TY  - JOUR
A1  - Berendzen, Kenneth W.
A1  - Weiste, Christoph
A1  - Wanke, Dierk
A1  - Kilian, Joachim
A1  - Harter, Klaus
A1  - Dröge-Laser, Wolfgang
T1  - Bioinformatic cis-element analyses performed in Arabidopsis and rice disclose bZIP- and MYB-related binding sites as potential AuxRE-coupling elements in auxin-mediated transcription
N2  - Background: In higher plants, a diverse array of developmental and growth-related processes is regulated by the plant hormone auxin. Recent publications have proposed that besides the well-characterized Auxin Response Factors (ARFs) that bind Auxin Response Elements (AuxREs), also members of the bZIP- and MYB-transcription factor (TF) families participate in transcriptional control of auxin-regulated genes via bZIP Response Elements (ZREs) or Myb Response Elements (MREs), respectively. Results: Applying a novel bioinformatic algorithm, we demonstrate on a genome-wide scale that singular motifs or composite modules of AuxREs, ZREs, MREs but also of MYC2 related elements are significantly enriched in promoters of auxin-inducible genes. Despite considerable, species-specific differences in the genome structure in terms of the GC content, this enrichment is generally conserved in dicot (Arabidopsis thaliana) and monocot (Oryza sativa) model plants. Moreover, an enrichment of defined composite modules has been observed in selected auxin-related gene families. Consistently, a bipartite module, which encompasses a bZIP-associated G-box Related Element (GRE) and an AuxRE motif, has been found to be highly enriched. Making use of transient reporter studies in protoplasts, these findings were experimentally confirmed, demonstrating that GREs functionally interact with AuxREs in regulating auxin-mediated transcription. Conclusions: Using genome-wide bioinformatic analyses, evolutionary conserved motifs have been defined which potentially function as AuxRE-dependent coupling elements to establish auxin-specific expression patterns. Based on these findings, experimental approaches can be designed to broaden our understanding of combinatorial, auxin-controlled gene regulation.
KW  - Arabidopsis
KW  - Cis-elements
KW  - cis-element modules
KW  - Auxin-regulated transcription
KW  - AuxRE
KW  - bZIP
KW  - MYB
KW  - MYC
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-75138
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kilian, W.
A1  - Ohl, T.
A1  - Reuter, J.
A1  - Speckner, C.
T1  - QCD in the color-flow representation
JF  - Journal of High Energy Physics
N2  - For many practical purposes, it is convenient to formulate unbroken non-abelian gauge theories like QCD in a color-flow basis. We present a new derivation of SU(N) interactions in the color-flow basis by extending the gauge group to U(N) × U(1)′ in such a way that the two U(1) factors cancel each other. We use the quantum action principles to show the equivalence to the usual basis to all orders in perturbation theory. We extend the known Feynman rules to exotic color representations (e.g. sextets) and discuss practical applications as they occur in automatic computation programs.
KW  - QCD
KW  - scattering amplitudes
KW  - 1/N expansion
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-129583
VL  - 10
IS  - 022
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kämmerer, Peer W.
A1  - Tribius, Silke
A1  - Cohrs, Lena
A1  - Engler, Gabriel
A1  - Ettl, Tobias
A1  - Freier, Kolja
A1  - Frerich, Bernhard
A1  - Ghanaati, Shahram
A1  - Gosau, Martin
A1  - Haim, Dominik
A1  - Hartmann, Stefan
A1  - Heiland, Max
A1  - Herbst, Manuel
A1  - Hoefert, Sebastian
A1  - Hoffmann, Jürgen
A1  - Hölzle, Frank
A1  - Howaldt, Hans-Peter
A1  - Kreutzer, Kilian
A1  - Leonhardt, Henry
A1  - Lutz, Rainer
A1  - Moergel, Maximilian
A1  - Modabber, Ali
A1  - Neff, Andreas
A1  - Pietzka, Sebastian
A1  - Rau, Andrea
A1  - Reichert, Torsten E.
A1  - Smeets, Ralf
A1  - Sproll, Christoph
A1  - Steller, Daniel
A1  - Wiltfang, Jörg
A1  - Wolff, Klaus-Dietrich
A1  - Kronfeld, Kai
A1  - Al-Nawas, Bilal
T1  - Adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx and solitary ipsilateral lymph node metastasis (pN1) — a prospective multicentric cohort study
JF  - Cancers
N2  - (1) Background: Evaluation of impact of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity/oropharynx (OSCC) of up to 4 cm (pT1/pT2) and solitary ipsilateral lymph node metastasis (pN1). A non-irradiated group with clinical follow-up was chosen for control, and survival and quality of life (QL) were compared; (2) Methods: This prospective multicentric comprehensive cohort study included patients with resected OSCC (pT1/pT2, pN1, and cM0) who were allocated into adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) or observation. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival and QL after surgery; (3) Results: Out of 27 centers, 209 patients were enrolled with a median follow-up of 3.4 years. An amount of 137 patients were in the observation arm, and 72 received adjuvant irradiation. Overall survival did not differ between groups (hazard ratio (HR) 0.98 [0.55–1.73], p = 0.94). There were fewer neck metastases (HR 0.34 [0.15–0.77]; p = 0.01), as well as fewer local recurrences (HR 0.41 [0.19–0.89]; p = 0.02) under adjuvant RT. For QL, irradiated patients showed higher values for the symptom scale pain after 0.5, two, and three years (all p < 0.05). After six months and three years, irradiated patients reported higher symptom burdens (impaired swallowing, speech, as well as teeth-related problems (all p < 0.05)). Patients in the RT group had significantly more problems with mouth opening after six months, one, and two years (p < 0.05); (4) Conclusions: Adjuvant RT in patients with early SCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx does not seem to influence overall survival, but it positively affects progression-free survival. However, irradiated patients report a significantly decreased QL up to three years after therapy compared to the observation group.
KW  - oral squamous cell carcinoma
KW  - oropharyngeal carcinoma
KW  - surgery
KW  - resection
KW  - radiotherapy
KW  - survival
KW  - progression-free survival
KW  - quality of life
KW  - prospective
KW  - multicentric
KW  - lymph node
KW  - pN1
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-311024
SN  - 2072-6694
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Haake, Markus
A1  - Haack, Beatrice
A1  - Schäfer, Tina
A1  - Harter, Patrick N.
A1  - Mattavelli, Greta
A1  - Eiring, Patrick
A1  - Vashist, Neha
A1  - Wedekink, Florian
A1  - Genssler, Sabrina
A1  - Fischer, Birgitt
A1  - Dahlhoff, Julia
A1  - Mokhtari, Fatemeh
A1  - Kuzkina, Anastasia
A1  - Welters, Marij J. P.
A1  - Benz, Tamara M.
A1  - Sorger, Lena
A1  - Thiemann, Vincent
A1  - Almanzar, Giovanni
A1  - Selle, Martina
A1  - Thein, Klara
A1  - Späth, Jacob
A1  - Gonzalez, Maria Cecilia
A1  - Reitinger, Carmen
A1  - Ipsen-Escobedo, Andrea
A1  - Wistuba-Hamprecht, Kilian
A1  - Eichler, Kristin
A1  - Filipski, Katharina
A1  - Zeiner, Pia S.
A1  - Beschorner, Rudi
A1  - Goedemans, Renske
A1  - Gogolla, Falk Hagen
A1  - Hackl, Hubert
A1  - Rooswinkel, Rogier W.
A1  - Thiem, Alexander
A1  - Romer Roche, Paula
A1  - Joshi, Hemant
A1  - Pühringer, Dirk
A1  - Wöckel, Achim
A1  - Diessner, Joachim E.
A1  - Rüdiger, Manfred
A1  - Leo, Eugen
A1  - Cheng, Phil F.
A1  - Levesque, Mitchell P.
A1  - Goebeler, Matthias
A1  - Sauer, Markus
A1  - Nimmerjahn, Falk
A1  - Schuberth-Wagner, Christine
A1  - Felten, Stefanie von
A1  - Mittelbronn, Michel
A1  - Mehling, Matthias
A1  - Beilhack, Andreas
A1  - van der Burg, Sjoerd H.
A1  - Riedel, Angela
A1  - Weide, Benjamin
A1  - Dummer, Reinhard
A1  - Wischhusen, Jörg
T1  - Tumor-derived GDF-15 blocks LFA-1 dependent T cell recruitment and suppresses responses to anti-PD-1 treatment
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - Immune checkpoint blockade therapy is beneficial and even curative for some cancer patients. However, the majority don’t respond to immune therapy. Across different tumor types, pre-existing T cell infiltrates predict response to checkpoint-based immunotherapy. Based on in vitro pharmacological studies, mouse models and analyses of human melanoma patients, we show that the cytokine GDF-15 impairs LFA-1/β2-integrin-mediated adhesion of T cells to activated endothelial cells, which is a pre-requisite of T cell extravasation. In melanoma patients, GDF-15 serum levels strongly correlate with failure of PD-1-based immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Neutralization of GDF-15 improves both T cell trafficking and therapy efficiency in murine tumor models. Thus GDF-15, beside its known role in cancer-related anorexia and cachexia, emerges as a regulator of T cell extravasation into the tumor microenvironment, which provides an even stronger rationale for therapeutic anti-GDF-15 antibody development.
KW  - cancer microenvironment
KW  - immunotherapy
KW  - T cells
KW  - tumour immunology
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357333
VL  - 14
ER  -