TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hennig, Thomas
A1  - Djakovic, Lara
A1  - Dölken, Lars
A1  - Whisnant, Adam W.
T1  - A Review of the Multipronged Attack of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 on the Host Transcriptional Machinery
JF  - Viruses
N2  - During lytic infection, herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 induces a rapid shutoff of host RNA synthesis while redirecting transcriptional machinery to viral genes. In addition to being a major human pathogen, there is burgeoning clinical interest in HSV as a vector in gene delivery and oncolytic therapies, necessitating research into transcriptional control. This review summarizes the array of impacts that HSV has on RNA Polymerase (Pol) II, which transcribes all mRNA in infected cells. We discuss alterations in Pol II holoenzymes, post-translational modifications, and how viral proteins regulate specific activities such as promoter-proximal pausing, splicing, histone repositioning, and termination with respect to host genes. Recent technological innovations that have reshaped our understanding of previous observations are summarized in detail, along with specific research directions and technical considerations for future studies.
KW  - herpes simplex virus
KW  - RNA polymerase II
KW  - transcription
KW  - host shutoff
KW  - promoter-proximal pausing
KW  - C-terminal domain
KW  - polyadenylation
KW  - splicing
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-246165
SN  - 1999-4915
VL  - 13
IS  - 9
ER  -