TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zaho, Huaying
A1  - Ghirlando, Rodolfo
A1  - Alfonso, Carlos
A1  - Arisaka, Fumio
A1  - Attali, Ilan
A1  - Bain, David L.
A1  - Bakhtina, Marina M.
A1  - Becker, Donald F.
A1  - Bedwell, Gregory J.
A1  - Bekdemir, Ahmet
A1  - Besong, Tabot M. D.
A1  - Birck, Catherine
A1  - Brautigam, Chad A.
A1  - Brennerman, William
A1  - Byron, Olwyn
A1  - Bzowska, Agnieszka
A1  - Chaires, Jonathan B.
A1  - Chaton, Catherine T.
A1  - Coelfen, Helmbut
A1  - Connaghan, Keith D.
A1  - Crowley, Kimberly A.
A1  - Curth, Ute
A1  - Daviter, Tina
A1  - Dean, William L.
A1  - Diez, Ana I.
A1  - Ebel, Christine
A1  - Eckert, Debra M.
A1  - Eisele, Leslie E.
A1  - Eisenstein, Edward
A1  - England, Patrick
A1  - Escalante, Carlos
A1  - Fagan, Jeffrey A.
A1  - Fairman, Robert
A1  - Finn, Ron M.
A1  - Fischle, Wolfgang
A1  - Garcia de la Torre, Jose
A1  - Gor, Jayesh
A1  - Gustafsson, Henning
A1  - Hall, Damien
A1  - Harding, Stephen E.
A1  - Hernandez Cifre, Jose G.
A1  - Herr, Andrew B.
A1  - Howell, Elizabeth E.
A1  - Isaac, Richard S.
A1  - Jao, Shu-Chuan
A1  - Jose, Davis
A1  - Kim, Soon-Jong
A1  - Kokona, Bashkim
A1  - Kornblatt, Jack A.
A1  - Kosek, Dalibor
A1  - Krayukhina, Elena
A1  - Krzizike, Daniel
A1  - Kusznir, Eric A.
A1  - Kwon, Hyewon
A1  - Larson, Adam
A1  - Laue, Thomas M.
A1  - Le Roy, Aline
A1  - Leech, Andrew P.
A1  - Lilie, Hauke
A1  - Luger, Karolin
A1  - Luque-Ortega, Juan R.
A1  - Ma, Jia
A1  - May, Carrie A.
A1  - Maynard, Ernest L.
A1  - Modrak-Wojcik, Anna
A1  - Mok, Yee-Foong
A1  - Mücke, Norbert
A1  - Nagel-Steger, Luitgard
A1  - Narlikar, Geeta J.
A1  - Noda, Masanori
A1  - Nourse, Amanda
A1  - Obsil, Thomas
A1  - Park, Chad K
A1  - Park, Jin-Ku
A1  - Pawelek, Peter D.
A1  - Perdue, Erby E.
A1  - Perkins, Stephen J.
A1  - Perugini, Matthew A.
A1  - Peterson, Craig L.
A1  - Peverelli, Martin G.
A1  - Piszczek, Grzegorz
A1  - Prag, Gali
A1  - Prevelige, Peter E.
A1  - Raynal, Bertrand D. E.
A1  - Rezabkova, Lenka
A1  - Richter, Klaus
A1  - Ringel, Alison E.
A1  - Rosenberg, Rose
A1  - Rowe, Arthur J.
A1  - Rufer, Arne C.
A1  - Scott, David J.
A1  - Seravalli, Javier G.
A1  - Solovyova, Alexandra S.
A1  - Song, Renjie
A1  - Staunton, David
A1  - Stoddard, Caitlin
A1  - Stott, Katherine
A1  - Strauss, Holder M.
A1  - Streicher, Werner W.
A1  - Sumida, John P.
A1  - Swygert, Sarah G.
A1  - Szczepanowski, Roman H.
A1  - Tessmer, Ingrid
A1  - Toth, Ronald T.
A1  - Tripathy, Ashutosh
A1  - Uchiyama, Susumu
A1  - Uebel, Stephan F. W.
A1  - Unzai, Satoru
A1  - Gruber, Anna Vitlin
A1  - von Hippel, Peter H.
A1  - Wandrey, Christine
A1  - Wang, Szu-Huan
A1  - Weitzel, Steven E
A1  - Wielgus-Kutrowska, Beata
A1  - Wolberger, Cynthia
A1  - Wolff, Martin
A1  - Wright, Edward
A1  - Wu, Yu-Sung
A1  - Wubben, Jacinta M.
A1  - Schuck, Peter
T1  - A Multilaboratory Comparison of Calibration Accuracy and the Performance of External References in Analytical Ultracentrifugation
JF  - PLoS ONE
N2  - Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) is a first principles based method to determine absolute sedimentation coefficients and buoyant molar masses of macromolecules and their complexes, reporting on their size and shape in free solution. The purpose of this multi-laboratory study was to establish the precision and accuracy of basic data dimensions in AUC and validate previously proposed calibration techniques. Three kits of AUC cell assemblies containing radial and temperature calibration tools and a bovine serum albumin (BSA) reference sample were shared among 67 laboratories, generating 129 comprehensive data sets. These allowed for an assessment of many parameters of instrument performance, including accuracy of the reported scan time after the start of centrifugation, the accuracy of the temperature calibration, and the accuracy of the radial magnification. The range of sedimentation coefficients obtained for BSA monomer in different instruments and using different optical systems was from 3.655 S to 4.949 S, with a mean and standard deviation of (4.304\(\pm\)0.188) S (4.4%). After the combined application of correction factors derived from the external calibration references for elapsed time, scan velocity, temperature, and radial magnification, the range of s-values was reduced 7-fold with a mean of 4.325 S and a 6-fold reduced standard deviation of \(\pm\)0.030 S (0.7%). In addition, the large data set provided an opportunity to determine the instrument-to-instrument variation of the absolute radial positions reported in the scan files, the precision of photometric or refractometric signal magnitudes, and the precision of the calculated apparent molar mass of BSA monomer and the fraction of BSA dimers. These results highlight the necessity and effectiveness of independent calibration of basic AUC data dimensions for reliable quantitative studies.
KW  - fluorescence-detected sedimentation
KW  - size exclusion chromatography
KW  - field flow fractionation
KW  - spinco ultracentrifuge
KW  - aggregation
KW  - bead models
KW  - velocity
KW  - hydrodynamics
KW  - biopharmaceuticals
KW  - proteins
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-151903
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bousquet, Jean
A1  - Anto, Josep M.
A1  - Bachert, Claus
A1  - Haahtela, Tari
A1  - Zuberbier, Torsten
A1  - Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa
A1  - Bedbrook, Anna
A1  - Bosnic‐Anticevich, Sinthia
A1  - Walter Canonica, G.
A1  - Cardona, Victoria
A1  - Costa, Elisio
A1  - Cruz, Alvaro A.
A1  - Erhola, Marina
A1  - Fokkens, Wytske J.
A1  - Fonseca, Joao A.
A1  - Illario, Maddalena
A1  - Ivancevich, Juan‐Carlos
A1  - Jutel, Marek
A1  - Klimek, Ludger
A1  - Kuna, Piotr
A1  - Kvedariene, Violeta
A1  - Le, LTT
A1  - Larenas‐Linnemann, Désirée E.
A1  - Laune, Daniel
A1  - Lourenço, Olga M.
A1  - Melén, Erik
A1  - Mullol, Joaquim
A1  - Niedoszytko, Marek
A1  - Odemyr, Mikaëla
A1  - Okamoto, Yoshitaka
A1  - Papadopoulos, Nikos G.
A1  - Patella, Vincenzo
A1  - Pfaar, Oliver
A1  - Pham‐Thi, Nhân
A1  - Rolland, Christine
A1  - Samolinski, Boleslaw
A1  - Sheikh, Aziz
A1  - Sofiev, Mikhail
A1  - Suppli Ulrik, Charlotte
A1  - Todo‐Bom, Ana
A1  - Tomazic, Peter‐Valentin
A1  - Toppila‐Salmi, Sanna
A1  - Tsiligianni, Ioanna
A1  - Valiulis, Arunas
A1  - Valovirta, Erkka
A1  - Ventura, Maria‐Teresa
A1  - Walker, Samantha
A1  - Williams, Sian
A1  - Yorgancioglu, Arzu
A1  - Agache, Ioana
A1  - Akdis, Cezmi A.
A1  - Almeida, Rute
A1  - Ansotegui, Ignacio J.
A1  - Annesi‐Maesano, Isabella
A1  - Arnavielhe, Sylvie
A1  - Basagaña, Xavier
A1  - D. Bateman, Eric
A1  - Bédard, Annabelle
A1  - Bedolla‐Barajas, Martin
A1  - Becker, Sven
A1  - Bennoor, Kazi S.
A1  - Benveniste, Samuel
A1  - Bergmann, Karl C.
A1  - Bewick, Michael
A1  - Bialek, Slawomir
A1  - E. Billo, Nils
A1  - Bindslev‐Jensen, Carsten
A1  - Bjermer, Leif
A1  - Blain, Hubert
A1  - Bonini, Matteo
A1  - Bonniaud, Philippe
A1  - Bosse, Isabelle
A1  - Bouchard, Jacques
A1  - Boulet, Louis‐Philippe
A1  - Bourret, Rodolphe
A1  - Boussery, Koen
A1  - Braido, Fluvio
A1  - Briedis, Vitalis
A1  - Briggs, Andrew
A1  - Brightling, Christopher E.
A1  - Brozek, Jan
A1  - Brusselle, Guy
A1  - Brussino, Luisa
A1  - Buhl, Roland
A1  - Buonaiuto, Roland
A1  - Calderon, Moises A.
A1  - Camargos, Paulo
A1  - Camuzat, Thierry
A1  - Caraballo, Luis
A1  - Carriazo, Ana‐Maria
A1  - Carr, Warner
A1  - Cartier, Christine
A1  - Casale, Thomas
A1  - Cecchi, Lorenzo
A1  - Cepeda Sarabia, Alfonso M.
A1  - H. Chavannes, Niels
A1  - Chkhartishvili, Ekaterine
A1  - Chu, Derek K.
A1  - Cingi, Cemal
A1  - Correia de Sousa, Jaime
A1  - Costa, David J.
A1  - Courbis, Anne‐Lise
A1  - Custovic, Adnan
A1  - Cvetkosvki, Biljana
A1  - D'Amato, Gennaro
A1  - da Silva, Jane
A1  - Dantas, Carina
A1  - Dokic, Dejan
A1  - Dauvilliers, Yves
A1  - De Feo, Giulia
A1  - De Vries, Govert
A1  - Devillier, Philippe
A1  - Di Capua, Stefania
A1  - Dray, Gerard
A1  - Dubakiene, Ruta
A1  - Durham, Stephen R.
A1  - Dykewicz, Mark
A1  - Ebisawa, Motohiro
A1  - Gaga, Mina
A1  - El‐Gamal, Yehia
A1  - Heffler, Enrico
A1  - Emuzyte, Regina
A1  - Farrell, John
A1  - Fauquert, Jean‐Luc
A1  - Fiocchi, Alessandro
A1  - Fink‐Wagner, Antje
A1  - Fontaine, Jean‐François
A1  - Fuentes Perez, José M.
A1  - Gemicioğlu, Bilun
A1  - Gamkrelidze, Amiran
A1  - Garcia‐Aymerich, Judith
A1  - Gevaert, Philippe
A1  - Gomez, René Maximiliano
A1  - González Diaz, Sandra
A1  - Gotua, Maia
A1  - Guldemond, Nick A.
A1  - Guzmán, Maria‐Antonieta
A1  - Hajjam, Jawad
A1  - Huerta Villalobos, Yunuen R.
A1  - Humbert, Marc
A1  - Iaccarino, Guido
A1  - Ierodiakonou, Despo
A1  - Iinuma, Tomohisa
A1  - Jassem, Ewa
A1  - Joos, Guy
A1  - Jung, Ki‐Suck
A1  - Kaidashev, Igor
A1  - Kalayci, Omer
A1  - Kardas, Przemyslaw
A1  - Keil, Thomas
A1  - Khaitov, Musa
A1  - Khaltaev, Nikolai
A1  - Kleine‐Tebbe, Jorg
A1  - Kouznetsov, Rostislav
A1  - Kowalski, Marek L.
A1  - Kritikos, Vicky
A1  - Kull, Inger
A1  - La Grutta, Stefania
A1  - Leonardini, Lisa
A1  - Ljungberg, Henrik
A1  - Lieberman, Philip
A1  - Lipworth, Brian
A1  - Lodrup Carlsen, Karin C.
A1  - Lopes‐Pereira, Catarina
A1  - Loureiro, Claudia C.
A1  - Louis, Renaud
A1  - Mair, Alpana
A1  - Mahboub, Bassam
A1  - Makris, Michaël
A1  - Malva, Joao
A1  - Manning, Patrick
A1  - Marshall, Gailen D.
A1  - Masjedi, Mohamed R.
A1  - Maspero, Jorge F.
A1  - Carreiro‐Martins, Pedro
A1  - Makela, Mika
A1  - Mathieu‐Dupas, Eve
A1  - Maurer, Marcus
A1  - De Manuel Keenoy, Esteban
A1  - Melo‐Gomes, Elisabete
A1  - Meltzer, Eli O.
A1  - Menditto, Enrica
A1  - Mercier, Jacques
A1  - Micheli, Yann
A1  - Miculinic, Neven
A1  - Mihaltan, Florin
A1  - Milenkovic, Branislava
A1  - Mitsias, Dimitirios I.
A1  - Moda, Giuliana
A1  - Mogica‐Martinez, Maria‐Dolores
A1  - Mohammad, Yousser
A1  - Montefort, Steve
A1  - Monti, Ricardo
A1  - Morais‐Almeida, Mario
A1  - Mösges, Ralph
A1  - Münter, Lars
A1  - Muraro, Antonella
A1  - Murray, Ruth
A1  - Naclerio, Robert
A1  - Napoli, Luigi
A1  - Namazova‐Baranova, Leyla
A1  - Neffen, Hugo
A1  - Nekam, Kristoff
A1  - Neou, Angelo
A1  - Nordlund, Björn
A1  - Novellino, Ettore
A1  - Nyembue, Dieudonné
A1  - O'Hehir, Robyn
A1  - Ohta, Ken
A1  - Okubo, Kimi
A1  - Onorato, Gabrielle L.
A1  - Orlando, Valentina
A1  - Ouedraogo, Solange
A1  - Palamarchuk, Julia
A1  - Pali‐Schöll, Isabella
A1  - Panzner, Peter
A1  - Park, Hae‐Sim
A1  - Passalacqua, Gianni
A1  - Pépin, Jean‐Louis
A1  - Paulino, Ema
A1  - Pawankar, Ruby
A1  - Phillips, Jim
A1  - Picard, Robert
A1  - Pinnock, Hilary
A1  - Plavec, Davor
A1  - Popov, Todor A.
A1  - Portejoie, Fabienne
A1  - Price, David
A1  - Prokopakis, Emmanuel P.
A1  - Psarros, Fotis
A1  - Pugin, Benoit
A1  - Puggioni, Francesca
A1  - Quinones‐Delgado, Pablo
A1  - Raciborski, Filip
A1  - Rajabian‐Söderlund, Rojin
A1  - Regateiro, Frederico S.
A1  - Reitsma, Sietze
A1  - Rivero‐Yeverino, Daniela
A1  - Roberts, Graham
A1  - Roche, Nicolas
A1  - Rodriguez‐Zagal, Erendira
A1  - Rolland, Christine
A1  - Roller‐Wirnsberger, Regina E.
A1  - Rosario, Nelson
A1  - Romano, Antonino
A1  - Rottem, Menachem
A1  - Ryan, Dermot
A1  - Salimäki, Johanna
A1  - Sanchez‐Borges, Mario M.
A1  - Sastre, Joaquin
A1  - Scadding, Glenis K.
A1  - Scheire, Sophie
A1  - Schmid‐Grendelmeier, Peter
A1  - Schünemann, Holger J.
A1  - Sarquis Serpa, Faradiba
A1  - Shamji, Mohamed
A1  - Sisul, Juan‐Carlos
A1  - Sofiev, Mikhail
A1  - Solé, Dirceu
A1  - Somekh, David
A1  - Sooronbaev, Talant
A1  - Sova, Milan
A1  - Spertini, François
A1  - Spranger, Otto
A1  - Stellato, Cristiana
A1  - Stelmach, Rafael
A1  - Thibaudon, Michel
A1  - To, Teresa
A1  - Toumi, Mondher
A1  - Usmani, Omar
A1  - Valero, Antonio A.
A1  - Valenta, Rudolph
A1  - Valentin‐Rostan, Marylin
A1  - Pereira, Marilyn Urrutia
A1  - van der Kleij, Rianne
A1  - Van Eerd, Michiel
A1  - Vandenplas, Olivier
A1  - Vasankari, Tuula
A1  - Vaz Carneiro, Antonio
A1  - Vezzani, Giorgio
A1  - Viart, Frédéric
A1  - Viegi, Giovanni
A1  - Wallace, Dana
A1  - Wagenmann, Martin
A1  - Wang, De Yun
A1  - Waserman, Susan
A1  - Wickman, Magnus
A1  - Williams, Dennis M.
A1  - Wong, Gary
A1  - Wroczynski, Piotr
A1  - Yiallouros, Panayiotis K.
A1  - Yusuf, Osman M.
A1  - Zar, Heather J.
A1  - Zeng, Stéphane
A1  - Zernotti, Mario E.
A1  - Zhang, Luo
A1  - Shan Zhong, Nan
A1  - Zidarn, Mihaela
T1  - ARIA digital anamorphosis: Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice
JF  - Allergy
N2  - Digital anamorphosis is used to define a distorted image of health and care that may be viewed correctly using digital tools and strategies. MASK digital anamorphosis represents the process used by MASK to develop the digital transformation of health and care in rhinitis. It strengthens the ARIA change management strategy in the prevention and management of airway disease. The MASK strategy is based on validated digital tools. Using the MASK digital tool and the CARAT online enhanced clinical framework, solutions for practical steps of digital enhancement of care are proposed.
KW  - ARIA
KW  - asthma
KW  - CARAT
KW  - digital transformation of health and care
KW  - MASK
KW  - rhinitis
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-228339
VL  - 76
IS  - 1
SP  - 168
EP  - 190
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinschnitz, Christoph
A1  - Grund, Henrike
A1  - Wingler, Kirstin
A1  - Armitage, Melanie E.
A1  - Jones, Emma
A1  - Mittal, Manish
A1  - Barit, David
A1  - Schwarz, Tobias
A1  - Geis, Christian
A1  - Kraft, Peter
A1  - Barthel, Konstanze
A1  - Schuhmann, Michael K.
A1  - Herrmann, Alexander M.
A1  - Meuth, Sven G.
A1  - Stoll, Guido
A1  - Meurer, Sabine
A1  - Schrewe, Anja
A1  - Becker, Lore
A1  - Gailus-Durner, Valerie
A1  - Fuchs, Helmut
A1  - Klopstock, Thomas
A1  - de Angelis, Martin Hrabe
A1  - Jandeleit-Dahm, Karin
A1  - Shah, Ajay M.
A1  - Weissmann, Norbert
A1  - Schmidt, Harald H. H. W.
T1  - Post-Stroke Inhibition of Induced NADPH Oxidase Type 4 Prevents Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration
N2  - Ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Only one moderately effective therapy exists, albeit with contraindications that exclude 90% of the patients. This medical need contrasts with a high failure rate of more than 1,000 pre-clinical drug candidates for stroke therapies. Thus, there is a need for translatable mechanisms of neuroprotection and more rigid thresholds of relevance in pre-clinical stroke models. One such candidate mechanism is oxidative stress. However, antioxidant approaches have failed in clinical trials, and the significant sources of oxidative stress in stroke are unknown. We here identify NADPH oxidase type 4 (NOX4) as a major source of oxidative stress and an effective therapeutic target in acute stroke. Upon ischemia, NOX4 was induced in human and mouse brain. Mice deficient in NOX4 (Nox42/2) of either sex, but not those deficient for NOX1 or NOX2, were largely protected from oxidative stress, blood-brain-barrier leakage, and neuronal apoptosis, after both transient and permanent cerebral ischemia. This effect was independent of age, as elderly mice were equally protected. Restoration of oxidative stress reversed the stroke-protective phenotype in Nox42/2 mice. Application of the only validated low-molecular-weight pharmacological NADPH oxidase inhibitor, VAS2870, several hours after ischemia was as protective as deleting NOX4. The extent of neuroprotection was exceptional, resulting in significantly improved long-term neurological functions and reduced mortality. NOX4 therefore represents a major source of oxidative stress and novel class of drug target for stroke therapy.
KW  - Schlaganfall
Y1  - 2010
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-68416
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Becker, Martin
A1  - Caminiti, Saverio
A1  - Fiorella, Donato
A1  - Francis, Louise
A1  - Gravino, Pietro
A1  - Haklay, Mordechai (Muki)
A1  - Hotho, Andreas
A1  - Loreto, Virrorio
A1  - Mueller, Juergen
A1  - Ricchiuti, Ferdinando
A1  - Servedio, Vito D. P.
A1  - Sirbu, Alina
A1  - Tria, Franesca
T1  - Awareness and Learning in Participatory Noise Sensing
JF  - PLOS ONE
N2  - The development of ICT infrastructures has facilitated the emergence of new paradigms for looking at society and the environment over the last few years. Participatory environmental sensing, i.e. directly involving citizens in environmental monitoring, is one example, which is hoped to encourage learning and enhance awareness of environmental issues. In this paper, an analysis of the behaviour of individuals involved in noise sensing is presented. Citizens have been involved in noise measuring activities through the WideNoise smartphone application. This application has been designed to record both objective (noise samples) and subjective (opinions, feelings) data. The application has been open to be used freely by anyone and has been widely employed worldwide. In addition, several test cases have been organised in European countries. Based on the information submitted by users, an analysis of emerging awareness and learning is performed. The data show that changes in the way the environment is perceived after repeated usage of the application do appear. Specifically, users learn how to recognise different noise levels they are exposed to. Additionally, the subjective data collected indicate an increased user involvement in time and a categorisation effect between pleasant and less pleasant environments.
KW  - exposure
Y1  - 2013
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-127675
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 8
IS  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Becker, Charles R.
A1  - Martin, T. P.
T1  - Infrared absorption by Impurity-pair resonant modes in NaCl:F
N2  - New resonant-mode infrared absorption lines have been observed in NaCl with high concentrations of fluorine impurities. The quadratic concentration dependence of the strength of these lines indicates that they are due to pairs of fluorine impurities. At the resonant frequencies, the motion of some host ions appears to be as important as the motion of the impurities themselves.
KW  - Festkörperphysik
Y1  - 1972
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-37840
SN  - 1098-0121
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ishigama, M.
A1  - Becker, Charles R.
A1  - Martin, T. P.
A1  - Prettl, W.
T1  - Impurity-pair mode in NaCl:KF
N2  - No abstract available
Y1  - 1972
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31255
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Becker, Martin
T1  - Understanding Human Navigation using Bayesian Hypothesis Comparison
T1  - Verstehen menschlichen Navigationsverhaltens
mit hypothesengetriebenen Bayes'schen Methoden
N2  - Understanding human navigation behavior has implications for a wide range of application scenarios. For example, insights into geo-spatial navigation in urban areas can impact city planning or public transport. Similarly, knowledge about navigation on the web can help to improve web site structures or service experience. 

In this work, we focus on a hypothesis-driven approach to address the task of understanding human navigation: We aim to formulate and compare ideas — for example stemming from existing theory, literature, intuition, or previous experiments — based on a given set of navigational observations. For example, we may compare whether tourists exploring a city walk “short distances” before taking their next photo vs. they tend to "travel long distances between points of interest", or whether users browsing Wikipedia "navigate semantically" vs. "click randomly".

For this, the Bayesian method HypTrails has recently been proposed. However, while HypTrails is a straightforward and flexible approach, several major challenges remain:
i) HypTrails does not account for heterogeneity (e.g., incorporating differently behaving user groups such as tourists and locals is not possible), ii) HypTrails does not support the user in conceiving novel hypotheses when confronted with a large set of possibly relevant background information or influence factors, e.g., points of interest, popularity of locations, time of the day, or user properties, and finally iii) formulating hypotheses can be technically challenging depending on the application scenario (e.g., due to continuous observations or temporal constraints). In this thesis, we address these limitations by introducing various novel methods and tools and explore a wide range of case studies. 

In particular, our main contributions are the methods MixedTrails and SubTrails which specifically address the first two limitations: MixedTrails is an approach for hypothesis comparison that extends the previously proposed HypTrails method to allow formulating and comparing heterogeneous hypotheses (e.g., incorporating differently behaving user groups). SubTrails is a method that supports hypothesis conception by automatically discovering interpretable subgroups with exceptional navigation behavior. In addition, our methodological contributions also include several tools consisting of a distributed implementation of HypTrails, a web application for visualizing geo-spatial human navigation in the context of background information, as well as a system for collecting, analyzing, and visualizing mobile participatory sensing data. 

Furthermore, we conduct case studies in many application domains, which encompass — among others — geo-spatial navigation based on photos from the photo-sharing platform Flickr, browsing behavior on the social tagging system BibSonomy, and task choosing behavior on a commercial crowdsourcing platform. In the process, we develop approaches to cope with application specific subtleties (like continuous observations and temporal constraints). The corresponding studies illustrate the variety of domains and facets in which navigation behavior can be studied and, thus, showcase the expressiveness, applicability, and flexibility of our methods. Using these methods, we present new aspects of navigational phenomena which ultimately help to better understand the multi-faceted characteristics of human navigation behavior.
N2  - Menschliches Navigationsverhalten zu verstehen, kann in einer Reihe von Anwendungsgebieten große Fortschritte bringen. Zum Beispiel können Einblicke in räumliche Navigation, wie etwa in Innenstädten, dabei helfen Infrastrukturen und öffentliche Verkehrsmittel besser abzustimmen. Genauso kann Wissen über das Navigationsverhalten von Benutzern im Internet, Entwickler dabei unterstützen Webseiten besser zu strukturieren oder generell die Benutzererfahrung zu verbessern. 

In dieser Arbeit konzentrieren wir uns auf einen Hypothesen-getriebenen Ansatz, um menschliches Navigationsverhalten zu verstehen. Das heißt, wir formulieren und
vergleichen Hypothesen basierend auf beobachteten Navigationspfaden. Diese Hypothesen basieren zumeist auf existierenden Theorien, Literatur, vorherigen Experimenten oder Intuition. Beispielsweise kann es interessant sein zu vergleichen, ob Touristen, die eine Stadt erkunden, eher zu nahegelegenen Sehenswürdigkeiten laufen, als vornehmlich große Strecken zurückzulegen. Weiterhin kann man in Online-Szenarien vergleichen, ob Benutzer zum Beispiel auf Wikipedia eher semantisch navigieren, als zufällig Artikel anzusurfen.

Für diese Szenarien wurde HypTrails entwickelt, ein Bayes’scher Ansatz zum Vergleich von Navigationshypothesen. Doch obwohl HypTrails eine einfach zu benutzende und sehr flexible Methode darstellt, hat es einige deutliche Schwachstellen: Zum einen kann HypTrails keine heterogenen Prozesse modellieren (z.B., um das Verhalten von ver-
schiedenen Nutzergruppen, wie etwa von Touristen und Einheimischen, zu unterscheiden). Außerdem bietet HypTrails dem Benutzer keine Unterstützung bei der Entwicklung neuer Hypothesen. Dies stellt vor allem in Kombination mit großen Mengen an Hintergrundinformationen und anderen Einflussgrößen (z.B., Sehenswürdigkeiten, Beliebtheit von Orten, Tageszeiten, oder verschieden Benutzereigenschaften) eine große Herausforderung dar. Außerdem kann sich das Formulieren von adäquaten Hypothesen abhängig vom Anwendungsszenario als schwierig erweisen (z.B. aufgrund von kontinuierlichen, räumlichen Koordinaten oder zeitlichen Nebenbedingungen). In dieser Arbeit setzen wir an eben jenen Problemstellungen an.

Unsere Hauptbeiträge bestehen dabei aus den Ansätzen MixedTrails und SubTrails, die vor allem die ersten beiden genannten Schwachstellen adressieren: MixedTrails stellt einen Ansatz zum Vergleich von Hypothesen dar, der auf HypTrails basiert, es aber ermöglicht heterogene Hypothesen zu formulieren und zu vergleichen (z.B., bei Benutzergruppen mit unterschiedlichem Bewegungsverhalten). Während SubTrails eine Methode darstellt, die das Entwickeln neuer Hypothesen unterstützt, indem es die automatische Entdeckung von interpretierbaren Subgruppen mit außergewöhnlichen Bewegungscharakteristiken ermöglicht. Weiterhin, stellen wir eine verteitle und hochparallele Implementierung von HypTrails, ein Werkzeug zur Visualisierung von räumlicher Navigation zusammen mit Hintergrundinformationen, sowie ein System zur Sammlung, Analyse und Visualisierung von Daten aus dem Bereich des Participatory Sensing vor.

Schließlich, führen wir mehrere Studien in verschiedenen Anwendungsbereichen durch. Wir untersuchen etwa räumliche Navigation basierend auf Photos der Onlineplattform
Flickr, Browsing-Verhalten der Nutzer auf dem Verschlagwortungssystem BibSonomy, und das Arbeitsverhalten von Nutzern einer kommerziellen Crowdsourcing-Plattform. Dabei entwickeln wir mehrere Ansätze, um mit den Eigenheiten der spezifischen Szenarien umgehen zu können (wie etwa kontinuierliche räumliche Koordinaten oder zeitliche Nebenbedingungen). Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Vielzahl von Anwendungsgebieten und Facetten, in denen Navigationsverhalten analysiert werden kann, und illustrieren so die Ausdrucksstärke, vielseitige Anwendbarkeit und Flexibilität unserer Methoden. Gleichzeitig, geben wir neue Einblicke in verschiedene Navigationsprozesse und ermöglichen so einen wichtigen Schritt hin zum Verständnis der vielfältigen Ebenen menschlichen Navigationsverhaltens.
KW  - Bayesian model comparison
KW  - Bayes-Verfahren
KW  - Mensch
KW  - Raumverhalten
KW  - Hypothesis comparison
KW  - Model comparison
KW  - Web navigation
KW  - Geo-spatial behavior
KW  - Navigation analysis
KW  - Räumliches Verhalten
KW  - Data Science
KW  - Human behavior
KW  - Bayes analysis
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Mobilität
KW  - Statistische Hypothese
KW  - Spatial behavior
KW  - Social Media
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-163522
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schneider, Verena
A1  - Kruse, Daniel
A1  - Bernardelli de Mattos, Ives
A1  - Zöphel, Saskia
A1  - Tiltmann, Kendra-Kathrin
A1  - Reigl, Amelie
A1  - Khan, Sarah
A1  - Funk, Martin
A1  - Bodenschatz, Karl
A1  - Groeber-Becker, Florian
T1  - A 3D in vitro model for burn wounds: monitoring of regeneration on the epidermal level
JF  - Biomedicines
N2  - Burns affect millions every year and a model to mimic the pathophysiology of such injuries in detail is required to better understand regeneration. The current gold standard for studying burn wounds are animal models, which are under criticism due to ethical considerations and a limited predictiveness. Here, we present a three-dimensional burn model, based on an open-source model, to monitor wound healing on the epidermal level. Skin equivalents were burned, using a preheated metal cylinder. The healing process was monitored regarding histomorphology, metabolic changes, inflammatory response and reepithelialization for 14 days. During this time, the wound size decreased from 25% to 5% of the model area and the inflammatory response (IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8) showed a comparable course to wounding and healing in vivo. Additionally, the topical application of 5% dexpanthenol enhanced tissue morphology and the number of proliferative keratinocytes in the newly formed epidermis, but did not influence the overall reepithelialization rate. In summary, the model showed a comparable healing process to in vivo, and thus, offers the opportunity to better understand the physiology of thermal burn wound healing on the keratinocyte level.
KW  - skin models
KW  - open-source epidermis
KW  - wound model
KW  - impedance spectroscopy
KW  - wound physiology
KW  - burn wound
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-246068
SN  - 2227-9059
VL  - 9
IS  - 9
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schoffer, Olaf
A1  - Schülein, Stefanie
A1  - Arand, Gerlinde
A1  - Arnholdt, Hans
A1  - Baaske, Dieter
A1  - Bargou, Ralf C.
A1  - Becker, Nikolaus
A1  - Beckmann, Matthias W.
A1  - Bodack, Yves
A1  - Böhme, Beatrix
A1  - Bozkurt, Tayfun
A1  - Breitsprecher, Regine
A1  - Buchali, Andre
A1  - Burger, Elke
A1  - Burger, Ulrike
A1  - Dommisch, Klaus
A1  - Elsner, Gudrun
A1  - Fernschild, Karin
A1  - Flintzer, Ulrike
A1  - Funke, Uwe
A1  - Gerken, Michael
A1  - Göbel, Hubert
A1  - Grobe, Norbert
A1  - Gumpp, Vera
A1  - Heinzerling, Lucie
A1  - Kempfer, Lana Raffaela
A1  - Kiani, Alexander
A1  - Klinkhammer-Schalke, Monika
A1  - Klöcking, Sabine
A1  - Kreibich, Ute
A1  - Knabner, Katrin
A1  - Kuhn, Peter
A1  - Lutze, Stine
A1  - Mäder, Uwe
A1  - Maisel, Tanja
A1  - Maschke, Jan
A1  - Middeke, Martin
A1  - Neubauer, Andreas
A1  - Niedostatek, Antje
A1  - Opazo-Saez, Anabelle
A1  - Peters, Christoph
A1  - Schell, Beatrice
A1  - Schenkirsch, Gerhard
A1  - Schmalenberg, Harald
A1  - Schmidt, Peter
A1  - Schneider, Constanze
A1  - Schubotz, Birgit
A1  - Seide, Anika
A1  - Strecker, Paul
A1  - Taubenheim, Sabine
A1  - Wackes, Matthias
A1  - Weiß, Steffen
A1  - Welke, Claudia
A1  - Werner, Carmen
A1  - Wittekind, Christian
A1  - Wulff, Jörg
A1  - Zettl, Heike
A1  - Klug, Stefanie J.
T1  - Tumour stage distribution and survival of malignant melanoma in Germany 2002-2011
JF  - BMC Cancer
N2  - Background

Over the past two decades, there has been a rising trend in malignant melanoma incidence worldwide. In 2008, Germany introduced a nationwide skin cancer screening program starting at age 35. The aims of this study were to analyse the distribution of malignant melanoma tumour stages over time, as well as demographic and regional differences in stage distribution and survival of melanoma patients.

Methods

Pooled data from 61 895 malignant melanoma patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2011 and documented in 28 German population-based and hospital-based clinical cancer registries were analysed using descriptive methods, joinpoint regression, logistic regression and relative survival.

Results

The number of annually documented cases increased by 53.2% between 2002 (N = 4 779) and 2011 (N = 7 320). There was a statistically significant continuous positive trend in the proportion of stage UICC I cases diagnosed between 2002 and 2011, compared to a negative trend for stage UICC II. No trends were found for stages UICC III and IV respectively. Age (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.97–0.97), sex (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.11–1.25), date of diagnosis (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04–1.06), ‘diagnosis during screening’ (OR 3.24, 95% CI 2.50–4.19) and place of residence (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.16–1.30) had a statistically significant influence on the tumour stage at diagnosis. The overall 5-year relative survival for invasive cases was 83.4% (95% CI 82.8–83.9%).

Conclusions

No distinct changes in the distribution of malignant melanoma tumour stages among those aged 35 and older were seen that could be directly attributed to the introduction of skin cancer screening in 2008.
"
KW  - Malignant melanoma
KW  - TNM staging
KW  - Survival analysis
KW  - Skin cancer screening
KW  - Stage distribution
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-164544
VL  - 16
IS  - 936
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wohlfarth, Carolin
A1  - Schmitteckert, Stefanie
A1  - Härtle, Janina D.
A1  - Houghton, Lesley A.
A1  - Dweep, Harsh
A1  - Fortea, Marina
A1  - Assadi, Ghazaleh
A1  - Braun, Alexander
A1  - Mederer, Tanja
A1  - Pöhner, Sarina
A1  - Becker, Philip P.
A1  - Fischer, Christine
A1  - Granzow, Martin
A1  - Mönnikes, Hubert
A1  - Mayer, Emeran A.
A1  - Sayuk, Gregory
A1  - Boeckxstaens, Guy
A1  - Wouters, Mira M.
A1  - Simrén, Magnus
A1  - Lindberg, Greger
A1  - Ohlsson, Bodil
A1  - Schmidt, Peter Thelin
A1  - Dlugosz, Aldona
A1  - Agreus, Lars
A1  - Andreasson, Anna
A1  - D'Amato, Mauro
A1  - Burwinkel, Barbara
A1  - Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo
A1  - Röth, Ralph
A1  - Lasitschka, Felix
A1  - Vicario, Maria
A1  - Metzger, Marco
A1  - Santos, Javier
A1  - Rappold, Gudrun A.
A1  - Martinez, Cristina
A1  - Niesler, Beate
T1  - miR-16 and miR-103 impact 5-HT4 receptor signalling and correlate with symptom profile in irritable bowel syndrome
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gut-brain disorder involving alterations in intestinal sensitivity and motility. Serotonin 5-HT4 receptors are promising candidates in IBS pathophysiology since they regulate gut motor function and stool consistency, and targeted 5-HT4R selective drug intervention has been proven beneficial in subgroups of patients. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs201253747) c.*61 T > C within the 5-HT4 receptor gene \(HTR4\) to be predominantly present in diarrhoea-IBS patients (IBS-D). It affects a binding site for the miR-16 family and miR-103/miR-107 within the isoforms \({HTR4b/i}\) and putatively impairs \(HTR4\) expression. Subsequent miRNA profiling revealed downregulation of miR-16 and miR-103 in the jejunum of IBS-D patients correlating with symptoms. \(In\) \(vitro\) assays confirmed expression regulation via three 3′UTR binding sites. The novel isoform \(HTR4b\_2\) lacking two of the three miRNA binding sites escapes miR-16/103/107 regulationin SNP carriers. We provide the first evidence that \(HTR4\) expression is fine-tuned by miRNAs, and that this regulation is impaired either by the SNP c.*61 T > C or bydiminished levels of miR-16 and miR-103 suggesting that \(HTR4\) might be involved in the development of IBS-D.
KW  - Medicine
KW  - Gene regulation
KW  - Irritable bowel syndrome
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-173478
VL  - 7
ER  -