TY - THES A1 - Hausmann, Michael T1 - Analyse der Genexpression verschiedener Kandidatengene und der Methylierung im Xiphophorus Melanom T1 - Analysing Gene Expression of Candidate Genes and Methylation in Xiphophorus Melanoma N2 - Das Melanom ist eine der aggressivsten Formen von malignen Tumoren beim Menschen. Bei Fischen der Gattung Xiphophorus kommt es zur spontanen Tumorformation, welche auch durch zwischenartliche Kreuzung herbeiführbar ist. Hybride mit angeborenem Melanom stellen ein nützliches Tiermodell zur Untersuchung der genetischen Grundlage der Tumorentwicklung dar. Ihre Tumorigenese hängt mit der pigmentzellspezifischen Überexpression der durch eine Mutation aktivierten Rezeptortyrosinkinase Xmrk zusammen. In reinrassigen Fischen wird die onkogene Funktion des xmrk durch den Genlocus R, welcher molekular noch nicht identifiziert wurde, unterdrückt. Zusammen mit der Überexpression von xmrk konnten mittels einer RNA-Seq Analyse weitere Gene gefunden werden, welche differenziell in den Proben von malignen und benignen Geweben des Xiphophorus exprimiert werden. Des Weiteren ist bekannt, dass die Methylierung des xmrk Promotors Einfluss auf die Expression des Genes hat. Um die Daten der durch RNA-Seq gefundenen Kandidatengene zu validieren, wurde deren Expression in malignen und benignen Geweben der Flossen und des Rumpfes mittels qPCR quantifiziert. Zusätzlich dazu wurde die Expression einiger humaner Orthologe dieser Gene in Proben aus humanen Melanomzelllinien gemessen. Mir war es möglich zu zeigen, dass mit Ausnahme von cdkn2ab, mitfb und xirp2b alle Kandidatengene signifikant unterschiedlich in mindestens einem Vergleich von benignem und malignem Gewebe exprimiert waren. Das mit xmrk verglichen gegensätzliche Expressionsmuster von pdcd4a macht es zu einem vielversprechenden Kandidaten als vom R-Locus codierten Tumorsuppressorgen. In den humanen Melanomzelllinien konnte ausschließlich von PDGFRB keine erhöhte Expression in irgendeiner Probe nachgewiesen werden. Während die Expression von PDCD4, C-MYC und MITF in mindestens drei der vier Zelllinien mittelstark erhöht war, ließ sich bei KIT eine enorm gesteigerte Überexpression in Zellen der Linie Hermes3a nachweisen. Da drei der fünf analysierten Gene und ihre Orthologen ähnliche Expressionsmuster in Proben des Xiphophorus und der humanen Melanomzelllinien zeigen, deuten diese Ergebnisse auf die Nützlichkeit des Tiermodells zur Identifizierung entscheidender Gene und Signalwege im malignen Melanom hin. Ein zweites Ziel der Arbeit war das Erlangen tieferer Einblicke in die Methylierung des Xiphophorus Melanoms auf einer globalen und promotor- spezifischen Ebene. Um die Hypothese einer Reduzierung der globalen Methylierung zu testen, führte ich eine kolorimetrische Quantifizierung der 5-mC DNA in Kontroll- und Tumorgeweben aus. Diese Vorgehensweise zeigte zum ersten Mal eine signifikante Verminderung der methylierten globalen DNA in den benignen Läsionen und malignen Melanomen der Flossen verglichen mit dem Kontrollgewebe. Um herauszufinden, on diese Demethylierung direkt mit der Überexpression des xmrk verbunden ist, analysierte ich als nächstes die Methylierung eines CpG Dinukleotids des xmrk Promotors mithilfe von methylierungssensitiven Restriktionsendonukleasen. Obwohl nur in den Proben des exophytischen Tumorwachstums als Krebsgewebe eine verringerte Methylierung des CpG Dinukleotids verglichen mit den Kontrollen nachgewiesen werden konnte, zeigte sich die Stelle in Zellen der Xiphophorus Melanomzelllinie PSM komplett unmethyliert. Diese Ergebnisse deuten stark daraufhin, dass eine differenzierte Methylierung das onkogene Potential dieser Zellen bewirkt. Um die Effekte veränderter globaler und promotor-spezifischer Methylierung auf die Tumorigenese besser zu verstehen, sind weitere Untersuchungen nötig. N2 - Melanoma is among the most aggressive forms of malignant tumors in humans. In fish of the genus Xiphophorus melanoma tumor formation happens spontaneously in nature and can also be induced by interspecific crossing. Hybrid fish with hereditary melanoma are an established animal model for the study of the genetic origin of tumor development. Their tumorigenesis is linked to the overexpression of the mutationally activated receptor tyrosine kinase Xmrk in pigment cells. In purebred fish the molecularly still unrevealed locus R is suppressing the oncogenic function of xmrk. Along with the overexpression of xmrk a RNA-Seq analysis revealed even more differentially expressed genes in the tissues of malignant melanoma in Xiphophorus compared to benign tissues. Furthermore, there has already been gained evidence that the methylation status of the xmrk promotor has effects on its overexpression. To validate the RNA-Seq data of the candidate genes, gene expression in malignant and benign tissues of the fins and trunk was quantified using qPCR. Additionally, the expression of some human orthologues of these genes was also analyzed in samples of human melanoma cell lines. I was able to demonstrate that with the exception of cdkn2ab, mitfb and xirp2b all candidate genes are significantly differentially expressed in at least one set of tissues varying in dignity. The opposite expression pattern of pdcd4a compared to xmrk makes it a promising candidate as the at the R locus encoded tumor suppressor gene. In the human melanoma cell lines only the expression of PDGFRB wasn't increased in any of the samples. While the expression of PDCD4, C-MYC and MITF was moderately higher in at least three of the four cell lines, KIT was shown to be hugely overexpressed in Hermes3a. As three of the five analyzed genes and its orthologues show a similar expression pattern in samples of the Xiphophorus and the human melanoma cell lines, these findings point out the usefulness of the animal model to find new genes and pathways within the malignant melanoma. A second aim of the thesis was to gain a deeper insight into to methylation regulation in the Xiphophorus melanoma on a global and a promoter-specific level. To test the hypothesis that global methylation is reduced in the melanoma cells, I performed a colorimetric quantification of 5-mC DNA in control and tumor tissues. This approach showed for the first time a significantly decreased amount of global DNA in the benign and malignant samples deriving from the fins compared to control tissues. To find out if this demethylation is directly linked to the overexpression of xmrk, I analyzed the methylation of CpG site in the xmrk promotor using methylation sensitive restriciton endonucleases. Interestingly in the samples of the Xiphophorus melanoma cell line PSM the CpG site wasn't methylated at all. Although only the samples of the exophytic tumor growth as a tumoric tissue were less methylated than the control, the cells of the Xiphophorus melanoma cell line PSM were completely unmethylated. These results imply that differential methylation triggers the oncogenic potential of these cells. To improve the understanding of the effects global and promoter-specific methylation has on tumorigenesis, further studies are necessary. KW - Xiphophorus Melanom KW - Genexpression KW - Epigenetik Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205258 ER - TY - THES A1 - Müller-Bechstein, Philipp Robert T1 - Wundheilungsstörung nach Bypass-Operationen des Herzens. Vergleich SIMA vs. BIMA T1 - Sternal wound infection after coronary artery bypass surgery. Comparison SIMA vs. BIMA N2 - Die Poststernotomie Mediastinitis ist eine gefährliche Komplikation, die mit hoher Letalität, großem Behandlungsaufwand und vermehrtem Leiden der Patienten verbunden ist. Die Bypassanlage unter Verwendung der Arteria mammaria interna wird kontrovers diskutiert. Besonders die Nutzung beider Arterien zur Anlage eines BIMA-Bypasses gilt als Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung sternaler Wundheilungsstörung. Zwischen dem 01.01.2008 bis 31.12.2011 wurden in der Klinik für Thorax-, Herz- und Thorakale Gefäßchirurgie der Universität Würzburg 3932 Operationen unter Einsatz der Herz-Lungen-Maschine durchgeführt. Nach Anwendung von Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien wurden 2418 Patienten retrospektiv betrachtet. 5,29% der Patienten entwickelten sternale Wundheilungsstörungen unterschiedlichen Typs. Die beiden Hauptgruppen bildeten Gruppe SIMA (Verwendung einer Brustwandarterie) und Gruppe BIMA (Verwendung beider Brustwandarterien). Oberflächliche sternale Wundheilungsstörungen traten bei 1,94%, Mediastinitis bei 3,35% der Patienten auf. Der Vergleich der beiden Hauptgruppen zeigte, dass Patienten die einen BIMA Bypass erhielten, ein zweifach höheres Risiko für oberflächliche Wundheilungsstörungen hatten (p=0,026). Mediastinitis wurde in keiner der beiden Gruppen signifikant häufiger beobachtet (p=0,352). Eine Sterberate von 5,74% entspricht dem Durchschnitt anderer Publikationen. Nach Ausschluss von Kombinationsoperationen wurden isolierte koronare Bypassoperationen betrachtet. 4,34% der Patienten entwickelten Wundheilungsstörungen unterschiedlichen Typs. Das Auftreten von Mediastinitis war in beiden Hauptgruppen ähnlich verteilt (2,36% SIMA vs. 3,44% BIMA). Ein p-Wert von 0,297 zeigte kein signifikant vermehrtes Auftreten von Mediastinitis in einer der beiden Hauptgruppen. N2 - Mediastinitis after cardiac surgery still is a major complication. Using the internal mammary artery for a coronary artery bypass seems to be a predictive risk factor for wound infection. Especially using both arteries as a BIMA bypass seems to be a risk factor for Mediastinitis. Between 01.01.2008 and 31.12.2011, at the Clinic for thoracic, cardiac and thoracic vascular surgery at University Hospital Würzburg 3932 Patients underwent surgery, using heart-lung-machine. After a scrutiny of eligibility criteria, 2418 Patients were retrospectively included in this study. 5,29% of patients developed wound infections of different types. The two major groups were constituted of SIMA (use of one thoracic artery) and BIMA (use of both thoracic artery). 1,94% of the patients suffered superficial sternal wound infection and 3,35% had mediastinitis. Comparison of the two major groups showed that patients with BIMA bypass had a two times higher risk for superficial sternal wound infection (p=0,026). Mediastinitis did not show a significant increase in any of the groups (p=0,352). A mortality rate of 5,74% corresponds to the average in other publications. After excluding combined operations, isolated coronary artery bypass operations were considered. 4,34% of patients in this group suffered from wound infection of different types. Occurrence of mediastinitis was on a similar level in both groups (SIMA 2,36% vs. BIMA 3,44%) With a p-value of 0,297 none of the two groups showed a significant increase in mediastinitis. KW - Herzchirurgie KW - Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz- und Thoraxchirurgie (Würzburg) KW - Bypassoperation KW - Mediastinum KW - Wundinfektion KW - Mediastintis KW - Arteria mammaria interna KW - Tiefe sternale Wundheilungsstörung KW - Deep sternal wound infection KW - SIMA Bypass KW - BIMA Bypass Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205404 ER - TY - THES A1 - Fett, Susanne T1 - Expression der mitotischen Regulatorproteine Pds5A, Pds5B, Mad2A und Mad2B in astrozytären Tumoren im Kontext der chromosomalen Instabilität, Tumorprogression und Patientenprognose T1 - Expression of the mitotic regulating proteins Pds5A, Pds5B, Mad2A and Mad2B in astrocytic tumors in the context of chromosomal instability, tumor progression and patient prognosis N2 - Die zunehmende Bedeutung der Molekularbiologie zeigt sich in der neuen WHO-Klassifikation von 2016 für ZNS-Tumoren und insbesondere astrozytäre Tumoren. Dabei gehört das Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) mit einer äußerst ungünstigen Prognose zu den hoch-malignen Astrozytomen (WHO °IV) und ist durch eine ausgeprägte chromosomale Instabilität (CIN) gekennzeichnet. Der mitotische Spindelkontrollpunkt (SAC) und die zeitlich korrekte Auflösung der Schwesterchromatidkohäsion sorgen normalerweise für den fehlerfreien Ablauf der Mitose. Um der Ursache der CIN nachzugehen, wurden die Regulatorproteine des SAC Mad2A und Mad2B sowie der Schwesterchromatidkohäsion Pds5A und Pds5B in einem Patientenpanel immunhistochemisch untersucht. Alle vier Proteine wiesen eine hohe Expression in Proliferationszentren auf, die durch Ki67-Expression definiert wurden. Zusätzlich wurden Unterschiede in der Expressionsstärke bzw. der subzellulären Lokalisation detektiert. Pds5A könnte für die Ausbildung von Rezidiven niedriggradiger Astrozytome (low-grade astrozytoma, LGA) °II bzw. von sekundären GBM wichtig sein. Sein Ortholog war in allen Tumorentitäten gleichmäßig hoch exprimiert. Eine starke Mad2A-Expression war in allen GBM im Vergleich zu allen LGA °II signifikant vermindert und könnte durch den in GBM häufig vorkommenden Verlust von Chromosomenarm 4q bedingt sein, der das Mad2A-Gen enthält. Für sein Homolog Mad2B konnte ein signifikanter Anstieg in der Gesamt- bzw. Zytoplasmaexpression mit steigendem WHO-Grad ermittelt werden. Eine niedrige Gesamtexpression von Mad2A bzw. von Mad2B in Kern- und Zytoplasma könnte mit einem Überlebensvorteil für GBM-Patienten verbunden sein. Je nach Entität, Expressionsstärke und Expressionslokalisation gab es Korrelationen zwischen der Expression von Ki67, Pds5A, Pds5B, Mad2A und Mad2B. Die Expressionswerte dieser mitotischen Regulatorproteine könnten einerseits der Grund für, andererseits aber auch eine Konsequenz von CIN sein und eine Anpassung der Tumorzellen zur Ausbalancierung der Vor- und Nachteile genetischer Veränderungen darstellen, die ihr Überleben sichert (Rimkus et al., 2007). Damit könnten diese Regulatorproteine als neue Angriffspunkte einer noch spezifischeren Therapie in der Behandlung von astrozytären Tumoren und für die Prognose von Patienten Bedeutung erlangen. N2 - The increasing relevance of molecular biology is shown in the latest 2016 WHO-Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System especially in regards to astrocytic tumors. Astrocytic tumors show aneuploidy. Pds5A, Pds5B, Mad2A and Mad2B have an important influence and impact on the correct segregation of chromosomes during mitosis. Precocious dissociation of sisters 5 A and B (Pds5A and B) bind to Cohesin and are part of the regulation of sister chromatid cohesion. Mitotic arrest deficient 2 A and B (Mad2A and B) are essential key-proteins for the spindle assembly checkpoint. Incorrect expression of these proteins leads to missegregation and aneuploidy. In this work I show the expression of the proteins Pds5A, Pds5B, Mad2A and Mad2B by immunohistochemistry in proliferating centers of tissue samples of 40 patients with astrocytic tumors (low-grade astroytoma (LGA °II) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)). Tissue samples comprise dormant LGA °II, recurrent LGA °II and their relapses, malignant progressing LGA °II developing to secondary GBM (IDH-mutant GBM), and primary GBM (IDH-wildtype GBM). All proteins showed high expression in the proliferating centers. The expressions of the different astrocytic grades have been statistically analysed (Comparison, Survival, Correlation). The results of the expression of the regulating proteins could be relevant for new therapies and the prognosis of patients. KW - Tumor KW - Astrozytom KW - Mitose KW - Aneuploidie KW - Astrozytäre Tumore KW - Immunhistochemie KW - Pds5A und Pds5B KW - Mad2A und Mad2B Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205416 ER - TY - THES A1 - Stowasser, Christian T1 - Mangelernährung und Appetitlosigkeit bei Patienten mit metastasierter oder rezidivierter Tumorerkrankung T1 - Malnutrition and loss of appetite in patients with metastasized or relapsed cancer N2 - Mangelernährung und Appetitlosigkeit werden trotz zunehmender Forschung noch in ihren Auswirkungen auf Patienten und Gesundheitssystem unterschätzt. Um dem entgegenzuwirken, sind zusätzliche Informationen zu Risikofaktoren, Auswirkungen und zu einem adäquaten Screening beider Symptome vonnöten. Diese Untersuchung geht der Frage nach, ob die Erfassung der Appetitlosigkeit auch ein geeignetes Verfahren zur Einschätzung des Mangelernährungsrisikos darstellt. Zusätzlich wurden die Patienten auf Risikofaktoren und Auswirkungen von Mangelernährung und Appetitlosigkeit hin untersucht. Dazu wurden bei den Patienten unter anderem soziodemographische Daten, ein NRS-2002 Vorscreening und die per ESAS erfasste Symptomlast statistisch ausgewertet. Diese waren zuvor im Rahmen des BUKA Projekts an der Universität Würzburg ermittelt worden. Von den 486 geeigneten Patienten konnten 477 in die Untersuchung eingeschlossen werden. Davon zeigten 65.6% ein erhöhtes Mangelernährungsrisiko und 31.2% eine manifeste Appetitlosigkeit. Der Allgemeinzustand und die Lebensqualität beider Gruppen waren signifikant eingeschränkt. Zusätzlich wiesen sie eine deutlich erhöhte Symptombelastung im ESAS auf. Als unabhängige Risikofaktoren für Mangelernährung konnten der BMI, der Allgemeinzustand (ECOG Status), die Tumorlokalisation und der Appetitstatus eruiert werden. Bei der Appetitlosigkeit traf dies auf den ECOG Status, das Alter und das NRS Vorscreening zu. Die Bestimmung der Appetitlosigkeit erwies sich als nicht ausreichend präzise, um auch das Mangelernährungsrisiko zu erfassen. Insgesamt wurden 61.4% der Patienten übereinstimmend getestet. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit bei erhöhtem Mangelernährungsrisiko (NRS Vorscreening positiv) auch eine manifeste Appetitlosigkeit (ESAS Appetitverlust>3) aufzuweisen betrug nur 44%. Andererseits aber zeigten Patienten mit manifester Appetitlosigkeit in 94% auch ein erhöhtes Mangelernährungsrisiko. Der Einfluss von BMI, Tumorlokalisation und Appetitverlust zeigte sich hierbei signifikant auf die Chance übereinstimmend getestet zu werden. In der Zusammenschau betonen die Ergebnisse unserer Untersuchung die Wichtigkeit einer präzisen Erfassung von Appetitlosigkeit und Mangelernährung bei Tumorpatienten, auch in der Palliativmedizin. Besonders vor dem Hintergrund einer alternden Gesellschaft mit wahrscheinlich zunehmender Inzidenz und Prävalenz von Tumorerkrankungen gewinnen Erkennung und Therapie von Mangelernährung und Appetitlosigkeit zusätzlich an Bedeutung.   N2 - Despite increasing research, malnutrition and loss of appetite are still underestimated in their effects on patients and the health system. To counteract this, additional information on risk factors, effects and adequate screening of both symptoms is required. This investigation examines the question of whether the detection of anorexia is also a suitable method for assessing the risk of malnutrition. In addition, the patients were examined for risk factors and effects of malnutrition and loss of appetite. For this purpose, socio-demographic data, an NRS-2002 pre-screening and the symptom burden recorded by ESAS were statistically evaluated. These had previously been determined as part of the BUKA project at the University of Würzburg. Of the 486 eligible patients, 477 were included in the study. Of these, 65.6% showed an increased risk for malnutrition and 31.2% loss of appetite. The general condition and quality of life of both groups were significantly reduced. In addition, they showed a significantly increased symptom burden in the ESAS. The BMI, general condition (ECOG status), tumor location and appetite status were identified as independent risk factors for malnutrition. In the case of anorexia, this applied to the ECOG status, age and the result of the NRS pre-screening. The determination of anorexia turned out to be not sufficiently precise to also record the malnutrition risk. A total of 61.4% of the patients were tested consistently. The likelihood of anorexia (ESAS loss of appetite> 3) in patients with an increased risk for malnutrition (NRS screening positive) was only 44%. On the other hand, patients with anorexia also showed an increased risk of malnutrition in 94%. The influence of BMI, tumor localization and loss of appetite was shown to be significant in the chance of being tested in agreement. In summary, the results of our investigation emphasize the importance of a precise assessment of anorexia and malnutrition in tumor patients, also in palliative medicine. Particularly in the context of an aging society with a likely increase in the incidence and prevalence of tumor diseases, the detection and therapy of malnutrition and anorexia are becoming increasingly important. KW - Palliativmedizin KW - Mangelernährung KW - Appetitlosigkeit KW - Tumor KW - Universitätsklinikum Würzburg KW - Tumorpatienten KW - Malnutrition KW - Anorexia KW - Oncology KW - NRS-2002 KW - Palliative Medicine Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205122 ER - TY - THES A1 - Heyn, Johannes T1 - Kurz- und langfristige Lern- und Habituationseffekte bei der Anwendung des Oldenburger Satztests an jungen, normalhörenden Probanden T1 - Short-term and long-term training effects using the Oldenburg sentence test N2 - Hintergrund. Sprachaudiometrische Tests quantifizieren das Sprachverständnis. Sie dienen u.a. der Indikationsstellung, Anpassung und Kontrolle von Hörhilfen. Laut der 2017 aktualisierten Richtlinie des gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses über die Verordnung von Hilfsmitteln in der vertragsärztlichen Versorgung kann der Oldenburger Satztest für die Indikationsstellung bei der Hörgeräteversorgung eingesetzt werden, stellt aber keine zwingende Voraussetzung dar. Ziel der Arbeit (Fragestellung). Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit stellte das strukturierte Erfassen des kurz- und langfristigen Lerneffekts bei der mehrfachen Durchführung des Oldenburger Satztests dar. Material und Methoden. Der Oldenburger Satztest wurde 32 jungen, normalhörenden Probanden in 3 Testsitzungen à 5 Testdurchläufe à 30 Sätze im Abstand von je 50 Tagen präsentiert. Untersucht wurden der SRT-50% und der ableitbare Lerneffekt in Abhängigkeit von Geschlecht, Testsitzung, Testdurchlauf, Testmodus (offen versus geschlossen durch Vorlage einer Karte mit dem gesamten Wortrepertoire) und im geschlossenen Testdesign die Leserichtung. Ergebnisse. Testsitzung und Testdurchlauf konnten als signifikante Einflussfaktoren bestätigt werden. Bei der Auswertung der SRT-Werte zeigte sich ein signifikanter Lerneffekt von insgesamt 4,13 dB (2,61 dB innerhalb der ersten, 1,77 dB innerhalb der zweiten und 1,65 dB innerhalb der dritten Testsitzung). Eine Sättigung des Lerneffekts konnte nicht beobachtet werden. Einhergehend mit der Verbesserung zeigte sich eine zunehmend schnellere Antwortzeit. Diskussion. Eine vollständige Klärung der dem Lerneffekt zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen kann nicht gegeben werden. Die Resultate bestätigen den kurzfristigen Lerneffekt und zeigen eindeutig einen langfristigen Lerneffekt, der in Klinik und Forschung beachtet werden sollte. N2 - Background. Speech audiometry quantifies the speech reception threshold. Speech reception threshold test are used for the indication, adaptation and control of hearing aids. According to the 2017 renewed guideline („Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss“) determining the diagnostic progress in case of hearing loss the Oldenburg sentence test can be used. Objectives. The aim of the current study was to analyze the short-term and long-term training effects using the Oldenburg sentence test. Materials and methods. The Oldenburg sentence test was presented to 32 young, normal hearing subjects in 3 sessions in an interval of 50 days. Each session contained 5 runs with 30 sentences. The SRT-50% and the consecutive training effect were tested in dependence of gender, session, run, test-mode (open vs. closed by showing a card containing all words) and in the closed format the direction of reading. Results. Session and run were confirmed significant. The analysis of the SRT showed a significant total training effect of 4,13 dB (2,61 dB within the first session, 1,77 dB within the second session, 1,65 dB within the third session). A saturation of the training effect was not observed. Analogous to this improvement a faster response time was observed. Conclusion. The mechanisms causing the learning effect can not be explained completely. The results confirm the short-time learning effect and clearly show a long-term learning effect. These results should be regarded in clinical examinations and in research. KW - Hörtest KW - Sprachaudiometrie KW - Sprachtest KW - Oldenburger Satztest (OLSA) KW - Lerneffekt KW - Hearing test KW - Speech audiometry KW - Oldenburg sentence test KW - training effect Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205136 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmitz, Barbara T1 - King and God : conceptions of rule and God in 3 Maccabees T2 - Figures who shape scriptures, scriptures that shape figures N2 - In 3 Maccabees, kingship as a form of rule is addressed on two levels: On the political level the question about a good king is addressed against the background of Hellenistic understandings of kingship, using the example of Ptolemy IV Philopator. This king is portrayed at the beginning of 3 Maccabees as a successful, positive, Hellenistic ruler, but one whose good rule goes off the rails. This analysis of the ideal of Hellenistic rule (cf. 3 Macc. 3:12-29; 6:24-28; 7:1-9) is then taken to a theological level: the God of Israel is portrayed as the true good king, the Soter who saves his people in their time of greatest trial (6:29, 32; 7:16). By these means the many divine epithets that are a striking feature of 3 Maccabees are incorporated into the narrative (cf. 2:2-3). Thereby 3 Maccabees not only thematises the conflict with a Hellenistic king who exploits his power in diverse ways but also focuses in a concentrated way the notion of a good (Hellenistic) king into the notion of God as king and ruler. KW - Maccabees KW - Hellenistic kingship KW - Xenophon KW - Cyropaidia KW - Isocrates KW - God in 3 Macc Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205149 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmitz, Barbara T1 - Aspects of Worship in the Letter of Aristeas T2 - Various Aspects of Worship in Deuterocanonical and Cognate Literature N2 - Although the Letter of Aristeas mentions the translation of the Jewish nomos into Greek, it is striking that worship is not a fundamental theme of this writing. Nevertheless, six passages present acts of worship, which recount worship from different perspectives: Aristeas prays to God and explains his “Greek” idea of worship (Let. Aris. 17), whereas in Let. Aris. 132-140 the high priest explains the Jewish concept of worship. Sacrifices and prayers at the temple in Jerusalem for the Ptolemaic royal house are told in Let. Aris. 45, while at the Ptolemaic court in Alexandria one of the Jewish scholars prays at the beginning of the symposium (Let. Aris. 184-186). Then the daily prayer of the Jewish scholars are recounted in Let. Aris. 305-306 and finally the Ptolemaic king performs a proskynesis before the law at the end of the letter and thereby accepts the translation (Let. Aris. 317). KW - Aristeas KW - Letter of Aristeas KW - worship KW - proskynesis Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205150 VL - 2016/2017 ER - TY - THES A1 - Heitmann, Johanna Friederike T1 - Signaltransduktionsweg nach rtPA-Behandlung im peripheren Nerven zur Barrierenöffnung für hydrophile Analgetika in der Regionalanästhesie T1 - Signaling pathway of rtPA for drug delivery of hydrophilic analgesics to the peripheral nerve for nociception-specific regional analgesia N2 - Zur Durchführung peripherer Nervenblockaden werden im klinischen Alltag nichtselektive Lokalanästhetika verwendet, die neben sensorischen auch motorische Nervenfasern blockieren. Diese Arbeit untersucht und beschreibt Grundlagen für die Verwendung selektiv wirksamer Co-Analgetika. Ziel dieser Arbeit war in diesem Kontext die Analyse der intrazellulären Signalwege, welche nach Applikation von rtPA am peripheren Nerven zur Öffnung der perineuralen Barriere und so zu einer opiat- vermittelten Analgesie führen. Gemäß unserer Hypothese bindet rtPA an den LRP-1- Rezeptor und löst eine intrazelluläre Signalkaskade aus: Erk wird phosphoryliert und inhibiert über bislang unklare Mechanismen die Claudin-1-Transkription. Claudin-1 wird weniger in die Zellmembran eingebaut und/oder verlässt durch Endozytose/ Internalisierung die Zellmembran, was zur Öffnung der perineuralen Barriere führt und den Durchtritt selektiv wirksamer Analgetika erlaubt. In der späteren Phase steht die Analyse der Wiederherstellung der Barrierefunktion der Zellmembran im Vordergrund. Die ist von zentraler Bedeutung um eine Schädigung des Nervens durch das Umgebungsmilieu zu verhindern. Vermutlich wird die Wiederherstellung der Barrierefunktion über den Wnt-Signalweg gesteuert. Die Akkumulation von b-Catenin und Cdx2 führt zu einem erneuten Anstieg der Claudin-1-Transkription. Der Claudin-1- Gehalt steigt in Western Blot-Untersuchungen jedoch bereits zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt in der Zellmembran wieder an. Dies legt nahe, dass weitere von der Transkription unabhängige Mechanismen zur Wiederherstellung der Barrierefunktion beitragen. Eine mögliche Alternative zu rtPA stellt katalytisch inaktives rtPAi dar, welches in Untersuchungen ähnliche Ergebnisse wie rtPA zeigte. Dabei könnte die Verwendung von rtPAi anstatt rtPA pathophysiologisch denkbare Komplikationen wie beispielsweise Blutungen verhindern. In Versuchen anderer Mitglieder der Arbeitsgruppe wurde die Öffnung der perineuralen Barriere mittels immunhistochemischer und funktioneller Untersuchungen bestätigt. Auch konnten keine akute Neurotoxizität oder Blutungsgefahr beobachtet werden. Somit stellt rtPA in Kombination mit Opioiden eine mögliche Alternative zur Verbesserung der postoperativen Analgesie dar, die jedoch weiterer Untersuchungen hinsichtlich von Nutzen, Risiken und Nebenwirkungen bedarf. N2 - Regional postoperative pain treatment with non-selective local anesthetics does not only block nociception but also the motoric function of the nerve. This thesis describes and examines principles for the utilization of selective co-analgesics. Aim of this study was to analyze the intracellular signaling-pathways after application of rtPA to the peripheral nerve. The application leads to an opening of the blood-nerve-barrier and to an opioid-mediated analgesia. We postulate that rtPA binds to the LRP-1-receptor and leads via phosphorylation of Erk to a downregulation of Claudin-1-transcription. The mechanism of downregulation is unknown. Claudin-1 is less incorporated into the cell membrane and/or it is removed by endocytosis. This leads to an opening of the blood- nerve-barrier and hydrophilic analgesics like opioids can reach the nerve. After the opening of the barrier we analyzed the mechanisms which lead to a restitution of the barrier-function. This step is important to assure that the nerve is protected from the environment. Our theory is that the Wnt-signaling-pathway is responsible for reestablishing the barrier. An accumulation of b-Catenin and Cdx2 leads to a resumption of Claudin-1-transcription. However Western Blot investigations showed an earlier rise of Claudin-1 in the cell-membrane. This indicates that there are other, from transcription independent mechanisms, that lead to restitution of the barrier-function. Catalytic inactive rtPAi is a promising alternative to rtPA as it shows similar effects without possible side effects like bleedings. Immunohistochemistry and behavioral tests performed by other members of the group confirmed the opening of the blood-nerve-barrier after application of rtPA. No acute neurotoxicity or bleedings have been observed. Therefore, we postulate that rtPA in combination with opioids is an interesting new alternative to mediate postoperative analgesia. However, we still need further investigations to learn more about the benefit, risks and side effects of rtPA application to the peripheral nerve. KW - Schmerz KW - Therapie KW - Analgesie KW - Signaltransduktion KW - Nerven KW - Blut-Nerven-Barriere KW - Co-Analgetika KW - rtPA Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205177 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Figueiredo, Ludmilla A1 - Krauss, Jochen A1 - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf A1 - Cabral, Juliano Sarmento T1 - Understanding extinction debts: spatio-temporal scales, mechanisms and a roadmap for future research JF - Ecography N2 - Extinction debt refers to delayed species extinctions expected as a consequence of ecosystem perturbation. Quantifying such extinctions and investigating long‐term consequences of perturbations has proven challenging, because perturbations are not isolated and occur across various spatial and temporal scales, from local habitat losses to global warming. Additionally, the relative importance of eco‐evolutionary processes varies across scales, because levels of ecological organization, i.e. individuals, (meta)populations and (meta)communities, respond hierarchically to perturbations. To summarize our current knowledge of the scales and mechanisms influencing extinction debts, we reviewed recent empirical, theoretical and methodological studies addressing either the spatio–temporal scales of extinction debts or the eco‐evolutionary mechanisms delaying extinctions. Extinction debts were detected across a range of ecosystems and taxonomic groups, with estimates ranging from 9 to 90% of current species richness. The duration over which debts have been sustained varies from 5 to 570 yr, and projections of the total period required to settle a debt can extend to 1000 yr. Reported causes of delayed extinctions are 1) life‐history traits that prolong individual survival, and 2) population and metapopulation dynamics that maintain populations under deteriorated conditions. Other potential factors that may extend survival time such as microevolutionary dynamics, or delayed extinctions of interaction partners, have rarely been analyzed. Therefore, we propose a roadmap for future research with three key avenues: 1) the microevolutionary dynamics of extinction processes, 2) the disjunctive loss of interacting species and 3) the impact of multiple regimes of perturbation on the payment of debts. For their ability to integrate processes occurring at different levels of ecological organization, we highlight mechanistic simulation models as tools to address these knowledge gaps and to deepen our understanding of extinction dynamics. KW - Anthropocene KW - biotic interaction KW - extinction dynamics KW - mechanistic modelling KW - time lag KW - transient dynamics Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-204859 VL - 42 IS - 12 ER - TY - THES A1 - Brüser, Judith T1 - Prüfung der Effektivität eines interdisziplinären psychokardiologischen Behandlungsprogrammes auf die Reduktion von Depressivität, Angst und Panik und die Verbesserung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität bei psychisch belasteten kardiologischen Rehabilitanden T1 - Examination of the Effectiveness of an Interdisciplinary Psychocardiological Treatment Programme for the Reduction of Depressivity, Anxiety, and Panic and the Improvement of the Health-Related Quality of Life in Psychologically burdened Cardiological Rehabilitants N2 - In dieser Arbeit wurde geprüft, ob ein leitlinienkonformes psychokardiologisches Behandlungskonzept einer herkömmlichen kardiologischen Behandlung bei psychisch belasteten kardiologischen Rehabilitanden in der Reduktion von Angst, Depression und Panik (primäre Zielkriterien) und einer Verbesserung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (sekundäre Zielparameter) überlegen ist. In der Nebenfragstellung wurden Unterschiede in der Wirksamkeit der Intervention in Abhängigkeit vom Geschlecht explorativ geprüft. Die Fragestellungen wurden mit einem quasiexperimentellen Studiendesign mit sequentiell aufeinanderfolgenden Kohorten untersucht. Die Zielparameter wurden zu Rehabeginn, -ende und 6 Monate nach Entlassung mit validierten Fragebögen (PHQ-9, PHQ-Panik, GAD-7 und MacNew Heart Disease-Fragebogen) erfasst. Die Hauptanalyse ergab einen kleinen signifikanten Intergruppeneffekt für den Zielparameter Depressivität zugunsten der Kontrollgruppe zu Rehaende und in der Katamnese keine signifikanten Unterschiede im Behandlungserfolg beider Studienbedingungen mehr. Die Moderatoranalyse ergab kleine Interaktionseffekte zwischen Intervention und Geschlecht für Angst und die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität zu beiden Folgemess-zeitpunkten. Deskriptiv zeigte sich der Trend, dass Frauen von der Interventionsbedingung schlechter, Männer hingegen besser profitierten. Für die mangelnde Überlegenheit des Interventionsprogrammes kommen vielfältige Aspekte in Frage, die methodisch das sequentiell aufeinanderfolgenden Behandlungsdesign betreffen sowie interventionsbezogen die Ausschöpfung der Therapieressourcen, den Zeitpunkt des Behandlungsbeginns, die Behandlungsdauer, die Berücksichtigung spezifischer Patientenbedürfnisse und auch die Möglichkeit einer ungünstigen Wirkung von Psychotherapie. Ferner war die statistische Power und damit die Aussagekraft der Studie einschränkt. Als Fazit unterliegen noch vielfältige Einflussgrößen gezieltem Forschungsbedarf. N2 - In this study, it was examined whether a guideline-conforming psychocardiological treatment concept is superior to conventional cardiological treatment for psychologically burdened cardiological rehabilitants in the reduction of anxiety, depression, and panic (primary target criteria) and an improvement of the health-related quality of life (secondary target parameters). In the supplementary question, differences in the effectiveness of the intervention depending on gender were exploratively examined. The questions were investigated with a quasiexperimental study design with sequentially consecutive cohorts. Target parameters were assessed at the start and end of rehabilitation and 6 months after discharge using validated questionnaires (PHQ-9, PHQ-Panic, GAD-7, and MacNew Heart Disease Questionnaire). The main analysis showed a small significant intergroup effect for the target parameter depressivity in favour of the control group at the end of rehabilitation and no significant in the treatment success of both study conditions in the catamnesis. The moderator analysis revealed small interaction effects between intervention and gender for anxiety and health-related quality of life at both follow-up measurement points. Descriptively, the trend showed that women benefited less from the intervention condition than men. For the lack of superiority of the intervention programme, various aspects can be considered, which methodically concern the sequentially successive treatment design as well as the exhaustive use of therapy resources, the time of the onset of treatment, the duration of treatment, the consideration of specific patient needs, and also the possibility of an unfavourable effect of psychotherapy. Furthermore, the statistical power and thus the significance of the study was limited. In conclusion, a wide range of influencing variables are still subject to a targeted need for research. KW - Depression KW - Angstsyndrom KW - Lebensqualität KW - Klinische Psychotherapie KW - Herzkrankheit KW - Psychokardiologische Behandlung KW - Angst/Panik KW - gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität KW - kardiologische Rehabilitation KW - psychological treatment KW - depression KW - anxiety/panic KW - health-related quality of life KW - cardiac rehabilitation Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198233 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - einBlick - Ausgabe 02 - 21. Januar 2020 N2 - Nachrichten aus der Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg KW - Universität KW - Würzburg KW - University KW - Wuerzburg KW - Wurzburg Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198368 UR - https://www.uni-wuerzburg.de/aktuelles/einblick/ VL - 02/2020 ER - TY - THES A1 - Engert, Viktoria T1 - Überwachung der zerebralen Gewebeoxygenierung mittels Nahinfrarotspektroskopie (NIRS) während extrakorporaler Membranoxygenierung (ECMO) bei Patienten mit Herz- und/oder Lungenversagen – Erfassung kritischer Abfälle der Gewebeoxygenierung T1 - Monitoring of Cerebral Oxygen Saturation with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in adult patients with cardiac and/or respiratory failure – Recording critical reductions of Oxygen Saturation N2 - Retrospektive Auswertung von Daten aus dem Zeitraum März 2015 bis Mai 2016 von Patienten unter ECMO-Therapie (extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung)und NIRS Monitoring (Nahinfrarotspektroskopie). Erfassung kritischer Abfälle der zerebralen Gewebeoxygenierung mittels Nahinfrarotspektroskopie (NIRS). Bestimmung und Untersuchung von Einflussparametern, welche für den Abfall der zerebralen Gewebeoxygenierung verantwortlich sein könnten. Untersuchung, ob durch das Erkennen von kritischen Abfällen der zerebralen Gewebeoxygenierung eine frühzeitige Detektion von neurologischen Komplikationen zuverlässig möglich ist. N2 - Data of adult patients treated with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), collected from March 2015 to May 2016, were retrospectively analyzed. Recording critical reductions of Cerebral Oxygen Saturation through NIRS. Determination and investigation of risk factors, which could be responsible for reduction of Cerebral Oxygen Saturation. Investigation if an early detection of neurological complications through identification of critical reductions of Cerebral Oxygen Saturation is reliably possible. KW - Extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung KW - Nahinfrarot-Spektroskopie KW - Extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung KW - Nahinfrarotspektroskopie KW - Zerebrale Gewebeoxygenierung KW - Neurologische Komplikationen KW - Extrakorporale kardiopulmonale Reanimation KW - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation KW - Near-Infrared Spectroscopy KW - Cerebral Oxygen Saturation KW - Neurological complications KW - Extracorporeal life support Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198384 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schulz, Matthias T1 - Anja Lobenstein-Reichmann u. Peter O. Müller (Hgg.): Historische Lexikographie zwischen Tradition und Innovation, Berlin u. Boston: de Gruyter 2016, VI, 349 S. (Studia Linguistica Germanica 129) JF - Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Rezension Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198415 SN - 1865-9373 SN - 0005-8076 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 140 IS - 3 SP - 400 EP - 406 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Christof A1 - Tornau, Christian T1 - „Unfreundlichkeit und Polemik im Briefkorpus Augustins“ JF - Zeitschrift für Antikes Christentum JF - Journal of Ancient Christianity N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Briefe KW - Augustinus von Hippo Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198437 SN - 1612-961X SN - 0949-9571 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ataee, Mohammad Sadegh A1 - Maghsoudi, Yasser A1 - Latifi, Hooman A1 - Fadaie, Farhad T1 - Improving estimation accuracy of growing stock by multi-frequency SAR and multi-spectral data over Iran's heterogeneously-structured broadleaf Hyrcanian forests JF - Forests N2 - Via providing various ecosystem services, the old-growth Hyrcanian forests play a crucial role in the environment and anthropogenic aspects of Iran and beyond. The amount of growing stock volume (GSV) is a forest biophysical parameter with great importance in issues like economy, environmental protection, and adaptation to climate change. Thus, accurate and unbiased estimation of GSV is also crucial to be pursued across the Hyrcanian. Our goal was to investigate the potential of ALOS-2 and Sentinel-1's polarimetric features in combination with Sentinel-2 multi-spectral features for the GSV estimation in a portion of heterogeneously-structured and mountainous Hyrcanian forests. We used five different kernels by the support vector regression (nu-SVR) for the GSV estimation. Because each kernel differently models the parameters, we separately selected features for each kernel by a binary genetic algorithm (GA). We simultaneously optimized R\(^2\) and RMSE in a suggested GA fitness function. We calculated R\(^2\), RMSE to evaluate the models. We additionally calculated the standard deviation of validation metrics to estimate the model's stability. Also for models over-fitting or under-fitting analysis, we used mean difference (MD) index. The results suggested the use of polynomial kernel as the final model. Despite multiple methodical challenges raised from the composition and structure of the study site, we conclude that the combined use of polarimetric features (both dual and full) with spectral bands and indices can improve the GSV estimation over mixed broadleaf forests. This was partially supported by the use of proposed evaluation criterion within the GA, which helped to avoid the curse of dimensionality for the applied SVR and lowest over estimation or under estimation. KW - GSV KW - nu SVR KW - uneven-aged mountainous KW - polarimetery KW - multi-spectral KW - optimization Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-197212 SN - 1999-4907 VL - 10 IS - 8 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Lisinetskaya, Polina G. A1 - Mitric, Roland T1 - Collective Response in DNA-Stabilized Silver Cluster Assemblies from First-Principles Simulations T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters N2 - We investigate fluorescence resonant energy transfer and concurrent electron dynamics in a pair of DNA-stabilized silver clusters. For this purpose we introduce a methodology for the simulation of collective optoelectronic properties of coupled molecular aggregates starting from first-principles quantum chemistry, which can be further applied to a broad range of coupled molecular systems to study their electro-optical response. Our simulations reveal the existence of low-energy coupled excitonic states, which enable ultrafast energy transport between subunits, and give insight into the origin of the fluorescence signal in coupled DNA-stabilized silver clusters, which have been recently experimentally detected. Hence, we demonstrate the possibility of constructing ultrasmall energy transmission lines and optical converters based on these hybrid molecular systems. KW - Metal clusters Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198729 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03136 N1 - This document is the unedited Author’s version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Journal of Physical Chemistry A, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2019, 10, 24, 7884-7889. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03136. ER - TY - INPR A1 - Röder, Anja A1 - Petersen, Jens A1 - Issler, Kevin A1 - Fischer, Ingo A1 - Mitric, Roland A1 - Poisson, Lionel T1 - Exploring the Excited-State Dynamics of Hydrocarbon Radicals, Biradicals and Carbenes using Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Field-Induced Surface Hopping Simulations T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry A N2 - Reactive hydrocarbon molecules like radicals, biradicals and carbenes are not only key players in combustion processes and interstellar and atmospheric chemistry, but some of them are also important intermediates in organic synthesis. These systems typically possess many low-lying, strongly coupled electronic states. After light absorption, this leads to rich photodynamics characterized by a complex interplay of nuclear and electronic motion, which is still not comprehensively understood and not easy to investigate both experimentally and theoretically. In order to elucidate trends and contribute to a more general understanding, we here review our recent work on excited-state dynamics of open-shell hydrocarbon species using time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and field-induced surface hopping simulations, and report new results on the excited-state dynamics of the tropyl and the 1-methylallyl radical. The different dynamics are compared, and the difficulties and future directions of time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and excited state dynamics simulations of open-shell hydrocarbon molecules are discussed. KW - Excited state dynamics KW - Hydrocarbon radicals KW - time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy KW - field-induced surface hopping Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198734 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.9b06346 N1 - This document is the unedited Author’s version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Journal of Physical Chemistry A, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2019, 123, 50, 10643-10662. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.9b06346. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - einBlick - Ausgabe 03 - 28. Januar 2020 N2 - Nachrichten aus der Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg KW - Universität KW - Würzburg KW - University KW - Wuerzburg KW - Wurzburg Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198786 UR - https://www.uni-wuerzburg.de/aktuelles/einblick/ VL - 03/2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gottschlich, Günter T1 - Synopse der für Deutschland nachgewiesenen Arten und Unterarten der Gattung Hieracium s. l. (Hieracium s. str. und Pilosella), aufgeschlüsselt nach Vorkommen in den einzelnen Bundesländern T1 - Synopsis of all species and subspecies of the genus Hieracium s. l. (Hieracium s. str. and Pilosella) in Germany according to the records cited in literature for the German federal states JF - Forum geobotanicum N2 - Eine Liste der 205 Arten und 1561 Unterarten der Gattung Hieracium s. l. , die in Deutschland, aufgeschlüsselt nach Bundesländern vorkommen, wird vorgestellt. Da die meisten infraspezifischen Namen unter Hieracium publiziert wurden und um die Zahl der invaliden Namen unter Pilosella in der Liste zu minimieren, wird auf eine Aufteilung in Hieracium und Pilosella verzichtet. Durch Farbmarkierungen wird gekennzeichnet, welche Unterart ursprünglich aus einem Bundesland beschrieben wurde bzw. ob ein Syntypus aus einem Bundesland stammt. N2 - A list of 205 collective species and 1563 subspecies of the genus Hieracium s. l. detected for Germany and its federal states, is provided. As the most infraspecific taxa were described under Hieracium s.l. and to avoid too much invalid names under Pilosella in the list, a separation of Hieracium and Pilosella is remained undone. By coloured marking additional informations are given whether a subspecies is originally described from a german federal state or its name has a syntype from Germany. KW - diversity KW - Hieracium KW - Asteraceae KW - Habichtskraut KW - Korbblütler KW - Langhaariges Habichtskraut Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198175 UR - http://forum-geobotanicum.net/articles/vol_9-2020/gottschlich-synopsis_hieracium/gottschlich-synopsis_hieracium.pdf SN - 1867-9315 VL - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dunkel, Franz G. T1 - Ranunculus sarntheinianus Dunkel, spec. nova, eine neue Art aus dem Ranunculus-auricomus-Komplex – seit 135 Jahren im Oberen Inntal bei Innsbruck T1 - Ranunculus sarntheinianus Dunkel, spec. nova, a new species of the Ranunculus auricomus complex – for 135 years in the Upper Inn valley near Innsbruck JF - Forum geobotanicum N2 - Für das Vorkommen einer Ranunculus auricomus-Sippe im Oberen Inntal bei Innnsbuck, Nordtirol, Österreich, existieren belegte Nachweise seit 135 Jahren. Diese Sippe sammelte L. Sarnthein am 08.06.1884, J. Murr 1887 bei Flaurling. Von beiden Aufsammlungen befinden sich Belege im Tiroler Landesmuseum (Herbarium Ferdinandeum Innsbruck; IBF). Trotz Trockenlegung der Sumpfwiesen und Eutrophierung des Biotops kommt die Art noch aktuell in einem kleinen Nasswiesenrest vor. Sie wird hier als R. sarntheinianus Dunkel beschrieben, abgebildet und ihre Taxonomie wird diskutiert. Der mutmaßlich letzte Wuchsort ist vom Aussterben bedroht. Eine graphische Darstellung soll bei Artbestimmung und Auffinden neuer Wuchsorte behilflich sein. N2 - In the Upper Inn Valley close to Innsbruck, North Tyrol, Austria, a population of the Ranunculus auricomus complex is existing for more than 135 years. On the 8 Apr 1884, L. Sarnthein collected the taxon near to the municipality of Flaurling, J. Murr in 1887. There are specimens of both collections at the Tiroler Landesmuseum (Herbarium Ferdinandeum Innsbruck; IBF). Although deterioration of the biotope took place by drainage of the swamp meadows and eutrophication of the biotope, a small population still exists in a remnant of a moistsoil meadow. The taxon is described and depicted here as Ranunculus sarntheinianus Dunkel. Its characters and taxonomy are discussed. The probably last site of R. sarntheinianus is critically endangered, and the species faces risk of extinction. KW - Ranunculus sarntheinianus KW - Ranunculus auricomus KW - Hahnenfuß KW - Österreich KW - Nordtirol Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198183 UR - http://forum-geobotanicum.net/articles/vol_9-2020/dunkel-ranunculus_sarntheinianus/dunkel-ranunculus_sarntheinianus.pdf SN - 1867-9315 VL - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Drenckhahn, Detlev A1 - Weber, Heinrich E. T1 - Die Nordfriesische Brombeere, Rubus boreofrisicus Drenckhahn & H. E. Weber, eine endemische Rubus-Art der Westküste von Schleswig-Holstein, Deutschland T1 - The North Frisian bramble, Rubus boreofrisicus Drenckhahn & H. E. Weber, an endemic Rubus species of the West coast of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany JF - Forum geobotanicum N2 - Rubus boreofrisicus Drenckhahn & H. E.Weber ist eine bisher unbeschriebene Rubus-Art der Untergattung Rubus, Serie Discolores. Die Endblättchen der 5-zähligen, handförmigen Schösslingsblätter sind breit eiförmig bis annähernd rund, unterseits grau-weißlich, oberseits dunkelgrün und schwach behaart. Die Schösslinge sind braunrot, kantig bis schwach gefurcht, etwas behaart mit geraden bis schwach gekrümmten, 5−8 mm langen, braunroten Stacheln mit heller Spitzenhälfte. Die Blütenstiele besitzen Stieldrüsen. Rubus boreofrisicus kommt häufig im Waldgürtel und in der angrenzenden Dünenheide der nordfriesischen Insel Amrum vor und ist auch 50 km südlich von Amrum in St. Peter-Ording im Westen der Halbinsel Eiderstedt vertreten. N2 - Rubus boreofrisicus Drenckhahn & H. E. Weber is an undescribed member of the subgenus Rubus, series Discolores. Stem leaves are 5-nate digitate with broad ovate to roundish terminal leaflets, greyish-white underside and dark green, slightly hairy upper side. Stems are reddish brown, angled, with flat to slightly furrowed sides, covered with few hairs and armed with 5−8 mm long straight or slightly curved reddish brown prickles with lighter tips. Pedicels display few stalked glands. Rubus boreofrisicus is abundant in the forest belt and adjacent dune heath of the North Frisian island of Amrum, (Schleswig-Holstein, Germany) but it also occurs 50 km south in St. Peter-Ording at the West coast of the peninsula Eiderstedt. KW - Rubus boreofrisicus KW - new Rubus species KW - series Discolores KW - Rubus KW - Art KW - Schleswig-Holstein KW - Amrum Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198194 UR - http://forum-geobotanicum.net/articles/vol_9-2020/drenckhahn-weber-rubus_boreofrisicus/drenckhahn-weber-rubus_boreofrisicus.pdf SN - 1867-9315 VL - 9 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Titov, Evgenii A1 - Humeniuk, Alexander A1 - Mitric, Roland T1 - Exciton localization in excited-state dynamics of a tetracene trimer: A surface hopping LC-TDDFTB study T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics N2 - Excitons in the molecular aggregates of chromophores are key participants in important processes such as photosynthesis or the functioning of organic photovoltaic devices. Therefore, the exploration of exciton dynamics is crucial. Here we report on exciton localization during excited-state dynamics of the recently synthesized tetracene trimer [Liu et al., Org. Lett., 2017, 19, 580]. We employ the surface hopping approach to nonadiabatic molecular dynamics in conjunction with the long-range corrected time-dependent density functional tight binding (LC-TDDFTB) method [Humeniuk and Mitrić, Comput. Phys. Commun., 2017, 221, 174]. Utilizing a set of descriptors based on the transition density matrix, we perform comprehensive analysis of exciton dynamics. The obtained results reveal an ultrafast exciton localization to a single tetracene unit of the trimer during excited-state dynamics, along with exciton transfer between units. KW - Exciton dynamics Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198680 UR - https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CP05240A N1 - Accepted Manuscript ER - TY - INPR A1 - Auerhammer, Nina A1 - Schulz, Alexander A1 - Schmiedel, Alexander A1 - Holzapfel, Marco A1 - Hoche, Joscha A1 - Röhr, Merle I. S. A1 - Mitric, Roland A1 - Lambert, Christoph T1 - Dynamic exciton localisation in a pyrene-BODIPY-pyrene dye conjugate T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics N2 - The photophysics of a molecular triad consisting of a BODIPY dye and two pyrene chromophores attached in 2-position are investigated by steady state and fs-time resolved transient absorption spectroscopy as well as by field induced surface hopping (FISH) simulations. While the steady state measurements indicate moderate chromophore interactions within the triad, the time resolved measurements show upon pyrene excitation a delocalised excited state which localises onto the BODIPY chromophore with a time constant of 0.12 ps. This could either be interpreted as an internal conversion process within the excitonically coupled chromophores or as an energy transfer from the pyrenes to the BODIPY dye. The analysis of FISH-trajectories reveals an oscillatory behaviour where the excitation hops between the pyrene units and the BODIPY dye several times until finally they become localised on the BODIPY chromophore within 100 fs. This is accompanied by an ultrafast nonradiative relaxation within the excitonic manifold mediated by the nonadiabatic coupling. Averaging over an ensemble of trajectories allowed us to simulate the electronic state population dynamics and determine the time constants for the nonradiative transitions that mediate the ultrafast energy transfer and exciton localisation on BODIPY. KW - Exciton localization dynamics Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198718 UR - https://doi.org/10.1039/C9CP00908F N1 - Accepted manuscript ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bauer, Boris A1 - Goebeler, Matthias A1 - Weissbrich, Benedikt A1 - Kerstan, Andreas T1 - Kerinokeratosis papulosa of childhood JF - Dermatology N2 - Background: Kerinokeratosis papulosa (KP) is considered an extremely rare genodermatosis presenting usually as waxy papules on the trunk in childhood. Objective: To describe and analyze the clinical, histological and potential etiopathological aspects of KP. Methods: The dermatoscopic features of a new case of KP of childhood are investigated. The presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in lesional skin was studied by polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, all cases of KP of childhood reported so far were reviewed. Results: As a diagnostic tool, we describe for the first time a dermatoscopic feature, namely a cribriform pattern of KP, in an 11-year-old boy. In addition, we detected HPV (type 57) in his KP lesions. Conclusions: Dermatoscopic examination might be a useful tool to distinguish KP from other skin lesions, e.g. common warts. The detection of HPV type 57 might hint to an etiological role of HPV for KP. KW - Waxy papulosis of childhood KW - Human papillomavirus KW - EVER1 KW - EVER2 KW - Kerinokeratosis papulosa Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198997 SN - 1018-8665 SN - 1421-9832 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 231 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Steinlein, Claus A1 - Winking, Heinz T1 - Multicolor Spectral Analyses of Mitotic and Meiotic Mouse Chromosomes Involved in Multiple Robertsonian Translocations. I. The CD/Cremona Hybrid Strain JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - Multicolor spectral analysis (spectral karyotyping) was applied to mitotic and male diakinetic chromosomes of hybrid mice carrying a unique system of 18 autosomal Robertsonian translocation chromosomes with alternating arm homologies. Only the autosomes 19 and the XY sex chromosomes are excluded from these Robertsonian translocations. The translocations, previously identified by conventional banding analyses, could be verified by spectral karyotyping. Besides the Robertsonian translocations, no other interchromosomal rearrangements were detected. In diakineses of male meiosis, the 18 metacentric Robertsonian translocation chromosomes form a very large meiotic ‘superring'. The predictable, specific order of the chromosomes along this ‘superring' was completely confirmed by multicolor spectral analysis. In the majority of diakineses analyzed, the free autosomal bivalent 19 and the XY sex bivalent form a conspicuous complex which tightly associates with the 12;14 Robertsonian translocation chromosome in the ‘superring'. KW - meiotic ‘superring’ KW - mouse KW - Robertsonian translocation chromosomes KW - spectral karyotyping Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-199013 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 147 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Steinlein, Claus T1 - Chromosome Banding in Amphibia. XXXIII. Demonstration of 5-Methylcytosine-Rich Heterochromatin in Anura JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - An experimental approach using monoclonal anti-5-methylcytosine (5-MeC) antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence was elaborated for detecting 5-MeC-rich chromosome regions in anuran chromosomes. This technique was applied to mitotic metaphases of 6 neotropical frog species belonging to 6 genera and 4 families. The hypermethylation patterns were compared with a variety of banding patterns obtained by conventional banding techniques. The hypermethylated DNA sequences are species-specific and located exclusively in constitutive heterochromatin. They are found in centromeric, pericentromeric, telomeric, and interstitial positions of the chromosomes and adjacent to nucleolus organizer regions. 5-MeC-rich DNA sequences can be embedded both in AT- and GC-rich repetitive DNA. The experimental parameters that have major influence on the reproducibility and quality of the anti-5-MeC antibody labeling are discussed. KW - Anura KW - heterochromatin KW - hypermethylated DNA KW - immunofluorescence KW - 5-Methylcytosine Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-199022 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 148 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Eberhard A1 - El Hajj, Nady A1 - Müller, Fabian A1 - Navarro, Bianca A1 - Haaf, Thomas T1 - Epigenetic Dysregulation in the Prefrontal Cortex of Suicide Completers JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - The epigenome is thought to mediate between genes and the environment, particularly in response to adverse life experiences. Similar to other psychiatric diseases, the suicide liability of an individual appears to be influenced by many genetic factors of small effect size as well as by environmental stressors. To identify epigenetic marks associated with suicide, which is considered the endpoint of complex gene-environment interactions, we compared the cortex DNA methylation patterns of 6 suicide completers versus 6 non-psychiatric sudden-death controls, using Illumina 450K methylation arrays. Consistent with a multifactorial disease model, we found DNA methylation changes in a large number of genes, but no changes with large effects reaching genome-wide significance. Global methylation of all analyzed CpG sites was significantly (0.25 percentage point) lower in suicide than in control brains, whereas the vast majority (97%) of the top 1,000 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were higher methylated (0.6 percentage point) in suicide brains. Annotation analysis of the top 1,000 DMRs revealed an enrichment of differentially methylated promoters in functional categories associated with transcription and expression in the brain. In addition, we performed a comprehensive literature research to identify suicide genes that have been replicated in independent genetic association, brain methylation and/or expression studies. Although, in general, there was no significant overlap between different published data sets or between our top 1,000 DMRs and published data sets, our methylation screen strengthens a number of candidate genes (APLP2, BDNF, HTR1A, NUAK1, PHACTR3, MSMP, SLC6A4, SYN2, and SYNE2) and supports a role for epigenetics in the pathophysiology of suicide. KW - Cortex KW - DNA methylation KW - Suicidal behavior KW - Transcription regulation Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-199032 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X VL - 146 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Steinlein, Claus A1 - Haaf, Thomas A1 - Mijares-Urrutia, Abraham T1 - Nascent ZW Sex Chromosomes in Thecadactylus rapicauda (Reptilia, Squamata, Phyllodactylidae) JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - The chromosomes of the turnip-tailed gecko Thecadactylus rapicauda from the Falcón State in northern Venezuela were examined by means of conventional staining, a variety of banding techniques and in situ hybridization with an 18S + 28S rDNA probe. In female specimens, C-banding analyses detected a cryptic W sex chromosome-associated interstitial heterochromatic segment which is absent in the Z sex chromosome. These ZW sex chromosomes are considered to be in a nascent stage of morphological differentiation and are absent in T. rapicauda collected in Guatemala. The amount, location and fluorochrome affinities of constitutive heterochromatin, the position of the nucleolus organizer region, and the genome sizes of female and male individuals were determined. The previously published cytogenetic data on T. rapicauda are discussed. KW - ZW sex chromosomes KW - Gecko Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-199041 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 143 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bura, Thomas A1 - Beaupré, Serge A1 - Légaré, Marc-André A1 - Ibraikulov, Olzhas A. A1 - Leclerc, Nicolas A1 - Leclerc, Mario T1 - Theoretical calculations for highly selective Direct Heteroarylation Polymerization: new nitrile-substituted Dithienyl-Diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymers JF - Molecules N2 - Direct Heteroarylation Polymerization (DHAP) is becoming a valuable alternative to classical polymerization methods being used to synthesize π-conjugated polymers for organic electronics applications. In previous work, we showed that theoretical calculations on activation energy (Ea) of the C–H bonds were helpful to rationalize and predict the selectivity of the DHAP. For readers’ convenience, we have gathered in this work all our previous theoretical calculations on Ea and performed new ones. Those theoretical calculations cover now most of the widely utilized electron-rich and electron-poor moieties studied in organic electronics like dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole (DT-DPP) derivatives. Theoretical calculations reported herein show strong modulation of the Ea of C–H bond on DT-DPP when a bromine atom or strong electron withdrawing groups (such as fluorine or nitrile) are added to the thienyl moiety. Based on those theoretical calculations, new cyanated dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole (CNDT-DPP) monomers and copolymers were prepared by DHAP and their electro-optical properties were compared with their non-fluorinated and fluorinated analogues. KW - DHAP KW - selectivity KW - theoretical calculations KW - conjugated polymers KW - organic electronics Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-197648 SN - 1420-3049 VL - 23 IS - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Papenfort, Kai A1 - Vogel, Jörg T1 - Small RNA functions in carbon metabolism and virulence of enteric pathogens JF - Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology N2 - Enteric pathogens often cycle between virulent and saprophytic lifestyles. To endure these frequent changes in nutrient availability and composition bacteria possess an arsenal of regulatory and metabolic genes allowing rapid adaptation and high flexibility. While numerous proteins have been characterized with regard to metabolic control in pathogenic bacteria, small non-coding RNAs have emerged as additional regulators of metabolism. Recent advances in sequencing technology have vastly increased the number of candidate regulatory RNAs and several of them have been found to act at the interface of bacterial metabolism and virulence factor expression. Importantly, studying these riboregulators has not only provided insight into their metabolic control functions but also revealed new mechanisms of post-transcriptional gene control. This review will focus on the recent advances in this area of host-microbe interaction and discuss how regulatory small RNAs may help coordinate metabolism and virulence of enteric pathogens. KW - sRNA KW - carbon metabolism KW - Hfq KW - CsrA KW - virulence Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-197520 SN - 2235-2988 VL - 4 IS - 91 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jungwirth, Gerhard A1 - Yu, Tao A1 - Moustafa, Mahmoud A1 - Rapp, Carmen A1 - Warta, Rolf A1 - Jungk, Christine A1 - Sahm, Felix A1 - Dettling, Steffen A1 - Zweckberger, Klaus A1 - Lamszus, Katrin A1 - Senft, Christian A1 - Loehr, Mario A1 - Keßler, Almuth F. A1 - Ketter, Ralf A1 - Westphal, Manfred A1 - Debus, Juergen A1 - von Deimling, Andreas A1 - Simon, Matthias A1 - Unterberg, Andreas A1 - Abdollahi, Amir A1 - Herold-Mende, Christel T1 - Identification of KIF11 as a Novel Target in Meningioma JF - Cancers N2 - Kinesins play an important role in many physiological functions including intracellular vesicle transport and mitosis. The emerging role of kinesins in different cancers led us to investigate the expression and functional role of kinesins in meningioma. Therefore, we re-analyzed our previous microarray dataset of benign, atypical, and anaplastic meningiomas (n = 62) and got evidence for differential expression of five kinesins (KIFC1, KIF4A, KIF11, KIF14 and KIF20A). Further validation in an extended study sample (n = 208) revealed a significant upregulation of these genes in WHO°I to °III meningiomas (WHO°I n = 61, WHO°II n = 88, and WHO°III n = 59), which was most pronounced in clinically more aggressive tumors of the same WHO grade. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed a WHO grade-associated upregulated protein expression in meningioma tissues. Furthermore, high mRNA expression levels of KIFC1, KIF11, KIF14 and KIF20A were associated with shorter progression-free survival. On a functional level, knockdown of kinesins in Ben-Men-1 cells and in the newly established anaplastic meningioma cell line NCH93 resulted in a significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation upon siRNA-mediated downregulation of KIF11 in both cell lines by up to 95% and 71%, respectively. Taken together, in this study we were able to identify the prognostic and functional role of several kinesin family members of which KIF11 exhibits the most promising properties as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target, which may offer new treatment options for aggressive meningiomas. KW - meningioma KW - KIF KW - kinesin KW - KIF11 KW - NCH93 Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-197402 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 11 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lamatsch, D. K. A1 - Trifonov, V. A1 - Schories, S. A1 - Epplen, J. T. A1 - Schmid, M. A1 - Schartl, M. T1 - Isolation of a Cancer-Associated Microchromosome in the Sperm-Dependent Parthenogen Poecilia formosa JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - In the asexual all-female fish species Poecilia formosa, the Amazon molly, supernumerary chromosomes have frequently been found in both laboratory-reared and wild-caught individuals. While wild-caught individuals with B chromosomes are phenotypically indifferent from conspecifics, individuals carrying B chromosomes from recent introgression events in the laboratory show phenotypic changes. Former analyses showed that the expression of a pigment cell locus is associated with the presence of these B chromosomes. In addition, they contain a so far unidentified locus that confers a higher susceptibility to tumor formation in the presence of pigmentation pattern. Isolation by microdissection and hybridization to metaphase chromosomes revealed that they contain one or several sequences with similarity to a highly repetitive pericentromeric and subtelomeric sequence in A chromosomes. Isolation of one particular sequence by AFLP showed that the B chromosomes contain at least 1 copy of an A-chromosomal region which is highly conserved in the whole genus Poecilia, i.e. more than 5 million years old. We propose it to be a single copy sequence. KW - paternal introgression KW - AFLP KW - asexual reproduction KW - B chromosomes KW - gynogenesis KW - microdissection KW - telomeres Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196785 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 135 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dengler, Julius A1 - Maldaner, Nicolai A1 - Gläsker, Sven A1 - Endres, Matthias A1 - Wagner, Martin A1 - Malzahn, Uwe A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Vajkoczy, Peter T1 - Outcome of Surgical or Endovascular Treatment of Giant Intracranial Aneurysms, with Emphasis on Age, Aneurysm Location, and Unruptured Aneuryms - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis JF - Cerebrovascular Diseases N2 - Background: Designing treatment strategies for unruptured giant intracranial aneurysms (GIA) is difficult as evidence of large clinical trials is lacking. We examined the outcome following surgical or endovascular GIA treatment focusing on patient age, GIA location and unruptured GIA. Methods: Medline and Embase were searched for studies reporting on GIA treatment outcome published after January 2000. We calculated the proportion of good outcome (PGO) for all included GIA and for unruptured GIA by meta-analysis using a random effects model. Results: We included 54 studies containing 64 study populations with 1,269 GIA at a median follow-up time (FU-T) of 26.4 months (95% CI 10.8-42.0). PGO was 80.9% (77.4-84.4) in the analysis of all GIA compared to 81.2% (75.3-86.1) in the separate analysis of unruptured GIA. For each year added to patient age, PGO decreased by 0.8%, both for all GIA and unruptured GIA. For all GIA, surgical treatment resulted in a PGO of 80.3% (95% CI 76.0-84.6) compared to 84.2% (78.5-89.8, p = 0.27) after endovascular treatment. In unruptured GIA, PGO was 79.7% (95% CI 71.5-87.8) after surgical treatment and 84.9% (79.1-90.7, p = 0.54) after endovascular treatment. PGO was lower in high quality studies and in studies presenting aggregate instead of individual patient data. In unruptured GIA, the OR for good treatment outcome was 5.2 (95% CI 2.0-13.0) at the internal carotid artery compared to 0.1 (0.1-0.3, p < 0.1) in the posterior circulation. Patient sex, FU-T and prevalence of ruptured GIA were not associated with PGO. Conclusions: We found that the chances of good outcome after surgical or endovascular GIA treatment mainly depend on patient age and aneurysm location rather than on the type of treatment conducted. Our analysis may inform future research on GIA. KW - surgical aneurysm treatment KW - giant intracranial aneurysm KW - endovascular treatment Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196792 SN - 1015-9770 SN - 1421-9786 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 41 IS - 3-4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Eberhard A1 - El Hajj, Nady A1 - Haaf, Thomas T1 - Epigenetic Information from Ancient DNA Provides New Insights into Human Evolution BT - Commentary on Gokhman D et al. (2014): Reconstructing the DNA Methylation Maps of the Neanderthal and the Denisovan. Science 344:523–527 JF - Brain, Behavior and Evolution N2 - No abstract available. KW - human evolution KW - Neanderthal Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196800 SN - 0006-8977 SN - 1421-9743 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 84 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stieb, Sara Mae A1 - Kelber, Christina A1 - Wehner, Rüdiger A1 - Rössler, Wolfgang T1 - Antennal-Lobe Organization in Desert Ants of the Genus Cataglyphis JF - Brain, Behavior and Evolution N2 - Desert ants of the genus Cataglyphis possess remarkable visual navigation capabilities. Although Cataglyphis species lack a trail pheromone system, Cataglyphis fortis employs olfactory cues for detecting nest and food sites. To investigate potential adaptations in primary olfactory centers of the brain of C. fortis, we analyzed olfactory glomeruli (odor processing units) in their antennal lobes and compared them to glomeruli in different Cataglyphis species. Using confocal imaging and 3D reconstruction, we analyzed the number, size and spatial arrangement of olfactory glomeruli in C. fortis, C.albicans, C.bicolor, C.rubra, and C.noda. Workers of all Cataglyphis species have smaller numbers of glomeruli (198–249) compared to those previously found in olfactory-guided ants. Analyses in 2 species of Formica – a genus closely related to Cataglyphis – revealed substantially higher numbers of olfactory glomeruli (c. 370), which is likely to reflect the importance of olfaction in these wood ant species. Comparisons between Cataglyphis species revealed 2 special features in C. fortis. First, with c. 198 C. fortis has the lowest number of glomeruli compared to all other species. Second, a conspicuously enlarged glomerulus is located close to the antennal nerve entrance. Males of C. fortis possess a significantly smaller number of glomeruli (c. 150) compared to female workers and queens. A prominent male-specific macroglomerulus likely to be involved in sex pheromone communication occupies a position different from that of the enlarged glomerulus in females. The behavioral significance of the enlarged glomerulus in female workers remains elusive. The fact that C. fortis inhabits microhabitats (salt pans) that are avoided by all other Cataglyphis species suggests that extreme ecological conditions may not only have resulted in adaptations of visual capabilities, but also in specializations of the olfactory system. KW - olfactory glomeruli KW - plasticity KW - ant KW - antennal lobe KW - glomerulus KW - insects KW - interspecific comparison KW - macroglomerulus KW - olfaction Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196815 SN - 0006-8977 SN - 1421-9743 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 77 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schraven, Sebastian P. A1 - Dalhoff, Ernst A1 - Wildenstein, Daniela A1 - Hagen, Rudolf A1 - Gummer, Anthony W. A1 - Mlynski, Robert T1 - Alternative Fixation of an Active Middle Ear Implant at the Short Incus Process JF - Audiology and Neurotology N2 - Introduction: Since 1996, the preferred approach for positioning the active middle-ear implant Vibrant Soundbridge© is a mastoidectomy and a posterior tympanotomy. With this device, placement of the floating mass transducer (FMT) on the long incus process is the standard method for treatment of mild-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss in the case of normal middle-ear anatomy. The aim of this study was to determine the vibrational effectiveness of FMT placement at the short incus process. Materials and Methods: An extended antrotomy and a posterior tympanotomy were performed in 5 fresh human temporal bones. As a control for normal middle-ear function, the tympanic membrane was stimulated acoustically and the vibration of the stapes footplate and the round-window (RW) membrane were (sequentially) measured by laser Doppler vibrometry. Vibration responses for coupling of an FMT to the long incus process (standard coupling) were compared to those for coupling to the short incus process. Results: Apart from narrow frequency bands near 3 and 9 kHz for the stapes footplate and RW membrane, respectively, the velocity responses presented no significant differences between standard coupling of the FMT and coupling to the short incus process. Conclusion: Coupling the FMT to the short incus process may be a viable alternative in cases where the surgical approach is limited to an extended antrotomy. A reliable technique for attachment to the short incus process has yet to be developed. KW - middle-ear surgery KW - active middle-ear implant KW - floating mass transducer KW - incus KW - Laser Doppler vibrometer Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196823 SN - 1420-3030 SN - 1421-9700 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 19 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - de Zeeuw, Dick A1 - Akizawa, Tadao A1 - Agarwal, Rajiv A1 - Audhya, Paul A1 - Bakris, George L. A1 - Chin, Melanie A1 - Krauth, Melissa A1 - Lambers Heerspink, Hiddo J. A1 - Meyer, Colin J. A1 - McMurray, John J. A1 - Parving, Hans-Henrik A1 - Pergola, Pablo E. A1 - Remuzzi, Giuseppe A1 - Toto, Robert D. A1 - Vaziri, Nosratola D. A1 - Wanner, Christoph A1 - Warnock, David G. A1 - Wittes, Janet A1 - Chertow, Glenn M. T1 - Rationale and Trial Design of Bardoxolone Methyl Evaluation in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: The Occurrence of Renal Events (BEACON) JF - American Journal of Nephrology N2 - Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus constitutes a global epidemic complicated by considerable renal and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, despite the provision of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Bardoxolone methyl, a synthetic triterpenoid that reduces oxidative stress and inflammation through Nrf2 activation and inhibition of NF-κB was previously shown to increase estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with CKD associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. To date, no antioxidant or anti-inflammatory therapy has proved successful at slowing the progression of CKD. Methods: Herein, we describe the design of Bardoxolone Methyl Evaluation in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: the Occurrence of Renal Events (BEACON) trial, a multinational, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 trial designed to determine whether long-term administration of bardoxolone methyl (on a background of standard therapy, including RAAS inhibitors) safely reduces renal and cardiac morbidity and mortality. Results: The primary composite endpoint is time-to-first occurrence of either end-stage renal disease or cardiovascular death. Secondary endpoints include the change in eGFR and time to occurrence of cardiovascular events. Conclusion: BEACON will be the first event-driven trial to evaluate the effect of an oral antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drug in advanced CKD. KW - clinical trial KW - diabetes mellitus KW - glomerular filtration rate KW - trial design KW - bardoxolone methyl KW - Nrf2 KW - end-stage renal disease KW - cardiovascular death KW - chronic kidney disease Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196832 SN - 0250-8095 SN - 1421-9670 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 37 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mayr, Stefan A1 - Kuenzer, Claudia A1 - Gessner, Ursula A1 - Klein, Igor A1 - Rutzinger, Martin T1 - Validation of earth observation time-series: a review for large-area and temporally dense land surface products JF - Remote Sensing N2 - Large-area remote sensing time-series offer unique features for the extensive investigation of our environment. Since various error sources in the acquisition chain of datasets exist, only properly validated results can be of value for research and downstream decision processes. This review presents an overview of validation approaches concerning temporally dense time-series of land surface geo-information products that cover the continental to global scale. Categorization according to utilized validation data revealed that product intercomparisons and comparison to reference data are the conventional validation methods. The reviewed studies are mainly based on optical sensors and orientated towards global coverage, with vegetation-related variables as the focus. Trends indicate an increase in remote sensing-based studies that feature long-term datasets of land surface variables. The hereby corresponding validation efforts show only minor methodological diversification in the past two decades. To sustain comprehensive and standardized validation efforts, the provision of spatiotemporally dense validation data in order to estimate actual differences between measurement and the true state has to be maintained. The promotion of novel approaches can, on the other hand, prove beneficial for various downstream applications, although typically only theoretical uncertainties are provided. KW - accuracy KW - error estimation KW - global KW - intercomparison KW - remote sensing KW - uncertainty Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193202 SN - 2072-4292 VL - 11 IS - 22 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grebinyk, Anna A1 - Prylutska, Svitlana A1 - Buchelnikov, Anatoliy A1 - Tverdokhleb, Nina A1 - Grebinyk, Sergii A1 - Evstigneev, Maxim A1 - Matyshevska, Olga A1 - Cherepanov, Vsevolod A1 - Prylutskyy, Yuriy A1 - Yashchuk, Valeriy A1 - Naumovets, Anton A1 - Ritter, Uwe A1 - Dandekar, Thomas A1 - Frohme, Marcus T1 - C60 fullerene as an effective nanoplatform of alkaloid Berberine delivery into leukemic cells JF - Pharmaceutics N2 - A herbal alkaloid Berberine (Ber), used for centuries in Ayurvedic, Chinese, Middle-Eastern, and native American folk medicines, is nowadays proved to function as a safe anticancer agent. Yet, its poor water solubility, stability, and bioavailability hinder clinical application. In this study, we have explored a nanosized carbon nanoparticle—C60 fullerene (C60)—for optimized Ber delivery into leukemic cells. Water dispersions of noncovalent C60-Ber nanocomplexes in the 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1 molar ratios were prepared. UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) evidenced a complexation of the Ber cation with the negatively charged C60 molecule. The computer simulation showed that π-stacking dominates in Ber and C\(_{60}\) binding in an aqueous solution. Complexation with C\(_{60}\) was found to promote Ber intracellular uptake. By increasing C\(_{60}\) concentration, the C\(_{60}\)-Ber nanocomplexes exhibited higher antiproliferative potential towards CCRF-CEM cells, in accordance with the following order: free Ber < 1:2 < 1:1 < 2:1 (the most toxic). The activation of caspase 3/7 and accumulation in the sub-G1 phase of CCRF-CEM cells treated with C\(_{60}\)-Ber nanocomplexes evidenced apoptosis induction. Thus, this study indicates that the fast and easy noncovalent complexation of alkaloid Ber with C\(_{60}\) improved its in vitro efficiency against cancer cells. KW - C60 fullerene KW - Berberine KW - noncovalent nanocomplex KW - UV–Vis KW - DLS and AFM measurements KW - drug release KW - leukemic cells KW - uptake KW - cytotoxicity KW - apoptosis Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193216 SN - 1999-4923 VL - 11 IS - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Teichmann, Christoph T1 - Corporate Groups within the Legal Framework of the European Union: The Group-Related Aspects of the SUP Proposal and the EU Freedom of Establishment JF - European Company and Financial Law Review N2 - No abstract available. KW - EU KW - corporate groups Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-194513 SN - 1613-2556 SN - 1613-2548 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 202 EP - 229 ER - TY - THES A1 - Rauer, Andreas T1 - Etablierung und Evaluierung einer Extraktionskontrolle für den Nachweis von Aspergillus fumigatus-DNA aus Humanserum T1 - Establishment and evaluation of an extraction control for the detection of Aspergillus fumigatus DNA from human serum N2 - Die invasive Aspergillose spielt in der modernen Medizin und speziell bei malignen Bluterkrankungen, die mit einer Immunsuppression des Patienten einhergehen, eine entscheidende Rolle. Die bisherigen Methoden erlauben eine Diagnose meist erst sehr spät oder liefern oft falsch-negative Ergebnisse. Bis zum heutigen Tag ist es nicht gelungen, ein standardisiertes Verfahren zur PCR-Diagnostik aus Blutproben zu etablieren. In den der Arbeit zugrunde liegenden Versuchsreihen wurden verschiedene Ansätze an Mastermix im Monoplex- und Duplexformat zur Aspergillus fumigatus-Detektion in Humanserum getestet und optimiert. Es wurde versucht, eine Extraktionskontrolle mit Bacillus subtilis in die Probe zu integrieren, um so die Aussagekraft der extrahierten Probe zu evaluieren. Dabei zeigte sich ein Elutionsvolumen von 35 µl am effizientesten. Der Cq-Wert war bei 35 µl Eluationsvolumen ca. einen Zyklus niedriger als bei 65 µl und 1,5-2 Zyklen niedriger als bei 100 µl. Bei den Versuchen im Monoplexformat konnte gezeigt werden, dass bei der Extraktion viel DNA in den Filtern zurückbleibt. Es wurden aus einer Serumextraktion zwei Eluate mit je 35 µl Elutionsvolumen erstellt und getestet. Hier zeigten sich in Abhängigkeit von der Menge der DNA teils hohe Cq-Werte im zweiten Eluat, bei einigen Proben aber sogar ein niedrigerer Cq-Wert im zweiten Eluat. Dies war sowohl für Aspergillus fumigatus als auch für Bacillus subtilis zu beobachten. Die Gründe für dieses Ergebnis könnten die längere Inkubationszeit und die zweite Zentrifugation des zweiten Eluats sein. Die Extraktionseffizienz hatte bei der Aufbereitung mit dem QIAamp Ultrasens Kit (Qiagen) einen Faktor von im Mittel 2,7 bei Aspergillus fumigatus und von 4,7 bei Bacillus subtilis beim GEX-Mastermix. Beim Sso-Mastermix lag der Faktor für Aspergillus fumigatus im Mittel bei 4,4 und der für Bacillus subtilis bei 5,4. Bei den Versuchen im Duplexformat wurden sowohl Aspergillus fumigatus als auch Bacillus subtilis in unterschiedlichen Konzentrationen in dieselbe Probe eingebracht. Hier zeigte sich, dass im Sso-Mastermix die Menge an Bacillus subtilis-DNA und an Aspergillus fumigatus-DNA einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die jeweiligen Cq-Werte und die Sensitivität haben. Zusätzlich zeigte der Sso-Mastermix immer ein positives Ergebnis für Bacillus subtilis zwischen 36-40 Zyklen. Beim GEX-Mastermix hatte die Menge an Bacillus subtilis-DNA ebenfalls einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Cq-Werte und die Sensitivität für Aspergillus fumigatus. Die Cq-Werte für Aspergillus fumigatus erhöhten sich bei 10 Kopien mit 104 Kopien Bacillus subtilis um 6,1 Zyklen und bei 105 Kopien Bacillus subtilis um 10,6 Zyklen im GEX-Mastermix. Ein Einfluss auf die Cq-Werte für Bacillus subtilis konnte bei den Versuchen im Duplexformat mit GEX-Mastermix nicht verzeichnet werden. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass eine Extraktionskontrolle mit Bacillus subtilis im Sso-Mastermix auf Grund der sich gegenseitig beeinflussenden Sonden und Primer sowie der DNA-Mengen an Aspergillus fumigatus und Bacillus subtilis nicht möglich ist, da keine Aussage über den Verlauf und die Effizienz der Extraktion getroffen werden könnte. Bei den Versuchen mit GEX-Mastermix konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Menge an eingegebener Bacillus subtilis-DNA einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Sensitivität für die Cq-Werte von Aspergillus fumigatus in niedriger Konzentration hat. Einen Einfluss auf die Cq-Werte für Bacillus subtilis wurde nicht detektiert. Eine Extraktionskontrolle mittels Bacillus subtilis wäre denkbar, wenn die Menge eingegebener Bacillus subtilis-DNA so reduziert werden könnte, dass stabile Cq-Werte für Bacillus subtilis erreicht würden, die dann aber keinen oder nur einen sehr geringen Einfluss auf die Sensitivität für Aspergillus fumigatus hätten. N2 - In the test series on which the work is based, various approaches to mastermix in monoplex and duplex format for Aspergillus fumigatus detection in human serum were tested and optimized. An attempt was made to integrate an extraction control with Bacillus subtilis into the sample in order to evaluate the meaningfulness of the extracted sample. KW - Aspergillus fumigatus KW - Aspergillose KW - PCR KW - Invasive Aspergillose KW - Humanserum KW - Extraktionskontrolle Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-194565 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - einBlick - Ausgabe 01 - 14. Januar 2020 N2 - Nachrichten aus der Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg KW - Universität KW - Würzburg KW - University KW - Wuerzburg KW - Wurzburg Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-194769 UR - https://www.uni-wuerzburg.de/aktuelles/einblick/ VL - 01/2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brinktrine, Ralf T1 - Konkurrentenstreitverfahren im Beamtenrecht JF - JURA - Juristische Ausbildung N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Konkurrentenstreitverfahren KW - Beamtenrecht KW - Klausur Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-194866 SN - 1612-7021 SN - 0170-1452 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 37 IS - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nord, Ilona T1 - Wolfhard Schweiker, Prinzip Inklusion. Grundlagen einer interdisziplinären Metatheorie in religionspädagogischer Perspektive. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2017. JF - Zeitschrift für Pädagogik und Theologie N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Rezension Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-194874 SN - 2366-7796 SN - 1437-7160 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 69 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Shan A1 - Li, Xin A1 - Link, Roman A1 - Li, Ren A1 - Deng, Liping A1 - Schuldt, Bernhard A1 - Jiang, Xiaomei A1 - Zhao, Rongjun A1 - Zheng, Jingming A1 - Li, Shuang A1 - Yin, Yafang T1 - Influence of cambial age and axial height on the spatial patterns of xylem traits in Catalpa bungei, a ring-porous tree species native to China JF - Forests N2 - Studying how cambial age and axial height affects wood anatomical traits may improve our understanding of xylem hydraulics, heartwood formation and axial growth. Radial strips were collected from six different heights (0–11.3 m) along the main trunk of three Manchurian catalpa (Catalpa bungei) trees, yielding 88 samples. In total, thirteen wood anatomical vessel and fiber traits were observed usinglight microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and linear models were used to analyse the combined effect of axial height, cambial age and their interaction. Vessel diameter differed by about one order of magnitude between early- and latewood, and increased significantly with both cambial age and axial height in latewood, while it was positively affected by cambial age and independent of height in earlywood. Vertical position further had a positive effect on earlywood vessel density, and negative effects on fibre wall thickness, wall thickness to diameter ratio and length. Cambial age had positive effects on the pit membrane diameter and vessel element length, while the annual diameter growth decreased with both cambial age and axial position. In contrast, early- and latewood fiber diameter were unaffected by both cambial age and axial height. We further observed an increasing amount of tyloses from sapwood to heartwood, accompanied by an increase of warty layers and amorphous deposits on cell walls, bordered pit membranes and pit apertures. This study highlights the significant effects of cambial age and vertical position on xylem anatomical traits, and confirms earlier work that cautions to take into account xylem spatial position when interpreting wood anatomical structures, and thus, xylem hydraulic functioning. KW - wood anatomy KW - vertical and radial variation KW - earlywood KW - latewood KW - growth ring width KW - tyloses KW - pit membrane diameter KW - vessel lumen diameter KW - fibre length Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196297 SN - 1999-4907 VL - 10 IS - 8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Camacho, J.P.M. A1 - Schmid, M. A1 - Cabrero, J. T1 - B Chromosomes and Sex in Animals JF - Sexual Development N2 - Supernumerary (B) chromosomes are dispensable elements found in many eukaryote genomes in addition to standard (A) chromosomes. In many respects, B chromosomes resemble sex chromosomes, so that a common ancestry for them has frequently been suggested. For instance, B chromosomes in grasshoppers, and other insects, show a pycnotic cycle of condensation-decondensation during meiosis remarkably similar to that of the X chromosome. In some cases, B chromosome size is even very similar to that of the X chromosome. These resemblances have led to suggest the X as the B ancestor in many cases. In addition, sex chromosome origin from B chromosomes has also been suggested. In this article, we review the existing evidence for both evolutionary pathways, as well as sex differences for B frequency at adult and embryo progeny levels, B chromosome effects or B chromosome transmission. In addition, we review cases found in the literature showing sex-ratio distortion associated with B chromosome presence, the most extreme case being the paternal sex ratio (PSR) chromosomes in some Hymenoptera. We finally analyse the possibility of B chromosome regularisation within the host genome and, as a consequence of it, whether B chromosomes can become regular members of the host genome. KW - A chromosomes KW - B chromosomes KW - sex ratio KW - X chromosome Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196321 SN - 1661-5425 SN - 1661-5433 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 5 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kühn, Heike A1 - Schön, Franz A1 - Edelmann, Karola A1 - Brill, Stefan A1 - Müller, Joachim T1 - The Development of Lateralization Abilities in Children with Bilateral Cochlear Implants JF - ORL N2 - Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of lateralization skills in children who received bilateral cochlear implants (CIs) in sequential operations. Methods: The lateralization skills of 9 children with a mean age of 4.1 years at the first surgery and 5.5 years at the second surgery were assessed at 3 time intervals. Children were assessed with a 3-loudspeaker setup (front, left and right) at 0.9 years (interval I) and 1.6 years (interval II) after the second implantation, and after 5.3 years of bilateral implant use (interval III) with a 9-loudspeaker setup in the frontal horizontal plane between -90° and 90° azimuth. Results: With bilateral implants, a significant decrease in lateralization error was noted between test interval I (45.0°) and II (23.3°), with a subsequent significant decrease at test interval III (4.7°). Unilateral performance with the CI did not improve significantly between the first 2 intervals; however, there was a bias of responses towards the unilateral side by test interval III. Conclusions: The lateralization abilities of children with bilateral CIs develop in a relatively short period of time (1-2 years) after the second implant. Children appear to be able to acquire binaural skills after bilateral cochlear implantation. KW - localization KW - bilateral cochlear implant KW - children KW - MED-EL cochlear implant KW - lateralization Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196375 SN - 0301-1569 SN - 1423-0275 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 75 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kolominsky-Rabas, Peter L. A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Weingärtner, Michael A1 - Liman, Thomas G. A1 - Endres, Matthias A1 - Schwab, Stefan A1 - Buchfelder, Michael A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. T1 - Time Trends in Incidence of Pathological and Etiological Stroke Subtypes during 16 Years: The Erlangen Stroke Project JF - Neuroepidemiology N2 - Background: Population-based data, which continuously monitors time trends in stroke epidemiology are limited. We investigated the incidence of pathological and etiological stroke subtypes over a 16 year time period. Methods: Data were collected within the Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro), a prospective, population-based stroke register in Germany covering a total study population of 105,164 inhabitants (2010). Etiology of ischemic stroke was classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria. Results: Between January 1995 and December 2010, 3,243 patients with first-ever stroke were documented. The median age was 75 and 55% were females. The total stroke incidence decreased over the 16 year study period in men (Incidence Rate Ratio 1995-1996 vs. 2009-2010 (IRR) 0.78; 95% CI 0.58-0.90) but not in women. Among stroke subtypes, a decrease in ischemic stroke incidence (IRR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57-0.93) and of large artery atherosclerotic stroke (IRR 0.27; 95% CI 0.12-0.59) was found in men and an increase of stroke due to small artery occlusion in women (IRR 2.33; 95% CI 1.39-3.90). Conclusions: Variations in time trends of pathological and etiological stroke subtypes were found between men and women that might be linked to gender differences in the development of major vascular risk factors in the study population. KW - stroke KW - epidemiology KW - incidence KW - time trends KW - register Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196503 SN - 0251-5350 SN - 1423-0208 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 44 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Andreas A1 - Gutjahr-Lengsfeld, Lena A1 - Ritz, Eberhard A1 - Scharnagl, Hubert A1 - Gelbrich, Götz A1 - Pilz, Stefan A1 - Macdougall, Iain C. A1 - Wanner, Christoph A1 - Drechsler, Christiane T1 - Longitudinal Assessments of Erythropoietin-Stimulating Agent Responsiveness and the Association with Specific Clinical Outcomes in Dialysis Patients JF - Nephron Clinical Practice N2 - Background: Dose requirements of erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) can vary considerably over time and may be associated with cardiovascular outcomes. We aimed to longitudinally assess ESA responsiveness over time and to investigate its association with specific clinical end points in a time-dependent approach. Methods: The German Diabetes and Dialysis study (4D study) included 1,255 diabetic dialysis patients, of whom 1,161 were receiving ESA treatment. In those patients, the erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) was assessed every 6 months during a median follow-up of 4 years. The association between the ERI and cardiovascular end points was analyzed by time-dependent Cox regression analyses with repeated ERI measures. Results: Patients had a mean age of 66 ± 8.2 years; 53% were male. During follow-up, a total of 495 patients died, of whom 136 died of sudden death and 102 of infectious death. The adjusted and time-dependent risk for sudden death was increased by 19% per 5-unit increase in the ERI (hazard ratio, HR = 1.19, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.07-1.33). Similarly, mortality increased by 25% (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.18-1.32) and infectious death increased by 27% (HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.13-1.42). Further analysis revealed that lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were associated with lower ESA responsiveness (p = 0.046). Conclusions: In diabetic dialysis patients, we observed that time-varying erythropoietin resistance is associated with sudden death, infectious complications and all-cause mortality. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels may contribute to a lower ESA responsiveness. KW - dialysis KW - erythropoietin KW - diabetes KW - epidemiology Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196511 SN - 1660-2110 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 128 IS - 1-2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Poot, Martin A1 - Haaf, Thomas T1 - Mechanisms of Origin, Phenotypic Effects and Diagnostic Implications of Complex Chromosome Rearrangements JF - Molecular Syndromology N2 - Complex chromosome rearrangements (CCRs) are currently defined as structural genome variations that involve more than 2 chromosome breaks and result in exchanges of chromosomal segments. They are thought to be extremely rare, but their detection rate is rising because of improvements in molecular cytogenetic technology. Their population frequency is also underestimated, since many CCRs may not elicit a phenotypic effect. CCRs may be the result of fork stalling and template switching, microhomology-mediated break-induced repair, breakage-fusion-bridge cycles, or chromothripsis. Patients with chromosomal instability syndromes show elevated rates of CCRs due to impaired DNA double-strand break responses during meiosis. Therefore, the putative functions of the proteins encoded by ATM, BLM, WRN, ATR, MRE11, NBS1, and RAD51 in preventing CCRs are discussed. CCRs may exert a pathogenic effect by either (1) gene dosage-dependent mechanisms, e.g. haploinsufficiency, (2) mechanisms based on disruption of the genomic architecture, such that genes, parts of genes or regulatory elements are truncated, fused or relocated and thus their interactions disturbed - these mechanisms will predominantly affect gene expression - or (3) mixed mutation mechanisms in which a CCR on one chromosome is combined with a different type of mutation on the other chromosome. Such inferred mechanisms of pathogenicity need corroboration by mRNA sequencing. Also, future studies with in vitro models, such as inducible pluripotent stem cells from patients with CCRs, and transgenic model organisms should substantiate current inferences regarding putative pathogenic effects of CCRs. The ramifications of the growing body of information on CCRs for clinical and experimental genetics and future treatment modalities are briefly illustrated with 2 cases, one of which suggests KDM4C(JMJD2C) as a novel candidate gene for mental retardation. KW - triplosufficiency KW - complex chromosome rearrangements KW - DNA double-strand break KW - haploinsufficiency KW - mixed mutation mechanisms KW - structural genome variations Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196524 SN - 1661-8769 SN - 1661-8777 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 6 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heinrich, T. A1 - Nanda, I. A1 - Rehn, M. A1 - Zollner, U. A1 - Frieauff, E. A1 - Wirbelauer, J. A1 - Grimm, T. A1 - Schmid, M. T1 - Live-Born Trisomy 22: Patient Report and Review JF - Molecular Syndromology N2 - Trisomy 22 is a common trisomy in spontaneous abortions. In contrast, live-born trisomy 22 is rarely seen due to severe organ malformations associated with this condition. Here, we report on a male infant with complete, non-mosaic trisomy 22 born at 35 + 5 weeks via caesarean section. Peripheral blood lymphocytes and fibroblasts showed an additional chromosome 22 in all metaphases analyzed (47,XY,+22). In addition, array CGH confirmed complete trisomy 22. The patient’s clinical features included dolichocephalus, hypertelorism, flattened nasal bridge, dysplastic ears with preauricular sinuses and tags, medial cleft palate, anal atresia, and coronary hypospadias with scrotum bipartitum. Essential treatment was implemented in close coordination with the parents. The child died 29 days after birth due to respiratory insufficiency and deterioration of renal function. Our patient’s history complements other reports illustrating that children with complete trisomy 22 may survive until birth and beyond. KW - chromosomal abnormality KW - live-born KW - non-mosaic KW - trisomy 22 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196535 SN - 1661-8769 SN - 1661-8777 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 3 IS - 6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Almanzar, Giovanni A1 - Klein, Matthias A1 - Schmalzing, Marc A1 - Hilligardt, Deborah A1 - El Hajj, Nady A1 - Kneitz, Hermann A1 - Wild, Vanessa A1 - Rosenwald, Andreas A1 - Benoit, Sandrine A1 - Hamm, Henning A1 - Tony, Hans-Peter A1 - Haaf, Thomas A1 - Goebeler, Matthias A1 - Prelog, Martina T1 - Disease Manifestation and Inflammatory Activity as Modulators of Th17/Treg Balance and RORC/FoxP3 Methylation in Systemic Sclerosis JF - International Archives of Allergy and Immunology N2 - Background: There is much evidence that T cells are strongly involved in the pathogenesis of localized and systemic forms of scleroderma (SSc). A dysbalance between FoxP3+ regulatory CD4+ T cells (Tregs) and inflammatory T-helper (Th) 17 cells has been suggested. Methods: The study aimed (1) to investigate the phenotypical and functional characteristics of Th17 and Tregs in SSc patients depending on disease manifestation (limited vs. diffuse cutaneous SSc, dcSSc) and activity, and (2) the transcriptional level and methylation status of Th17- and Treg-specific transcription factors. Results: There was a concurrent accumulation of circulating peripheral IL-17-producing CCR6+ Th cells and FoxP3+ Tregs in patients with dcSSc. At the transcriptional level, Th17- and Treg-associated transcription factors were elevated in SSc. A strong association with high circulating Th17 and Tregs was seen with early, active, and severe disease presentation. However, a diminished suppressive function on autologous lymphocytes was found in SSc-derived Tregs. Significant relative hypermethylation was seen at the gene level for RORC1 and RORC2 in SSc, particularly in patients with high inflammatory activity. Conclusions: Besides the high transcriptional activity of T cells, attributed to Treg or Th17 phenotype, in active SSc disease, Tregs may be insufficient to produce high amounts of IL-10 or to control proliferative activity of effector T cells in SSc. Our results suggest a high plasticity of Tregs strongly associated with the Th17 phenotype. Future directions may focus on enhancing Treg functions and stabilization of the Treg phenotype. KW - methylation KW - systemic sclerosis KW - suppression KW - Tregs KW - Th17 Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196577 SN - 1018-2438 SN - 1423-0097 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 171 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Matthies, Cordula A1 - Brill, Stefan A1 - Kaga, Kimitaka A1 - Morita, Akio A1 - Kumakawa, Kozo A1 - Skarzynski, Henryk A1 - Claassen, Andre A1 - Hui, Yau A1 - Chiong, Charlotte A1 - Müller, Joachim A1 - Behr, Robert T1 - Auditory Brainstem Implantation Improves Speech Recognition in Neurofibromatosis Type II Patients JF - ORL N2 - This prospective study aimed to determine speech understanding in neurofibromatosis type II (NF2) patients following implantation of a MED-EL COMBI 40+ auditory brainstem implant (ABI). Patients (n = 32) were enrolled postsurgically. Nonauditory side effects were evaluated at fitting and audiological performance was determined using the Sound Effects Recognition Test (SERT), Monosyllable-Trochee-Polysyllable (MTP) test and open-set sentence tests. Subjective benefits were determined by questionnaire. ABI activation was documented in 27 patients, 2 patients were too ill for testing and 3 patients were without any auditory perception. SERT and MTP outcomes under auditory-only conditions improved significantly between first fitting and 12-month follow-up. Open-set sentence recognition improved from 5% at first fitting to 37% after 12 months. The number of active electrodes had no significant effect on performance. All questionnaire respondents were ‘satisfied' to ‘very satisfied' with their ABI. An ABI is an effective treatment option in NF2 patients with the potential to provide open-set speech recognition and subjective benefits. To our knowledge, the data presented herein is exceptional in terms of the open-set speech perception achieved in NF2 patients. KW - acoustic neuroma KW - auditory brainstem implant KW - nonauditory side effects KW - open-set sentence recognition KW - subjective benefits KW - vestibular schwannoma Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196383 SN - 0301-1569 SN - 1423-0275 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 75 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Joachim A1 - Brill, Stefan A1 - Hagen, Rudolf A1 - Moeltner, Alexander A1 - Brockmeier, Steffi-Johanna A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Helbig, Silke A1 - Maurer, Jan A1 - Zahnert, Thomas A1 - Zierhofer, Clemens A1 - Nopp, Peter A1 - Anderson, Ilona T1 - Clinical Trial Results with the MED-EL Fine Structure Processing Coding Strategy in Experienced Cochlear Implant Users JF - ORL N2 - Objectives: To assess the subjective and objective performance of the new fine structure processing strategy (FSP) compared to the previous generation coding strategies CIS+ and HDCIS. Methods: Forty-six adults with a minimum of 6 months of cochlear implant experience were included. CIS+, HDCIS and FSP were compared in speech perception tests in noise, pitch scaling and questionnaires. The randomized tests were performed acutely (interval 1) and again after 3 months of FSP experience (interval 3). The subjective evaluation included questionnaire 1 at intervals 1 and 3, and questionnaire 2 at interval 2, 1 month after interval 1. Results: Comparison between FSP and CIS+ showed that FSP performed at least as well as CIS+ in all speech perception tests, and outperformed CIS+ in vowel and monosyllabic word discrimination. Comparison between FSP and HDCIS showed that both performed equally well in all speech perception tests. Pitch scaling showed that FSP performed at least as well as HDCIS. With FSP, sound quality was at least as good and often better than with HDCIS. Conclusions: Results indicate that FSP performs better than CIS+ in vowel and monosyllabic word understanding. Subjective evaluation demonstrates strong user preferences for FSP when listening to speech and music. KW - pitch KW - CIS+ KW - OPUS KW - fine structure processing KW - cochlear implant KW - coding strategy KW - speech perception KW - music Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196396 SN - 0301-1569 SN - 1423-0275 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 74 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ono, Mitsuaki A1 - Sonoyama, Wataru A1 - Nema, Kazuki A1 - Hara, Emilio Satoshi A1 - Oida, Yasutaka A1 - Pham, Hai Thanh A1 - Yamamoto, Katushi A1 - Hirota, Kazuo A1 - Sugama, Kazushige A1 - Sebald, Walter A1 - Kuboki, Takuo T1 - Regeneration of calvarial defects with Escherichia coli-derived rhBMP-2 adsorbed in PLGA membrane JF - Cells Tissues Organs N2 - Objective: Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (E-BMP-2) has been shown to be as effective as mammalian cell-derived BMP-2. However, several in vitro and in vivo experiments are still necessary to validate the effectiveness of E-BMP-2 due to the difference in synthesis process, mainly related to protein nonglycosylation. The objective of this study was to investigate whether biodegradable polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) membrane is a suitable carrier for E-BMP-2 delivery for bone regeneration of critical-sized defects in rat calvaria. Materials and Methods: First, the osteoinductive effect of E-BMP-2 was confirmed in vitro in mouse bone marrow stromal cells by analysis of osteocalcin mRNA levels, and calcium deposition was detected by alizarin red staining. Before in vivo experiments, the release profile of E-BMP-2 from PLGA membranes was determined by ELISA. E-BMP-2 (0, 1, 5 and 10 μg/μl) was applied for ectopic and orthotopic bone formation and was analyzed by X-ray, micro-CT and histology. Results: Release-profile testing showed that PLGA membrane could retain 94% of the initially applied E-BMP-2. Ectopic bone formation assay revealed that combination of E-BMP-2/PLGA membrane strongly induced bone formation. Stronger osteoinductivity with complete repair of critical-sized defects was observed only with PLGA membranes adsorbed with 5 and 10 μg/μl of E-BMP-2, whereas no bone formation was observed in the groups that received no membrane or 0-μg/μl dose of E-BMP-2. Conclusion: PLGA membrane was shown to be a suitable carrier for sustained release of E-BMP-2, and the E-BMP-2/PLGA membrane combination was demonstrated to be efficient in bone regeneration in a model of critical-sized defects. KW - Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 KW - Bone regeneration KW - Polylactide-co-glycolide KW - Ectopic bone formation Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196680 SN - 1422-6405 SN - 1422-6421 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 198 IS - 5 SP - 367 EP - 376 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Steinlein, Claus T1 - Chromosome Banding in Amphibia. XXXIV. Intrachromosomal Telomeric DNA Sequences in Anura JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - The mitotic chromosomes of 4 anuran species were examined by various classical banding techniques and by fluorescence in situ hybridization using a (TTAGGG)\(_n\) repeat. Large intrachromosomal telomeric sequences (ITSs) were demonstrated in differing numbers and chromosome locations. A detailed comparison of the present results with numerous published and unpublished data allowed a consistent classification of the various categories of large ITSs present in the genomes of anurans and other vertebrates. The classification takes into consideration the total numbers of large ITSs in the karyotypes, their chromosomal locations and their specific distribution patterns. A new category of large ITSs was recognized to exist in anuran species. It consists of large clusters of ITSs located in euchromatic chromosome segments, which is in clear contrast to the large ITSs in heterochromatic chromosome regions known in vertebrates. The origin of the different categories of large ITSs in heterochromatic and euchromatic chromosome regions, their mode of distribution in the karyotypes and evolutionary fixation in the genomes, as well as their cytological detection are discussed. KW - heterochromatin KW - intrachromosomal telomeric sequences KW - Anura KW - euchromatin KW - evolutionary fixation Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196693 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 148 IS - 2-3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Steinlein, Claus A1 - Lomb, Christian A1 - Sperling, Karl A1 - Neitzel, Heidemarie T1 - 5-Methylcytosine-Rich Heterochromatin in the Indian Muntjac JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - Two 5-methylcytosine (5-MeC)-rich heterochromatic regions were demonstrated in metaphase chromosomes of the Indian muntjac by indirect immunofluorescence using a monoclonal anti-5-MeC antibody. The metaphases were obtained from diploid and triploid cell lines. A major region is located in the ‘neck' of the 3;X fusion chromosome and can be detected after denaturation of the chromosomal DNA with UV-light irradiation for 1 h. It is located exactly at the border of the X chromosome and the translocated autosome 3. A minor region is found in the centromeric region of the free autosome 3 after denaturing the chromosomal DNA for 3 h or longer. The structure and possible function of the major hypermethylated region as barrier against spreading of the X-inactivation process into the autosome 3 is discussed. KW - heterochromatin KW - immunofluorescence KW - Indian muntjac KW - 5-Methylcytosine Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196701 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 147 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Steinlein, Claus A1 - Yano, Cassia F. A1 - Cioffi, Marcelo B. T1 - Hypermethylated Chromosome Regions in Nine Fish Species with Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - Sites and amounts of 5-methylcytosine (5-MeC)-rich chromosome regions were detected in the karyotypes of 9 Brazilian species of Characiformes fishes by indirect immunofluorescence using a monoclonal anti-5-MeC antibody. These species, belonging to the genera Leporinus, Triportheus and Hoplias, are characterized by highly differentiated and heteromorphic ZW and XY sex chromosomes. In all species, the hypermethylated regions are confined to constitutive heterochromatin. The number and chromosome locations of hypermethylated heterochromatic regions in the karyotypes are constant and species-specific. Generally, heterochromatic regions that are darkly stained by the C-banding technique are distinctly hypermethylated, but several of the brightly fluorescing hypermethylated regions merely exhibit moderate or faint C-banding. The ZW and XY sex chromosomes of all 9 analyzed species also show species-specific heterochromatin hypermethylation patterns. The analysis of 5-MeC-rich chromosome regions contributes valuable data for comparative cytogenetics of closely related species and highlights the dynamic process of differentiation operating in the repetitive DNA fraction of sex chromosomes. KW - heterochromatin KW - heteromorphic sex chromosomes KW - hypermethylation KW - immunofluorescence KW - 5-Methylcytosine KW - fish Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196710 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 147 IS - 2-3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Steinlein, Claus T1 - Chromosome Banding in Amphibia. XXXII. The Genus Xenopus (Anura, Pipidae) JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - Mitotic chromosomes of 16 species of the frog genus Xenopus were prepared from kidney and lung cell cultures. In the chromosomes of 7 species, high-resolution replication banding patterns could be induced by treating the cultures with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and deoxythymidine (dT) in succession, and in 6 of these species the BrdU/dT-banded chromosomes could be arranged into karyotypes. In the 3 species of the clade with 2n = 20 and 4n = 40 chromosomes (X. tropicalis, X. epitropicalis, X. new tetraploid 1), as well as in the 3 species with 4n = 36 chromosomes (X. laevis, X. borealis, X. muelleri), the BrdU/dT-banded karyotypes show a high degree of homoeology, though differences were detected between these groups. Translocations, inversions, insertions or sex-specific replication bands were not observed. Minor replication asynchronies found between chromosomes probably involve heterochromatic regions. BrdU/dT replication banding of Xenopus chromosomes provides the landmarks necessary for the exact physical mapping of genes and repetitive sequences. FISH with an X. laevis 5S rDNA probe detected multiple hybridization sites at or near the long-arm telomeric regions in most chromosomes of X. laevis and X. borealis, whereas in X. muelleri, the 5S rDNA sequences are located exclusively at the long-arm telomeres of a single chromosome pair. Staining with the AT base pair-specific fluorochrome quinacrine mustard revealed brightly fluorescing heterochromatic regions in the majority of X. borealis chromosomes which are absent in other Xenopus species. KW - X. laevis-type karyotype KW - X. tropicalis-type karyotype KW - BrdU/dT replication banding KW - chromosome staining KW - FISH KW - polyploidy KW - Xenopus Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196727 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 145 IS - 3-4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Evans, Ben J. A1 - Bogart, James P. T1 - Polyploidy in Amphibia JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - This review summarizes the current status of the known extant genuine polyploid anuran and urodelan species, as well as spontaneously originated and/or experimentally produced amphibian polyploids. The mechanisms by which polyploids can originate, the meiotic pairing configurations, the diploidization processes operating in polyploid genomes, the phenomenon of hybridogenesis, and the relationship between polyploidization and sex chromosome evolution are discussed. The polyploid systems in some important amphibian taxa are described in more detail. KW - allopolyploidy KW - Anura KW - autopolyploidy KW - diploidization KW - hybridogenesis KW - polyploidization KW - sex chromosome evolution KW - Urodela Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196730 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 145 IS - 3-4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Matsuda, Yoichi A1 - Uno, Yoshinobu A1 - Kondo, Mariko A1 - Gilchrist, Michael J. A1 - Zorn, Aaron M. A1 - Rokhsar, Daniel S. A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Taira, Masanori T1 - A New Nomenclature of Xenopus laevis Chromosomes Based on the Phylogenetic Relationship to Silurana/Xenopus tropicalis JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - Xenopus laevis (XLA) is an allotetraploid species which appears to have undergone whole-genome duplication after the interspecific hybridization of 2 diploid species closely related to Silurana/Xenopus tropicalis (XTR). Previous cDNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments have identified 9 sets of homoeologous chromosomes in X. laevis, in which 8 sets correspond to chromosomes 1-8 of X. tropicalis (XTR1-XTR8), and the last set corresponds to a fusion of XTR9 and XTR10. In addition, recent X. laevis genome sequencing and BAC-FISH experiments support this physiological relationship and show no gross chromosome translocation in the X. laevis karyotype. Therefore, for the benefit of both comparative cytogenetics and genome research, we here propose a new chromosome nomenclature for X. laevis based on the phylogenetic relationship and chromosome length, i.e. XLA1L, XLA1S, XLA2L, XLA2S, and so on, in which the numbering of XLA chromosomes corresponds to that in X. tropicalis and the postfixes ‘L' and ‘S' stand for ‘long' and ‘short' chromosomes in the homoeologous pairs, which can be distinguished cytologically by their relative size. The last chromosome set is named XLA9L and XLA9S, in which XLA9 corresponds to both XTR9 and XTR10, and hence, to emphasize the phylogenetic relationship to X. tropicalis, XLA9_10L and XLA9_10S are also used as synonyms. KW - BrdU replication banding pattern KW - homoeologous chromosomes KW - nomenclature KW - Xenopus laevis KW - Xenopus tropicalis Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196748 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 145 IS - 3-4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Steinlein, Claus A1 - Feichtinger, Wolfgang A1 - Haaf, Thomas A1 - Mijares-Urrutia, Abraham A1 - Schargel, Walter E. A1 - Hedges, S. Blair T1 - Cytogenetic Studies on Gonatodes (Reptilia, Squamata, Sphaerodactylidae) JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - Mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of 5 species of the reptile genus Gonatodes are described by means of conventional staining, banding analyses and in situ hybridization using a synthetic telomeric DNA probe. The amount, location and fluorochrome affinities of constitutive heterochromatin, the number and positions of nucleolus organizer regions, and the patterns of telomeric DNA sequences were determined for most of the species. The karyotypes of G. falconensis and G. taniae from northern Venezuela are distinguished by their extraordinarily reduced diploid chromosome number of 2n = 16, which is the lowest value found so far in reptiles. In contrast to most other reptiles, both species have exclusively large biarmed (meta- and submetacentric) chromosomes. Comparison of the karyotypes of G. falconensis and G. taniae with those of other Gonatodes species indicates that the exceptional 2n = 16 karyotype originated by a series of 8 centric fusions. The karyotypes of G. falconensis and G. taniae are further characterized by the presence of considerable amounts of (TTAGGG)n telomeric sequences in the centromeric regions of all chromosomes. These are probably not only relics of the centric fusion events, but a component of the highly repetitive DNA in the constitutive heterochromatin of the chromosomes. The genome sizes of 4 Gonatodes species were determined using flow cytometry. For comparative purposes, all previously published cytogenetic data on Gonatodes and other sphaerodactylids are included and discussed. KW - banding analyses KW - FISH KW - geckos KW - karyotype evolution KW - meiotic chromosomes KW - mitotic chromosomes Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196753 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 144 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Steinlein, Claus A1 - Feichtinger, Wolfgang A1 - Bogart, James P. T1 - Chromosome Banding in Amphibia. XXXI. The Neotropical Anuran Families Centrolenidae and Allophrynidae JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - The mitotic chromosomes of 11 species from the anuran families Centrolenidae and Allophrynidae were analyzed by means of conventional staining, banding techniques, and in situ hybridization. The amount, location, and fluorochrome affinities of constitutive heterochromatin, the number and positions of nucleolus organizer regions, and the patterns of telomeric DNA sequences were determined for most of the species. The karyotypes were found to be highly conserved with a low diploid chromosome number of 2n = 20 and morphologically similar chromosomes. The sister group relationship between the Centrolenidae and Allophrynidae (unranked taxon Allocentroleniae) is clearly corroborated by the cytogenetic data. The existence of heteromorphic XY♂/XX♀ sex chromosomes in an initial stage of morphological differentiation was confirmed in Vitreorana antisthenesi. The genome sizes of 4 centrolenid species were determined using flow cytometry. For completeness and for comparative purposes, all previously published cytogenetic data on centrolenids are included. KW - Allophrynidae KW - Anura KW - chromosome evolution KW - sex chromosomes KW - Centrolenidae Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196763 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 142 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Focken, T. A1 - Steinemann, D. A1 - Skawran, B. A1 - Hofmann, W. A1 - Ahrens, P. A1 - Arnold, N. A1 - Kroll, P. A1 - Kreipe, H. A1 - Schlegelberger, B. A1 - Gadzicki, D. T1 - Human BRCA1-associated breast cancer: No increase in numerical chromosomal instability compared to sporadic tumors JF - Cytogenetic and Genome Research N2 - BRCA1 is a major gatekeeper of genomic stability. Acting in multiple central processes like double-strand break repair, centrosome replication, and checkpoint control, BRCA1 participates in maintaining genomic integrity and protects the cell against genomic instability. Chromosomal instability (CIN) as part of genomic instability is an inherent characteristic of most solid tumors and is also involved in breast cancer development. In this study, we determined the extent of CIN in 32 breast cancer tumors of women with a BRCA1 germline mutation compared to 62 unselected breast cancers. We applied fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with centromere-specific probes for the chromosomes 1, 7, 8, 10, 17, and X and locus-specific probes for 3q27 (BCL6), 5p15.2 (D5S23), 5q31 (EGR1), 10q23.3 (PTEN), and 14q32 (IGH@) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue microarray sections. Our hypothesis of an increased level of CIN in BRCA1-associated breast cancer could not be confirmed by this approach. Surprisingly, we detected no significant difference in the extent of CIN in BRCA1-mutated versus sporadic tumors. The only exception was the CIN value for chromosome 1. Here, the extent of CIN was slightly higher in the group of sporadic tumors. KW - Hereditary breast cancer KW - BRCA1 KW - Chromosomal instability KW - CIN KW - Fluorescence in situ hybridization Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196770 SN - 1424-8581 SN - 1424-859X N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 135 IS - 2 SP - 84 EP - 92 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hohmann, Cynthia A1 - Pinart, Mariona A1 - Tischer, Christina A1 - Gehring, Ulrike A1 - Heinrich, Joachim A1 - Kull, Inger A1 - Melén, Eric A1 - Smit, Henriette A. A1 - Torrent, Maties A1 - Wijga, Alet H. A1 - Wickman, Magnus A1 - Bachert, Claus A1 - Lødrup Carlsen, Karin C. A1 - Carlsen, Kai-Håkon A1 - Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten A1 - Eller, Esben A1 - Esplugues, Ana A1 - Fantini, Maria Pia A1 - Annesi-Maesano, Isabella A1 - Momas, Isabelle A1 - Porta, Daniela A1 - Vassilaki, Maria A1 - Waiblinger, Dagmar A1 - Sunyer, Jordi A1 - Antó, Josep M. A1 - Bousquet, Jean A1 - Keil, Thomas T1 - The Development of the MeDALL Core Questionnaires for a Harmonized Follow-Up Assessment of Eleven European Birth Cohorts on Asthma and Allergies JF - International Archives of Allergy and Immunology N2 - Background: Numerous birth cohorts have been initiated in the world over the past 30 years using heterogeneous methods to assess the incidence, course and risk factors of asthma and allergies. The aim of the present work is to provide the stepwise proceedings of the development and current version of the harmonized MeDALL-Core Questionnaire (MeDALL-CQ) used prospectively in 11 European birth cohorts. Methods: The harmonization of questions was accomplished in 4 steps: (i) collection of variables from 14 birth cohorts, (ii) consensus on questionnaire items, (iii) translation and back-translation of the harmonized English MeDALL-CQ into 8 other languages and (iv) implementation of the harmonized follow-up. Results: Three harmonized MeDALL-CQs (2 for parents of children aged 4-9 and 14-18, 1 for adolescents aged 14-18) were developed and used for a harmonized follow-up assessment of 11 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies with over 13,000 children. Conclusions: The harmonized MeDALL follow-up produced more comparable data across different cohorts and countries in Europe and will offer the possibility to verify results of former cohort analyses. Thus, MeDALL can become the starting point to stringently plan, conduct and support future common asthma and allergy research initiatives in Europe. KW - harmonization KW - MeDALL KW - european birth cohorts KW - asthma KW - allergy KW - questionnaire assessment Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196594 SN - 1018-2438 SN - 1423-0097 VL - 163 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prelog, Martina T1 - Differential Approaches for Vaccination from Childhood to Old Age JF - Gerontology N2 - Primary prevention strategies, such as vaccinations at the age extremes, in neonates and elderly individuals, demonstrate a challenge to health professionals and public health specialists. The aspects of the differentiation and maturation of the adaptive immune system, the functional implications of immunological immaturity or immunosenescence and its impact on vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy will be highlighted in this review. Several approaches have been undertaken to promote Th1 responses in neonates and to enhance immune functions in elderly, such as conjugation to carrier proteins, addition of adjuvants, concomitant vaccination with other vaccines, change in antigen concentrations or dose intervals or use of different administration routes. Also, early protection by maternal vaccination seems to be beneficial in neonates. However, it also appears necessary to think of other end points than antibody concentrations to assess vaccine efficacy in neonates or elderly, as also the cellular immune response may be impaired by the mechanisms of immaturity, underlying health conditions, immunosuppressive treatments or immunosenescence. Thus, lifespan vaccine programs should be implemented to all individuals on a population level not only to improve herd protection and to maintain protective antibody levels and immune memory, but also to cover all age groups, to protect unvaccinated elderly persons and to provide indirect protection for neonates and small infants. KW - immunosenescence KW - aging KW - T cells KW - B cells KW - immunization KW - vaccination KW - thymus KW - influenza KW - neonates KW - antibody Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196602 SN - 0304-324X SN - 1423-0003 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 59 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vaiopoulos, Aristeidis G. A1 - Kanakis, Meletios A. A1 - Kapsimali, Violetta A1 - Vaiopoulos, Georgios A1 - Kaklamanis, Phedon G. A1 - Zouboulis, Christos C. T1 - Juvenile Adamantiades-Behçet disease JF - Dermatology N2 - Adamantiades-Behçet disease (ABD) is a chronic, multisystemic, recurrent, inflammatory vascular disorder of unknown etiology. Patients with symptoms initially appearing at the age of 16 or less are considered as cases of juvenile-onset ABD (JABD). JABD is relatively rare compared to ABD of adults, and only case reports and case studies have been published regarding this subtype of the disease. Epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of JABD are discussed in this review. KW - Aphthae KW - Childhood KW - Epidemiological study KW - Genitoanal region KW - Adamantiades-Behçet disease KW - Behçet’s disease KW - Uveitis Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196616 SN - 1018-8665 SN - 1421-9832 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 232 IS - 2 SP - 129 EP - 136 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, P.A. A1 - Bröcker, E.B. A1 - Klinker, E. A1 - Stoevesandt, J. A1 - Benoit, S. T1 - Adjuvant treatment of recalcitrant Bullous pemphigoid with immunoadsorption JF - Dermatology N2 - Elimination of pathogenic autoantibodies by immunoadsorption (IA) has been described as an effective adjuvant treatment in severe bullous autoimmune diseases, especially in pemphigus. There is much less experience in the treatment of bullous pemphigoid (BP). BP was diagnosed in a 62-year-old Caucasian woman presenting a pruritic rash with multiple tense blisters. Standard treatments with topical and oral corticosteroids, steroid-sparing agents including dapsone, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and intravenous immunoglobulins were ineffective or had to be discontinued due to adverse events. An immediate clinical response could be achieved by two treatment cycles of adjuvant protein A immunoadsorption (PA-IA) in addition to continued treatment with MMF (2 g/day) and prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day). Tolerance was excellent. Clinical improvement remained stable after discontinuation of IA and went along with sustained reduction of circulating autoantibodies. Our data demonstrate that PA-IA might be a safe and effective adjuvant treatment in severe and recalcitrant BP. KW - Bullous pemphigoid KW - Immunoadsorption KW - Immunoapheresis Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196620 SN - 1018-8665 SN - 1421-9832 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 224 IS - 3 SP - 224 EP - 227 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grundmeier, Natalie A1 - Hamm, Henning A1 - Weissbrich, Benedikt A1 - Lang, Sabrina Christine A1 - Bröcker, Eva-Bettina A1 - Kerstan, Andreas T1 - High-risk human papillomavirus infection in Bowen’s disease of the nail unit: report of three cases and review of the literature JF - Dermatology N2 - Background: Bowen’s disease (BD) of the nail unit is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of high-risk HPV infection, gender, age and digital distribution in this condition. Methods: Biopsy specimens of 3 consecutive cases with periungual BD were investigated for the presence of HPV DNA by in situ hybridization and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, 74 cases of ungual BD conducted with HPV genotyping as reported in the literature were reviewed. Results: PCR of biopsy specimens revealed in 2 cases infection with HPV-16 and in 1 case with HPV-73. Additionally, in 1 HPV-16-positive case HPV-31/33 was detected by in situ hybridization. In line, review of the literature demonstrated a clear association of HPV-positive BD with high-risk HPV types. Interestingly, age at diagnosis was significantly lower in women. Whereas in both genders the second to fourth fingers on both hands were commonly diseased, only in men the thumbs were also prominently affected. Conclusions: Infection with high-risk HPV types is common in BD of the nail unit suggesting the aetiological cause. Therefore, patients and partners should be closely followed up for digital and genital HPV-associated lesions. KW - Nail unit KW - Human papillomavirus KW - Bowen’s disease, periungual Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196638 SN - 1018-8665 SN - 1421-9832 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 223 IS - 4 SP - 293 EP - 300 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abdullahi, Sahra A1 - Wessel, Birgit A1 - Huber, Martin A1 - Wendleder, Anna A1 - Roth, Achim A1 - Kuenzer, Claudia T1 - Estimating penetration-related X-band InSAR elevation bias: a study over the Greenland ice sheet JF - Remote Sensing N2 - Accelerating melt on the Greenland ice sheet leads to dramatic changes at a global scale. Especially in the last decades, not only the monitoring, but also the quantification of these changes has gained considerably in importance. In this context, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) systems complement existing data sources by their capability to acquire 3D information at high spatial resolution over large areas independent of weather conditions and illumination. However, penetration of the SAR signals into the snow and ice surface leads to a bias in measured height, which has to be corrected to obtain accurate elevation data. Therefore, this study purposes an easy transferable pixel-based approach for X-band penetration-related elevation bias estimation based on single-pass interferometric coherence and backscatter intensity which was performed at two test sites on the Northern Greenland ice sheet. In particular, the penetration bias was estimated using a multiple linear regression model based on TanDEM-X InSAR data and IceBridge laser-altimeter measurements to correct TanDEM-X Digital Elevation Model (DEM) scenes. Validation efforts yielded good agreement between observations and estimations with a coefficient of determination of R\(^2\) = 68% and an RMSE of 0.68 m. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the benefits of X-band penetration bias estimation within the application context of ice sheet elevation change detection. KW - InSAR height KW - penetration bias KW - cryosphere KW - TanDEM-X KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - DEM Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193902 SN - 2072-4292 VL - 11 IS - 24 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraft, Stephan T1 - Wider den „Hauffen junger Schnautzhahnen“ : Grimmelshausens Versuch, die Erinnerung an den Dreißigjährigen Krieg in der Gegenwart festzuhalten JF - Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur N2 - This paper retraces the specific conception of the ‘present’ as manifested in Satyrischer Pilgram, Grimmelshausen’s first published work. In the face of progressively vanishing consciousness of the past terrors of the Thirty Years’ War, the Pilgram devises a program for bringing the experience of a whole generation to the present, thereby saving it for the future. Instead of delivering a general reflection on the nature of war, it suggests to narrate individually experienced “particularities.” It is crucial that all of these experiences are negative, not meant to prompt imitation, but instead rather to build and keep up a stronghold against attitudes and actions of the past. KW - Grimmelshausen KW - Dreißigjähriger Krieg Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193938 SN - 1865-9128 SN - 0340-4528 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 42 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Altenburger, Roland T1 - Cao, Juan: In der Sackgasse oder auf dem Weg zu einem neuen Paradigma? Die Erforschung des Romans Der Traum der roten Kammer (Rotologie) im 21. Jahrhundert (Lun Wen: Studien zur Geistesgeschichte und Literatur in China; 17). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2013. XII, 256 S. ISBN 978-3-447-06992-2 JF - Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques N2 - No abstract available. KW - Rezension Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193941 SN - 0004-4717 SN - 2235-5871 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 69 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beck, Lukas T1 - Die Reform des Verbraucherschutzrechts JF - JURA - Juristische Ausbildung N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Verbraucherschutzrecht Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193956 SN - 1612-7021 SN - 0170-1452 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 36 IS - 7 SP - 666 EP - 677 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Teichmann, Christoph T1 - Die Auslandsgesellschaft & Co. JF - Zeitschrift für Unternehmens- und Gesellschaftsrecht N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Auslandsgesellschaft Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193984 SN - 1612-7048 SN - 0340-2479 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 43 IS - 2-3 SP - 220 EP - 251 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Osmers, Maria T1 - Zwischen Vergemeinschaftung und Anarchie. Zur Konzeption und Wahrnehmung polisübergreifender Beziehungen in klassischer Zeit JF - Klio N2 - Der Artikel fragt zunächst nach Konzepten, die in klassischer Zeit von Außenpolitik existierten. Überlegungen zu diesem Thema sind in den antiken philosophischen Schriften greifbar, wobei Vorstellungen von der Funktionsweise des Oikos und der Polis auf den griechischen Raum übertragen wurden. Ähnliche Kategorien, um polisübergreifende Beziehungen zu beschreiben, griff die politische Rhetorik auf. Bezogen sich antike Autoren jedoch in allgemeinen Abhandlungen auf die Außenpolitik, wurde der Krieg als bestimmendes Element identifiziert. Das theoretische Konzept von Außenpolitik konnte demnach für die Zeitgenossen in der Praxis wenig Wirkung entfalten. Ursachen hierfür waren sowohl die unsteten Verhältnisse des 4. Jahrhunderts als auch die konkrete Konzeption der Außenpolitik, da die Interaktion im griechischen Raum anders funktionierte als in kleineren sozialen Einheiten. Zudem wurden real existierende Mechanismen zur Befriedung von Hellas nur unzureichend in die Konzeption integriert. N2 - This paper explores Classical Greek concepts of what today is understood as foreign policy. In philosophical treatises, the matter is mainly conceived by transferring the idea of how oikos and polis functioned onto the field of inter-state relations. Similar notions were employed by political rhetoric to describe interaction between poleis. Yet, whenever literature makes reference to foreign policy in more general considerations, warfare is identified as the decisive element. In practice, the theoretical concept of foreign policy therefore could not be brought to any considerable effect. The causes for this lay in the unsteady conditions of the 4th century as well as in the very concept itself, because the interaction in the Greek world in its entirety worked differently from the interaction in smaller social units. Further, the existing modes of pacifying Hellas only played an insuffient part in the concept. KW - griechische Antike KW - klassische Zeit KW - polisübergreifende Beziehungen KW - antike Wahrnehmungsmuster Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193997 SN - 2192-7669 SN - 0075-6334 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 97 IS - 1 SP - 32-58 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Christoph A1 - Gräf, Stephan T1 - Eine halb so schlimme Täuschung JF - JURA - Juristische Ausbildung N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Examensklausur Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195484 SN - 1612-7021 SN - 0170-1452 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 36 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfeilschifter, Rene T1 - Jill Harries, Imperial Rome AD 284 to 363. The New Empire. (The Edinburgh History of Ancient Rome.) Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press 2011 JF - Historische Zeitschrift N2 - Rezension zu Jill Harries, Imperial Rome AD 284 to 363. The New Empire. (The Edinburgh History of Ancient Rome.) Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press 2011 KW - Imperial Rome KW - The New Empire Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195497 SN - 2196-680X SN - 0018-2613 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 303 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kiesler, Reinhard T1 - Anja Overbeck / Wolfgang Schweickard / Harald Völker (edd.), Lexikon, Varietät, Philologie: Romanistische Studien. Günter Holtus zum 65. Geburtstag, Berlin, De Gruyter, 2011, XLIV + 824 p. JF - Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Rezension Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195505 SN - 1865-9063 SN - 0049-8661 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 130 IS - 4 SP - 1165 EP - 1170 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kiesler, Reinhard T1 - Sabine Bastian / Thierry Bulot / Elisabeth Burr (edd.), Sociolinguistique urbaine. Identités et mise en mots (Sprache – Kultur – Gesellschaft, 6), München, Meidenbauer, 2011, 161 p. JF - Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Stadtsoziolingusitik KW - Rezension Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195517 SN - 1865-9063 SN - 0049-8661 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 130 IS - 4 SP - 1083 EP - 1086 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraschl, Dominikus T1 - Franz von Kutschera über ungegenständliche Erfahrungen und ihre (religions-)philosophische Bedeutung JF - Neue Zeitschrift für Systematische Theologie und Religionsphilosophie N2 - Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag diskutiert im Anschluss an Franz von Kutschera die (religions-)philosophische und theologische Bedeutung ungegenständlicher Erfahrungen. Es handelt sich um Erfahrungen, die sich nicht oder nur bedingt als Erfahrungen eines Subjekts von einem Objekt beschreiben lassen. Besonders in den Blick genommen wird die Relevanz ungegenständlicher Erfahrungen sowohl für die Semantik religiöser Rede als auch für die Epistemologie religiöser Überzeugungen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird argumentiert, dass die kognitive Relevanz dieser Erfahrungen davon abhängt, ob sie innerhalb eines weltanschaulichen Paradigmas einen Beitrag zu einem kohärenten und umfassenden Verständnis der uns begegnenden Wirklichkeit leisten. KW - Franz von Kutschera KW - ungegenständliche Erfahrungen Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195533 SN - 0028-3517 SN - 1612-9520 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 56 IS - 4 SP - 422 EP - 440 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reber, Elisabeth T1 - Constructing evidence at Prime Minister's Question Time: An analysis of the grammar, semantics and pragmatics of the verb see JF - Intercultural Pragmatics N2 - Abstract Constructing evidence constitutes a practice to establish the speaker's authority at Prime Minister's Question Time (PMQT), a weekly half-hour session in the British House of Commons. Here the verb see constitutes a resource for both the questioning Leader of the Opposition (LO) and Members of Parliament (MP) as well as for the responding Prime Minister (PM) to claim first-hand perceptual experience. This paper takes an integrated approach, offering a combined analysis of the grammatical formatting, semantics and pragmatics of the verb see in the context of evidential moves at PMQT. It shows how the verb see is functional in referring to the perceptual basis of a claim made and how its grammatical formatting is reflective of the contingencies of the local interactional context. The analysis is grounded in 32 sessions of PMQT (ca. 16 hrs of video-recordings). The results can be summarised as follows: 1) The evidential function of the verb is achieved through its context-specific grammatical formatting and semantics. 2) The reference to the perceptual basis of a claim evoked by see may co-occur with epistemic qualification and evaluative expressions. 3) The formatting of the verb may be indexical of the political relationship between the questioner and the responding PM. KW - parliamentary interaction KW - perception KW - evidentiality KW - epistemic modality KW - see Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195549 SN - 1613-365X SN - 1612-295X N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 357 EP - 387 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kiesler, Reinhard T1 - Pour une typologie des phrases complexes JF - Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie N2 - AbstractUne tradition grammaticale largement répandue distingue trois types de relations entre propositions, donc trois types de phrases complexes: les propositions juxtaposées, les propositions coordonnées et les phrases hypotaxiques. Riegel et al. (2009) ajoutent en outre les phrases avec incise ou incidente comme quatrième type. Les grammaires et traités décrivent les différentes sortes de coordination (copulative, disjonctive, adversative, causale et consécutive) et de subordination (complétive, relative et circonstancielle). Pourtant, jusqu’à présent il n’existe pas, à ce qu’il semble, de description plus détaillée, ni des divers degrés de l’hypotaxe et de la parataxe d’une part, ni des différentes combinaisons de structures hypotaxiques et parataxiques d’autre part. Le but de cet article est donc de proposer une typologie plus complète des phrases complexes sur la base d’un petit corpus de référence. Cette typologie distinguera, d’un côté, divers degrés de phrases parataxiques homogènes et de phrases parataxiques hétérogènes et, de l’autre côté, des phrases hypotaxiques simples et des phrases hypotaxiques multiples. KW - parataxe KW - hypotaxe KW - phrase complexe KW - relations entre propositions Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195562 SN - 1865-9063 SN - 0049-8661 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 129 IS - 3 SP - 608 EP - 628 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tornau, Christian T1 - Tobias Uhle, Augustin und die Dialektik. Eine Untersuchung der Argumentationsstruktur in den Cassiciacum-Dialogen, Studien und Texte zu Antike und Christentum 67, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2012, XIV + 293 S., ISBN 978-3-16-151985-7 JF - Zeitschrift für Antikes Christentum / Journal of Ancient Christianity N2 - Rezension zu Tobias Uhle, Augustin und die Dialektik. Eine Untersuchung der Argumentationsstruktur in den Cassiciacum-Dialogen, Studien und Texte zu Antike und Christentum 67, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2012, XIV + 293 S., ISBN 978-3-16-151985-7 KW - Rezension KW - Augustin KW - Dialektik Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195571 SN - 1612-961X SN - 0949-9571 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 509 EP - 559 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beck, Lukas T1 - Positive Publizität des Handelsregisters gem. § 15 Abs. 3 HGB JF - JURA - Juristische Ausbildung N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Rechtsprechung Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195229 SN - 1612-7021 SN - 0170-1452 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 36 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Aurast, Anna A1 - Gradl, Tobias A1 - Pernes, Stefan A1 - Pielström, Steffen T1 - Big Data und Smart Data in den Geisteswissenschaften JF - Bibliothek Forschung und Praxis N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Textanalyse KW - unstrukturierte Daten KW - Natural Language Processing KW - Text analysis KW - unstructured data KW - natural language processing Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195237 SN - 1865-7648 SN - 0341-4183 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 40 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lange-Athinodorou, Eva T1 - Zur Problematik der Rekontextualisierung spätzeitlicher ägyptischer Bronzestatuetten JF - Orientalistische Literaturzeitung N2 - Rezension zu Weiß, Katja:Ägyptische Tier- und Götterbronzen aus Unterägypten. Untersuchungen zu Typus, Ikonographie und Funktion sowie der Bedeutung innerhalb der Kulturkontakte zu Griechenland. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2012. XXXVI, 1171 S., 2 Teile, 7 Abb., 79 Taf., 145 Tab., 1 Kart. 4° = Ägypten und Altes Testament 81. Hartbd. € 198,00. ISBN 978-3-447-06719-5 KW - Rezension Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195299 SN - 2196-6877 SN - 0030-5383 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 112 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Karremann, Isabel T1 - April London.The Cambridge Introduction to the Eighteenth-Century Novel. Cambridge Introductions to Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012, 260 pp., $ 26.99 pb. JF - Anglia N2 - No abstract available. KW - novel Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195307 SN - 1865-8938 SN - 0340-5222 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 132 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gwosdek, Hedwig T1 - Nicholas Orme. English School Exercises, 1420–1530. Studies and Texts 181. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2013, xi + 441 pp., $ 95.00. JF - Anglia N2 - No abstract available. KW - exercise Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195318 SN - 1865-8938 SN - 0340-5222 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 132 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Himmelsbach, Gerrit T1 - Georg Strack / Julia Knödler (edd.), Rhetorik in Mittelalter und Renaissance. Konzepte – Praxis – Diversität (Münchner Beiträge zur Geschichtswissenschaft, 6), München, Utz, 2011, 487 p. JF - Zeitschrift für Romanische Philologie N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Rezension Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195325 SN - 1865-9063 SN - 0049-8661 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 129 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kiesler, Reinhard T1 - Travaux de Linguistique 59 (2009) (Themenheft: Architecture δια et variabilité en langue, ed. Rika Van Deyck), 163 p. JF - Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Rezension Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195339 SN - 1865-9063 SN - 0049-8661 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 129 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laubenthal, Klaus T1 - Strafvollzug JF - Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Strafvollzug Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195349 SN - 1612-703X SN - 0084-5310 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 127 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dannecker, Christoph T1 - Der nemo tenetur-Grundsatz – prozessuale Fundierung und Geltung für juristische Personen JF - Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - nemo tenetur-Grundsatz Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195368 SN - 1612-703X SN - 0084-5310 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 127 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Rainer F. T1 - „Revanche pour Sedan“ – Frankreich und der Schlieffenplan. Militärische und bündnispolitische Vorbereitung des Ersten Weltkriegs JF - Historische Zeitschrift N2 - In der mehr als einhundertjährigen Debatte über die Gründe und die Verantwortung für den Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges blieb ein wesentlicher Faktor bislang unberücksichtigt: die französische Detailkenntnis des Schlieffenplans. Der Beitrag entwickelt die These, dass dieses Wissen um das seit 1913 alternativlose militärische Vorgehen des Deutschen Reiches sowie die sich hieraus ergebenden Handlungszwänge für Berlin zum Kompassbuch der Außen- und Militärpolitik Frankreichs vor dem Kriegsbeginn wurde. Als Ministerpräsident und als Staatspräsident verfolgte Poincaré eine Kriegsvorbereitungs- und Erpressungspolitik gegenüber Berlin. Sie sollte nicht nur die Sicherheit Frankreichs vor Deutschland verbürgen. Ihr Ziel und ihre Perspektive waren vielmehr die einer Revanche für 1870/71, um, analog zu Bismarcks Vorgehen in der „Hohenzollernkrise“, die Berliner Reichsleitung in eine Situation zu manövrieren, in der sich diese zur Flucht nach vorne in die Kriegsauslösung entschloss. Deshalb wurde die Entente Cordiale mit England zu einem de facto-Militärbündnis ausgebaut; deshalb agierte Poincaré als Geburtshelfer der Unterhandlungen für eine Marinekonvention zwischen London und Petersburg; und deshalb gab er der Pariser Balkanpolitik eine neue Ausrichtung, indem er die seit 1893/94 bestehende Beistandsautomatik gegenüber Rußland grundlegend modifizierte. Jetzt wurden die russischen Expansionsziele auf dem Balkan als handlungsleitendes Motiv der Pariser Politik adoptiert; jetzt wurde Petersburg angespornt, gegen Wien offensiv aufzutreten; jetzt bekamen die russischen Entscheidungsträger, anders als noch in der „bosnischen Annexionskrise“, die Versicherung uneingeschränkten französischen Beistands auf dem Balkan; und jetzt wurde mit Petersburg ein mit Anleihen unterfüttertes Kompensationsgeschäft abgeschlossen, das sich sowohl diplomatisch wie vor allem militärisch gegen Deutschland richtete und die Prämissen des Schlieffenplans zunehmend aushebelte. All diese Vorkehrungen dienten dazu, die Unzulänglichkeiten der eigenen militärstrategischen Aufstellung gemäß „Plan XVII“ auszubalancieren, die offene belgische Flanke abzudichten, die eminenten Bedenken der eigenen Generalität zu zerstreuen und Frankreich in einem Krieg an der Seite Russlands und Englands eine Siegchance zu verschaffen. Vor allem aber erfüllten sie den Zweck, Deutschland herauszufordern und unter enormen Handlungsdruck zu setzen. Die von Poincaré angeheizten Einkreisungsphobien in der deutschen Führungsspitze ebneten somit Berlin den Weg in die hochriskante und nicht beherrschbare Konfrontations- und Risikopolitik der „Julikrise“. Poincarés Kalkül erfüllt den Tatbestand einer indirekten Kriegsentfesselung. KW - Connectivity KW - World War I KW - Kriegspolitik KW - Kriegsvorbereitung KW - Entente Cordiale Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195379 SN - 2196-680X SN - 0018-2613 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 303 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schröder, Lina T1 - Christoph Bernhardt, Im Spiegel des Wassers. Eine transnationale Umweltgeschichte des Oberrheins (1800–2000). (Umwelthistorische Forschungen, Bd. 5.) Köln/Weimar/Wien, Böhlau 2016 JF - Historische Zeitschrift N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Geschichte Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195388 SN - 2196-680X SN - 0018-2613 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 305 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Soder, Lisa T1 - An den Grenzen der Pragmatik JF - Zeitschrift für germanistische Linguistik N2 - Kein Abstract verfügbar. KW - Arbeitsgemeinschaft Linguistische Pragmatik Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195413 SN - 1613-0626 SN - 0301-3294 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 45 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shehata, Dahlia T1 - Eine mannshohe Leier im altbabylonischen Ištar-Ritual aus Mari (FM 3, no. 2) JF - Altorientalische Forschungen N2 - The Old Babylonian Ištar ritual from Mari (FM 3, no. 2) has been the focus of much discussion since its primary edition in 1938 by G. Dossin. This article offers a new analysis of the passage mentioning the balaĝ-deity Ninigizibara, which leads to identifying this balaĝ as a huge upright lyre as tall as a human played by two persons from both sides. Similar musical instruments are known from Anatolia and Egypt. Especially the Egyptian examples, which are attested only for the time of Echnaton, show striking parallels to the musical performance described in the Old Babylonian Ištar ritual. After discussing the possible background of cultural exchange, this article closes with a revaluation and new interpretation of the term balaĝ. KW - Musical instrument KW - lyre KW - Ištar ritual KW - balaĝ-deity KW - Ninigizibara KW - Echnaton KW - İnandık Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195422 SN - 2196-6761 SN - 0232-8461 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 44 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Günther, Friederike Felicitas T1 - Dieter Martin/Thomas Seedorf (Hgg.), Lied und Lyrik um 1900 JF - Arbitrium N2 - Rezension zu Dieter Martin/Thomas Seedorf (Hgg.), Lied und Lyrik um 1900 KW - Rezension Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195431 SN - 0723-2977 SN - 1865-8849 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 32 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Essler, Holger T1 - Phylenzahl und Phylenzyklus in Hermupolis und Oxyrhynchos JF - Archiv für Papyrusforschung und verwandte Gebiete N2 - While the tribal cycles in Oxyrhynchos are fairly well attested from AD 206 until 271, no system has been proposed for other periods or other metropoleis. On the basis of recently published texts a first attempt is made to reconstruct the tribal cycles in Oxyrhynchus and Hermopolis for the later part of the 4th century. KW - Hermopolis KW - Oxyrhynchos KW - tribes KW - liturgy KW - administration Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195465 SN - 1867-1551 SN - 0066-6459 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 62 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlinker, Steffen T1 - Cord Ulrichs, Die Entstehung der fränkischen Reichsritterschaft. Entwicklungslinien von 1370 bis 1590 (Forschungen zur deutschen Rechtsgeschiche 31). Köln/Weimar/Wien, Böhlau 2016. 631 S. JF - Das Mittelalter N2 - Rezension zu Cord Ulrichs, Die Entstehung der fränkischen Reichsritterschaft. Entwicklungslinien von 1370 bis 1590 (Forschungen zur deutschen Rechtsgeschiche 31). Köln/Weimar/Wien, Böhlau 2016. 631 S. KW - Rezension Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195475 SN - 2196-6869 SN - 0949-0345 N1 - Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. VL - 2017 IS - 2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Appel, Alexandra T1 - Multi-Channel-Einzelhandel und Embeddedness - das Beispiel Migros Sanal Market in der Türkei T2 - Online-Handel ist Wandel N2 - No abstract available. KW - Multi-Channel-Einzelhandel KW - Embeddedness KW - Migros Sanal Market KW - Türkei Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-182662 ER -