TY - JOUR A1 - Willems, Coen H. M. P. A1 - Urlichs, Florian A1 - Seidenspinner, Silvia A1 - Kunzmann, Steffen A1 - Speer, Christian P. A1 - Kramer, Boris W. T1 - Poractant alfa (Curosurf (R)) increases phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by alveolar macrophages in vivo JF - Respiratory Research N2 - Background: Clearance of apoptotic neutrophils in the lung is an essential process to limit inflammation, since they could become a pro-inflammatory stimulus themselves. The clearance is partially mediated by alveolar macrophages, which phagocytose these apoptotic cells. The phagocytosis of apoptotic immune cells by monocytes in vitro has been shown to be augmented by several constituents of pulmonary surfactant, e. g. phospholipids and hydrophobic surfactant proteins. In this study, we assessed the influence of exogenous poractant alfa (Curosurf (R)) instillation on the in vivo phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by alveolar macrophages. Methods: Poractant alfa (200 mg/kg) was instilled intratracheally in the lungs of three months old adult male C57/Black 6 mice, followed by apoptotic neutrophil instillation. Bronchoalveloar lavage was performed and alveolar macrophages and neutrophils were counted. Phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils was quantified by determining the number of apoptotic neutrophils per alveolar macrophages. Results: Exogenous surfactant increased the number of alveolar macrophages engulfing apoptotic neutrophils 2.6 fold. The phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils was increased in the presence of exogenous surfactant by a 4.7 fold increase in phagocytosed apoptotic neutrophils per alveolar macrophage. Conclusions: We conclude that the anti-inflammatory properties of surfactant therapy may be mediated in part by increased numbers of alveolar macrophages and increased phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by alveolar macrophages. KW - preterm KW - surfactant protein-A KW - respiratory-distress-syndrome KW - synthetic surfactant KW - human monocytes KW - SIRP-alpha KW - lung KW - cells KW - inflammation KW - resolution KW - anti inflammation KW - drug therapy KW - surfactant Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130721 VL - 13 IS - 17 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brixner, T. A1 - Aeschlimann, M. A1 - Fischer, A. A1 - Geisler, P. A1 - Goetz, S. A1 - Hecht, B. A1 - Huang, J. S. A1 - Keitzl, T. A1 - Kramer, C. A1 - Melchior, P. A1 - Pfeiffer, W. A1 - Razinskas, G. A1 - Rewitz, C. A1 - Schneider, C. A1 - Strüber, C. A1 - Tuchscherer, P. A1 - Voronine, D. V. T1 - Coherent spectroscopies on ultrashort time and length scales JF - EPJ Web of Conferences N2 - Three spectroscopic techniques are presented that provide simultaneous spatial and temporal resolution: modified confocal microscopy with heterodyne detection, space-time-resolved spectroscopy using coherent control concepts, and coherent two-dimensional nano-spectroscopy. Latest experimental results are discussed. KW - coherent spectroscopy KW - ultrashort time KW - length scale Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-129073 VL - 41 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gabriel, Katharina M. A. A1 - Jírů-Hillmann, Steffi A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Selig, Udo A1 - Rücker, Victoria A1 - Mühler, Johannes A1 - Dötter, Klaus A1 - Keidel, Matthias A1 - Soda, Hassan A1 - Rascher, Alexandra A1 - Schneider, Rolf A1 - Pfau, Mathias A1 - Hoffmann, Roy A1 - Stenzel, Joachim A1 - Benghebrid, Mohamed A1 - Goebel, Tobias A1 - Doerck, Sebastian A1 - Kramer, Daniela A1 - Haeusler, Karl Georg A1 - Volkmann, Jens A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Fluri, Felix T1 - Two years' experience of implementing a comprehensive telemedical stroke network comprising in mainly rural region: the Transregional Network for Stroke Intervention with Telemedicine (TRANSIT-Stroke) JF - BMC Neurology N2 - Background Telemedicine improves the quality of acute stroke care in rural regions with limited access to specialized stroke care. We report the first 2 years' experience of implementing a comprehensive telemedical stroke network comprising all levels of stroke care in a defined region. Methods The TRANSIT-Stroke network covers a mainly rural region in north-western Bavaria (Germany). All hospitals providing acute stroke care in this region participate in TRANSIT-Stroke, including four hospitals with a supra-regional certified stroke unit (SU) care (level III), three of those providing teleconsultation to two hospitals with a regional certified SU (level II) and five hospitals without specialized SU care (level I). For a two-year-period (01/2015 to 12/2016), data of eight of these hospitals were available; 13 evidence-based quality indicators (QIs) related to processes during hospitalisation were evaluated quarterly and compared according to predefined target values between level-I- and level-II/III-hospitals. Results Overall, 7881 patients were included (mean age 74.6 years +/- 12.8; 48.4% female). In level-II/III-hospitals adherence of all QIs to predefined targets was high ab initio. In level-I-hospitals, three patterns of QI-development were observed: a) high adherence ab initio (31%), mainly in secondary stroke prevention; b) improvement over time (44%), predominantly related to stroke specific diagnosis and in-hospital organization; c) no clear time trends (25%). Overall, 10 out of 13 QIs reached predefined target values of quality of care at the end of the observation period. Conclusion The implementation of the comprehensive TRANSIT-Stroke network resulted in an improvement of quality of care in level-I-hospitals. KW - pilot project KW - care tempis KW - ischemic stroke KW - thrombolysis KW - areas KW - time KW - hospitals KW - mortality KW - outcomes KW - quality Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229214 VL - 20 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Silwedel, Christine A1 - Hütten, Matthias C. A1 - Speer, Christian P. A1 - Härtel, Christoph A1 - Haarmann, Axel A1 - Henrich, Birgit A1 - Tijssen, Maud P. M. A1 - Alnakhli, Abdullah Ahmed A1 - Spiller, Owen B. A1 - Schlegel, Nicolas A1 - Seidenspinner, Silvia A1 - Kramer, Boris W. A1 - Glaser, Kirsten T1 - Ureaplasma-driven neonatal neuroinflammation: novel insights from an ovine model JF - Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology N2 - Ureaplasma species (spp.) are considered commensals of the adult genitourinary tract, but have been associated with chorioamnionitis, preterm birth, and invasive infections in neonates, including meningitis. Data on mechanisms involved in Ureaplasma-driven neuroinflammation are scarce. The present study addressed brain inflammatory responses in preterm lambs exposed to Ureaplasma parvum (UP) in utero. 7 days after intra-amniotic injection of UP (n = 10) or saline (n = 11), lambs were surgically delivered at gestational day 128–129. Expression of inflammatory markers was assessed in different brain regions using qRT-PCR and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by multiplex immunoassay. CSF was analyzed for UP presence using ureB-based real-time PCR, and MRI scans documented cerebral white matter area and cortical folding. Cerebral tissue levels of atypical chemokine receptor (ACKR) 3, caspases 1-like, 2, 7, and C–X–C chemokine receptor (CXCR) 4 mRNA, as well as CSF interleukin-8 protein concentrations were significantly increased in UP-exposed lambs. UP presence in CSF was confirmed in one animal. Cortical folding and white matter area did not differ among groups. The present study confirms a role of caspases and the transmembrane receptors ACKR3 and CXCR4 in Ureaplasma-driven neuroinflammation. Enhanced caspase 1-like, 2, and 7 expression may reflect cell death. Increased ACKR3 and CXCR4 expression has been associated with inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) diseases and impaired blood–brain barrier function. According to these data and previous in vitro findings from our group, we speculate that Ureaplasma-induced caspase and receptor responses affect CNS barrier properties and thus facilitate neuroinflammation. KW - Ureaplasma parvum KW - CNS integrity KW - neonatal meningitis KW - preterm birth KW - immaturity KW - animal model Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324285 VL - 43 IS - 2 ER -