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  • 39 Bräuche, Etikette, Folklore

390 Bräuche, Etikette, Folklore

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  • Institut für deutsche Philologie (11)
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Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen

  • DFG Forschungsgruppe 2757 / Lokale Selbstregelungen im Kontext schwacher Staatlichkeit in Antike und Moderne (LoSAM) (1)
  • Universität Leipzig (1)

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Forschung über Bürgerwehren in Burkina Faso: Herausforderungen und Strategien des Feldzugangs (2021)
Tiegna, Janneke ; Zanté, Nestor
Dieses Working Paper veranschaulicht, wie sich die beiden Forscher*innen Janneke Tiegna und Nestor Zanté des Teilprojekts F „Lokale Selbstregelungen für die Herstellung von Sicherheit: Bürgerwehren in Burkina Faso“, während ihres bisherigen Forschungsaufenthalts von September 2019 bis Februar 2020 Zugang in ihre Forschungsgemeinden im Westen und Süden Burkina Fasos verschafft haben. Zanté forschte zu der Selbstverteidigungsgruppe Koglwéogo und Tiegna zu den Dozo-Jäger*innen. Dieses Working Paper erklärt zunächst die Zielgruppe und die Forschungsgebiete und geht dabei kurz auf das Forschungsinteresse ein. Es folgen Erläuterungen zur Vorbereitung auf den Feldaufenthalt. Ausführlich werden die Herausforderungen der Forschung über diese sensible Thematik erläutert sowie Abwehrreaktionen und Widerstände im Feld dargestellt. Anschließend erklären Tiegna und Zanté, mit wel-chen Strategien sie diesen Herausforderungen begegnet sind.
The mosquito midgut-specific stages of the malaria parasite as targets for transmission blocking interventions (2013)
Ngwa, Che Julius
Malaria is a vector-borne disease caused by the protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium and it is transmitted from human to human by female Anopheles mosquitoes during a blood meal. For malaria transmission to occur, the malaria parasite must undergo a crucial developmental sexual phase inside the mosquito midgut. In this study, we sought to investigate the interplay of the malaria parasite in the mosquito midgut with regard to the identification of novel types of transmission blocking intervention strategies. These strategies are aimed at reducing the spread of malaria by blocking the development of the mosquito midgut-specific stages of Plasmodium. We focused on three aspects. The first aspect was to investigate the interplay between mosquito midgut bacteria and malaria parasites in order to determine the potential influence of malaria parasites on the composition of the mosquito gut microbiota and also determine midgut bacteria which could be exploited as vehicles for the generation of paratransgenic Anopheles mosquitoes. We analyzed the microbial diversity of gut bacteria of the Asian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi during development and under different feeding regimes, including feeds on malaria parasite-infected blood, using the human pathogenic P. falciparum as well as the rodent malaria model P. berghei. 16S rRNA and DGGE analyses demonstrated a reduction in the microbial diversity during mosquito development from egg to adult and identified the gram-negative bacterium Elizabethkingia meningoseptica as the dominant species in the midgut of laboratory-reared male and female mosquitoes. E. meningoseptica is transmitted between generations and its predominance in the mosquito midgut was not altered by diet, when the gut microbiota was compared between sugar-fed and blood-fed female mosquitoes. Furthermore, feeds on blood infected with malaria parasites did not impact the presence of E. men-ingoseptica in the gut. Interestingly, extracts from E. meningoseptica exhibited antibacterial, antifungal and antiplasmodial activities, which may account for its dominance in the midgut of the malaria vector. Isolates of E. meningoseptica were cultivable, making the bacterium a potential candidate vehicle for the generation of paratransgenic Anopheles mosquitoes. The second aspect of this thesis was to determine transcriptome changes that occur during the first half hour following transmission of P. falciparum to the mosquito vector in order to better understand gene regulation mechanisms important for the change of hosts and determine novel proteins which could be exploited in malaria transmission blocking interventions. We initially used suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) to compare mRNA levels of P. falciparum gametocytes before and 30 min fol-lowing activation. We identified a total of 126 genes for which transcript expression changed during gametogenesis. Among these, 17.5% had putative functions in signaling, 14.3% were assigned to cell cycle and gene expression, 8.7% were linked to the cytoskeleton or motor complex, 7.9% were involved in proteostasis and 6.4% in metabolism, 12.7% were genes encoding for cell surface associated proteins, 11.9% were assigned to other functions, and 20.6% represented genes of unknown function. For 40% of the identified genes there has as yet not been any protein evidence. We further selected a subset of 34 genes from all the above ontology groups and analyzed the transcript changes during gametogenesis in detail by quantitative realtime RT-PCR. Of these, 29 genes were expressed in gametocytes, and for 20 genes transcript expres-sion in gametocytes was increased compared to asexual blood stage parasites. Transcript levels of eight genes were particularly high in activated gametocytes, pointing at functions downstream of gametocyte transmission to the mosquito which could be exploited in malaria transmission blocking strategies. The last aspect of this thesis was to determine the transmission blocking effect of a range of antimicrobial molecules as transmission blocking agents. The molecules were either isolated from insect hemolymph or recombinantly expressed in tobacco and designed to act either directly on the mosquito midgut stages or cover receptors on mosquito tissues like the midgut epithelium which the parasite would need for transit. We were able to show an antiplasmodial and transmission blocking effect of the anti-microbial molecule harmonine, a defense compound isolated from the hemolymph of the Asian ladybug Harmonia axyridis. Harmonine thus represents a potential lead structure for the development of novel antimalarials.
Die Landesstelle für Volkskunde Freiburg 1960-1990 (1990)
Oeschger, Bernhard ; Fackler, Guido ; Hamer, Jens ; Burkhard, Antje
No abstract available
D'Webi stirbt - Zur gegenwärtigen Krise in der Textilindustrie im Wiesental, am Hoch- und Oberrhein (1986)
Fackler, Guido
No abstract available
Not macht erfinderisch: Der Spinnaufsatz (1993)
Fackler, Guido
No abstract available
Zwischen Schule und Fabrik - Textile Frauenarbeit in Baden : Eine volkskundliche Sonderausstellung in Baden (1993)
Heck, Brigitte ; Fackler, Guido
No abstract available
Zwischen (musikalischem) Widerstand und Propaganda - Jazz im "Dritten Reich" (1994)
Fackler, Guido
No abstract available
Musik in Konzentrations- und Vernichtungslagern (1991)
Fackler, Guido
No abstract available
"Entartete" Musik im KZ (1994)
Fackler, Guido
No abstract available
Ein Geschenk trostlosester Unkultur an das erste Kulturvolk der Erde : Zum Umgang mit fremdartiger Jazzmusik im Freiburg der Weimarer Republik (1994)
Fackler, Guido
No abstract available
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