TY - JOUR A1 - Cristalli, G. A1 - Franchetti, P. A1 - Grifantini, M. A1 - Vittori, S. A1 - Klotz, Karl-Norbert A1 - Lohse, M. J. T1 - Adenosine receptor agonists: Synthesis and biological evaluation of 1-deaza analogues of adenosine N2 - In a search for more selective A\(_1\) adenosine receptor agonists, N\(^6\)-[(R)-(-)-1-methyl-2-phenethyl]-1-deazaadenosine (1-deaza-R-PIA, 3a), N\(^6\)-cyclopentyl-1-deazaadenosine (1-deazaCPA, 3b), N\(^6\)-cyclohexyl-l-deazaadenosine (1-deazaCHA, Sc), and the corresponding 2-chloro derivatives 2a-c were synthesized from 5,7-dichloro-3-ß-D-ribofuranosyl-3Himidazo[ 4,5-b]pyridine (1). On the other band, N-ethyl-1'-deoxy-1'-(1-deaza-6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-ß-D-ribofuranuronamide (1-deazaNECA, 10) was prepared from 7-nitro-3-ß-D-ribofuranosyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (4), in an attempt to find a more selective A\(_2\) agonist. The activity of all deaza analogues at adenosine receptors has been determined in adenylate cyclase andin radioligand binding studies. 1-DeazaNECA (10) proved tobe a nonselective agonist at both subtypes of the adenosine receptor. It is about 10-fold less active than NECA but clearly more active than the parent compound 1-deazaadenosine as an inhibitor of platelet aggregation and as a stimulator of cyclic AMP accumulation. The N\(^6\)-substituted 1-deazaadenosines largely retain the A\(_1\) agonist activity of their parent compounds, but lose some of their A\(_2\) agonist activity. This results in A\(_1\)-selective compounds, of which N\(^6\)cyclopentyl- 2-chloro-1-deazaadenosine (1-deaza-2-Cl-CPA, 2b) was identified as the most selective agonist at A\(_1\) adenosine receptors so far known. The activity of all 1-deaza analogues confirms that the presence of the nitrogen atom at position 1 of the purine ring is not critical for A\(_1\) receptor mediated adenosine actions. KW - Toxikologie Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60262 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christl, Manfred A1 - Nusser, R. A1 - Herzog, C. T1 - 4-Bromoctavalen und zwei (Brommethylen)homobenzvalene anstelle eines erwarteten Bromoctabisvalens N2 - No abstract available. KW - Organische Chemie Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-58409 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christl, Manfred A1 - Kraft, A. T1 - Tricyclo[3.1.1.0\(^{2,6}\)]hexandion (das Valen des o-Benzochinons), Bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-2,3-dion und Valene eines Chinoxalins, des Phenazins sowie eines Benzophenazins N2 - No abstract available KW - Organische Chemie Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-58459 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christl, Manfred A1 - Kraft, A. T1 - Tricyclo[3.1.1.0\(^{2,6}\)]hexandion (the Valen of o-Benzochinons), Bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-2,3-dion and Valene of a Chinoxalins, of Phenazins and of a Benzophenazine N2 - No abstract available KW - Organische Chemie Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-58462 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christl, Manfred A1 - Henneberger, H. A1 - Freund, S. T1 - Halbkäfigverbindungen aus Polycyclen mit einem Bicyclo[1.1.0]butan-System und dazu benachbarter Azobrücke durch Radikalreaktionen mit Thiophenol und Bromtrichlormethan T1 - Half-Cage Compounds by Radical Reactions with Thiophenol and Bromotrchloromethane from Polycyclic Compounds with a Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane System and an Adjacent Azo Bridge N2 - Aus Benzvalen (J) und 3,6-Bis(2-pyridyl)-l,2,4,5-tetrazin wurde das Dihydropyridazin 2c erhalten, das ebenso wie die bekannten Dihydropyridazine 2a, b mit Cyclopropen in die entsprechende Azoverbindung 3 überging. Addition von Thiophenol an 3a, c und 5 lieferte unter Beteiligung des Bicyclobutan-Systems und der Azofunktion die Halbkäfigverbindungen 4a, c bzw. 6. Aus der Umsetzung von 7, in dem die Azobrücke durch zwei BicycJobutan- Systeme flankiert ist, mit Thiophenol sowie Bromtrichlormethan gingen die Halbkäfigverbindungen 8 bzw. 9 hervor. An diesen ~eaktionen wirken beide Bicyclobutan-Systeme und die Azofunktion mit. N2 - Dihydropyridazine 2c was obtained from benzvalene (1) and 3,6- bis(2-pyridyJ)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine. Like the known dihydropyridazines 2a, b. compound 2c was converted into the corresponding azo compound 3 by treatment with cyclopropene. The addition of thiophenol to 3a, c and S yielded the half-cage compounds 4a, c and 6, respectively. In these processes the bicyclobutane system and the azo functionality are involved. Treatment of 7, in which the azo bridge has two bicyclobutane neighbours, with thiophenol and bromotrichloromethane led to the formation of the half-cage compounds 8 and 9, ~spectively. Both the bicyclobuta_ne systems and the azo functionality are transformed in these reactions. KW - Organische Chemie Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-58440 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christl, Manfred A1 - Freund, S. A1 - Henneberger, H. A1 - Kraft, A. A1 - Hauck, J. A1 - Irngartinger, H. T1 - Several Polycyclic Valence Isomers of Dimethyl [14]Annulene-1,8-dicarboxylate. Reactivity of a "Nonconjugated" Bis(bicyclo[1.1.0]butane) N2 - Diels-Alder reaction of dimethyl 1,2,4,5-tetrazine-3,6-dicarboxylate (5) with benzvalene (4), norbornene, and norbornadiene afforded the azo compounds 7 and 8. Theseare derivatives of 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene as is azo compound 3, which had been obtained previously from 5 and 2 equiv of benzvalene (4). The photochemical extrusion of nitrogen from 3, 7, and 8 has been studied. Whereas 7 and 8 on direct irradiation in benzene gave rise exclusively to the bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane derivatives 9 and 10, respectively, from 3 in addition to the bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane 11, the diolefin 1l was formed. Diolefin 12 has cisdouble bonds in the nine-membered ring and is fixed in a boat conformation in a manner so that the two bicyclobutane systems approach each other very closely. This geometry suggests the unusual ring opening of the intermediate 1,4-cyclohexanediyl diradical from a boat conformation, which arises by inversion of the primarily generated boat conformation. Sensitized photolysis of 3 as weilasthat of ll produced the saturated isomer 13 of 11 and 12. The proximity of the bicyclobutane systems in 1l causes unprecedented reactions leading to cage compounds. When ll was heated at 90 °C, a rearrangement to the pentacyclic product 10 took place. Utilization of tetradeuteriated substrate ll-d4 supported a pathway with two diradical intermediates. Behaving in a convcntional manncr, bicyclobutane 9 and bis(bicyclobutane) 11 took up 1 and 2 equiv of thiophenol most probably in a radical-chain addition to give the thioethers 28 and 19, respectively. In contrast, bis(bicyclobutane) ll was converted by 1 equiv of thiophenol into cagc compound 30 in a process involving both the strained a systems. Heating at 80 °C subjected 30 to a reversible Copc rearrangement, resulting in a 6:1 mixture of 31 and 30. When it was treated with bromine, 11 was transformed to cage compound 38. This addition is believed to proceed via a cationic intermediate. The structure of cage compound 10 was established by a singlc-crystal X-ray analysis of dialcohol 11 prepared from 20 and methyllithium. KW - Organische Chemie Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-58413 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Busche, Detlef A1 - Sponholz, Barbara T1 - Karsterscheinungen in nichtkarbonatischen Gesteinen der Republik Niger N2 - Vorgestellt werden Lösungsformen in karbonatfreien Sandsteinen und Eisenkrusten der östlichen Republik Niger. Diese Formen haben eine außerordentlich weite Verbreitung und sind wesentliche Elemente der Landschaft. Beschrieben werden sowohl auf den Dachflächen der südsaharisch/sahelischen Schichtstufen entwickelte Depressionen mit subterraner Entwässerung als auch an Wadi hängen und steilen Stufenabschnitten gekappte, horizontal bis schräg verlaufende Höhlen und Röhren. Viele dieser Lösungsformen sind zumindest in Resten noch von einer Eisen- oder Kieselkruste ausgekleidet, die u.a. als Indiz für eine Entstehung der Formen im Grundwasserbereich angesehen werden kann. Die Anlage der Karstformen wäre demnach noch vor die Herauspräparierung der Stufen und Inselberge im ausgehenden Tertiär zu stellen. Die Karstformen in nichtkarbonatischen Gesteinen gleichen bis ins Detail denen des Karbonatkarstes. Eine initiale Formung durch äolische oder fluviatile Prozesse oder durch Piping kann ausgeschlossen werden. N2 - The authors describe subaerial and subterranean solution features in noncarbonatic sandstones and iron crusts from eastern Niger. They are of common occurence and are an important element of the landscape. The paper discusses karst depressions of various sizes on all the plateau surfaces of the saharo-sahelian scarpland and mesa landscape, together with their subterranean network of tubes and caves. In some tubes relicts of an iron or silica coating are preserved, one evidence among other, morphological ones that the passageways developed when completely filled with groundwater. The system originated during the Miocene and became dismembered during Pliocene scarpland and inselberg formation. The noncarbonatic karst forms closely resemble those of carbonate karst. Aeolian and fluvial processes, including piping, can be excluded as having created these landforms. KW - Geographie Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-55858 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benavente, Ricardo A1 - Schmidt-Zachmann, Marion S. A1 - Hügle-Dörr, B. A1 - Reimer, G. A1 - Rose, K. M. A1 - Scheer, Ulrich T1 - Identification and definition of nucleolus-related fibrillar bodies in micronucleated cells N2 - Small nucleolus-related bodies which occur in the nUcleoplasm of " micronuclei" lacking nucleolar organizers have been studied by immunofluorescence microscopy. These bodies stained specifically with three different antibodies directed against proteins that are normally associated with the dense fibrillar component of functional nucleoli, but not with antibodies specific for certain proteins of the granular component or the fibrillar centers. Our data show that, in the absence of rRNA genes, the various constituent proteins characteristic of the dense fibrillar component spontaneously assemble into spherical entities but that the subsequent fusion of these bodies into larger structures is prevented in these micronuclei. The similarity between these nucleolus-related bodies of micronuclei and the prenucleolar bodies characteristic of early stages of nucleologenesis during mitotic telophase is discussed. Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-39423 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benavente, Ricardo A1 - Reimer, Georg A1 - Rose, Kathleen M. A1 - Hügle-Dörr, Barbara A1 - Scheer, Ulrich T1 - Nucleolar changes after microinjection of antibodies to RNA polymerase I into the nucleus of mammalian cells N2 - After microinjection of antibodies against RNA polymerase I into the nuclei of cultured rat kangaroo (PtKz) and rat (RVF-SMC) cells alterations in nucleolar structure and composition were observed. These were detected by electron microscopy and double-label immunofluorescence microscopy using antibodies to proteins representative of the three major components of the nucleolus. The microinjected antibodies produced a progressive loss of the material of the dense fibrillar component (DFC) from the nucleoli which, at 4 h after injection, were transformed into bodies with purely granular component (GC) structure with attached fibrillar centers (FCs). Concomitantly, numerous extranucleolar aggregates appeared in the nucleoplasm which morphologically resembled fragments of the DFC and contained a protein (fibrillarin) diagnostic for this nucleolar structure. These observations indicate that the topological distribution of the material constituting the DFC can be experimentally influenced in interphase cells, apparently by modulating the transcriptional activity of the rRNA genes. These effects are different from nucleolar lesions induced by inhibitory drugs such as actinomycin D-dependent "nucleolar segregation". The structural alterations induced by antibodies to RNA polymerase I resemble, however, the initial events of nucleolar disintegration during mitotic prophase. Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40666 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Adam, D. A1 - Wittbrodt, J. A1 - Telling, A. A1 - Schartl, Manfred T1 - RFLP for an EGF-receptor related gene associated with the melanoma oncogene locus of Xiphophorus maculatus N2 - No abstract available KW - Physiologische Chemie Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61822 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Verantwortung in Umwelt und Schöpfung : eine Unterrichtsreihe für den Religionsunterricht der 10. Jahrgangsstufe an Gymnasien und Realschulen N2 - No abstract available KW - Religionsunterricht Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-56873 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Jahresbericht 1987 T1 - Annual Report 1987 N2 - Die Entwicklung der Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg im Jahr 1987. N2 - Annual Report of the University Library of Würzburg, 1987. T3 - Jahresbericht der Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg - 1987 KW - Würzburg KW - Universitätsbibliothek KW - Bericht KW - Jahresbericht KW - Würzburg KW - University Library KW - Report KW - Annual Report KW - Wuerzburg KW - Wurzburg Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42319 ER -