A Review of the Multipronged Attack of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 on the Host Transcriptional Machinery
Please always quote using this URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-246165
- During lytic infection, herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 induces a rapid shutoff of host RNA synthesis while redirecting transcriptional machinery to viral genes. In addition to being a major human pathogen, there is burgeoning clinical interest in HSV as a vector in gene delivery and oncolytic therapies, necessitating research into transcriptional control. This review summarizes the array of impacts that HSV has on RNA Polymerase (Pol) II, which transcribes all mRNA in infected cells. We discuss alterations in Pol II holoenzymes,During lytic infection, herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 induces a rapid shutoff of host RNA synthesis while redirecting transcriptional machinery to viral genes. In addition to being a major human pathogen, there is burgeoning clinical interest in HSV as a vector in gene delivery and oncolytic therapies, necessitating research into transcriptional control. This review summarizes the array of impacts that HSV has on RNA Polymerase (Pol) II, which transcribes all mRNA in infected cells. We discuss alterations in Pol II holoenzymes, post-translational modifications, and how viral proteins regulate specific activities such as promoter-proximal pausing, splicing, histone repositioning, and termination with respect to host genes. Recent technological innovations that have reshaped our understanding of previous observations are summarized in detail, along with specific research directions and technical considerations for future studies.…
Author: | Thomas Hennig, Lara DjakovicORCiD, Lars DölkenORCiD, Adam W. WhisnantORCiD |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-246165 |
Document Type: | Journal article |
Faculties: | Medizinische Fakultät / Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie |
Language: | English |
Parent Title (English): | Viruses |
ISSN: | 1999-4915 |
Year of Completion: | 2021 |
Volume: | 13 |
Issue: | 9 |
Article Number: | 1836 |
Source: | Viruses 2021, 13(9), 1836; https://doi.org/10.3390/v13091836 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3390/v13091836 |
Dewey Decimal Classification: | 6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit |
Tag: | C-terminal domain; RNA polymerase II; herpes simplex virus; host shutoff; polyadenylation; promoter-proximal pausing; splicing; transcription |
Release Date: | 2022/01/17 |
Date of first Publication: | 2021/09/14 |
EU-Project number / Contract (GA) number: | ERC-2016-CoG 721016-HERPES |
OpenAIRE: | OpenAIRE |
Open-Access-Publikationsfonds / Förderzeitraum 2021 | |
Licence (German): | CC BY: Creative-Commons-Lizenz: Namensnennung |