TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sauerbrei, A.
A1  - Langenhan, T.
A1  - Brandstädt, A.
A1  - Schmidt-Ott, R.
A1  - Krumbholz, A.
A1  - Girschick, H.
A1  - Huppertz, H.
A1  - Kaiser, P.
A1  - Liese, J.
A1  - Streng, A.
A1  - Niehues, T.
A1  - Peters, J.
A1  - Sauerbrey, A.
A1  - Schroten, H.
A1  - Tenenbaum, T.
A1  - Wirth, S.
A1  - Wutzler, P.
T1  - Prevalence of antibodies against influenza A and B viruses in children in Germany, 2008 to 2010
JF  - Eurosurveillance
N2  - The prevalence of influenza A and B virus-specific IgG was determined in sera taken between 2008 and 2010 from 1,665 children aged 0-17 years and 400 blood donors in Germany. ELISA on the basis of whole virus antigens was applied. Nearly all children aged nine years and older had antibodies against influenza A. In contrast, 40% of children aged 0-4 years did not have any influenza A virus-specific IgG antibodies. Eighty-six percent of 0-6 year-olds, 47% of 7-12 year-olds and 20% of 13-17 year-olds were serologically naive to influenza B viruses. By the age of 18 years, influenza B seroprevalence reached approximately 90%. There were obvious regional differences in the seroprevalence of influenza B in Germany. In conclusion, seroprevalences of influenza A and influenza B increase gradually during childhood. The majority of children older than eight years have basal immunity to influenza A, while comparable immunity against influenza B is only acquired at the age of 18 years. Children aged 0-6 years, showing an overall seroprevalence of 67% for influenza A and of 14% for influenza B, are especially at risk for primary infections during influenza B seasons.
KW  - disease
KW  - healthy children
KW  - vaccine
KW  - burden
KW  - hospitalizations
KW  - efficacy
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-117347
SN  - 1560-7917
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Urlaub, Jonas
A1  - Kaiser, Reinhard P.
A1  - Scherf‐Clavel, Oliver
A1  - Bolm, Carsten
A1  - Holzgrabe, Ulrike
T1  - Investigation of isomerization of dexibuprofen in a ball mill using chiral capillary electrophoresis
JF  - Electrophoresis
N2  - Besides the racemate, the S‐enantiomer of ibuprofen (Ibu) is used for the treatment of inflammation and pain. Since the configurational stability of S‐Ibu in solid state is of interest, it was studied by means of ball milling experiments. For the evaluation of the enantiomeric composition, a chiral CE method was developed and validated according to the ICH guideline Q2(R1). The addition of Mg\(^{2+}\), Ca\(^{2+}\), or Zn\(^{2+}\) ions to the background electrolyte (BGE) was found to improve Ibu enantioresolution. Chiral separation of Ibu enantiomers was achieved on a 60.2 cm (50.0 cm effective length) x 75 μm fused‐silica capillary using a background electrolyte (BGE) composed of 50 mM sodium acetate, 10 mM magnesium acetate tetrahydrate, and 35 mM heptakis‐(2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin (TM‐β‐CD) as chiral selector. The quantification of R‐Ibu in the mixture was performed using the normalization procedure. Linearity was evaluated in the range of 0.68–5.49% R‐Ibu (R\(^{2}\) = 0.999), recovery was found to range between 97 and 103%, the RSD of intra‐ and interday precision below 2.5%, and the limit of quantification for R‐ in S‐Ibu was calculated to be 0.21% (extrapolated) and 0.15% (dilution of racemic ibuprofen), respectively. Isomerization of S‐Ibu was observed under basic conditions by applying long milling times and high milling frequencies.
KW  - capillary electrophoresis
KW  - chiral separation
KW  - Ibuprofen
KW  - isomerization
KW  - validation
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-225852
VL  - 42
IS  - 17-18
SP  - 1790
EP  - 1799
ER  -