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Despite the increasing incidence and prevalence of Crohn’s Disease (CD), no curative options exist and treatment remains complex. While therapy has mainly focused on medical approaches in the past, growing evidence reveals that in cases of limited inflammation, surgery can suffice as an alternative primary treatment. We retrospectively assessed the disease course and outcomes of 103 patients with terminal Ileitis who underwent primary surgery (n = 29) or received primary medical treatment followed by surgery (n = 74). Primary endpoint was the need for immunosuppressive medication after surgical treatment (ileocecal resection, ICR) during a two-years follow-up. Rates for laparoscopic ICR were enhanced in case of early surgery, but no differences were seen for postoperative complications. In case of immunosuppressive medication, patients with ICR at an early state of disease needed significantly less anti-inflammatory medication during the two-year postoperative follow-up compared to patients who were primarily treated medically. Furthermore, in a subgroup analysis for patients with localized ileocecal disease manifestation, early surgery consistently resulted in a decreased amount of medical therapy postoperatively. In conclusion primary ICR is safe and effective in patients with limited CD, and the need for immunosuppressive medication during the postoperative follow-up is low compared to patients receiving surgery at a later stage of disease.
Der Nutzen einer additiven Therapie im Rahmen der Resektion metachroner kolorektaler Lebermetastasen (CRLM) ist nicht eindeutig belegt und wird kontrovers diskutiert, wobei die Evidenz insgesamt gering ist und verschiedene internationale Fachgesellschaften unterschiedliche Empfehlungen abgeben. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es daher, mögliche krankheits- und tumorspezifische Merkmale für das postoperative progressionsfreie Überleben (DFS) sowie das postoperative Gesamtüberleben (OS) zu identifizieren, wobei wir einen Schwerpunkt auf den Einfluss einer perioperativen Chemotherapie (CTx) legten.
Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Datenanalyse werteten wir dazu 101 Patienten mit metachronen CRLM aus, welche sich in den Jahren von 2003 bis 2016 am Universitätsklinikum Würzburg in der Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Transplantations-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie einer Leberresektion und/oder am Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie einer Radiofrequenzablation unterzogen.
92 Patienten konnten schließlich in die Auswertung einbezogen werden. Das postoperative 5-Jahresüberleben betrug 37%. Patienten, welche sich einer adjuvanten CTx unterzogen, wiesen ein statistisch signifikant verlängertes OS auf im Vergleich zu Patienten ohne adjuvante Therapie. Ein Vorteil ergab sich dabei speziell für eine postoperative CTx mit CAPOX (Capecitabine plus Oxaliplatin) unabhängig einer neoadjuvanten Vorbehandlung. Weitere signifikant veränderte relevante Parameter für das postoperative Outcome waren in unserem Kollektiv darüber hinaus zudem der Zeitraum zwischen Primariusoperation und Leberresektion, die Anzahl kolorektaler Lebermetastasen sowie das Auftreten eines hepatischen Rezidivs und dessen Zeitpunkt.
Letztlich führte somit in unserer Studie eine adjuvante CTx für Patienten mit metachronen CRLM zu einem signifikant verlängerten OS. Größere sowie prospektive Studien mit einheitlichen adjuvanten Therapieregimen sind notwendig, um das Potential perioperativer Chemotherapien für jenes spezielles Patientenkollektiv detaillierter zu eruieren und um weitere Fortschritte in der Therapie von CRLM zu erzielen.
Crohn's disease (CD) represents a heterogeneous and complex disease with no curative therapeutic option available to date. Current therapy is mainly antibody-based focusing on the immune system while other treatment alternatives such as surgery are considered to be “last options”. However, medical therapy for CD results in mild to severe side effects in a relevant amount of patients and some patients do not respond to the medication. Following that, quality of life is often significantly reduced in this patient cohort, thus, therapeutic alternatives are urgently needed. Updated evidence has revealed that surgery such as ileocecal resection (ICR) might be a potential therapeutic option in case of localized terminal ileitis since resection at early time points improves quality of life and significantly reduces the postoperative need for immunosuppressive medication with low rates of morbidity. In addition, new surgical approaches such as Kono-S anastomosis or inclusion of the mesentery result in significantly reduced rates of disease recurrence and reoperation. Based on the new evidence, the goal of this review is to provide an update on the role of surgery as a reasonable alternative to medical therapy in the interdisciplinary treatment of patients with CD.