TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hudson, Lawrence N.
A1  - Newbold, Tim
A1  - Contu, Sara
A1  - Hill, Samantha L. L.
A1  - Lysenko, Igor
A1  - De Palma, Adriana
A1  - Phillips, Helen R. P.
A1  - Senior, Rebecca A.
A1  - Bennett, Dominic J.
A1  - Booth, Hollie
A1  - Choimes, Argyrios
A1  - Correia, David L. P.
A1  - Day, Julie
A1  - Echeverria-Londono, Susy
A1  - Garon, Morgan
A1  - Harrison, Michelle L. K.
A1  - Ingram, Daniel J.
A1  - Jung, Martin
A1  - Kemp, Victoria
A1  - Kirkpatrick, Lucinda
A1  - Martin, Callum D.
A1  - Pan, Yuan
A1  - White, Hannah J.
A1  - Aben, Job
A1  - Abrahamczyk, Stefan
A1  - Adum, Gilbert B.
A1  - Aguilar-Barquero, Virginia
A1  - Aizen, Marcelo
A1  - Ancrenaz, Marc
A1  - Arbelaez-Cortes, Enrique
A1  - Armbrecht, Inge
A1  - Azhar, Badrul
A1  - Azpiroz, Adrian B.
A1  - Baeten, Lander
A1  - Báldi, András
A1  - Banks, John E.
A1  - Barlow, Jos
A1  - Batáry, Péter
A1  - Bates, Adam J.
A1  - Bayne, Erin M.
A1  - Beja, Pedro
A1  - Berg, Ake
A1  - Berry, Nicholas J.
A1  - Bicknell, Jake E.
A1  - Bihn, Jochen H.
A1  - Böhning-Gaese, Katrin
A1  - Boekhout, Teun
A1  - Boutin, Celine
A1  - Bouyer, Jeremy
A1  - Brearley, Francis Q.
A1  - Brito, Isabel
A1  - Brunet, Jörg
A1  - Buczkowski, Grzegorz
A1  - Buscardo, Erika
A1  - Cabra-Garcia, Jimmy
A1  - Calvino-Cancela, Maria
A1  - Cameron, Sydney A.
A1  - Cancello, Eliana M.
A1  - Carrijo, Tiago F.
A1  - Carvalho, Anelena L.
A1  - Castro, Helena
A1  - Castro-Luna, Alejandro A.
A1  - Cerda, Rolando
A1  - Cerezo, Alexis
A1  - Chauvat, Matthieu
A1  - Clarke, Frank M.
A1  - Cleary, Daniel F. R.
A1  - Connop, Stuart P.
A1  - D'Aniello, Biagio
A1  - da Silva, Pedro Giovani
A1  - Darvill, Ben
A1  - Dauber, Jens
A1  - Dejean, Alain
A1  - Diekötter, Tim
A1  - Dominguez-Haydar, Yamileth
A1  - Dormann, Carsten F.
A1  - Dumont, Bertrand
A1  - Dures, Simon G.
A1  - Dynesius, Mats
A1  - Edenius, Lars
A1  - Elek, Zoltán
A1  - Entling, Martin H.
A1  - Farwig, Nina
A1  - Fayle, Tom M.
A1  - Felicioli, Antonio
A1  - Felton, Annika M.
A1  - Ficetola, Gentile F.
A1  - Filgueiras, Bruno K. C.
A1  - Fonte, Steve J.
A1  - Fraser, Lauchlan H.
A1  - Fukuda, Daisuke
A1  - Furlani, Dario
A1  - Ganzhorn, Jörg U.
A1  - Garden, Jenni G.
A1  - Gheler-Costa, Carla
A1  - Giordani, Paolo
A1  - Giordano, Simonetta
A1  - Gottschalk, Marco S.
A1  - Goulson, Dave
A1  - Gove, Aaron D.
A1  - Grogan, James
A1  - Hanley, Mick E.
A1  - Hanson, Thor
A1  - Hashim, Nor R.
A1  - Hawes, Joseph E.
A1  - Hébert, Christian
A1  - Helden, Alvin J.
A1  - Henden, John-André
A1  - Hernández, Lionel
A1  - Herzog, Felix
A1  - Higuera-Diaz, Diego
A1  - Hilje, Branko
A1  - Horgan, Finbarr G.
A1  - Horváth, Roland
A1  - Hylander, Kristoffer
A1  - Horváth, Roland
A1  - Isaacs-Cubides, Paola
A1  - Ishitani, Mashiro
A1  - Jacobs, Carmen T.
A1  - Jaramillo, Victor J.
A1  - Jauker, Birgit
A1  - Jonsell, Matts
A1  - Jung, Thomas S.
A1  - Kapoor, Vena
A1  - Kati, Vassiliki
A1  - Katovai, Eric
A1  - Kessler, Michael
A1  - Knop, Eva
A1  - Kolb, Annette
A1  - Körösi, Àdám
A1  - Lachat, Thibault
A1  - Lantschner, Victoria
A1  - Le Féon, Violette
A1  - LeBuhn, Gretchen
A1  - Légaré, Jean-Philippe
A1  - Letcher, Susan G.
A1  - Littlewood, Nick A.
A1  - López-Quintero, Carlos A.
A1  - Louhaichi, Mounir
A1  - Lövei, Gabor L.
A1  - Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban
A1  - Luja, Victor H.
A1  - Maeto, Kaoru
A1  - Magura, Tibor
A1  - Mallari, Neil Aldrin
A1  - Marin-Spiotta, Erika
A1  - Marhall, E. J. P.
A1  - Martínez, Eliana
A1  - Mayfield, Margaret M.
A1  - Mikusinski, Gregorz
A1  - Milder, Jeffery C.
A1  - Miller, James R.
A1  - Morales, Carolina L.
A1  - Muchane, Mary N.
A1  - Muchane, Muchai
A1  - Naidoo, Robin
A1  - Nakamura, Akihiro
A1  - Naoe, Shoji
A1  - Nates-Parra, Guiomar
A1  - Navarerete Gutierrez, Dario A.
A1  - Neuschulz, Eike L.
A1  - Noreika, Norbertas
A1  - Norfolk, Olivia
A1  - Noriega, Jorge Ari
A1  - Nöske, Nicole M.
A1  - O'Dea, Niall
A1  - Oduro, William
A1  - Ofori-Boateng, Caleb
A1  - Oke, Chris O.
A1  - Osgathorpe, Lynne M.
A1  - Paritsis, Juan
A1  - Parrah, Alejandro
A1  - Pelegrin, Nicolás
A1  - Peres, Carlos A.
A1  - Persson, Anna S.
A1  - Petanidou, Theodora
A1  - Phalan, Ben
A1  - Philips, T. Keith
A1  - Poveda, Katja
A1  - Power, Eileen F.
A1  - Presley, Steven J.
A1  - Proença, Vânia
A1  - Quaranta, Marino
A1  - Quintero, Carolina
A1  - Redpath-Downing, Nicola A.
A1  - Reid, J. Leighton
A1  - Reis, Yana T.
A1  - Ribeiro, Danilo B.
A1  - Richardson, Barbara A.
A1  - Richardson, Michael J.
A1  - Robles, Carolina A.
A1  - Römbke, Jörg
A1  - Romero-Duque, Luz Piedad
A1  - Rosselli, Loreta
A1  - Rossiter, Stephen J.
A1  - Roulston, T'ai H.
A1  - Rousseau, Laurent
A1  - Sadler, Jonathan P.
A1  - Sáfián, Szbolcs
A1  - Saldaña-Vásquez, Romeo A.
A1  - Samnegård, Ulrika
A1  - Schüepp, Christof
A1  - Schweiger, Oliver
A1  - Sedlock, Jodi L.
A1  - Shahabuddin, Ghazala
A1  - Sheil, Douglas
A1  - Silva, Fernando A. B.
A1  - Slade, Eleanor
A1  - Smith-Pardo, Allan H.
A1  - Sodhi, Navjot S.
A1  - Somarriba, Eduardo J.
A1  - Sosa, Ramón A.
A1  - Stout, Jane C.
A1  - Struebig, Matthew J.
A1  - Sung, Yik-Hei
A1  - Threlfall, Caragh G.
A1  - Tonietto, Rebecca
A1  - Tóthmérész, Béla
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Turner, Edgar C.
A1  - Tylianakis, Jason M.
A1  - Vanbergen, Adam J.
A1  - Vassilev, Kiril
A1  - Verboven, Hans A. F.
A1  - Vergara, Carlos H.
A1  - Vergara, Pablo M.
A1  - Verhulst, Jort
A1  - Walker, Tony R.
A1  - Wang, Yanping
A1  - Watling, James I.
A1  - Wells, Konstans
A1  - Williams, Christopher D.
A1  - Willig, Michael R.
A1  - Woinarski, John C. Z.
A1  - Wolf, Jan H. D.
A1  - Woodcock, Ben A.
A1  - Yu, Douglas W.
A1  - Zailsev, Andreys
A1  - Collen, Ben
A1  - Ewers, Rob M.
A1  - Mace, Georgina M.
A1  - Purves, Drew W.
A1  - Scharlemann, Jörn P. W.
A1  - Pervis, Andy
T1  - The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts
JF  - Ecology and Evolution
N2  - Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project - and avert - future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups - including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems - ). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.
KW  - urban-rural gradient
KW  - instensively managed farmland
KW  - Mexican coffee plantations
KW  - Bombus Spp. Hymenoptera
KW  - bumblebee nest density
KW  - data sharing
KW  - land use
KW  - habitat destruction
KW  - global change
KW  - land-use change
KW  - plant community composition
KW  - Northeastern Costa Rica
KW  - dung beetle coleoptera
KW  - bird species richness
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-114425
VL  - 4
IS  - 24
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Iyengar, Sudha K.
A1  - Sedor, John R.
A1  - Freedman, Barry I.
A1  - Kao, W. H. Linda
A1  - Kretzler, Matthias
A1  - Keller, Benjamin J.
A1  - Abboud, Hanna E.
A1  - Adler, Sharon G.
A1  - Best, Lyle G.
A1  - Bowden, Donald W.
A1  - Burlock, Allison
A1  - Chen, Yii-Der Ida
A1  - Cole, Shelley A.
A1  - Comeau, Mary E.
A1  - Curtis, Jeffrey M.
A1  - Divers, Jasmin
A1  - Drechsler, Christiane
A1  - Duggirala, Ravi
A1  - Elston, Robert C.
A1  - Guo, Xiuqing
A1  - Huang, Huateng
A1  - Hoffmann, Michael Marcus
A1  - Howard, Barbara V.
A1  - Ipp, Eli
A1  - Kimmel, Paul L.
A1  - Klag, Michael J.
A1  - Knowler, William C.
A1  - Kohn, Orly F.
A1  - Leak, Tennille S.
A1  - Leehey, David J.
A1  - Li, Man
A1  - Malhotra, Alka
A1  - März, Winfried
A1  - Nair, Viji
A1  - Nelson, Robert G.
A1  - Nicholas, Susanne B.
A1  - O’Brien, Stephen J.
A1  - Pahl, Madeleine V.
A1  - Parekh, Rulan S.
A1  - Pezzolesi, Marcus G.
A1  - Rasooly, Rebekah S.
A1  - Rotimi, Charles N.
A1  - Rotter, Jerome I.
A1  - Schelling, Jeffrey R.
A1  - Seldin, Michael F.
A1  - Shah, Vallabh O.
A1  - Smiles, Adam M.
A1  - Smith, Michael W.
A1  - Taylor, Kent D.
A1  - Thameem, Farook
A1  - Thornley-Brown, Denyse P.
A1  - Truitt, Barbara J.
A1  - Wanner, Christoph
A1  - Weil, E. Jennifer
A1  - Winkler, Cheryl A.
A1  - Zager, Philip G.
A1  - Igo, Jr, Robert P.
A1  - Hanson, Robert L.
A1  - Langefeld, Carl D.
T1  - Genome-wide association and trans-ethnic meta-analysis for advanced diabetic kidney disease: Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND)
JF  - PLoS Genetics
N2  - Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the industrialized world and accounts for much of the excess mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Approximately 45% of U.S. patients with incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have DKD. Independent of glycemic control, DKD aggregates in families and has higher incidence rates in African, Mexican, and American Indian ancestral groups relative to European populations. The Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND) performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) contrasting 6,197 unrelated individuals with advanced DKD with healthy and diabetic individuals lacking nephropathy of European American, African American, Mexican American, or American Indian ancestry. A large-scale replication and trans-ethnic meta-analysis included 7,539 additional European American, African American and American Indian DKD cases and non-nephropathy controls. Within ethnic group meta-analysis of discovery GWAS and replication set results identified genome-wide significant evidence for association between DKD and rs12523822 on chromosome 6q25.2 in American Indians (P = 5.74x10\(^{−9}\)). The strongest signal of association in the trans-ethnic meta-analysis was with a SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium with rs12523822 (rs955333; P = 1.31x10\(^{−8}\)), with directionally consistent results across ethnic groups. These 6q25.2 SNPs are located between the SCAF8 and CNKSR3 genes, a region with DKD relevant changes in gene expression and an eQTL with IPCEF1, a gene co-translated with CNKSR3. Several other SNPs demonstrated suggestive evidence of association with DKD, within and across populations. These data identify a novel DKD susceptibility locus with consistent directions of effect across diverse ancestral groups and provide insight into the genetic architecture of DKD.
KW  - diabetic kidney disease
KW  - genome-wide association study
KW  - Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-180545
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Deeb, Wissam
A1  - Giordano, James J.
A1  - Rossi, Peter J.
A1  - Mogilner, Alon Y.
A1  - Gunduz, Aysegul
A1  - Judy, Jack W.
A1  - Klassen, Bryan T.
A1  - Butson, Christopher R.
A1  - Van Horne, Craig
A1  - Deny, Damiaan
A1  - Dougherty, Darin D.
A1  - Rowell, David
A1  - Gerhardt, Greg A.
A1  - Smith, Gwenn S.
A1  - Ponce, Francisco A.
A1  - Walker, Harrison C.
A1  - Bronte-Stewart, Helen M.
A1  - Mayberg, Helen S.
A1  - Chizeck, Howard J.
A1  - Langevin, Jean-Philippe
A1  - Volkmann, Jens
A1  - Ostrem, Jill L.
A1  - Shute, Jonathan B.
A1  - Jimenez-Shahed, Joohi
A1  - Foote, Kelly D.
A1  - Wagle Shukla, Aparna
A1  - Rossi, Marvin A.
A1  - Oh, Michael
A1  - Pourfar, Michael
A1  - Rosenberg, Paul B.
A1  - Silburn, Peter A.
A1  - de Hemptine, Coralie
A1  - Starr, Philip A.
A1  - Denison, Timothy
A1  - Akbar, Umer
A1  - Grill, Warren M.
A1  - Okun, Michael S.
T1  - Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: A Review of Emerging Issues and Technologies
JF  - Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
N2  - This paper provides an overview of current progress in the technological advances and the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) to treat neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, as presented by participants of the Fourth Annual DBS Think Tank, which was convened in March 2016 in conjunction with the Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration at the University of Florida, Gainesveille FL, USA. The Think Tank discussions first focused on policy and advocacy in DBS research and clinical practice, formation of registries, and issues involving the use of DBS in the treatment of Tourette Syndrome. Next, advances in the use of neuroimaging and electrochemical markers to enhance DBS specificity were addressed. Updates on ongoing use and developments of DBS for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, Alzheimer's disease, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obesity, addiction were presented, and progress toward innovation(s) in closed-loop applications were discussed. Each section of these proceedings provides updates and highlights of new information as presented at this year's international Think Tank, with a view toward current and near future advancement of the field.
KW  - deep brain stimulation
KW  - Parkinson’s disease
KW  - Alzheimer’s disease
KW  - closed-loop
KW  - depression
KW  - post-traumatic stress disorder
KW  - Tourette syndrome
KW  - DARPA
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-168493
VL  - 10
IS  - 38
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - De Palma, Adriana
A1  - Abrahamczyk, Stefan
A1  - Aizen, Marcelo A.
A1  - Albrecht, Matthias
A1  - Basset, Yves
A1  - Bates, Adam
A1  - Blake, Robin J.
A1  - Boutin, Céline
A1  - Bugter, Rob
A1  - Connop, Stuart
A1  - Cruz-López, Leopoldo
A1  - Cunningham, Saul A.
A1  - Darvill, Ben
A1  - Diekötter, Tim
A1  - Dorn, Silvia
A1  - Downing, Nicola
A1  - Entling, Martin H.
A1  - Farwig, Nina
A1  - Felicioli, Antonio
A1  - Fonte, Steven J.
A1  - Fowler, Robert
A1  - Franzen, Markus Franzén
A1  - Goulson, Dave
A1  - Grass, Ingo
A1  - Hanley, Mick E.
A1  - Hendrix, Stephen D.
A1  - Herrmann, Farina
A1  - Herzog, Felix
A1  - Holzschuh, Andrea
A1  - Jauker, Birgit
A1  - Kessler, Michael
A1  - Knight, M. E.
A1  - Kruess, Andreas
A1  - Lavelle, Patrick
A1  - Le Féon, Violette
A1  - Lentini, Pia
A1  - Malone, Louise A.
A1  - Marshall, Jon
A1  - Martínez Pachón, Eliana
A1  - McFrederick, Quinn S.
A1  - Morales, Carolina L.
A1  - Mudri-Stojnic, Sonja
A1  - Nates-Parra, Guiomar
A1  - Nilsson, Sven G.
A1  - Öckinger, Erik
A1  - Osgathorpe, Lynne
A1  - Parra-H, Alejandro
A1  - Peres, Carlos A.
A1  - Persson, Anna S.
A1  - Petanidou, Theodora
A1  - Poveda, Katja
A1  - Power, Eileen F.
A1  - Quaranta, Marino
A1  - Quintero, Carolina
A1  - Rader, Romina
A1  - Richards, Miriam H.
A1  - Roulston, T’ai
A1  - Rousseau, Laurent
A1  - Sadler, Jonathan P.
A1  - Samnegård, Ulrika
A1  - Schellhorn, Nancy A.
A1  - Schüepp, Christof
A1  - Schweiger, Oliver
A1  - Smith-Pardo, Allan H.
A1  - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1  - Stout, Jane C.
A1  - Tonietto, Rebecca K.
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Tylianakis, Jason M.
A1  - Verboven, Hans A. F.
A1  - Vergara, Carlos H.
A1  - Verhulst, Jort
A1  - Westphal, Catrin
A1  - Yoon, Hyung Joo
A1  - Purvis, Andy
T1  - Predicting bee community responses to land-use changes: Effects of geographic and taxonomic biases
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Land-use change and intensification threaten bee populations worldwide, imperilling pollination services. Global models are needed to better characterise, project, and mitigate bees' responses to these human impacts. The available data are, however, geographically and taxonomically unrepresentative; most data are from North America and Western Europe, overrepresenting bumblebees and raising concerns that model results may not be generalizable to other regions and taxa. To assess whether the geographic and taxonomic biases of data could undermine effectiveness of models for conservation policy, we have collated from the published literature a global dataset of bee diversity at sites facing land-use change and intensification, and assess whether bee responses to these pressures vary across 11 regions (Western, Northern, Eastern and Southern Europe; North, Central and South America; Australia and New Zealand; South East Asia; Middle and Southern Africa) and between bumblebees and other bees. Our analyses highlight strong regionally-based responses of total abundance, species richness and Simpson's diversity to land use, caused by variation in the sensitivity of species and potentially in the nature of threats. These results suggest that global extrapolation of models based on geographically and taxonomically restricted data may underestimate the true uncertainty, increasing the risk of ecological surprises.
KW  - bee community
KW  - land-use change
KW  - intensification
KW  - geographic biases
KW  - taxonomic biases
KW  - global dataset
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-167642
VL  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleijn, David
A1  - Winfree, Rachael
A1  - Bartomeus, Ignasi
A1  - Carvalheiro, Luísa G.
A1  - Henry, Mickael
A1  - Isaacs, Rufus
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - Kremen, Claire
A1  - M'Gonigle, Leithen K.
A1  - Rader, Romina
A1  - Ricketts, Taylor H.
A1  - Williams, Neal M.
A1  - Adamson, Nancy Lee
A1  - Ascher, John S.
A1  - Báldi, András
A1  - Batáry, Péter
A1  - Benjamin, Faye
A1  - Biesmeijer, Jacobus C.
A1  - Blitzer, Eleanor J.
A1  - Bommarco, Riccardo
A1  - Brand, Mariette R.
A1  - Bretagnolle, Vincent
A1  - Button, Lindsey
A1  - Cariveau, Daniel P.
A1  - Chifflet, Rémy
A1  - Colville, Jonathan F.
A1  - Danforth, Bryan N.
A1  - Elle, Elizabeth
A1  - Garratt, Michael P. D.
A1  - Herzog, Felix
A1  - Holzschuh, Andrea
A1  - Howlett, Brad G.
A1  - Jauker, Frank
A1  - Jha, Shalene
A1  - Knop, Eva
A1  - Krewenka, Kristin M.
A1  - Le Féon, Violette
A1  - Mandelik, Yael
A1  - May, Emily A.
A1  - Park, Mia G.
A1  - Pisanty, Gideon
A1  - Reemer, Menno
A1  - Riedinger, Verena
A1  - Rollin, Orianne
A1  - Rundlöf, Maj
A1  - Sardiñas, Hillary S.
A1  - Scheper, Jeroen
A1  - Sciligo, Amber R.
A1  - Smith, Henrik G.
A1  - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1  - Thorp, Robbin
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Verhulst, Jort
A1  - Viana, Blandina F.
A1  - Vaissière, Bernard E.
A1  - Veldtman, Ruan
A1  - Ward, Kimiora L.
A1  - Westphal, Catrin
A1  - Potts, Simon G.
T1  - Delivery of crop pollination services is an insufficient argument for wild pollinator conservation
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - There is compelling evidence that more diverse ecosystems deliver greater benefits to people, and these ecosystem services have become a key argument for biodiversity conservation. However, it is unclear how much biodiversity is needed to deliver ecosystem services in a cost- effective way. Here we show that, while the contribution of wild bees to crop production is significant, service delivery is restricted to a limited subset of all known bee species. Across crops, years and biogeographical regions, crop-visiting wild bee communities are dominated by a small number of common species, and threatened species are rarely observed on crops. Dominant crop pollinators persist under agricultural expansion and many are easily enhanced by simple conservation measures, suggesting that cost- effective management strategies to promote crop pollination should target a different set of species than management strategies to promote threatened bees. Conserving the biological diversity of bees therefore requires more than just ecosystem-service-based arguments.
KW  - ecosystem services
KW  - european countries
KW  - abundance
KW  - native bees
KW  - biodiversity conservation
KW  - plant diversity
KW  - fruit set
KW  - productivity
KW  - decline
KW  - pollen
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-151879
VL  - 6
IS  - 7414
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vortkamp, Andrea
A1  - Gessler, Manfred
A1  - Paslier, D. Le
A1  - Elaswarapu, R.
A1  - Smith, S.
A1  - Grzeschik, Karl-Heinz
T1  - Isolation of a yeast artificial chromosome contig spanning the Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS) gene region
N2  - Disruption of the zinc finger gene GLI3 has been shown to be the cause of Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS), at least in some GCPS translocation patients. To characterize this genomic region on human chromosome 7p13, we have isolated a VAC contig of more than 1000 kb including the GLI3 gene. In this contig the gene itself spans at least 200-250 kb. A CpG island is located in the vicinity of the 5' region of the known GLI3 cDNA, implying a potential promoter region.
Y1  - 1994
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-30182
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zannas, Anthony S.
A1  - Arloth, Janine
A1  - Carrillo-Roa, Tania
A1  - Iurato, Stella
A1  - Röh, Simone
A1  - Ressler, Kerry J.
A1  - Nemeroff, Charles B.
A1  - Smith, Alicia K.
A1  - Bradley, Bekh
A1  - Heim, Christine
A1  - Menke, Andreas
A1  - Lange, Jennifer F.
A1  - Brückl, Tanja
A1  - Ising, Marcus
A1  - Wray, Naomi R.
A1  - Erhardt, Angelika
A1  - Binder, Elisabeth B.
A1  - Mehta, Divya
T1  - Lifetime stress accelerates epigenetic aging in an urban, African American cohort: relevance of glucocorticoid signaling
JF  - Genome Biology
N2  - Background
Chronic psychological stress is associated with accelerated aging and increased risk for aging-related diseases, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear.

Results
We examined the effect of lifetime stressors on a DNA methylation-based age predictor, epigenetic clock. After controlling for blood cell-type composition and lifestyle parameters, cumulative lifetime stress, but not childhood maltreatment or current stress alone, predicted accelerated epigenetic aging in an urban, African American cohort (n = 392). This effect was primarily driven by personal life stressors, was more pronounced with advancing age, and was blunted in individuals with higher childhood abuse exposure. Hypothesizing that these epigenetic effects could be mediated by glucocorticoid signaling, we found that a high number (n = 85) of epigenetic clock CpG sites were located within glucocorticoid response elements. We further examined the functional effects of glucocorticoids on epigenetic clock CpGs in an independent sample with genome-wide DNA methylation (n = 124) and gene expression data (n = 297) before and after exposure to the glucocorticoid receptor agonist dexamethasone. Dexamethasone induced dynamic changes in methylation in 31.2 % (110/353) of these CpGs and transcription in 81.7 % (139/170) of genes neighboring epigenetic clock CpGs. Disease enrichment analysis of these dexamethasone-regulated genes showed enriched association for aging-related diseases, including coronary artery disease, arteriosclerosis, and leukemias.

Conclusions
Cumulative lifetime stress may accelerate epigenetic aging, an effect that could be driven by glucocorticoid-induced epigenetic changes. These findings contribute to our understanding of mechanisms linking chronic stress with accelerated aging and heightened disease risk.
KW  - aging
KW  - DNA methylation
KW  - gene expression
KW  - glucocorticoids
KW  - psychological stress
KW  - aging-related disease
KW  - epigenetics
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-149865
VL  - 16
IS  - 266
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Scognamiglio, Roberta
A1  - Cabezas-Wallscheid, Nina
A1  - Thier, Marc Christian
A1  - Altamura, Sandro
A1  - Reyes, Alejandro
A1  - Prendergast, Áine M.
A1  - Baumgärtner, Daniel
A1  - Carnevalli, Larissa S.
A1  - Atzberger, Ann
A1  - Haas, Simon
A1  - von Paleske, Lisa
A1  - Boroviak, Thorsten
A1  - Wörsdörfer, Philipp
A1  - Essers, Marieke A. G.
A1  - Kloz, Ulrich
A1  - Eisenman, Robert N.
A1  - Edenhofer, Frank
A1  - Bertone, Paul
A1  - Huber, Wolfgang
A1  - van der Hoeven, Franciscus
A1  - Smith, Austin
A1  - Trumpp, Andreas
T1  - Myc depletion induces a pluripotent dormant state mimicking diapause
JF  - Cell
N2  - Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are maintained in a naive ground state of pluripotency in the presence of MEK and GSK3 inhibitors. Here, we show that ground-state ESCs express low Myc levels. Deletion of both c-myc and N-myc (dKO) or pharmacological inhibition of Myc activity strongly decreases transcription, splicing, and protein synthesis, leading to proliferation arrest. This process is reversible and occurs without affecting pluripotency, suggesting that Myc-depleted stem cells enter a state of dormancy similar to embryonic diapause. Indeed, c-Myc is depleted in diapaused blastocysts, and the differential expression signatures of dKO ESCs and diapaused epiblasts are remarkably similar. Following Myc inhibition, pre-implantation blastocysts enter biosynthetic dormancy but can progress through their normal developmental program after transfer into pseudo-pregnant recipients. Our study shows that Myc controls the biosynthetic machinery of stem cells without affecting their potency, thus regulating their entry and exit from the dormant state.
KW  - hematopoietic stem cells
KW  - leukemia inhibitory factor
KW  - c-Myc
KW  - N-Myc
KW  - gene expression
KW  - embryonic stem cells
KW  - self-renewal
KW  - protein synthesis
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-190868
VL  - 164
IS  - 4
ER  -