecules such as NGF, BDNF and NT-3 in both its molecular characteristics (CNTF is a cytosolic rather than a secretory molecule) and its broad spectrum of biological activities. CNTF is expressed selectively by Schwann cells and astrocytes of the peripheral and central nervous system, respectively, but not by target tissues of the great variety of CNTF -responsive neurons. CNTF mRNA is not detectable by Northern blot or PCR analysis during embryonic development and immediately after birth. However, during the second post-natal week, a more than 30-fold increase in CNTF mRNA and pro tein occurs in the sciatic nerve. Since the period of low CNTF levels in peripheral nerves coincides with that of high vulnerability of motoneurons (i.e. axonallesion results in degeneration of motoneuron cell bodies), insufficient availability of CNTF may be the reason for the rate of lesioninduced cell death of early post-natal motoneurons. Highly enriched embryonic chick motoneurons in culture are supported at survival rates higher than 60\% by CNTF, even in single cell cultures, indicating that CNTF acts directly on motoneurons. In contrast to CNTF, the members of the neurotrophin gene family (NGF, BDNF and NT-3) do not support the survival of motoneurons in culture. However, aFGF and bFGF show distinct survival activities which are additive to those of CNTF, resulting in the survival of virtually all motoneurons cultured in the presence of CNTF and bFGF.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FialaMaschwitz1991,
  author    = {Fiala, Brigitte and Maschwitz, Ulrich},
  title     = {Extrafloral nectaries in the genus Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) in Malaysia: comparative studies of their possible significance as predispositions for myrmecophytism.},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42863},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {So me species of the paleotropical tree genus Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) live in elose association with ants. Thc genus comprises the full range of species from those not regularly inhabited by ants to obligate myrmecophytes. In Malaysia (peninsular and Borneo) 23 ofthe 52 species areknown to be ant-associated (44\%). The simplest structural adaptation of plants to attract ants are extrafloral nectaries. We studied the distribution of extraflural nectaries in the genus Macaranga to assess the significance of this character as a possible predisposition for the evolution of obligate myrmecophytism. All species have marginal glands on the leaves. However, only the glands of nonmyrmecophytic species function as nectaries, whereas liquids secreted by these glands in myrmecophytic species did not contain sugar. Some non-myrmecophytic Macaranga and transitional Macaranga species in addition have extrafloral nectaries on the leaf blade near the petiole insertion. All obligatorily myrmecophytic Macaranga species, however, lack additional glands on the lamina. The non-myrmecophytic species are visited by a variety of different ant species, whereas myrmecophytic Macaranga are associated only with one specific ant-partner. Since these ants keep scale insects in the hollow sterns, reduction of nectary production in ant-inhabited Macaranga seems to be biologically significant. We interpret this as a means of (a) saving the assimilates and (b) stabilization of maintenance of the association's specificity. Competition with other ant species for food rewards is avoided and thereby danger ofweakening the protective function ofthe obligate antpartner for the plant is reduced. A comparison with other euphorb species living in the same habitats as Macaranga showed that in genera in which extrafloral nectaries are widespread, no myrmecophytes have evolved. Possession of extrafloral nectaries does not appear to be essential for the development of symbiotic ant-plant interactions. Other predispositions such as nesting space might have played a more important role.},
  subject      = {Macaranga},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaupmannSendtnerStoecklietal.1991,
  author    = {Kaupmann, Klemens and Sendtner, Michael and St{\"o}ckli, Kurt A. and Jockusch, Harald},
  title     = {The gene of ciliary neurotrophic factor (cntf) maps to murine chromosome 19 and its expression is not affected in the hereditary motoneuron disease 'wobbler' of the mouse},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42626},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {The cDNA for ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), a polypeptide involved in the survival of motoneurons in mammals, has recently been cloned (St{\"o}ckli et al., Nature, 342, 920 - 923, 1989; Lin et al. Science, 246, 1023 - 1025, 1989). We have now localized the corresponding gene Cntf to chromosome 19 in the mouse, using an interspecific cross between Mus spretus and Mus musculus domesticus. The latter was carrying the gene wobbler (wr) for spinal muscular atrophy. DNA was prepared from backcross individuals and typed for the segregation of species-specific Cntf restriction fragments in relation to DNA markers of known chromosomal location. The M.spretus allele of Cntf cosegregated with chromosome 19 markers and mapped closely to Ly-1, to a region of mouse chromosome 19 with conserved synteny to human chromosome 11q. Cntf is not linked to wr, and the expression of CNTF mRNA and protein appears close to normal in facial and sciatic nerves, of affected (wr/wr) mice, suggesting that motoneuron degeneration of wobbler mice has its origin in defects other than reduced CNTF expression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{DabauvalleScheer1991,
  author    = {Dabauvalle, Marie-Christine and Scheer, Ulrich},
  title     = {Assembly of nuclear pore complexes in Xenopus egg extract},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-41194},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Dandekar1991,
  author    = {Dandekar, Thomas},
  title     = {Olbers' Paradox (peer-reviewed scientific correspondence)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31672},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WuBeckerWaagetal.1991,
  author    = {Wu, Y. S. and Becker, Charles R. and Waag, A. and Bicknell-Tassius, R. N. and Landwehr, G.},
  title     = {The effects of laser illumination and high energy electrons on molecular-beam epitaxial growth of CdTe},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-30795},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {We report the results of a detailed investigation on the Te-stabilized (2 x 1) and the Cdstabilized c( 2 X 2) surfaces of ( 100) CdTe substrates. The investigation demonstrates for the first time that both laser illumination and, to a greater extent, high-energy electron irradiation increase the Te desorption and reduce the Cd desorption from ( 100) CdTe surfaces. Thus it is possible by choosing the proper growth temperature and photon or electron fluxes to change the surface reconstruction from the normally Te-stabilized to a Cd-stabilized phase.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KauppSchleyerStolletal.1991,
  author    = {Kaupp, Martin and Schleyer, P. v. R. and Stoll, H. and Preuss, H.},
  title     = {Pseudopotential Approaches to Ca, Sr and Ba Hybrides. Why are some Alkaline Earth MX\(_2\) Compounds Bent?},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31646},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Quasirelativistic and nonrelativistic lo-valence-electronp seudopotentialsf or Ca, Sr, and Ba are presented. Results of calculations with 6s6p5d basis sets for MH, MH\(^+\) , and MH\(_2\), are compared with all-electron and 2-valence-electron pseudopotential calculations with and , without core-polarization potentials. The lo-valence-electron pseudopotential approach agrees well with all-electron calculations. It circumvents problems for the 2-valence-electron pseudopotentials arising from an incomplete separation of valence and subvalence shells in polar molecular systems due to strongly contracted occupied (n - 1 )-d orbitals. All higherlevel calculations show SrH\(_2\) and BaII\(_2\), to be bent with angles of - 140° and 120°, respectively, while CaH\(_2\) is linear with a flat potential-energy surface for the bending motion. The use of a core-polarization potential together with the 2-valence-electronp seudopotentiala pproach allows an investigation of the relative importance of core-polarization vs direct d-orbital bonding participation as reasons for the bent structures. The calculations strongly suggest that both contribute to the bending in SrH\(_2\) and BaII\(_2\). Even at the Hartree-Fock level of theory lovalence- electronp seudopotentialc alculations given reasonablea nglesw hen the potentialenergy surface is not exceedingly flat, and only moderately contracted basis sets including both compact d functions and diffuse p functions are used. The effect of core-valence correlation and the importance off functions also are discussed.},
  subject      = {Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RettingerBurschkaScheebenetal.1991,
  author    = {Rettinger, Klaus and Burschka, Christian and Scheeben, Peter and Fuchs, Heike and Mosandl, Armin},
  title     = {Chiral 2-alkylbranched acids, esters and alcohols. Preparation and stereospecific flavour evaluation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31898},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Racemic 2-alkylbranched acids are transformed to diastereomeric derivatives with (S)-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionic acid-N-methylamide or (S)-(-)-l-phenylethylamine and separated by liquid chromatography to pure diastereoisomers, which are subsequently hydrolyzed to yield optically pure acids. Enantiomeric alcohols are generated by LiAlH4-reduction of the corresponding acids, esters are synthesized by different methods. The odour impression of the enantiomeric compounds is investigated.},
  subject      = {S{\"a}ure},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchuesslerTalarico1991,
  author    = {Sch{\"u}ssler, Ulrich and Talarico, F.},
  title     = {Granulite facies rocks from the Ross orogenic belt, Northern-Victoria-Land, Antarctica},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-81889},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {no abstract available},
  subject      = {Geographie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GonzalezCaleroCuberoKlotz1991,
  author    = {Gonzalez-Calero, G. and Cubero, A. and Klotz, Karl-Norbert},
  title     = {Characterization and photoaffinity labeling of A1 adenosine receptors in coated visicles form bovine brain},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86004},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {The antagonist (3 II ) DPCPX exhi bitcd a Kd of 0. 4 nM at coalcd vcsicles from bovine brain. Agonist compelition for ( 3 11) DPCPX bind in~ revcaled two affini ty slales for gonists. The pholoaffinity probe I25 I -AHPIA specifically labelled a band with a molecular weight of 35 Kd.},
  subject      = {Pharmakologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchartlErbeldingDenkNandaetal.1991,
  author    = {Schartl, Manfred and Erbelding-Denk, Claudia and Nanda, Indrajit and Schmid, Michael and Schr{\"o}der, Johannes Horst and Epplen, J{\"o}rg T.},
  title     = {Mating success of subordinate males in a poeciliid fish species, Limia perugiae},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86349},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Lebendgeb{\"a}rende Zahnkarpfen},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AdamMauelerSchartl1991,
  author    = {Adam, Dieter and Maueler, Winfried and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Transcriptional activation of the melanoma inducing Xmrk oncogene in Xiphophorus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87584},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {The melanoma inducing locus of Xiphophorus encodes a tumorigenic version of a novel putative receptor tyrosine kinase (Xmrk). To elucidate the mechanism of oncogenic activation of Xmrk, we compared the structure and expression of two oncogenic loci with the corresponding proto-oncogene. Only minor structural alterations were found to be specific for the oncogenic Xmrk genes. Marked overexpression of the oncogene transcripts in melanoma, which are approximately 1 kb shorter than the proto-oncogene transcript, correlates with the malignancy of the tumors. The tumor transcripts are derived from an alternative transcription start site that is used only in the oncogenic loci. Thus, oncogenic activation of the melanoma inducing Xmrk gene appears primarily to be due to novel transcriptional control and overexpression.},
  subject      = {Schwertk{\"a}rpfling},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HannigOttilieSchartl1991,
  author    = {Hannig, Gerhard and Ottilie, Sabine and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Conservation of structure and expression of the c-yes and fyn genes in lower vertebrates},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86723},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {The src-gene family in mammals and birds consists of 9 closely related protein tyrosine kinases. We have cloned the c-yes and fyn bomologues of the src-family from the teleost fish Xiphophorus helleri. Both genes show a high degree of sequence conservation and exhibit all structural motifs diagnostic for functional src-like protein tyrosine kinases. Sequence comparisons revealed three domains (exon 2, exons 3--6, exons 7-12) which evolve at different rates. Both genes exhibit an identical expression pattern, with preferential expression in neural tissues. No transcripts of c-yes were found in liver wbich is contrary to the situation in higher vertebrales. In malignant melanoma, elevated Ieveis of c-yes andfyn were detected indicating a possible function during secondary steps of tumor progression for src-related tyrosine kinases.},
  subject      = {Konservierung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Wilhelm1991,
  author    = {Wilhelm, Gernot},
  title     = {A Hurrian Letter from Tell Brak},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-85972},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Tell Brak},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{EpplenAmmerEpplenetal.1991,
  author    = {Epplen, J. T. and Ammer, H. and Epplen, C. and Kammerbauer, C. and Mitreiter, R. and Roewer, L. and Schwaiger, W. and Steimle, V. and Zischler, H. and Albert, E. and Andreas, A. and Beyermann, B. and Meyer, W. and Buitkamp, J. and Nanda, I. and N{\"u}rnberg, P. and Pena, S. D. J. and P{\"o}che, H. and Sprecher, W. and Schartl, Manfred and Weising, K. and Yassouridis, A.},
  title     = {Oligonucleotide fingerprinting using simple repeat motifs: a convenient, ubiquitously applicable method to detect hypervariability for multiple purposes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86371},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {A panel of simple repetitive oligonucleotide probes has been designed and tested for multilocus DNA fingerprinting in some 200 fungal, plant and animal species as well as man. To date at least one of the probes has been found to be informative in each species. The human genome, however, has been the major target of many fingerprintins studies. Using the probe (CAC)5 or (GTG)5, individualization of all humans is possible except for monozygotic twins. Paternity analyses are now perfonned on a routine basis by the use of multilocus fingerprints, inctuding also cases of deficiency, i.e. where one of the parents is not available for analysis. In forensie science stain analysis is feasible in all tissue remains containing nuc)eated cells. Depending on the degree of DNA degradation a variety of oligonucleotides are informative, and they have been proven useful in actual case work. Advantages in comparison to other methods including enzymatic DNA amplification techniques (PCR) are evident. Fingerprint patterns of tumors may be changed due to the gain or loss of chromosomes and/or intrachromosomal deletion and amplification events. Locus-specific probes were isolated from the human (CAC)5/( GTG)5 fingerprint with a varying degree of informativeness (monomorphic versus truly hypervariable markers). The feasibility of three different approaches. for the isolation of hypervariable mono-locus probes was evaluated. Finally, one particular mixed simple (gt)n(ga)m repeat locus in the second intron of the HLA-DRB genes has been scrutinized to allow comparison of the extent of exon-encoded (protein-) polymorphisms versus intronie bypervariability of simple repeats: adjacent to a single gene sequence (e.g. HLA-DRB1*0401) many different length alleles were found. Group-specific structures of basic repeats were identified within the evolutionarily related DRB alleles. As a further application it is suggested here that due to the ubiquitous interspersion of their targets, short probes for simple repeat sequences are especially useful tools for ordering genomic cosmid, yeast artificial chromosome and phage banks.},
  subject      = {DNS},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{AdamSchartlAndexingeretal.1991,
  author    = {Adam, D. and Schartl, A. and Andexinger, S. and H{\"o}lter, S. and Wilde, B. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Genetic factors in tumour formation: The melanoma-inducing gene of Xiphophorus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86388},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Humangenetik},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchrotenWolskePlogmannetal.1991,
  author    = {Schroten, Horst and Wolske, Anja and Plogmann, Ricarda and Hanisch, Franz-Georg and Hacker, J{\"o}rg and Uhlenbr{\"u}ck, Gerhard and Wahn, Volker},
  title     = {Binding of cloned S-fimbriated E. coli to human buccal epithelial cells-different inhibition of binding by neonatal saliva and adult saliva.},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86291},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Investigations were carried out on the adhesion of cloned S-fimbriated E. coli, labelled with fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITC) to human buccal epithelial cells. Fluorescence microscopic analysis revealed binding of bacteria to 75-95\% of epithelial cells. Inhibition experiments with fetuin, a 1-acid glycoprotein and N-acetyl neuraminic acid confirmed the specificity of bacterial binding to sialoglycoproteins. Further studies using saliva as an inhibitor resulted in a 4-5 times stronger binding inhibition by newborn saliva in comparison to adult saliva coinciding with a 4-5 times higher content of total N-acetyl neuraminic acid in samples of newborn saliva. In Western blot analysis sialoglycoprotein bands with a molecular weight >200 kD reacting with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), were only identified in samples of newborn saliva. These bands are classified as mucins on account of molecular weight and staining. These data suggest that saliva mucins could represent a major defense mechanism against bacterial infections at a stage of ontogeny where the secretory IgAsystem is not yet developed.},
  subject      = {Escherichia coli},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ParkkinenHackerKorhonen1991,
  author    = {Parkkinen, Jaakko and Hacker, J{\"o}rg and Korhonen, Timo K.},
  title     = {Enhancement of tissue plasminogen activator-catalyzed plasminogen activation by Escherichia coli S fimbriae associated with neonatal septicaemia and meningitis.},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-71566},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {The effect of Escherichia coli strains isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid of septic infants on plasminogen activation was studied. These strains typically carry a filamentous surface protein, S fimbria, that has formerly been shown to bind to endothelial cells and interact with plasminogen. The bacteria effectively promoted plasminogen activation by tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) which was inhibited by e-aminocaproic acid. A recombinant strain expressing S fimbriae accelerated t-PAcatalyzed plasminogen activation to a similar extent as did the wild-type strains whereas the nonfimbriate recipient strain had no effect. After incubation with t-PA and plasminogen, the S-fimbriate strain displayed bacterium-bound plasmin activity whereas the nonfimbriate strain did not. Bacterium-associated plasmin generation was also observed with a strain expressing mutagenized S fimbriae that Iack the cell-binding subunit SfaS but not with a strain lacking the major subunit SfaA. Both t-PA and plasminogen bound to purified S fimbriae in a lysine-dependent manner and purified S fimbriae accelerated t-PA-catalyzed plasminogen activation. The results indicate that E. coli S fimbriae form a complex with t-PA and plasminogen which enhances the rate of plasminogen activation and generates bacterium-bound plasmin. This may promote bacterial invasion and persistence in tissues and contribute to the systemic activation of fibrinolysis in septicaemia.},
  subject      = {Escherichia coli},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Lutz1991,
  author    = {Lutz, Werner K.},
  title     = {Dose-response relationships in chemical carcinogenesis: from DNA adducts to tumor incidence},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-71625},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Mechanistic possibilitles responsible for nonlinear shapes of the dose-response relationship in chemical carcinogenesis are discussed. (i) Induction and saturation of enzymatic activation and detoxification processes and of DNA repair affect the relationship between dose and steady-state DNA adduct Ievel; (ii) The fixation of DNA adducts in the form of mutations is accelerated by stimulation of the cell division, for Jnstance due to regenerative hyperplasia at cytotoxic dose Ievels; (iii) The rate of tumor formation results from a superposition of the rates of the individual steps. It can become exponential with dose if more than one step is accelerated by the DNA damage exerted by the genotoxic carcinogen. The strongly sigmoidal shapes often observed for dose-tumor incidence relationships in animal bioassays supports this analysis. A power of four for the dose in the su~linear part of the curve is the maximum observed (formaldehyde). In contrast to animal experiments, epidemiological data ln humans rarely show a slgnificant deviation from linearity. The discrepancy might be explained by the fact that a I arge nu mber of genes contribute to the overall sensitivity of an individual and to the respective heterogeneity within the human population. Mechanistic nonlinearities are flattened out in the presence of genetic and life-style factors which affect the sensitivity for the development of cancer. For a risk assessment, linear extrapolation from the high-dose lncidence to the spontaneaus rate can therefore be approprlate in a heterogeneous population even if the mechanism of action would result in a nonlinear shape of the dose-response curve in a homogeneaus population.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{ShephardMeierLutz1991,
  author    = {Shephard, S. E. and Meier, I. and Lutz, Werner K.},
  title     = {Alkylating potency of nitrosated amino acids and peptides},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86320},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Tbe alkylating potency of unstable N-nitrosamino acids and N-nitrosopeptides was investigated in vitro using 4-(para-nitrobenzyl)pyridine (NBP) as nucleophile. Of the amino acids, Met and those with an aromatic side chain were the most potent. The relative overall alkylating potency was 23:10:5:4:2:1: for Trp, Met, His, 1)rr, Phe and Gly, respectively. The homo-dipeptides were much more potent than the amino acids, with relative potencies of 400:110:100:8:3:1, for Trp-Trp, l)T-'I)T, Met-Met, Asp-Asp, Phe-Phe and Gly, respectively. In the one-phase reaction system (in which NBP is already present durlog the nitrosation reaction at acidic pH), all amino acids tested showed a second-order reaction for nitrite. In the two-phase system (in which NBP is added only after bringing the nitrosation reaction mixture to neutrality), all amino acids tested except one again showed a second-order reaction for nitrite (Phe, His, Asp and the dipeptide artiticial sweetener aspartame); only Met under these conditions bad a reaction order of one for nitrite. This could mean that nitrosation of the side chain of Metproduces a second N-nitroso product which is relatively stable in acid but reacts with NBP under neutral conditions. In the human stomach, this side-chain nitrosation might become more important than the reactions at the primary amino group, firstly because of the greater stability of the product(s) in acid and secondly because of the tirst-order reaction rate for nitrite. A decrease in nitrite concentration from the millimolar concentrations ofthe in-vitro assay to the micromolar concentrations in the stomach reduces the reaction rate by a factor of 1000 for the side-chain nitrosation, whereas a million-fold reduction will be observed for nitrosation of the amino group.},
  subject      = {Aminos{\"a}uren},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ThiryScheerGoessens1991,
  author    = {Thiry, Marc and Scheer, Ulrich and Goessens, Guy},
  title     = {Localization of nucleolar chromatin by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization at the electron microscopic level},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-39289},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {Nucleoli are the morphological expression of the activity of a defined set of chromosomal segments bearing rRNA genes. The topological distribution and composition of the intranucleolar chromatin as well as the definition of nucleolar structures in which enzymes of the rDNA transcription machinery reside have been investigated in mammalian cells by various immunogold labelling approaches at the ultrastructural level. The precise intranucleolar location of rRNA genes has been further specified by electron microscopic in situ hybridization with a non-autoradiographic procedure. Our results indicate that the fibrillar centers are the sole nucleolar structures where rDNA, core histones, RNA polymerase I and DNA to po isomerase I are located together. Taking into account the potential value and limitations of immunoelectron microscopic techniques, we propose that transcription of the rRNA genes takes place within the confines of the fibrillar centers, probably close to the boundary regions to the surrounding dense fibrillar component.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{NaeslundSchneider1991,
  author    = {N{\"a}slund, Jan Carol and Schneider, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Longitudinal effects of verbal ability, memory capacity, and phonological awareness on reading performance},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86606},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {This study addresses the longitudinal relationship among verbal ability, memory capacity, phonological awareness, and reading performance. Data from 92 German children were used to explore the exact relation among these variables. Indicators of verbal ability, memory capacity, and phonological awareness were assessed in kindergarten and again after the first grade. The interrelationships among these factors, and the subsequent influence they have on decoding speed and reading comprehension during the second grade were examined via structural equation modefing procedures. Overall, the results of the longitudinal analyses show that the relationship of memory capacity and phonological awareness remains stable over time, and that memory capacity predicts performance on phonological awareness tasks in both kindergarten and second grade. Phonological awareness proved to be a significant predictor of decoding speed, which in turn considerably influenced reading comprehension.},
  subject      = {Lesef{\"a}higkeit},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PauliHartlMarquardtetal.1991,
  author    = {Pauli, Paul and Hartl, Lydia and Marquardt, Christian and Stalmann, Henrica and Strian, Friedrich},
  title     = {Heartbeat and arrhythmia perception in diabetic autonomic neuropathy},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-73599},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {A comparative study of diabetics with autonomic neuropathy (N = 13) as against nonneuropathic diabetics (N = 16) and healthy control persons (N = 20) was carried out with respect 10 heart rate both at rest and under stress, frequency of cardiac arrhythmias in a 24-h ECG and accuracy of heartbeat and arrhythmia perception. In the subjects with diabetic autonomic neuropathy, the spontaneaus variability and stress-induced reactivity of the heart rate as weil as the number of tachycardic episodes were reduced, whereas the frequency of ventricular extrasystoles was somewhat increased. Impaired heartbeat perception and a complete Ioss of perception of arrhythmias as a consequence of neuropathic deafferentation could be demonstrated. Cardiac perception disordersalso playavital roJe in other clinical problems, e.g. silent myocardial infarction and Iack of awareness of hypoglycaemia in diabetes mellitus.},
  subject      = {Psychologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PauliMarquardtHartletal.1991,
  author    = {Pauli, Paul and Marquardt, Christian and Hartl, Lydia and Nutzinger, Detlef O. and H{\"o}lzl, Rupert and Strian, Friedrich},
  title     = {Anxiety induced by cardiac perceptions in patients with panic attack: a field study},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61334},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {In panic disorder bodily sensations appear to play an important role as a trigger for anxiety. In our psychophysiological model of panic attacks we postulate the following vicious circle: individuals with panic attacks perceive even quite small increases in heart rate and interpret these changes as being catastrophic. This elicits anxiety and a further increase in heart rate. To evaluate this model we conducted a field study of 28 subjects with panic attacks and 20 healthy controls. A 24 hr ambulatory ECG was recorded and the subjects were instructed to report any cardiac perceptions during this period and to rate the anxiety elicited by these perceptions. The incidence of cardiac perceptions was about the same in both groups, but only subjects with panic attacks reported anxiety associated with such perceptions. Analysis of the ECGs revealed that in both groups heart rate accelerations preceded cardiac perceptions. Following cardiac perceptions, the healthy controls showed a heart rate deceleration, whereas the subjects with panic attacks had a further acceleration. This heart rate increase after cardiac perceptions was positively related to the level of anxiety elicited by the perceptions. These results provide clear evidence in support of the vicious circle model of panic attacks.},
  subject      = {Psychologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchneiderSodian1991,
  author    = {Schneider, Wolfgang and Sodian, Beate},
  title     = {A longitudinal study of young children's memory behavior and Performance in a sort-recall task},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62169},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Psychologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BossertLaessleMeilleretal.1991,
  author    = {Bossert, Sabine and Laessle, Reinhold G. and Meiller, Caroline and Junker, Matthias and Ellgring, Johann Heinrich and Pirke, Karl-Martin},
  title     = {Visual palatability of food in patients with eating disorders and dieting women},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42466},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {The effects of 19 meals of different caloric content on slides on palatability and hypothetical duration of consumption were investigated in 7 patients with anorexia nervosa, 17 patients with bulimia nervosa at the beginning and after 8 weeks of hospital treatment. Nine healthy females served as controls. At the beginning of treatment, palatability of low caloric food was significantly higher and hypothetical duration of consumption of high caloric food was significantly longer in patients when compared to controls. After 8 weeks, in the patients palatability of low caloric food had decreased. Dislike for high caloric food remained stable in anorexics.},
  language  = {en}
}