Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (7)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (7)
Document Type
- Journal article (7)
Language
- English (7)
Keywords
- preterm infants (4)
- bronchopulmonary dysplasia (2)
- sepsis (2)
- sustained inflammation (2)
- BPD (1)
- C5a (1)
- C5aR1 (1)
- Foxp3 (1)
- NK cells (1)
- Tregs (1)
- breastfeeding (1)
- chronic pulmonary insufficiency of prematurity (1)
- hyperoxia (1)
- hypoxia (1)
- immunization (1)
- inattention/hyperactivity (1)
- infection (1)
- innate immunity (1)
- intelligence (1)
- long-term outcome (1)
- macrophages (1)
- microbiome (1)
- near infrared spectroscopy (1)
- neonate (1)
- neurocognitive outcome (1)
- neutrophils (1)
- prematurity (1)
- preterm children (1)
- preterm infant (1)
- probiotic prophylaxis (1)
- regional cerebral oxygenation saturation (1)
- regulatory T cells (1)
- skin-to-skin contact (1)
- strength and difficulties (1)
- trained immunity (1)
Institute
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
(1) Background: We aimed to evaluate the effect of proposed “microbiome-stabilising interventions”, i.e., breastfeeding for ≥3 months and prophylactic use of Lactobacillus acidophilus/ Bifidobacterium infantis probiotics on neurocognitive and behavioral outcomes of very-low-birthweight (VLBW) children aged 5–6 years. (2) Methods: We performed a 5-year-follow-up assessment including a strength and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) and an intelligence quotient (IQ) assessment using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)-III test in preterm children previously enrolled in the German Neonatal Network (GNN). The analysis was restricted to children exposed to antenatal corticosteroids and postnatal antibiotics. (3) Results: 2467 primary school-aged children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In multivariable linear regression models breastfeeding ≥3 months was associated with lower conduct disorders (B (95% confidence intervals (CI)): −0.25 (−0.47 to −0.03)) and inattention/hyperactivity (−0.46 (−0.81 to −0.10)) as measured by SDQ. Probiotic treatment during the neonatal period had no effect on SDQ scores or intelligence. (4) Conclusions: Prolonged breastfeeding of highly vulnerable infants may promote their mental health later in childhood, particularly by reducing risk for inattention/hyperactivity and conduct disorders. Future studies need to disentangle the underlying mechanisms during a critical time frame of development.