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No abstract available.
Time-to-Live (TTL) caches decouple the occupancy of objects in cache through object-specific validity timers. Stateof- the art techniques provide exact methods for the calculation of object-specific hit probabilities given entire cache hierarchies with random inter-cache network delays. The system hit probability is a provider-centric metric as it relates to the origin offload, i.e., the decrease in the number of requests that are served by the content origin server. In this paper we consider a user-centric metric, i.e., the response time, which is shown to be structurally different from the system hit probability. Equipped with the state-of-theart exact modeling technique using Markov-arrival processes we derive expressions for the expected object response time and pave a way for its optimization under network delays.
Globale Wertschöpfungsketten stellen nicht nur hochkomplexe Beziehungsgefüge dar, sondern unterliegen auch einem ständigen Wandlungsprozess. Ein zentraler Treiber dieser Wandlungsprozesse ist der technologische Fortschritt. Moderne Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien, insbesondere die Phänomene der Digitalisierung und des Online-Handels, sind derzeit von besonderer Bedeutung für Wertschöpfungsketten, da unterschiedliche Fortschritte in der Digitalisierung nicht nur zu wirtschaftlichen Vor- und Nachteilen von Unternehmen führen können, sondern auch zu Up- bzw. Downgradingprozessen innerhalb der Wertschöpfungsketten.
In der vorliegenden Studie wird der Fokus auf den handels- bzw. konsumentennahen Teil von Wertschöpfungsketten gelegt, um die Folgen der Digitalisierung für Hersteller, Händler und Konsumenten näher zu betrachten. Als konkretes Forschungsbeispiel dient die deutsche Schuhbranche, da sich diese gegenwärtig – von Industrie bis Handel – in einem umfassenden Strukturwandel befindet. Die Analyse zeigt, dass sich die Komplexität von Wertschöpfungsketten im Zuge der Digitalisierung deutlich erhöht (hat). In der Schuhbranche drängen neue Akteure auf den Markt, bestehende Akteure müssen sich anpassen. Direkte Folgen sind nicht nur eine neue Akteurskonstellation, sondern auch ein sich neu bildendes Machtgefüge. Es kommt somit zur Restrukturierung bisheriger Wertschöpfungsketten.
Vor dem Hintergrund einer Theorie der strukturellen oder konstitutiven Reziprozität geht Thomas Loer der Frage nach, wie eine Transgression von positiver zu negativer Reziprozität (und umgekehrt) gestaltet werden kann, welche Möglichkeiten empirisch bezeugt sind, auf Dynamiken negativer Reziprozität zu reagieren, und welche sozialen Folgen diese Reaktionen jeweils nach sich ziehen.
Die steigende Relevanz von Einzelhandelsagglomerationen zählt zu den zentralen raumbezogenen Elementen des Strukturwandels im Einzelhandel. Sowohl geplante Einkaufszentren als auch Standortkooperationen von eigentlich in interformalem Wettbewerb stehenden Betriebsformen prägen immer mehr die Standortstrukturen des Einzelhandels. Die vorliegende Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit dem räumlichen Einkaufsverhalten der Konsumenten im Zusammenhang mit derartigen Erscheinungen. Zunächst werden aus verschiedenen theoretischen Perspektiven (Mikroökonomie, Raumwirtschaftstheorie, verhaltenswissenschaftliche Marketing-Forschung) jene positiven Agglomerationseffekte im Einzelhandel hergeleitet, die auf dem Kundenverhalten basieren; hierbei lassen sich verschiedene Typen von Kopplungs- und Vergleichskäufen als relevante Einkaufsstrategien identifizieren. Die angenommene (positive) Wirkung von Einzelhandelsagglomerationen wird mithilfe eines ökonometrischen Marktgebietsmodells – dem Multiplicative Competitive Interaction (MCI) Model – auf der Grundlage primärempirisch erhobener Marktgebiete überprüft. Die Analyseergebnisse zeigen überwiegend positive Einflüsse des Potenzials für Kopplungs- und Vergleichskäufe auf die Kundenzuflüsse einzelner Anbieter, wenngleich sich diese in ihrer Intensität und Ausgestaltung unterscheiden. Die Untersuchung zeigt die Relevanz von Agglomerationseffekten im Einzelhandel auf, wobei ein quantitatives Modell auf der Basis des häufig verwendeten Huff-Modells formuliert wird, mit dem es möglich ist, diese Effekte zu analysieren. Konkrete Anwendungen hierfür finden sich in der betrieblichen Standortanalyse und der Verträglichkeitsbeurteilung von Einzelhandelsansiedlungen.
This paper analyzes the mental development of the main character Salvador in the Spanish movie Los girasoles ciegos (2008) by José Luis Cuerda, based on the camera perspective and focalization, as well as the three-instance model according to Sigmund Freud. For this purpose, screen captures from the movie are examined to see how Salvador’s loss of control is pictured. This is applied to Freud’s three-instance model to prove the takeover of the Id. Throughout the whole movie, the inner conflict between his Ego and Id, i.e. his life as a deacon versus his life as a soldier, is present. The whole process of the breakdown of his mental state is revealed through the camera perspective and visual focalization.
This article is dedicated to the analysis of the body, which is staged as sick and painful. El último cuerpo de Úrsula by Peruvian author Patricia de Souza is characterized by the connection between body, pain perception and eroticism. Illness and paralysis play a fundamental role in the narrative because they cause the recomposition of the ego, which leads the protagonist, Úrsula Res, to perceive and reflect the fragmentation of her identity and the increasing distance from her body. Through approaches to pain and disability, the expressiveness of the narrativized eroticism of this text, based on an obedient relationship to the body, is revealed.
Die Arten des Schweizer Ranunculus-auricomus-Komplexes sind nur zu einem Teil bekannt. Zur vollständigeren Erfassung des Komplexes wurden Exkursionen in die südwestliche und östliche Schweiz unternommen. Es wurden sieben neue Arten entdeckt, die hier beschrieben und abgebildet sind. Ihre Taxonomie und Gefährdung wird diskutiert. R. chalarocarpus W. Koch ex Dunkel ist bereits bei Koch provisorisch erwähnt, R. clavicornis Dunkel wird nun gültig beschrieben. Beide Arten sind aufgrund ihres Vorkommens in Auwäldern und feuchten Laubwäldern stark gefährdet, R. clavicornis sogar fast ausgestorben. Der neu beschriebene R. thurgoviae kommt im Osten der Schweiz vor (Kanton Thurgau). Die bislang bekannte Verbreitung von R. allobrogorum Dunkel, R. crenulatus Dunkel, R. genevensis Dunkel und R. lineatus ist fast vollständig auf den Kanton Genf beschränkt. Die Arten des Ranunculus auricomus-Komplexes sind ein sensibler Indikator für Veränderungen der Vegetation und Umwelt und sollten diesbezüglich deutlich mehr Gewicht bekommen.
Spielregeln für das Überleben: Dietrich von Bern im "Nibelungenlied" und in der "Nibelungenklage"
(2012)
Anknüpfend an Jan Dirk Müllers Studie ‘Spielregeln für den Untergang’ fragt der Beitrag nach jenen Verhaltensweisen im ‘Nibelungenlied’, mit denen die Katastrophe hätte verhindert werden können. Im Zentrum des Beitrags steht Dietrich von Bern, der wiederholt Handlungsalternativen aufzeigt, die eine andere Entwicklung des Geschehens ermöglicht hätten. Seine Spielregeln für ein Überleben funktionieren nur deshalb nicht, weil der Herr der Amelungen in der nibelungischen Welt keine Mitspieler findet, die sich dauerhaft an seine Regeln halten. Nach der Katastrophe werden seine Maximen jedoch bestätigt und anerkannt, wie die zeitgenössischen Reflexionen im Umfeld des Epos zeigen. In der ʻNibelungenklageʼ wird nicht nur rückblickend das Fehlverhalten einzelner Figuren getadelt, sondern ermöglichen die Anweisungen Dietrichs auch ein Weiterleben und die Gestaltung künftigen Geschehens. Um diese These zu stützen, werden zunächst die für Dietrich relevanten Episoden des ‘Nibelungenlieds’ in chronologischer Folge untersucht und die jeweiligen Handlungsmaximen bestimmt, anschließend die Bedeutung und Bewertung seiner Spielregeln in der ‘Klage’ untersucht. Flankierend werden auch die Werke der historischen Dietrichepik herangezogen.
The encounter with non-human animals has always been a major preoccupation in the (philosophical) quest of understanding the human (condition). Of course, they are not only present in literary texts, but also in other media such as music and art. We consider ourselves aware of their selves, natures and skills as well as their sensory perceptions. Indeed, the ways we interact with non-human animals in everyday life and in the fictional world, how we perceive, think and talk about them as well as how we communicate with them are often related to our own self-perceptions in the social collective and in social-historical discourse. If we take a closer look at literary interspecies relations, we can detect clear shades in language and communication. Based on the approaches of Human-Animal Studies, this article deals with those nuances regarding animal-human encounters in Juan Ramón Jiménez’ Platero y yo (1914/1917) and Thomas Mann's Herr und Hund (1919) in a comparative perspective. In addition to this, a special focus is placed on the effect these elements can have on (inter)acting literary subjects as well as on extra-textual recipients.
Spray‐drying is a scalable process enabling one to assemble freely chosen nanoparticles into supraparticles. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) allows for controlled thin film deposition of a vast variety of materials including exotic ones that can hardly be synthesized by wet chemical methods. The properties of coated supraparticles are defined not only by the nanoparticle material chosen and the nanostructure adjusted during spray‐drying but also by surface functionalities modified by ALD, if ALD is capable of modifying not only the outer surfaces but also surfaces buried inside the porous supraparticle. Simultaneously, surface accessibility in the porous supraparticles must be ensured to make use of all functionalized surfaces. In this work, iron oxide supraparticles are utilized as a model substrate as their magnetic properties enable the use of advanced magnetic characterization methods. Detailed information about the structural evolution upon individual ALD cycles of aluminium oxide, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are thereby revealed and confirmed by gas sorption analyses. This demonstrates a powerful and versatile approach to freely designing the functionality of future materials by combination of spray‐drying and ALD.
Sie sind wahrhaftig vernachlässigt, die Stadtteilzentren, Ladenzeilen, Ausfallstraßen; die Viertelzentren und Dorfkerne – eben all jene Geschäftslagen, die wir in unseren großen Städten irgendwo zwischen den Fußgängerbereichen der Cities und den Fachmarkagglomerationen entlang der Autobahnen finden. Nicht nur den Konsumenten, den Einzelhandelsunternehmen und der Stadtplanung fehlt es manchmal an Aufmerksamkeit für diese Geschäftslagen – nein, auch und vor allem der geographischen Handelsforschung: Man kann schwerlich übersehen, dass die Diskussion um den Konflikt zwischen „Innenstadt“ einerseits und „grüner Wiese“ andererseits, die seit mehr als zwanzig Jahren geführt wird, wenig Raum gelassen hat für eine wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit jenem Einzelhandel, der weder in der „Innenstadt“ noch auf der „grünen Wiese“ betrieben wird. Dieser Band versammelt deshalb zum ersten Mal Studien, die sich ausschließlich und engagiert mit den verschiedenen Typen vernachlässigter Geschäftslagen beschäftigen. Neben reichen empirischen Befunden aus Städten unterschiedlicher Größe (von Bonn bis Wien) findet der Leser in diesem Band theoretische und methodische Konzepte, die zur Erforschung der speziellen Probleme vernachlässigter Geschäftslagen geeignet sind. So entsteht eine wichtige Grundlage für den dringend notwendigen Ausbau dieser Forschungsrichtung und eine nützliche Arbeitshilfe für Stadtplaner und Standortgutachter.
No abstract available.
The increased occurrence of Software-Defined-Networking (SDN) not only improves the dynamics and maintenance of network architectures, but also opens up new use cases and application possibilities. Based on these observations, we propose a new network topology consisting of a star and a ring topology. This hybrid topology will be called wheel topology in this paper. We have considered the static characteristics of the wheel topology and compare them with known other topologies.
After independence, in the sixties, sub-Saharan Africa including Francophone, saw moving to the head of his governments, dictatorial powers. Henri Lopès translated this in his work by a formal violence. We will study in this paper, the violence employed by the Congolese novelist in Le Pleurer-rire (1982): the technique of fragmentary. Our work is structured in three parts: the presentation of formal violence in Le Pleurer-rire, manifestations of postcolonial political system in this novel and the operation of the technique of fragmentary.
The recently published ITU-T Recommendation G1.032 proposes a list of factors that may influence cloud and online gaming Quality of Experience (QoE). This paper provides two practical evaluations of proposed system and context influence factors: First, it investigates through an online survey (n=488) the popularity of platforms, preferred ways of distribution, and motivational aspects including subjective valuations of characteristics offered by today's prevalent gaming platforms. Second, the paper evaluates a large dataset of objective metrics for various gaming platforms: game lists, playthrough lengths, prices, etc., and contrasts these metrics against the gamers' opinions. The combined data-driven approach presented in this paper complements in-person and lab studies usually employed.
Die Autorin verknüpft die Frage nach der Sympathiesteuerung mit dem Aspekt der Tragik, um auf diese Weise eine neue Perspektive auf den alt vertrauten und viel gedeuteten Erzähltext des 9. Jahrhunderts zu werfen. Indem sie zuerst das Verhältnis von Sympathie und Tragik allgemein bestimmt, dann die Steuerungselemente im ‘Hildebrandslied’ untersucht, die eine tragödienspezifische Wirkung hervorrufen, und sich schließlich mit der Rezeptionsgeschichte des ‘Hildebrandslieds’ auseinandersetzt, kann sie grundlegende Schlussfolgerungen zur Sympathielenkung durch tragisches Handeln ableiten.
Eine Liste der 205 Arten und 1561 Unterarten der Gattung Hieracium s. l. , die in Deutschland, aufgeschlüsselt nach Bundesländern vorkommen, wird vorgestellt. Da die meisten infraspezifischen Namen unter Hieracium publiziert wurden und um die Zahl der invaliden Namen unter Pilosella in der Liste zu minimieren, wird auf eine Aufteilung in Hieracium und Pilosella verzichtet. Durch Farbmarkierungen wird gekennzeichnet, welche Unterart ursprünglich aus einem Bundesland beschrieben wurde bzw. ob ein Syntypus aus einem Bundesland stammt.
The article deals with the educational comics of the Mozambican artist Sérgio Zimba, especially in the context of the current pandemic situation caused by Covid-19. First, comics from and comic research on Africa will be presented, especially in their repercussion within the German-language comics landscape. This will be followed by a discussion of the special situation in lusophone Africa, exemplified and illustrated by the works of the Mozambican cartoonist Sérgio Zimba. The article closes with a brief comparison of Zimba’s work with the cartoons of Sérgio Piçarra from Angola, to better classify the artist's work.
The present article examines the narrative modes in which Lebanese author Amin Maalouf investigates his roots in Origines a hybrid work which stands in contrast with his previous essays and fictions as to its (auto)biographical dimension. Resembling what Dominique Viart and Bruno Vercier in their analysis of predominant themes and narrative strategies in contemporary French literature name «récit de filiation», Maalouf’s quest for his familial past explores the concept of intergenerational transmission of memory. However, despite this individual postmemorial approach, Maalouf’s intimate writing is intrinsically linked with the complex history of the Ottoman Empire and therefore with collective narratives of war, diasporic identities, and migration relating to the present time or the recent past.
Nach bisheriger Kenntnis sind aus den Alpen Vorkommen von fünf Taraxacum-Kleinarten der Sektion Borealia in Frankreich, der Schweiz, Österreich, Italien und Slowenien bekannt: Taraxacum gallicum, Taraxacum handelii, T. kraettlii, T. mazzettii und T. melzerianum. Zwischen 2004 und 2014 wurden diese Vorkommen und weitere potentielle Wuchsorte aufgesucht. Durch detaillierte Untersuchung der Vorkommen vor Ort sowie zahlreicher Belege aus mehreren europäischen Herbarien können nun Merkmale ergänzt, präzisiert und einige Fehler, Unklarheiten in den Originalbeschreibungen korrigiert und Lücken ergänzt werden. Zahlreiche Fotos und Zeichnungen sowie ein neugefasster Schlüssel sollen den Zugang zur Sektion Borealia erleichtern. Mit Taraxacum cimae-gallinae vom Hühnerspiel bei Sterzing (Italien, Südtirol) wird eine neue Art der Sektion Borealia beschrieben. Die Wuchsorte der Borealia-Arten in der alpinen Stufe sind überwiegend Schotterböden auf windgefegten Graten und Gipfelverebnungen. Diese sind derzeit sowohl durch den Ski-Tourismus als auch durch die Klimaerwärmung gefährdet.
No abstact available.
This research paper concentrates on the analysis of the aphoristic potential of G. W. Bush’s presidential rhetoric. Aphorisms are the most ancient laconic forms of expressing original and completed thoughts which reveal the peculiarity of their authors’ world perception and worldview. From this perspective, these units can serve as the means of values codification. Repeatability and widespread use of aphorisms in various communications contribute to transmitting the values and ideas between the generations.
Political aphorisms, which are a combination of aphoristic expressions from political communication and discourse, play an important role in this process. The authors of these expressions are not only politicians, but also philosophers, historians, writers, celebrities of different nationalities and generations. Presidential rhetoric is an integral and significant part of political discourse.
The use of aphorisms as the means of codification of national and common human values in President G. W. Bush’s formal addresses and speeches is intentional. It makes them concise and original, influential and convincing. Aphoristic expressions denoting common human values show the ideas and beliefs of their authors, as well as the politician, about life, justice, equality, freedom, faith, family. Aphorisms defining national values become the means of updating concepts of democracy, unity and diversity, freedom and security, success, and opportunity to fulfill one’s potential in American society. The distinctive feature of G.W. Bush’s rhetoric is the frequent use of aphorisms whose authors are the Founding Fathers.
Despite some critical voices, in German linguistics the concept of confix can meanwhile be considered as an established morpheme category. Schmidt (1987) introduced the term into German to describe bound morphemes that are lexical, but not inflectable. Since the 2000s, an increasing number of publications deal with the phenomenon and the term has begun to enter linguistic reference works as well. In French, the situation is completely different due to the structure of the language (poor in compounds and mostly post-determinative). Although the term and the concept have originall y been coined by the French structuralist André Martinet ([1961] \(^3\)1980 ), the denomination itself is barely present in Romance linguistics. French researchers usually take different approaches to discuss the phenomenon (e.g., neoclassical compounds, constructed lexemes). In Italian, the denominations confisso/ confissazione are first used by De Mauro (1999), who adopts both the term and concept directly from Martinet; moreover, they can be found in some contributions on word formation and lexicology (e.g., Adamo/Della Valle 2008). Nevertheless, the Italian termino-logy remains heterogeneous, with some researchers still using the terms prefissoide/suffissoide coined by Migliorini (1963). As I will show by comparing the languages in question, the terminology and the concept of confixes vary greatly between Romance and Germanic languages.
Besides external characteristics and reading a piece of DNA (barcode), the DNA weight per nucleus (genome size) via flow cytometry is a key value to detect species and hybrids and determine ploidy. In addition, the DNA weight appears to be related to various properties, such as the size of the cell and the nucleus, the duration of mitosis and meiosis and the generation time. Sometimes it is even possible to distinguish between groups or sections, which can lead to new classification of the genera. The variation in DNA weight is also useful to analyze biodiversity, genome evolution and relationships between related taxa. Moreover, it is important to know how large a genome is before one determines the base sequence of the DNA of a plant. Flow cytometry is also important for understanding fundamental processes in plants such as growth and development and recognizing chimeras. In the literature, DNA weight measurements are usually limited to one genus and often only locally (Siljak et al. 2010; Bai et al. 2012). In this study, however, it was decided to investigate all vascular plants from one country. This can also contribute to the protection of rare plants. This study is the first flora in the world whose weight of DNA per nucleus and peak patterns has been determined. More than 6400 plants, representing more than 2350 (sub)species (more than 90%) have been collected, thanks to the help of almost 100 volunteers of Floristisch Onderzoek Nederland (Floron). Multiple specimens of many species have therefore been measured, preferably from different populations, in some cases more than fifty. For 1370 species, these values were not previously published. Moreover, a good number of the remaining 45% are new for The Netherlands. In principle, each species has a fixed weight of DNA per nucleus. It has also been found that, especially between the genera, there are strong differences in the number of peaks that determine the DNA weight, from one to five peaks. This indicates that in a plant or organ there are sometimes nuclei with multiples of its standard DNA weight (multiple ploidy levels). It is impossible to show graphs of more than 2350 species. Therefore, we have chosen to show the peak pattern in a new way in a short formula. Within most genera there are clear differences in the DNA weights per nucleus between the species, in some other genera the DNA weight is hardly variable. Based on about twenty genera that were previously measured completely in most cases (‘t Hart et al. 2003: Veldkamp and Zonneveld 2011; Soes et al. 2012; Dirkse et al. 2014, 2015; Verloove et al. 2017; Zonneveld [et al.] 2000−2018), it can be noted that even if all species of a genus have the same number of chromosomes, there can still be a difference of up to three times in the weight of the DNA. Therefore, a twice larger DNA weight does not have to indicate four sets of chromosomes. Finally, this research has also found clues to examine further the current taxonomy of a number of species or genera.
In recent years, cloud gaming has become a popular research topic and has claimed many benefits in the commercial domain over conventional gaming. While, cloud gaming platforms have frequently failed in the past, they have received a new impetus over the last years that brought it to the edge of commercial breakthrough. The fragility of the cloud gaming market may be caused by the high investment costs, offered pricing models or competition from existing "à la carte" platforms. This paper aims at investigating the costs and benefits of both platform types through a twofold approach. We first take on the perspective of the customers, and investigate several cloud gaming platforms and their pricing models in comparison to the costs of other gaming platforms. Then, we explore engagement metrics in order to assess the enjoyment of playing the offered games. Lastly, coming from the perspective of the service providers, we aim to identify challenges in cost-effectively operating a large-scale cloud gaming service while maintaining high QoE values. Our analysis provides initial, yet still comprehensive reasons and models for the prospects of cloud gaming in a highly competitive market.
The paper analyses specific characteristics of language that influence the development of culture and societies. The problem of the connection between language and culture has occupied the minds of many famous scientists: some believe that language is a part of the culture as a whole; others think that language is only a form of cultural expression. Undoubtedly, language constitutes a vital component of the cultural background underlying social development. Language is an essential means of communication and interaction. However, language is at the same time sovereign about culture as a whole and can be separate from culture or compared to culture as an equal element (i.e., that language is neither a form nor a component of culture).
This contribution deals with the phonetic heterogeneity of spoken Spanish in Andalusia in the sector of public auditory media, specifically in the program ¡Anda Levanta! of Canal Fiesta Radio. First, we take into consideration Article 10 of the Statute of the Autonomy of Andalusia, which enhances the protection, promotion, study, and prestige of the Andalusian modalities and its respective variety (cf. Parlamento de Andalucía 2007: 13). Second, we refer to the Libro de Estilo, a mandatory guide for presenters of public audiovisual media in Andalusia since 2014. The results of the qualitative analysis indicate divergences between the presenters and their audience with regard to their use of phonetic characteristics typical of the Andalusian varieties: where the presenters tend to avoid the salient aspects of the varieties, the audience employs a range of phonetic characteristics typical for Andalusian varieties, including some of the characteristics that are considered less prestigious.
Peau d’Âme has often been regarded as an enigmatic and mysterious text which prevented a broad attention and interpretation since its posthumous publication in 1935. But putting the perspective on Pozzi’s Journal, particularly during the years 1920 and 1921, allows us to discover a significant intertextuality between both of them. Catherine Pozzi’s perception of space in her every day writing does not differ from her philosophical work, since for her the concepts of center and periphery do not form a strict dichotomy. It becomes superfluous in a world without limits. The perception and philosophy of Catherine Pozzi tends to go beyond the boundaries of space which allows us, as readers of these two forms of writing, to comprehend her vision of a spatial and temporal eternity.
In recent years, satellite communication has been expanding its field of application in the world of computer networks. This paper aims to provide an overview of how a typical scenario involving 5G Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) for vehicle to everything (V2X) applications is characterized. In particular, a first implementation of a system that integrates them together will be described. Such a framework will later be used to evaluate the performance of applications such as Vehicle Monitoring (VM), Remote Driving (RD), Voice Over IP (VoIP), and others. Different configuration scenarios such as Low Earth Orbit and Geostationary Orbit will be considered.
Future mobile communication networks, such as 5G and beyond, can benefit from Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) when deployed on cloud infrastructures to achieve elasticity and scalability. However, new challenges arise as to managing states of Network Functions (NFs). Especially control plane VNFs, which are mainly found in cellular core networks like the 5G Core (5GC), received little attention since the shift towards virtualizing NFs. Most existing solutions for these core networks are often complex, intrusive, and are seldom compliant with the standard. With the emergence of 5G campus networks, UEs will be mainly machine-type devices. These devices communicate more deterministically, bringing new opportunities for elaborated state management. This work presents an emulation environment to perform rigorous measurements on state access patterns. The emulation comes with a fully parameterized Markov model for the UE to examine a wide variety of different devices. These measurements can then be used as a solid base for designing an efficient, simple, and standard conform state management solution that brings us further towards stateless core networks.
In Enrique Gaspar y Rimbau’s 1887 science fiction novel El anacronópete, comedy presents itself in a variety of guises. One of the central comic elements of the book is the playful way in which the lower class characters, namely the maid Juana and the soldier Pendencia, engage with language. This article will compare Gaspar’s El anacronópete with two of its official translations, Leyla Rouhi’s The Anacronópete and Yolanda Molina-Gavilán and Andrea Bell’s The Time Ship: A Chrononautical Journey, in order to ascertain to what extent the Spanish author’s comic touch is preserved in the English translations of Juana’s and Pendencia’s speech. The maid’s and the soldier’s use of double meaning, the mondegreen, and code-switching will be the specific focus of our analysis. We will see that, as Salman Rushdie claims, although «[i]t is normally supposed that something always gets lost in translation […] something can also be gained» (1991: 17).
No abstract available.
Unaufhörliches Suchen – Gaddas Roman Quer pasticciaccio brutto de via Merulana als carmen perpetuum
(2016)
Gadda’s novel Quer Pasticciaccio brutto de Via Merulana tells the tale of two crimes committed in Rome in the 1920s. The search for the perpetrators turns into a pasticciaccio brutto (an awful mess), challenging the reader with its linguistic complexity and a myriad of references to history and culture; the large number of allusions to antiquity is particularly striking. References to Virgil’s Aeneid and to Rome’s mythical past do not constitute a mere transfer, but document a creative approach of transformational nature. Deformation and inversion are part of this process, changing the μορφή not only in formal terms, but also within the plot itself. These transformations of both form and content are read as Metamorphoses and analysed in comparison to Ovid’s homonymous work. The perpetual, never-ending quest for truth in Gadda’s novel necessitates a perpetual, never-ending narrative, which is conceptually related to Ovid’s carmen perpetuum.
This paper presents a prototypical implementation of the In-band Network Telemetry (INT) specification in P4 and demonstrates a use case, where a Tofino Switch is used to measure device and network performance in a lab setting. This work is based on research activities in the area of P4 data plane programming conducted at the network lab of HTW Berlin.
Multilingualism is part of our everyday lives and has recently entered the medium of film. Based on the linguistic diversity of Spanish-speaking countries, the present paper explores multilingualism as a key competence of foreign language learning. Since film provides students with audiovisual access to multilingual situations, a selection of educational videos that form parts of German textbooks will be critically explored concerning the presentation of multilingual phenomena. The results will be discussed in order to contribute to the systematic acquisition of multilingual skills in the sense of language and cultural awareness during classroom learning.
Investigations focusing on the social criticism in La Regenta (1884-1885) by Leopoldo Alas «Clarín» have constantly referred to the unmasking of society’s hypocrisy and provincialism through the implementation of satire and irony in the novel. This observation, though, has to be defined more clearly. Vetustan society, specifically the bourgeoisie, is characterized primarily by the incessant exhibition of supposed wisdom and intelligentsia in public to generate social prestige and power. By analyzing the narrative strategies which are related to the composition of the secondary characters, the role of two specific public venues (Casino and Theatre of Vetusta) and the (de)construction of P. Ronzal, P. Guimarán and S. Bermúdez in the novel, this article illustrates how false wisdom and pseudo-intelligentsia become central motifs regarding social criticism in La Regenta.
Für die Steinartefakte der ältesten Linearbandkeramik (LBK) liegen bisher kaum mikrofossile oder chemische Analysen zur Herkunftsbestimmung der Rohmaterialien vor, was das Bild der Rohmaterialversorgung auf einem sehr allgemeinen Niveau hält. Es werden die Rohmaterialanalysen des Inventars Langenbach-Niederhummel, Lkr. Freising, Obb., vorgestellt und mit dem bisherigen Forschungsstand diskutiert. Es zeigt sich die intensive Anbindung an das Revier des Ortenburger Raumes, was die Bedeutung der Isar als Verbindungsweg unterstreicht. Aufgrund der technologischen Analyse des Inventars ist von einer Produktion innerhalb der Siedlung auszugehen, was auf eine Selbstversorgung der Siedlung schließen lässt. Dies betont, dass sich die Siedlung in einer eher isolierten Position befand und es noch kein etabliertes Weitergabenetzwerk für Austauschprozesse gab. Mehrere Rohmaterialtypen weisen über das Verbreitungsgebiet der ältesten Linearbandkeramik hinaus. Vor allem die angezeigten transalpinen Verbindungen lassen sich durch weitere Beispiele in einen räumlichen und zeitlichen Kontext setzen. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen eine Kontinuität dieser Routen seit dem Mesolithikum, die sich nach der Linearbandkeramik auch in späteren neolithischen Phasen abzeichnen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Ergebnisse stellt sich die Frage nach dem Mobilitätsfaktor, der ursächlich für solche Rohmaterialbezüge ist.
No abstract available.
Justus Heck untersucht vergleichend Formen der Konfliktvermittlung in segmentären Gesellschaften einerseits und funktional differenzierten Gesellschaften andererseits. Während in gering differenzierten sozialen Systemen diese selbst als implizite Dritte fungieren, unabhängig davon, ob konkrete Personen schlichtend intervenieren, und die Vermittlung ritualhafte Züge trägt, ermöglichen funktional differenzierte Gesellschaften verfahrensförmige, formalisierte und professionalisierte Vermittlungen.
No abstract available.
Tactile Internet aims at allowing perceived real-time interactions between humans and machines. This requires satisfying a stringent latency requirement of haptic data streams whose data rates vary drastically as the results of perceptual codecs. This introduces a complex problem for the underlying network infrastructure to fulfill the pre-defined level of Quality of Service (QoS). However, novel networking hardware with data plane programming capability allows processing packets differently and opens up a new opportunity. For example, a dynamic and network-aware resource management strategy can help satisfy the QoS requirements of different priority flows without wasting precious bandwidth. This paper introduces virtual queues for service differentiation between different types of traffic streams, leveraging protocol independent switch architecture (PISA). We propose coordinating the management of all the queues and dynamically adapting their sizes to minimize packet loss and delay due to network congestion and ensure QoS compliance.