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No abstract available.
Die Arbeit gliedert sich in 6 Kapitel. Das 1. behandelt die Anwendbarkeit des deutschen Strafrechts im Rahmen der Internetkriminalität, insbesondere bei § 184 StGB. Hier wird besonders eingegangen auf das Territorialitäts- und das Weltrechtsprinzip und die Frage des Erfolges von abstrakten Gefährdungsdelikten aufgegriffen. Im 2. Kapitel wird § 184 näher betrachtet, d.h. der Schutzzweck wird erörtert und eine Normananlyse durchgeführt. Kapitel 3 behandelt die strafrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit der am Kommunikationsprozess beteiligten Personen (User, Provider). Dabei wird auch ein Blick auf das TDG und EGG geworfen. Anschließend geht es in Kap. 4 und die Stafverfolgung im Internet, d.h. um prozessrechtliche Probleme. Schließlich beschäftigt sich Kap. 5 mit der Cybercrimeconvention und Kap. 6 liefert eine Zusammenfassung.
Acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in precision-cut lung slices
(2022)
Aspirin, with its active compound acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), shows antiviral activity against rhino- and influenza viruses at high concentrations. We sought to investigate whether ASA and its metabolite salicylic acid (SA) inhibit SARS-CoV-2 since it might use similar pathways to influenza viruses. The compound-treated cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Viral replication was analysed by RTqPCR. The compounds suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell culture cells and a patient-near replication system using human precision-cut lung slices by two orders of magnitude. While the compounds did not interfere with viral entry, it led to lower viral RNA expression after 24 h, indicating that post-entry pathways were inhibited by the compounds.
Small cell lung cancers (SCLCs) and extrapulmonary small cell cancers (SCCs) are very aggressive tumors arising de novo as primary small cell cancer with characteristic genetic lesions in RB1 and TP53. Based on murine models, neuroendocrine stem cells of the terminal bronchioli have been postulated as the cellular origin of primary SCLC. However, both in lung and many other organs, combined small cell/non-small cell tumors and secondary transitions from non-small cell carcinomas upon cancer therapy to neuroendocrine and small cell tumors occur. We define features of "small cell-ness" based on neuroendocrine markers, characteristic RB1 and TP53 mutations and small cell morphology. Furthermore, here we identify a pathway driving the pathogenesis of secondary SCLC involving inactivating NOTCH mutations, activation of the NOTCH target ASCL1 and canonical WNT-signaling in the context of mutual bi-allelic RB1 and TP53 lesions. Additionaly, we explored ASCL1 dependent RB inactivation by phosphorylation, which is reversible by CDK5 inhibition. We experimentally verify the NOTCH-ASCL1-RB-p53 signaling axis in vitro and validate its activation by genetic alterations in vivo. We analyzed clinical tumor samples including SCLC, SCC and pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas and adenocarcinomas using amplicon-based Next Generation Sequencing, immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. In conclusion, we identified a novel pathway underlying rare secondary SCLC which may drive small cell carcinomas in organs other than lung, as well.
Programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) is an important predictive biomarker. The detection of PD‐L1 can be crucial for patients with advanced cancer where the use of immunotherapy is considered. Here, we demonstrate the use of immuno‐SERS microscopy (iSERS) for localizing PD‐L1 on single cancer SkBr‐3 cells. A central advantage of iSERS is that the disturbing autofluorescence from cells and tissues can be efficiently minimized by red to near‐infrared laser excitation. In this study we employed Au/Au core/satellite nanoparticles as SERS nanotags because of their remarkable signal brightness and colloidal stability upon red laser excitation. False‐color iSERS images of the positive and negative controls clearly reveal the specific localization of PD‐L1 with SERS nanotag‐labeled antibodies.