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Regulation of B lymphocyte terminal differentiation and death by the transcription factor Blimp-1
(2005)
B lymphocyte induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) and X-box-binding protein-1 (XBP-1) are indispensible transcription factors required for B lymphocyte terminal differentiation into Ig secreting plasma cells. Occurrence of an unfolded protein response (UPR) and XBP-1 splicing, due to elevated Ig levels, are critical events during plasma cell generation. However, the upstream molecule sufficient to trigger these events remain elusive. Because ectopic expression of Blimp-1 in B cells is sufficient to generate plasma cells, it is plausible that Blimp-1 might be the upstream molecule, sufficient for the induction of UPR and XBP-1 splicing. The results from the current study indicate that ectopic expression of Blimp-1 or its N-terminal domain, in B cells, is sufficient to induce XBP-1 splicing, UPR and Ig (immunoglobulin) secretion. Further more Blimp-1 is able to directly repress the antiapoptotic gene A1, by binding to specific DNA elements in A1 promoter. This repression of A1 by Blimp-1 seems to be an important prerequisite for Plasma cell differentiation because ectopic expression of A1 in primary B cells resulted in reduced immunoglobulin secretion.