TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pagotto, Sara
A1  - Simeone, Pasquale
A1  - Brocco, Davide
A1  - Catitti, Giulia
A1  - De Bellis, Domenico
A1  - Vespa, Simone
A1  - Di Pietro, Natalia
A1  - Marinelli, Lisa
A1  - Di Stefano, Antonio
A1  - Veschi, Serena
A1  - De Lellis, Laura
A1  - Verginelli, Fabio
A1  - Kaitsas, Francesco
A1  - Iezzi, Manuela
A1  - Pandolfi, Assunta
A1  - Visone, Rosa
A1  - Tinari, Nicola
A1  - Caruana, Ignazio
A1  - Di Ianni, Mauro
A1  - Cama, Alessandro
A1  - Lanuti, Paola
A1  - Florio, Rosalba
T1  - CAR-T-derived extracellular vesicles: a promising development of CAR-T anti-tumor therapy
JF  - Cancers
N2  - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogenous population of plasma membrane-surrounded particles that are released in the extracellular milieu by almost all types of living cells. EVs are key players in intercellular crosstalk, both locally and systemically, given that they deliver their cargoes (consisting of proteins, lipids, mRNAs, miRNAs, and DNA fragments) to target cells, crossing biological barriers. Those mechanisms further trigger a wide range of biological responses. Interestingly, EV phenotypes and cargoes and, therefore, their functions, stem from their specific parental cells. For these reasons, EVs have been proposed as promising candidates for EV-based, cell-free therapies. One of the new frontiers of cell-based immunotherapy for the fight against refractory neoplastic diseases is represented by genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) lymphocytes, which in recent years have demonstrated their effectiveness by reaching commercialization and clinical application for some neoplastic diseases. CAR-T-derived EVs represent a recent promising development of CAR-T immunotherapy approaches. This crosscutting innovative strategy is designed to exploit the advantages of genetically engineered cell-based immunotherapy together with those of cell-free EVs, which in principle might be safer and more efficient in crossing biological and tumor-associated barriers. In this review, we underlined the potential of CAR-T-derived EVs as therapeutic agents in tumors.
KW  - extracellular vesicles
KW  - CAR-T cells
KW  - tumors
KW  - anti-tumor agents
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-304195
SN  - 2072-6694
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Götz, Ralph
A1  - Panzer, Sabine
A1  - Trinks, Nora
A1  - Eilts, Janna
A1  - Wagener, Johannes
A1  - Turrà, David
A1  - Di Pietro, Antonio
A1  - Sauer, Markus
A1  - Terpitz, Ulrich
T1  - Expansion Microscopy for Cell Biology Analysis in Fungi
JF  - Frontiers in Microbiology
N2  - Super-resolution microscopy has evolved as a powerful method for subdiffraction-resolution fluorescence imaging of cells and cellular organelles, but requires sophisticated and expensive installations. Expansion microscopy (ExM), which is based on the physical expansion of the cellular structure of interest, provides a cheap alternative to bypass the diffraction limit and enable super-resolution imaging on a conventional fluorescence microscope. While ExM has shown impressive results for the magnified visualization of proteins and RNAs in cells and tissues, it has not yet been applied in fungi, mainly due to their complex cell wall. Here we developed a method that enables reliable isotropic expansion of ascomycetes and basidiomycetes upon treatment with cell wall degrading enzymes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and structured illumination microscopy (SIM) images of 4.5-fold expanded sporidia of Ustilago maydis expressing fluorescent fungal rhodopsins and hyphae of Fusarium oxysporum or Aspergillus fumigatus expressing either histone H1-mCherry together with Lifeact-sGFP or mRFP targeted to mitochondria, revealed details of subcellular structures with an estimated spatial resolution of around 30 nm. ExM is thus well suited for cell biology studies in fungi on conventional fluorescence microscopes.
KW  - Expansion microscopy
KW  - fluorescence microscopy
KW  - fungi
KW  - sporidia
KW  - hyphae
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-202569
SN  - 1664-302X
VL  - 11
ER  -