TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mages, Michelle
A1  - Shojaa, Mahdieh
A1  - Kohl, Matthias
A1  - Stengel, Simon von
A1  - Becker, Clemens
A1  - Gosch, Markus
A1  - Jakob, Franz
A1  - Kerschan-Schindl, Katharina
A1  - Kladny, Bernd
A1  - Klöckner, Nicole
A1  - Lange, Uwe
A1  - Middeldorf, Stefan
A1  - Peters, Stefan
A1  - Schoene, Daniel
A1  - Sieber, Cornel C.
A1  - Tholen, Reina
A1  - Thomasius, Friederike E.
A1  - Uder, Michael
A1  - Kemmler, Wolfgang
T1  - Exercise effects on Bone Mineral Density in men
JF  - Nutrients
N2  - In contrast to postmenopausal women, evidence for a favorable effect of exercise on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is still limited for men. This might be due to the paucity of studies, but also to the great variety of participants and study characteristics that may dilute study results. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of exercise on BMD changes with rational eligibility criteria. A comprehensive search of six electronic databases up to 15 March 2021 was conducted. Briefly, controlled trials ≥6 months that determined changes in areal BMD in men >18 years old, with no apparent diseases or pharmacological therapy that relevantly affect bone metabolism, were included. BMD changes (standardized mean differences: SMD) of the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) were considered as outcomes. Twelve studies with 16 exercise and 12 control groups were identified. The pooled estimate of random-effect analysis was SMD = 0.38, 95%-CI: 0.14–0.61 and SMD = 0.25, 95%-CI: 0.00–0.49, for LS and FN, respectively. Heterogeneity between the trials was low–moderate. Funnel plots and rank and regression correlation tests indicate evidence for small study publication bias for LS but not FN-BMD. Subgroup analyses that focus on study length, type of exercise and methodologic quality revealed no significant difference between each of the three categories. In summary, we provided further evidence for a low but significant effect of exercise on BMD in men. However, we are currently unable to give even rough exercise recommendations for male cohorts.
KW  - Bone Mineral Density
KW  - exercise
KW  - men
KW  - overview
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-250247
SN  - 2072-6643
VL  - 13
IS  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kemmler, Wolfgang
A1  - Kohl, Matthias
A1  - Jakob, Franz
A1  - Engelke, Klaus
A1  - Stengel, Simon von
T1  - Effects of high intensity dynamic resistance exercise and whey protein supplements on osteosarcopenia in older men with low bone and muscle mass. Final results of the randomized controlled FrOST study
JF  - Nutrients
N2  - The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of high intensity dynamic resistance exercise (HIT-DRT) and whey protein supplementation (WPS) on bone mineral density (BMD) and sarcopenia parameters in osteosarcopenic men. Men ≥ 72 years with osteosarcopenia (n = 43) were randomly assigned to a HIT-RT (HIT-RT: n = 21) or a non-training control group (n = 22). Supervised HIT-RT twice/week was applied for 18 months, while the control group maintained their habitual lifestyle. Supplying WPS, total protein intake amounted to 1.5–1.6 (HIT-RT) and 1.2 g/kg/body mass/d (control). Both groups were supplied with calcium and vitamin D. Primary study outcomes were BMD and the sarcopenia Z-score. After adjusting for multiplicity, we observed significant positive effects for sarcopenia Z-score (standardized mean difference (SMD): 1.40), BMD at lumbar spine (SMD: 0.72) and total hip (SMD: 0.72). In detail, effect sizes for skeletal muscle mass changes were very pronounced (1.97, p < 0.001), while effects for functional sarcopenia parameters were moderate (0.87, p = 0.008; handgrip strength) or low (0.39, p = 0.209; gait velocity). Apart from one man who reported short periods of temporary worsening of existing joint pain, no HIT-RT/WPS-related adverse effects or injuries were reported. We consider HIT-RT supported by whey protein supplementation as a feasible, attractive, safe and highly effective option to fight osteosarcopenia in older men.
KW  - resistance exercise
KW  - osteopenia
KW  - sarcopenia
KW  - bone mineral density
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-211108
SN  - 2072-6643
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
ER  -