TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rickman, Kimberly A.
A1  - Lach, Francis P.
A1  - Abhyankar, Avinash
A1  - Donovan, Frank X.
A1  - Sanborn, Erica M.
A1  - Kennedy, Jennifer A.
A1  - Sougnez, Carrie
A1  - Gabriel, Stacey B.
A1  - Elemento, Olivier
A1  - Chandrasekharappa, Settara C.
A1  - Schindler, Detlev
A1  - Auerbach, Arleen D.
A1  - Smogorzewska, Agata
T1  - Deficiency of UBE2T, the E2 Ubiquitin Ligase Necessary for FANCD2 and FANCI Ubiquitination, Causes FA-T Subtype of Fanconi Anemia
JF  - Cell Reports
N2  - Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare bone marrow failure and cancer predisposition syndrome resulting from pathogenic mutations in genes encoding proteins participating in the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Mutations in 17 genes (FANCA-FANCS) have been identified in FA patients, defining 17 complementation groups. Here, we describe an individual presenting with typical FA features who is deficient for the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), UBE2T. UBE2T is known to interact with FANCL, the E3 ubiquitin-ligase component of the multiprotein FA core complex, and is necessary for the monoubiquitination of FANCD2 and FANCI. Proband fibroblasts do not display FANCD2 and FANCI monoubiquitination, do not form FANCD2 foci following treatment with mitomycin C, and are hypersensitive to crosslinking agents. These cellular defects are complemented by expression of wild-type UBE2T, demonstrating that deficiency of the protein UBE2T can lead to Fanconi anemia. UBE2T gene gains an alias of FANCT.
KW  - cross-link repair
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - gene
KW  - mutations
KW  - aldehydes
KW  - somatic mosaicism
KW  - pathway
KW  - monoubiquitination
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - proteins
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-151525
VL  - 12
SP  - 35
EP  - 41
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Djuzenova, Cholpon S.
A1  - Zimmermann, Marcus
A1  - Katzer, Astrid
A1  - Fiedler, Vanessa
A1  - Distel, Luitpold V.
A1  - Gasser, Martin
A1  - Waaga-Gasser, Anna-Maria
A1  - Flentje, Michael
A1  - Polat, Bülent
T1  - A prospective study on histone γ-H2AX and 53BP1 foci expression in rectal carcinoma patients: correlation with radiation therapy-induced outcome
JF  - BMC Cancer
N2  - Background
The prognostic value of histone γ-H2AX and 53BP1 proteins to predict the radiotherapy (RT) outcome of patients with rectal carcinoma (RC) was evaluated in a prospective study. High expression of the constitutive histone γ-H2AX is indicative of defective DNA repair pathway and/or genomic instability, whereas 53BP1 (p53-binding protein 1) is a conserved checkpoint protein with properties of a DNA double-strand breaks sensor.

Methods
Using fluorescence microscopy, we assessed spontaneous and radiation-induced foci of γ-H2AX and 53BP1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from unselected RC patients (n = 53) undergoing neoadjuvant chemo- and RT. Cells from apparently healthy donors (n = 12) served as references.

Results
The γ-H2AX assay of in vitro irradiated lymphocytes revealed significantly higher degree of DNA damage in the group of unselected RC patients with respect to the background, initial (0.5 Gy, 30 min) and residual (0.5 Gy and 2 Gy, 24 h post-radiation) damage compared to the control group. Likewise, the numbers of 53BP1 foci analyzed in the samples from 46 RC patients were significantly higher than in controls except for the background DNA damage. However, both markers were not able to predict tumor stage, gastrointestinal toxicity or tumor regression after curative RT. Interestingly, the mean baseline and induced DNA damage was found to be lower in the group of RC patients with tumor stage IV (n = 7) as compared with the stage III (n = 35). The difference, however, did not reach statistical significance, apparently, because of the limited number of patients.

Conclusions
The study shows higher expression of γ-H2AX and 53BP1 foci in rectal cancer patients compared with healthy individuals. Yet the data in vitro were not predictive in regard to the radiotherapy outcome.
KW  - radiosensitivity
KW  - peripheral blood lymphocytes
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - DNA damage
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-125303
VL  - 15
IS  - 856
ER  -