TY  - THES
A1  - Walter, Lena
T1  - Ergebnisse der Behandlung mit Bevacizumab bei altersabhängiger Makuladegeneration mit subfovealer Neovaskularisationsmembran über 3 bis 12 Monate
T1  - 3 till 12 months results of Bevacizumab therapy for subfoveal choroidal neovascularisations in age related macular degeneration
N2  - Therapieergebnisse der Patienten, die im Zeitraum von 1. Januar bis 31. Dezember 2006 in der Augenklinik Würzburg mehrere intravitreale Injektionen mit Bevacizumab bei altersabhängiger Makuladegeneration mit subfovealer choroidaler Neovaskularisation erhalten hatten.
N2  - Results of the treatment for choroidal neovascular membranes with Bevacizumab in age related macular degeneration.
KW  - altersabhängige Makuladegeneration
KW  - Neovaskularisation
KW  - macular degeneration
Y1  - 2011
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-65918
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schleicher, Bernd
A1  - Arbet-Engels, Axel
A1  - Baack, Dominik
A1  - Balbo, Matteo
A1  - Biland, Adrian
A1  - Blank, Michael
A1  - Bretz, Thomas
A1  - Bruegge, Kai
A1  - Bulinski, Michael
A1  - Buss, Jens
A1  - Doerr, Manuel
A1  - Dorner, Daniela
A1  - Elsaesser, Dominik
A1  - Grischagin, Sergej
A1  - Hildebrand, Dorothee
A1  - Linhoff, Lena
A1  - Mannheim, Karl
A1  - Mueller, Sebastian Achim
A1  - Neise, Dominik
A1  - Neronov, Andrii
A1  - Noethe, Maximilian
A1  - Paravac, Aleksander
A1  - Rhode, Wolfgang
A1  - Schulz, Florian
A1  - Sedlaczek, Kevin
A1  - Shukla, Amit
A1  - Sliusar, Vitalii
A1  - Willert, Elan
A1  - Walter, Roland
T1  - Fractional Variability—A Tool to Study Blazar Variability
JF  - Galaxies
N2  - Active Galactic Nuclei emit radiation over the whole electromagnetic spectrum up to TeV energies. Blazars are one subtype with their jets pointing towards the observer. One of their typical features is extreme variability on timescales, from minutes to years. The fractional variability is an often used parameter for investigating the degree of variability of a light curve. Different detection methods and sensitivities of the instruments result in differently binned data and light curves with gaps. As they can influence the physics interpretation of the broadband variability, the effects of these differences on the fractional variability need to be studied. In this paper, we study the systematic effects of completeness in time coverage and the sampling rate. Using public data from instruments monitoring blazars in various energy ranges, we study the variability of the bright TeV blazars Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 over the electromagnetic spectrum, taking into account the systematic effects, and compare our findings with previous results. Especially in the TeV range, the fractional variability is higher than in previous studies, which can be explained by the much longer (seven years compared to few weeks) and more complete data sample.
KW  - blazars
KW  - variability
KW  - fractional variability
KW  - active galactic nuclei
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-197348
SN  - 2075-4434
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Temme, Fabian
A1  - Adam, Jan
A1  - Ahnen, Max L.
A1  - Baack, Dominik
A1  - Balbo, Matteo
A1  - Bergmann, Matthias
A1  - Biland, Adrian
A1  - Blank, Michael
A1  - Bretz, Thomas
A1  - Brügge, Kai A.
A1  - Buss, Jens
A1  - Dmytriiev, Anton
A1  - Dorner, Daniela
A1  - Einecke, Sabrina
A1  - Hempfling, Christina
A1  - Hildebrand, Dorothee
A1  - Hughes, Gareth
A1  - Linhoff, Lena
A1  - Mannheim, Karl
A1  - Müller, Sebastian
A1  - Neise, Dominik
A1  - Neronov, Andrii
A1  - Nöthe, Max
A1  - Paravac, Aleksander
A1  - Pauss, Felicitas
A1  - Rhode, Wolfgang
A1  - Shukla, Amit
A1  - Thaele, Julia
A1  - Walter, Roland
T1  - Long-Term monitoring of bright blazars in the multi-GeV to TeV range with FACT
JF  - Galaxies
N2  - Blazars like Markarian 421 or Markarian 501 are active galactic nuclei (AGN), with their jets orientated towards the observer. They are among the brightest objects in the very high energy (VHE) gamma ray regime (>100 GeV). Their emitted gamma-ray fluxes are extremely variable, with changing activity levels on timescales between minutes, months, and even years. Several questions are part of the current research, such as the question of the emission regions or the engine of the AGN and the particle acceleration. A dedicated longterm monitoring program is necessary to investigate the properties of blazars in detail. A densely sampled and unbiased light curve allows for observation of both high and low states of the sources, and the combination with multi-wavelength observation could contribute to the answer of several questions mentioned above. FACT (First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope) is the first operational telescope using silicon photomultiplier (SiPM, also known as Geigermode—Avalanche Photo Diode, G-APD) as photon detectors. SiPM have a very homogenous and stable longterm performance, and allow operation even during full moon without any filter, leading to a maximal duty cycle for an Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescope (IACT). Hence, FACT is an ideal device for such a longterm monitoring of bright blazars. A small set of sources (e.g., Markarian 421, Markarian 501, 1ES 1959+650, and 1ES 2344+51.4) is currently being monitored. In this contribution, the FACT telescope and the concept of longterm monitoring of bright blazars will be introduced. The results of the monitoring program will be shown, and the advantages of densely sampled and unbiased light curves will be discussed.
KW  - Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescope
KW  - First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope
KW  - very high energy gamma rays
KW  - long-term monitoring
KW  - silicon photo multiplier
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198088
SN  - 2075-4434
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PB  - MDPI
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gschmack, Eva
A1  - Monoranu, Camelia-Maria
A1  - Marouf, Hecham
A1  - Meyer, Sarah
A1  - Lessel, Lena
A1  - Idris, Raja
A1  - Berg, Daniela
A1  - Maetzler, Walter
A1  - Steigerwald, Frank
A1  - Volkmann, Jens
A1  - Gerlach, Manfred
A1  - Riederer, Peter
A1  - Koutsilieri, Eleni
A1  - Scheller, Carsten
T1  - Plasma autoantibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) react with brain areas according to Braak staging of Parkinson’s disease
JF  - Journal of Neural Transmission
N2  - Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a progredient degeneration of the brain, starting at deep subcortical areas such as the dorsal motor nucleus of the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves (DM) (stage 1), followed by the coeruleus–subcoeruleus complex; (stage 2), the substantia nigra (SN) (stage 3), the anteromedial temporal mesocortex (MC) (stage 4), high-order sensory association areas and prefrontal fields (HC) (stage 5) and finally first-order sensory association areas, premotor areas, as well as primary sensory and motor field (FC) (stage 6). Autoimmunity might play a role in PD pathogenesis. Here we analyzed whether anti-brain autoantibodies differentially recognize different human brain areas and identified autoantigens that correlate with the above-described dissemination of PD pathology in the brain. Brain tissue was obtained from deceased individuals with no history of neurological or psychiatric disease and no neuropathological abnormalities. Tissue homogenates from different brain regions (DM, SN, MC, HC, FC) were subjected to SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Blots were incubated with plasma samples from 30 PD patients and 30 control subjects and stained with anti-IgG antibodies to detect anti-brain autoantibodies. Signals were quantified. Prominent autoantigens were identified by 2D-gel-coupled mass spectrometry sequencing. Anti-brain autoantibodies are frequent and occur both in healthy controls and individuals with PD. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was identified as a prominent autoantigen recognized in all plasma samples. GFAP immunoreactivity was highest in DM areas and lowest in FC areas with no significant differences in anti-GFAP autoantibody titers between healthy controls and individuals with PD. The anti-GFAP autoimmunoreactivity of different brain areas correlates with the dissemination of histopathological neurodegeneration in PD. We hypothesize that GFAP autoantibodies are physiological but might be involved as a cofactor in PD pathogenesis secondary to a leakage of the blood–brain barrier.
KW  - Parkinson
KW  - GFAP
KW  - autoantibodies
KW  - Braak
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-325161
VL  - 129
IS  - 5-6
ER  -