Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (269)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (269) (remove)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Journal article (269) (remove)
Keywords
- depression (22)
- ADHD (13)
- anxiety (13)
- Medizin (12)
- schizophrenia (12)
- DNA methylation (8)
- Schizophrenie (8)
- psychiatric disorders (8)
- bipolar disorder (7)
- fMRI (7)
- genetics (7)
- mice (7)
- epigenetics (6)
- hippocampus (6)
- COVID-19 (5)
- Quantitative anatomy (5)
- antidepressant (5)
- behavior (5)
- brain (5)
- fear conditioning (5)
- neuroprotection (5)
- Alzheimer’s disease (4)
- BDNF (4)
- Leonhard classification (4)
- NPY (4)
- Psychiatrie (4)
- amygdala (4)
- dentate gyrus (4)
- fNIRS (4)
- gene expression (4)
- genome-wide association (4)
- major depression (4)
- mental disorders (4)
- mental health (4)
- mouse model (4)
- near-infrared spectroscopy (4)
- neurodevelopment (4)
- oxidative stress (4)
- panic disorder (4)
- prefrontal cortex (4)
- pregnancy (4)
- psychiatry (4)
- working memory (4)
- 5-HT1A (3)
- 5-HT2C (3)
- Albino rats (3)
- Alzheimer's disease (3)
- Alzheimers disease (3)
- Bipolar disorder (3)
- Cerebellar cortex (3)
- Depression (3)
- EEG (3)
- FMRI (3)
- Leonhard-Klassifikation (3)
- MDD (3)
- Parkinson’s disease (3)
- Purkinje cells (3)
- Schizophrenia (3)
- age (3)
- aggression (3)
- antidepressants (3)
- association (3)
- children (3)
- chronic heart failure (3)
- cognitive impairment (3)
- dopamine (3)
- emotion (3)
- emotional regulation (3)
- glucocorticoid receptor (3)
- glucose transporter (3)
- human behaviour (3)
- humans (3)
- major depressive disorder (3)
- neurodegeneration (3)
- neuroimaging (3)
- neuroinflammation (3)
- neuropathology (3)
- physiology (3)
- plasticity (3)
- polygenic risk score (3)
- response inhibition (3)
- serotonin (3)
- startle reflex (3)
- stress (3)
- substantia nigra (3)
- 5-HT transporter (2)
- 5-HT1A receptor (2)
- 5-HTTLPR (2)
- Big Five (2)
- CSF (2)
- Cadherin-13 (CDH13) (2)
- Cerebellum (2)
- Coexpression (2)
- Cytokines (2)
- DNA (2)
- Emotional processing (2)
- FAAH (2)
- FKBP5 (2)
- Fibromyalgia syndrome (2)
- HPA axis (2)
- IAPS (2)
- Lipofuscin (2)
- MEG (2)
- MRI (2)
- Mice (2)
- OCD (2)
- P300 (2)
- PARK2 (2)
- Parkinson's disease (2)
- Psychiatric disorders (2)
- Psychopathologie (2)
- Stereology (2)
- T-cadherin (2)
- activation (2)
- active zone (2)
- adolescence (2)
- adversity (2)
- aging (2)
- alliance (2)
- alpha-synuclein (2)
- animal behavior (2)
- anterior cingulate cortex (2)
- anxiety disorders (2)
- autism (2)
- biomarker (2)
- biomarkers (2)
- cerebellum (2)
- clinical genetics (2)
- coping (2)
- cortical activation (2)
- dementia (2)
- disease progression (2)
- disorder (2)
- dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (2)
- early recognition (2)
- early-life stress (2)
- efficacy (2)
- electroencephalography (2)
- endocannabinoid (2)
- expression (2)
- extinction (2)
- fear (2)
- fear generalization (2)
- fear-potentiated startle (2)
- fibromyalgia (2)
- frontotemporal dementia (2)
- functional magnetic resonance imaging (2)
- gene (2)
- hiPSC (2)
- illness (2)
- immediate early genes (2)
- inflammation (2)
- insulin receptor (2)
- iron (2)
- knockout (2)
- knockout mice (2)
- lactation (2)
- learning (2)
- life events (2)
- long-term potentiation (2)
- longitudinal studies (2)
- mouse (2)
- mutation (2)
- myelination (2)
- myocardial infarction (2)
- negative affect (2)
- neuromelanin (2)
- neuropsychiatric disorders (2)
- neuropsychology (2)
- neuroscience (2)
- obesity (2)
- oligodendrocyte (2)
- pain (2)
- parietal hypoactivation (2)
- peripartum (2)
- personalized medicine (2)
- pharmacovigilance (2)
- prediction (2)
- prevention (2)
- proteomics (2)
- psychopathology (2)
- quality of life (2)
- rat (2)
- reaction time (2)
- regulatory T cells (2)
- reliability (2)
- sensitivity (2)
- serotonin transporter (2)
- serotonin transporter gene (2)
- social decision-making (2)
- substantia nigra pars compacta (2)
- suicide prevention (2)
- systematic review (2)
- temporoparietal junction (2)
- therapeutic drug monitoring (2)
- transcranial direct current stimulation (2)
- triple in situ hybridization (2)
- tryptophan (2)
- "Familiär-sporadisch"- Konzept (1)
- 123I-mIBG (1)
- 1p13.3 (1)
- 1q21 (1)
- 5-HT (1)
- 5-HTT knockout mice (1)
- 5HTTLPR (1)
- 7q11.2 (1)
- ADHD patients (1)
- Abelson helper integration-1 (AHI1) (1)
- Activation (1)
- Acute tryptophan depletion (1)
- Adult (1)
- Adult head (1)
- Affective psychoses (1)
- Ageing (1)
- Aggressive behaviour (1)
- Albino rat (1)
- Albinoratten (1)
- Alien limb syndrome (1)
- Alzheimer disease (1)
- Alzheimer-Krankheit (1)
- Alzheimer’s dementia (1)
- Amantadine (1)
- Anarchic limb syndrome (1)
- Ankyrin (1)
- Antidepressants (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Anxiety-like behavior (1)
- Association study (1)
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (1)
- Auditory pathway (1)
- Auditory targets (1)
- Axonal degeneration (1)
- B 37 CAG repeat locus (1)
- BDNF Val66Met (1)
- Balints-Syndrome (1)
- Beer-lambert law (1)
- Bias (1)
- Biomarke (1)
- Biomarkers (1)
- Blood-brain barrier (1)
- Body weight (1)
- Brain (1)
- Brain atrophy (1)
- Brain mappins (1)
- Brain trauma (1)
- C(-1019)G polymorphism (1)
- C-reactive protein (1)
- CA3 (1)
- CA4 (1)
- CAPS (1)
- CDH13 (1)
- CDH13 Expression (1)
- CDH13 mRNA (1)
- CLN3 (1)
- CNS (1)
- CNV (1)
- CNVs (1)
- COMT VAL(158)MET polymorphism (1)
- CRH1 (1)
- CRISPR-Cas Systems (1)
- Cadherin (CDH13) (1)
- Capillaries (1)
- Case-Control Studies (1)
- Caudate nucleus (1)
- Cerebellar nuclei (1)
- Cerebrolysin (1)
- Chronic disease (1)
- Chronic heart failure (1)
- Chronic stress (1)
- Clinical Genetics (1)
- Coffin-Lowry syndrome (1)
- Cognitive Therapy (1)
- Cognitive control (1)
- Cognitive decline (1)
- Corticobasal syndrome (1)
- Covid-19 (1)
- CpG islands (1)
- D-amino acid oxidase activator (1)
- DAT (1)
- DNA Methylation (1)
- DNA damage (1)
- DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (1)
- DNA methyltransferases (1)
- DNMT3A (1)
- DRD2 (1)
- De-novo (1)
- Demyelination (1)
- Demyelinisierung (1)
- Diabetic polyneuropathy (1)
- Diagnosis prediction (1)
- Disease progression (1)
- Disease-modifying therapies (1)
- Disorders (1)
- Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (1)
- Drosophila (1)
- Drosophila model (1)
- Drug development (1)
- Dynamic Causal Modeling (1)
- E3 ubiquitin ligase (1)
- EBM (1)
- Early infant catatonia (1)
- Early-onset (1)
- Enrichment analysis (1)
- Epigenesis (1)
- Epigenetik (1)
- Europe (1)
- Event-related potentials (1)
- Expression (1)
- FNIRS (1)
- Familial/sporadic concept (1)
- Female (1)
- Frühkindliche Katatonie (1)
- Frühkindlicher Hirnschaden (1)
- GABA (1)
- GABBR1 (1)
- GAD1 (1)
- GAP (1)
- GFAP (1)
- GHQ-28 (1)
- GLUT3 (1)
- GPCRs (1)
- GRN (1)
- GWAS (1)
- Gemeindepsychiatrie (1)
- Generic questionnaire (1)
- Genetic (1)
- Genetik (1)
- Genotype (1)
- Glial fibrillary acidic protein (1)
- Go/NoGo task (1)
- Granular layer (1)
- HAND (1)
- HDBSCAN (1)
- HIV (1)
- Hirninfarkt (1)
- Htr1a (1)
- Htr2a (1)
- Htr2c (1)
- Human CDH13 (1)
- Human behaviour (1)
- Human brain (1)
- Human entorhinal area (1)
- Humans (1)
- Huntington's disease . Human cerebral cortex (1)
- Hurst Exponent (1)
- Hyperintense Marklagerläsionen (1)
- Hyperintense white matter lesions (1)
- ICT (1)
- IMpACT (1)
- Iife threatening catatonic syndrome (1)
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (1)
- Inflammatio (1)
- Insensitivity (1)
- Insulin Degrading Enzyme (1)
- Interferon-alpha (1)
- Japanese population (1)
- KFZA (1)
- Klinische Psychiatrie (1)
- Knock-out mice (1)
- Kontusion (1)
- LPHN3 (1)
- LPS (1)
- Latency (1)
- Lateralitity (1)
- Laterality (1)
- Leonhard cIassification (1)
- Leukoaraiose (1)
- Leukoaraiosis (1)
- Long-term depression (1)
- MAPK signaling (1)
- MCPH1 (1)
- MRT (1)
- Maintenance treatment (1)
- Major depression (1)
- Malignant neuroleptic syndrome (1)
- Malignes neuroleptisches Syndrom (1)
- Mania (1)
- Maternal infections (1)
- Measurement invariance (1)
- Media (1)
- Medicine (1)
- Memory dysfunction (1)
- Messenger-RNA (1)
- MiMIC (1)
- Model (1)
- Molecular biology (1)
- Molecular-genetics (1)
- Monoamine Oxidase/genetics (1)
- Monopolar depression (1)
- Mood disorders (1)
- Motor nerve biopsy (1)
- Mouse-brain (1)
- N170 (1)
- NCAM1 (1)
- NIRS (1)
- NPSR1 (1)
- NPU (1)
- NSSI (1)
- Neostriatum (1)
- Nerve fibers (1)
- Nesplora Aquarium (1)
- Neurologie (1)
- Neuronal plasticity (1)
- Neurone number (1)
- Neurons (1)
- Neuropathy (1)
- Neuroprotection (1)
- Neuropsychiatrie (1)
- Neurotrophic factors (1)
- Nissl stain (1)
- Npy (1)
- Npyr1 (1)
- Npyr2 (1)
- Nucleus accumbens (1)
- Ontogeny (1)
- Opioid receptor (1)
- P100 (1)
- P300 topography (1)
- PET-1 (1)
- PTSD (1)
- PYY3-36 (1)
- Panic Disorder/genetics (1)
- Panic Disorder/therapy (1)
- Parallel fiber synapses (1)
- Parkinson disease (1)
- Parkinsonism (1)
- Perinatal Asphyxia (1)
- Perinatal brain damage (1)
- Periventricular hyperintensities (1)
- Periventrikuläre Hyperintensitäten (1)
- Personalized medicine (1)
- Pharmakovigilanz (1)
- Photon migration (1)
- Physiological functions (1)
- Pigmentarchitectonics (1)
- Polarity index (1)
- Poststroke depression (1)
- Predominant polarity (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Prognostic markers (1)
- Propagation (1)
- Prosaccade (1)
- Psychisch Kranker (1)
- Psychologie (1)
- Psychopathology (1)
- Psychopharmakotherapie (1)
- Purkinje-Zellen (1)
- Qb-Test (1)
- Qualitätssicherung (1)
- Quantitative Anatomie (1)
- Quetiapine (1)
- RIM1α (1)
- RNA expression (1)
- RNA sequencing (1)
- RSK (1)
- RSK2 (1)
- RTMS (1)
- Rat-brain (1)
- Regional differences (1)
- Restraint stress (1)
- Rotary EXcitation (REX) (1)
- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (1)
- S-HT (1)
- S6KII RSK (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 brain disorders (1)
- SCF (1)
- SERT (1)
- SKP1 (1)
- SLC2A3 (1)
- SLC6A4 (1)
- STORM (1)
- SV pool (1)
- Saccadic eye-movements (1)
- Scattering (1)
- Schwangerschaft (1)
- Schwangerschaftsinfektion (1)
- Secondary affective disorder (1)
- Selective attention (1)
- Senescent rat (1)
- Senile rat (1)
- Senile rats (1)
- Sequence Analysis (1)
- Serotonin (1)
- Serotonin transporter (1)
- Serotonin transporter polymorphism (1)
- Sert-deficient mice (1)
- Skin biopsy (1)
- Sonic hedgehog (1)
- Spectroscopy fnirs (1)
- Spinal nerves (1)
- Spines (1)
- Stimuli (1)
- Strain differences (1)
- Striatum (1)
- Sub-saharan Africa (1)
- Support vector machine (1)
- Surrogate endpoints (1)
- System (1)
- Systematic review (1)
- Task-performance (1)
- Thalamic nuclei (1)
- Therapeutisches Drug Monitoring (1)
- Tissues (1)
- Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (1)
- Transgenic mice (1)
- Transporter (1)
- Triple in situ hybridization (1)
- Tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (Tph2) (1)
- UPPS (1)
- Ultrastructure (1)
- Unc-13 (1)
- VAL66MET polymorphism (1)
- VBM (1)
- Vergence (1)
- Voluntary control (1)
- Western diet (1)
- Working memory (1)
- Xenopus laevis oocytes (1)
- accidents (1)
- acetylcholine (1)
- acid sphingomyelinase (1)
- acoustic startle (1)
- acute brain slices (1)
- acute mania (1)
- adhesion (1)
- adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (1)
- adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adult ADHD) (1)
- adult treatment (1)
- adverse drug reactions (1)
- advisory groups (1)
- affective disorders (1)
- affective state (1)
- age stereotypes (1)
- aggressiveness (1)
- aging and cell death (1)
- aging brain (1)
- aging-related disease (1)
- agreeableness (1)
- akut lebensbedrohlich katatones Syndrom (1)
- alcohol use disorder (1)
- allostatic load (1)
- amino acid analysis (1)
- amygdala response (1)
- amyloid-β (1)
- analysis of variance (1)
- animal performance (1)
- anterior insula (1)
- anti-depressive treatment (1)
- anticipation (1)
- anticipatory anxiety (1)
- antidepressive agents (1)
- anxiety like (1)
- anxiety-like behavior (1)
- anxious depression (1)
- aphasia (1)
- apolipoprotein-E4 (1)
- apoptosis (1)
- appetitive conditioning; ; (1)
- assay (1)
- assessment of cognitive disorders/dementia (1)
- astrocytes (1)
- atlas‐based volumetry (1)
- atopic dermatitis (1)
- attention (1)
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1)
- attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (1)
- attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (1)
- attentional bias (1)
- auditory cortex (1)
- autism spectrum disorder (1)
- autism-like behavior (1)
- autoinhibition (1)
- awareness (1)
- axonal transport (1)
- basal ganglia (1)
- bed nucleus of stria terminalis (1)
- behavioral activation system (1)
- behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (1)
- beside test (1)
- biased signaling (1)
- bipolar disorders (1)
- blood biomarker (1)
- bold (1)
- bold activity (1)
- brain activation (1)
- brain bank (1)
- brain derived neurotrophic factor (1)
- brain development (1)
- brain disorders (1)
- brain oxidative stress (1)
- brain pathology (1)
- brain stem (1)
- brain stimulation (1)
- brain-regions (1)
- breast cancer (1)
- burden (1)
- cadherins (1)
- caffeine-induced anxiety (1)
- cancer (1)
- candidate gene (1)
- capacity (1)
- capecitabine (1)
- cardiac sympathetic nerve system (1)
- cardiology (1)
- cardiorespiratory centre (1)
- cardiovascular arousal (1)
- case fatality rates (1)
- cell membranes (1)
- cell proliferation (1)
- cells (1)
- ceramides (1)
- cerebellar ataxia (1)
- cerebellar atrophy (1)
- cerebral artery occlusion (1)
- cerebrospina (1)
- child development (1)
- child memory (1)
- childhood maltreatment (1)
- cholinergic neurons (1)
- chromosome 12 (1)
- chronic distress (1)
- chronic stress (1)
- classical conditioning (1)
- classification (1)
- clinical diagnosis (1)
- clinical practice guideline (1)
- clinical trial (1)
- cluster analysis (1)
- coexpression (1)
- cognitive bias (1)
- cognitive control (1)
- cognitive decline (1)
- cognitive deficits (1)
- cognitive dysfunction (1)
- cognitive neuropsychology in dementia (1)
- cognitive-behavioral therapy (1)
- cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy (1)
- cohort studies (1)
- community sample (1)
- comparative anatomy (1)
- complementary alternative medicine (1)
- complex interventions (1)
- comprehensive psychosomatic assessment (1)
- computer-assisted instruction (1)
- congenital heart-deffects (1)
- contextual fear conditioning (1)
- continuous performance test (1)
- control strain (1)
- coping style (1)
- coping with challenge (1)
- copy number variants (1)
- copy number variation (1)
- copy-number variation (1)
- coronavirus (1)
- cortex (1)
- corticotropin releasing factor (1)
- cortisol (1)
- course (1)
- cross-sectional studies (1)
- cross-sectional study (1)
- crystal structure (1)
- cycloid psychoses (1)
- cycloid psychosis (1)
- cytoarchitectonic maps (1)
- cytoarchitectonics (1)
- cytome biomarkers (1)
- damage (1)
- data mining (1)
- de-novo methylation (1)
- deaths (1)
- decision making (1)
- defensive reactivity (1)
- defensive system reactivity (1)
- deficient mice (1)
- deficit (1)
- deficit hyperactivity disorder (1)
- dehydrogenases (1)
- delay (1)
- dementia with Lewy bodies (1)
- depressive disorder (1)
- development (1)
- developmental delay (1)
- dexamethasone (1)
- diagnosis (1)
- diagnostic criteria (1)
- diagnostic markers (1)
- diagnostic medicine (1)
- dictator game (1)
- diet (1)
- differentiation (1)
- digital phenotyping (1)
- dimensions (1)
- disability (1)
- discrimination training (1)
- disease modelling (1)
- disease-modifying therapies (1)
- dopaminergics (1)
- dorsal raphe nucleus (1)
- drift-diffusion modeling (1)
- drug development (1)
- drug-addiction (1)
- dual guidance (1)
- e-learning (1)
- early diagnosis (1)
- early intervention (1)
- early-onset predictors (1)
- ecological momentary assessment (1)
- ectodomain cleavage (1)
- egoism (1)
- elderly (1)
- electrode recording (1)
- electroeneephalography (1)
- electron tomography (1)
- embryos (1)
- emotion regulation (1)
- emotional behavior (1)
- emotional experience (1)
- emotional influence (1)
- emotional information (1)
- emotional stress (1)
- emotions (1)
- encephalitis lethargica (1)
- endocannabinoids (1)
- endogenous psychoses (1)
- endophenotype (1)
- endoplasmic reticulum stress (1)
- energy expenditure (1)
- energy metabolism (1)
- entorhinal cortex (1)
- environment (1)
- epigenetics in the nervous system (1)
- epigenomics (1)
- event-related fMRI (1)
- event-related potentials (1)
- evoked potentials (1)
- executive function (1)
- executive function training (1)
- executive functions (1)
- eyes (1)
- facial affect (1)
- facial expression (1)
- factor expression (1)
- famiIiaI ·sporadic concept (1)
- familial-sporadic concept (1)
- families (1)
- family (1)
- family caregivers (1)
- fatigue (1)
- fear expression (1)
- fear learning (1)
- fear memory consolidation (1)
- fear-relevant training (1)
- febrile seizures (1)
- feedback (1)
- female (1)
- ferroptosis (1)
- fetal preconditioning (1)
- fibromyalgia syndrome (1)
- fluid (1)
- follow-up (1)
- freezing (1)
- frontal cortex (1)
- frontotemporal lobar degeneration (1)
- fumarate (1)
- functional near-infrared spectroscopy (1)
- fusiform gyrus (1)
- gender (1)
- gender differences (1)
- gene ADGRL3 (1)
- gene × gene interaction (1)
- gene-by-environment interaction (1)
- gene-environment interaction (1)
- geneexpression (1)
- generalization (1)
- genetic association study (1)
- genetic interaction (1)
- genetic linkage study (1)
- genetic loci (1)
- genetic phenotypes (1)
- genetic risk factor (1)
- genetic variants (1)
- genetic variation (1)
- genetics memory (1)
- genomic response (1)
- genotype (1)
- genotype-phenotype patterns (1)
- glia (1)
- glial fibrillary acidic protein (1)
- glucocorticoids (1)
- glucose (1)
- glucose tolerance (1)
- glutamate (1)
- glutamate receptor (1)
- glycine (1)
- glycine receptor (1)
- glycine receptor beta subunit (1)
- glycogen synthase kinase-3β (1)
- granule cells (1)
- granules (1)
- growth factor (1)
- hand (1)
- haplotypes (1)
- head (1)
- health care (1)
- heart failure (1)
- heart rate variability (1)
- heat shock protein Hsc-70 (1)
- hepcidin (1)
- heritability (1)
- heterosis (1)
- heterozygote (1)
- hierarchical drift-diffusion modeling (1)
- high-pressure freezing (1)
- hippocampal formation (1)
- hippocampal mossy fiber bouton (1)
- hippocampal neurogenesis (1)
- hippocampal plasticity (1)
- hippocampal volume (1)
- histamine (1)
- hospital (1)
- hospitalisation (1)
- human brain (1)
- human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) (1)
- human orbitofrontal cortex (1)
- hyperactivity (1)
- hypothalamic gene expression (1)
- hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (1)
- iPSC (1)
- iPSCs (1)
- iiron transporter (1)
- imaging mass spectrometry (1)
- immediate-early gene (1)
- immunology (1)
- impact (1)
- impairments (1)
- impulse control disorders (1)
- impulsivity (1)
- in vivo (1)
- incentive salience (1)
- incentives (1)
- incidence (1)
- indans (1)
- individual differences (1)
- individual quality of life (1)
- induced pluripotent stem cells (1)
- inferior parietal lobule (1)
- inflammatory cytokines (1)
- inflammatory diseases (1)
- informal caregiving (1)
- insulin resistance (1)
- insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (1)
- intelligibility (1)
- intensity of attention (1)
- interleukin 6 (1)
- intermediate phenotype approach (1)
- interstitial duplications (1)
- intervention study (1)
- iron in parkinsonism (1)
- iron model (1)
- iron pathology (1)
- ischemic brain injury (1)
- ischemic stroke (1)
- joint action (1)
- judgement bias (1)
- knock-out mice (1)
- laboratory and online studies (1)
- laboratory environment (1)
- lacking (1)
- learning and memory (1)
- learning curves (1)
- length of stay (1)
- lethai catatonia (1)
- levodopa (1)
- life (1)
- linkage (1)
- liraglutide (1)
- lithium (1)
- localization microscopy (1)
- loci (1)
- locomotor activity (1)
- loneliness (1)
- longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- machine learning (1)
- magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy (1)
- major depressive disorder (MDD) (1)
- mammalian development (1)
- management (1)
- mapping susceptibility genes (1)
- massively multiplayer online role playing games (1)
- maternal (1)
- maternal infection (1)
- maternal separation (1)
- matrix metalloproteinase (1)
- maturation (1)
- mechanismofaction (1)
- mechanisms (1)
- medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) (1)
- medial temporal lobe (1)
- median and dorsal raphe (1)
- medical Education (1)
- medical education (1)
- medical genetics (1)
- medicine (1)
- membrane potential (1)
- membrane proteins (1)
- memory consolidation and extinction (1)
- memory deficits (1)
- memory formation (1)
- mental arithmetic (1)
- mental illness (1)
- messenger RNA (1)
- metaanalysis (1)
- metagenomics (1)
- methylphenidate (1)
- microarray (1)
- microarrays (1)
- microcephalin 1 (1)
- microdeletion (1)
- midbrain (1)
- middle aged (1)
- migraine (1)
- mild cognitive impairment (1)
- mind-body intervention (1)
- mismatch (1)
- mitochondria (1)
- mitochondrial pathology (1)
- mitochondrial translation (1)
- mitochondrial transport (1)
- mobile crowdsensing (1)
- mobile health (1)
- moclobemide (1)
- modulation (1)
- molecular biology (1)
- molecular genetics (1)
- molecular neuroscience (1)
- monetary incentive delay task (1)
- monoamine oxidase (1)
- monoamine oxidase A (1)
- monoamine oxidase inhibitors (1)
- monoamine transporters (1)
- monopolar depressive disorders (1)
- monopolare endogene Depression (1)
- mood disorder (1)
- mood disorders (1)
- morality (1)
- mothers (1)
- motivation (1)
- motoneuron (1)
- movement disorders (1)
- mrsk2 KO mouse (1)
- multicenter (1)
- multimedia, (1)
- multiple myeloma (1)
- multiple sclerosis (1)
- multiple system atrophy (1)
- multi‑center cohort study (1)
- music performance anxiety (1)
- mutant ubiquitin (1)
- myocardial sympathetic innervation imaging (1)
- nalmefene (1)
- nanoarchitecture (1)
- neonatal brain (1)
- neonatal hypoxia (1)
- nervour system (1)
- nervous system (1)
- neural activity (1)
- neural fear network activation (1)
- neural mechanisms (1)
- neural stem cells (1)
- neuregulin-1 (1)
- neurite outgrowth (1)
- neurobiology (1)
- neurodevelopmental disorders (1)
- neurodevelopmental disorders / genetics (1)
- neurofilament light chain (1)
- neurogenesis (1)
- neuroinvasion (1)
- neurological disorders (1)
- neurological symptoms/disorders (1)
- neurology (1)
- neuromelanin granules (1)
- neuromuscular junction (1)
- neuron (1)
- neuron navigator 3 (1)
- neuronal dendrites (1)
- neuronal differentiation (1)
- neuronal dysfunction (1)
- neuronal plasticity (1)
- neurons (1)
- neuropathic pain (1)
- neurophysiology (1)
- neuroplasticity (1)
- neuropsychiatry (1)
- neurorehabilitation (1)
- neurothrophic factor (1)
- neurotrophic factor (1)
- neurotrophic factor gene (1)
- neurotrophic factors (1)
- nitricoxidesynthase (1)
- non-suicidal self-injury (1)
- nucleus (1)
- nucleus accumbens (1)
- nurses (1)
- object pattern separation (1)
- objective structured clinical examination (1)
- observer agreement (1)
- obstetric complications (1)
- of-the-literature (1)
- older employees (1)
- onset (1)
- optic ataxia (1)
- oral anticancer drugs (1)
- organische affektive Störungen (1)
- oscillating biomagnetic fields (1)
- oxygen consumption (1)
- parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (1)
- parent training (1)
- parental origin (1)
- parietal lobe (1)
- parkinson’s disease (1)
- paternal (1)
- patient-doctor-relationship (1)
- pediatrics (1)
- people (1)
- perception (1)
- periodic catatonia (1)
- peripheral-blood lymphocytes (1)
- perniziöse Katatonie (1)
- persistent ADHD (1)
- personality (1)
- perspectives (1)
- pharmacogenetics (1)
- pharmacotherapy (1)
- phasic threat responding (1)
- phenelzine (1)
- phobia (1)
- phosphorylated tau protein (1)
- physical health (1)
- pigment (1)
- polymorphism (1)
- polymorphisms (1)
- population (1)
- population-based studies (1)
- positive affect (1)
- positive interneurons (1)
- positron-emission-tomography (1)
- postencephalitic parkinsonism (1)
- posterior cortical atrophy (1)
- posterior parietal cortex (1)
- posteroinferior occipitotemporal gyrus (1)
- postmortem (1)
- postmortem studies (1)
- postnatal depression (1)
- posttraumatic-stress-disorder (1)
- precision medicine (1)
- predict (1)
- predictive markers (1)
- prefrontal activity (1)
- pregnancy anxiety (1)
- prenatal stress (1)
- prepulse inhibition (1)
- presynaptic (1)
- presynaptic homeostasis (1)
- preterm brain (1)
- prevalence (1)
- preventive strategies (1)
- primary care (1)
- primary progressive aphasia (1)
- primary reinforcer (1)
- primary response genes (1)
- process evaluation (1)
- processing bias (1)
- processing speed (1)
- progressive muscle relaxation (1)
- proliferation (1)
- promoter region (1)
- prophylactic lithium (1)
- prosociality (1)
- protein (1)
- protein aggregation (1)
- protein kinase (1)
- psychiatric-hospitalization (1)
- psycho-geriatrics (1)
- psychological distress (1)
- psychological stress (1)
- psychology (1)
- psychooncology (1)
- psychopharmacotherapy (1)
- psychosocial stress (1)
- psychosocial workplace risk assessment (1)
- psychotic experiences (1)
- psychotropic medication (1)
- psychotropic medications (1)
- public health (1)
- punishment (1)
- qualitative approaches (1)
- quality assurance (1)
- quality of live (1)
- quantitative anatomy (1)
- randomized-controlled trial (1)
- rare diseases (1)
- rare mendelian disorders (1)
- rasagiline (1)
- rat brain (1)
- rating scale (1)
- real-life interaction (1)
- realist evaluation (1)
- receptor gene polymorphism (1)
- receptors (1)
- recognition memory (1)
- reconsolidation (1)
- recurrent Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy (1)
- regenerative research (1)
- religiosity (1)
- remitted/acute phase (1)
- renal function (1)
- repair (1)
- repulsive guidance molecule A (1)
- research errors (1)
- resting-state fMRI (1)
- reward (1)
- reward deficiency syndrome (1)
- right inferior frontalgyrus (1)
- risk SNP rs1397547 (1)
- risk genes (1)
- risperidone (1)
- rule discovery (1)
- safety (1)
- safety behavior (1)
- sample size calculation (1)
- sections (1)
- selegiline (1)
- self-employed (1)
- sequence variations (1)
- serotonergic system (1)
- serotonin deficiency (1)
- serotonin receptors (1)
- serotonin transporter deficient mice (1)
- serotonin(1A) receptor (1)
- serotonin-specific neurons (1)
- serum concentration (1)
- sex (1)
- short-term methylphenidate brain (1)
- short-term-memory (1)
- sialic acid (1)
- sialyltransferase (1)
- signal transduction pathway (1)
- simulation (1)
- single subject (1)
- skin conductance (1)
- skin conduction response (1)
- small business (1)
- smoking cessation (1)
- social anxiety (1)
- social anxiety disorder (1)
- social avoidance (1)
- social capital (1)
- social cognition (1)
- social cognitive (1)
- social distancing (1)
- social experience (1)
- social interaction (1)
- social isolation (1)
- social motives (1)
- social neuroscience (1)
- spastic (1)
- spatial memory (1)
- spectrum disorder (1)
- spectrum disorders (1)
- sphingolipids (1)
- spider phobia (1)
- spontaneously hypertensive rat (1)
- sporadic Parkinson's disease (1)
- startle reaction (1)
- states (1)
- stem cell therapy (1)
- stem cells (1)
- stereology (1)
- strategies (1)
- streptozotocin (1)
- stress granules (1)
- stressful life events (1)
- stroop interference (1)
- subphenotypes (1)
- subsctraction (1)
- subsequent memory (1)
- supervisors (1)
- surrogate endpoints (1)
- survey (1)
- susceptibility (1)
- sustained fear (1)
- sustained threat responding (1)
- swim test (1)
- synapse (1)
- synapse formation (1)
- synaptic plasticity (1)
- synaptic transmission (1)
- synaptic ultrastructure (1)
- synaptosomes (1)
- systems (1)
- systems biology (1)
- tDCS (1)
- tandem mass spectrometry (1)
- target (1)
- targeted bisulfite sequencing (1)
- task complexity (1)
- task difficulty (1)
- tauopathy (1)
- teaching hospital (1)
- telomere length (1)
- temporal lobe epilepsy (1)
- theory of mind (1)
- theranostic markers (1)
- therapy (1)
- therapy response (1)
- thiamine (1)
- threat anticipation (1)
- threat-related stimuli (1)
- tolerability (1)
- tolerance (1)
- trail making test (1)
- transcranial magnetic stimulation (1)
- transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) (1)
- transient global ischemia (1)
- transmission (1)
- transporter gene SLC2A3 (1)
- tranylcypromine (1)
- treatment (1)
- treatment guidelines (1)
- treatment response (1)
- tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (1)
- tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (1)
- ubiquitin-proteasome system (1)
- ubiquitination (1)
- ultra-high risk (1)
- ultrasound imaging (1)
- understaffed (1)
- unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen (1)
- universal prevention (1)
- valence framing (1)
- validation (1)
- validity (1)
- ventromedial prefrontal cortex (1)
- verbal fluency task (1)
- verbal n-back (1)
- video-game (1)
- virtual patients (1)
- virtual reality exposure therapy (1)
- viruses (1)
- virus–iron interaction (1)
- vitamin D deficiency (1)
- volumetric MRI (1)
- von Economo (1)
- voxel-based morphometry (1)
- work-related stress (1)
- world of warcraft (1)
- yoga (1)
- younger employees (1)
- zykloide Psychose (1)
- ɑ-Synuclein and iron (1)
- γ-secretase (1)
Institute
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (269) (remove)
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
EU-Project number / Contract (GA) number
- 602805 (18)
- 728018 (13)
- 643051 (4)
- 01EW1902 (3)
- 223138 (3)
- 281338 (2)
- 667302 (2)
- 953327 (2)
- 0800978 (1)
- 101007642 (1)
- 211078 (1)
- 232944 (1)
- 241909 (1)
- 242257 (1)
- 245009 (1)
- 259867 (1)
- 279062 (1)
- 286213 (1)
- 503474 (1)
- 602102 (1)
- 602133 (1)
- 602531 (1)
- 610307 (1)
- 617198 (1)
- 658195 (1)
- 677302 (1)
- 696802 (1)
- 701983 (1)
- 707362 (1)
- 720270 (1)
- 823881 (1)
- 874758 (1)
- 956414 (1)
- FKZ01EW1902 (1)
Proper maternal care is an essential factor of reproductive success in mammals, involving a repertoire of behaviors oriented toward the feeding and care of the offspring. Among the neurotransmitters involved in the initiation of these behaviors, serotonin (5-HT) seems to play an important role. Here we compared pup-oriented maternal behaviors in mice with constitutive 5-HT depletion, the tryptophan hydroxylase 2-knock-out (Tph2-KO) and the Pet1-KO mice. We report that the only common pup-oriented defect in these 2 hyposerotoninergic models is a defective nursing in parturient mice and altered nursing-like (crouching) behavior in virgin mice, while pup retrieval defects are only present in Tph2-KO. Despite a normal mammary gland development and milk production, the defect in appropriate nursing is responsible for severe growth retardation and early lethality of pups born to hyposerotonergic dams. This nursing defect is due to acute rather constitutive 5-HT depletion, as it is reproduced by adult knockdown of Tph2 in the dorsal raphe nucleus in mothers with a prior normal maternal experience. We conclude that 5-HT innervation from the dorsal raphe is required for both the initiation and maintenance of a normal nursing behavior. Our findings may be related to observations of reduced maternal/infant interactions in human depression.
Activity in the healthy brain relies on a concerted interplay of excitation (E) and inhibition (I) via balanced synaptic communication between glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons. A growing number of studies imply that disruption of this E/I balance is a commonality in many brain disorders; however, obtaining mechanistic insight into these disruptions, with translational value for the patient, has typically been hampered by methodological limitations. Cadherin-13 (CDH13) has been associated with autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. CDH13 localizes at inhibitory presynapses, specifically of parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SST) expressing GABAergic neurons. However, the mechanism by which CDH13 regulates the function of inhibitory synapses in human neurons remains unknown. Starting from human-induced pluripotent stem cells, we established a robust method to generate a homogenous population of SST and MEF2C (PV-precursor marker protein) expressing GABAergic neurons (iGABA) in vitro, and co-cultured these with glutamatergic neurons at defined E/I ratios on micro-electrode arrays. We identified functional network parameters that are most reliably affected by GABAergic modulation as such, and through alterations of E/I balance by reduced expression of CDH13 in iGABAs. We found that CDH13 deficiency in iGABAs decreased E/I balance by means of increased inhibition. Moreover, CDH13 interacts with Integrin-β1 and Integrin-β3, which play opposite roles in the regulation of inhibitory synaptic strength via this interaction. Taken together, this model allows for standardized investigation of the E/I balance in a human neuronal background and can be deployed to dissect the cell-type-specific contribution of disease genes to the E/I balance.
A stimulus (conditioned stimulus, CS) associated with an appetitive unconditioned stimulus (US) acquires positive properties and elicits appetitive conditioned responses (CR). Such associative learning has been examined extensively in animals with food as the US, and results are used to explain psychopathologies (e.g., substance-related disorders or obesity). Human studies on appetitive conditioning exist, too, but we still know little about generalization processes. Understanding these processes may explain why stimuli not associated with a drug, for instance, can elicit craving. Forty-seven hungry participants underwent an appetitive conditioning protocol during which one of two circles with different diameters (CS+) became associated with an appetitive US (chocolate or salty pretzel, according to participants’ preference) but never the other circle (CS−). During generalization, US were delivered twice and the two CS were presented again plus four circles (generalization stimuli, GS) with gradually increasing diameters from CS− to CS+. We found successful appetitive conditioning as reflected in appetitive subjective ratings (positive valence, higher contingency) and physiological responses (startle attenuation and larger skin conductance responses) to CS+ versus CS−, and, importantly, both measures confirmed generalization as indicated by generalization gradients. Small changes in CS-US contingency during generalization may have weakened generalization processes on the physiological level. Considering that appetitive conditioned responses can be generalized to non-US-associated stimuli, a next important step would be to investigate risk factors that mediate overgeneralization.
Objective
Cadherin-13 (CDH13), a member of the calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule family, has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) disorders, but also to depression. In the adult brain, CDH13 expression is restricted e.g. to the presynaptic compartment of inhibitory GABAergic synapses in the hippocampus and Cdh13 knockout mice show an increased inhibitory drive onto hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, leading to a shift in excitatory/inhibitory balance. CDH13 is also moderating migration of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus, establishing projections preferentially to the thalamus and cerebellum during brain development. Furthermore, CDH13 is upregulated by chronic stress as well as in depression, suggesting a role in early-life adaptation to stressful experience. Here, we therefore investigated the interaction between Cdh13 variation and neonatal maternal separation (MS) in mice.
Methods
Male and female wild-type (Cdh13+/+), heterozygous (Cdh13+/−) and homozygous (Cdh13−/−) knockout mice exposed to MS, or daily handling as control, were subjected to a battery of behavioural tests to assess motor activity, learning and memory as well as anxiety-like behaviour. A transcriptome analysis of the hippocampus was performed in an independent cohort of mice which was exposed to MS or handling, but remained naïve for behavioural testing.
Results
MS lead to increased anxiety-like behaviour in Cdh13−/− mice compared to the other two MS groups. Cdh13−/− mice showed a context-dependent effect on stress- and anxiety-related behaviour, impaired extinction learning following contextual fear conditioning and decreased impulsivity, as well as a mild decrease in errors in the Barnes maze and reduced risk-taking in the light-dark transition test after MS. We also show sex differences, with increased locomotor activity in female Cdh13−/− mice, but unaltered impulsivity and activity in male Cdh13−/− mice. Transcriptome analysis revealed several pathways associated with cell surface/adhesion molecules to be altered following Cdh13 deficiency, together with an influence on endoplasmic reticulum function.
Conclusion
MS resulted in increased stress resilience, increased exploration and an overall anxiolytic behavioural phenotype in male Cdh13+/+ and Cdh13+/− mice. Cdh13 deficiency, however, obliterated most of the effects caused by early-life stress, with Cdh13−/− mice exhibiting delayed habituation, no reduction of anxiety-like behaviour and decreased fear extinction. Our behavioural findings indicate a role of CDH13 in the programming of and adaptation to early-life stress. Finally, our transcriptomic data support the view of CDH13 as a neuroprotective factor as well as a mediator in cell-cell interactions, with an impact on synaptic plasticity.
Enhancement of synaptic plasticity through changes in neuronal gene expression is a prerequisite for improved cognitive performance. Moreover, several studies have shown that DNA methylation is able to affect the expression of (e.g. plasticity) genes that are important for several cognitive functions. In this study, the effect of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor RG108 was assessed on object pattern separation (OPS) task in mice. In addition, its effect on the expression of target genes was monitored. Administration of RG108 before the test led to a short-lasting, dose-dependent increase in pattern separation memory that was not present anymore after 48 h. Furthermore, treatment with RG108 did not enhance long-term memory of the animals when tested after a 24 h inter-trial interval in the same task. At the transcriptomic level, acute treatment with RG108 was accompanied by increased expression of Bdnf1, while expression of Bdnf4, Bdnf9, Gria1 and Hdac2 was not altered within 1 h after treatment. Methylation analysis of 14 loci in the promoter region of Bdnf1 revealed a counterintuitive increase in the levels of DNA methylation at three CpG sites. Taken together, these results indicate that acute administration of RG108 has a short-lasting pro-cognitive effect on object pattern separation that could be explained by increased Bdnf1 expression. The observed increase in Bdnf1 methylation suggests a complex interplay between Bdnf methylation-demethylation that promotes Bdnf1 expression and associated cognitive performance. Considering that impaired pattern separation could constitute the underlying problem of a wide range of mental and cognitive disorders, pharmacological agents including DNA methylation inhibitors that improve pattern separation could be compelling targets for the treatment of these disorders. In that respect, future studies are needed in order to determine the effect of chronic administration of such agents.
Anticipation of potentially threatening social situations is a key process in social anxiety disorder (SAD). In other anxiety disorders, recent research of neural correlates of anticipation of temporally unpredictable threat suggests a temporally dissociable involvement of amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) with phasic amygdala responses and sustained BNST activation. However, the temporal profile of amygdala and BNST responses during temporal unpredictability of threat has not been investigated in patients suffering from SAD. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate neural activation in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and the BNST during anticipation of temporally unpredictable aversive (video camera observation) relative to neutral (no camera observation) events in SAD patients compared to healthy controls (HC). For the analysis of fMRI data, we applied two regressors (phasic/sustained) within the same model to detect temporally dissociable brain responses. The aversive condition induced increased anxiety in patients compared to HC. SAD patients compared to HC showed increased phasic activation in the CeA and the BNST for anticipation of aversive relative to neutral events. SAD patients as well as HC showed sustained activity alterations in the BNST for aversive relative to neutral anticipation. No differential activity during sustained threat anticipation in SAD patients compared to HC was found. Taken together, our study reveals both CeA and BNST involvement during threat anticipation in SAD patients. The present results point towards potentially SAD-specific threat processing marked by elevated phasic but not sustained CeA and BNST responses when compared to HC.
The negative societal impacts associated with the increasing prevalence of violence and aggression is increasing, and, with this rise, is the need to understand the molecular and cellular changes that underpin ultrasound-induced aggressive behavior. In mice, stress-induced aggression is known to alter AMPA receptor subunit expression, plasticity markers, and oxidative stress within the brain. Here, we induced aggression in BALB/c mice using chronic ultrasound exposure and examined the impact of the psychoactive anti-oxidant compounds thiamine (vitamin B1), and its derivative benfotiamine, on AMPA receptor subunit expression, established plasticity markers, and oxidative stress. The administration of thiamine or benfotiamine (200 mg/kg/day) in drinking water decreased aggressive behavior following 3-weeks of ultrasound exposure and benfotiamine, reduced floating behavior in the swim test. The vehicle-treated ultrasound-exposed mice exhibited increases in protein carbonyl and total glutathione, altered AMPA receptor subunits expression, and decreased expression of plasticity markers. These ultrasound-induced effects were ameliorated by thiamine and benfotiamine treatment; in particular both antioxidants were able to reverse ultrasound-induced changes in GluA1 and GluA2 subunit expression, and, within the prefrontal cortex, significantly reversed the changes in protein carbonyl and polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) expression levels. Benfotiamine was usually more efficacious than thiamine. Thus, the thiamine compounds were able to counteract ultrasound-induced aggression, which was accompanied by the normalization of markers that have been showed to be associated with ultrasound-induced aggression. These commonly used, orally-active compounds may have considerable potential for use in the control of aggression within the community.
This article is part of the Special Issue entitled ‘Current status of the neurobiology of aggression and impulsivity’.
Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques are a prominent pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). They consist of aggregated Aβ peptides, which are generated through sequential proteolytic processing of the transmembrane protein amyloid precursor protein (APP) and several Aβ-associated factors. Efficient clearance of Aβ from the brain is thought to be important to prevent the development and progression of AD. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is one of the major pathways for protein breakdown in cells and it has been suggested that impaired UPS-mediated removal of protein aggregates could play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. To study the effects of an impaired UPS on Aβ pathology in vivo, transgenic APPSwe/PS1ΔE9 mice (APPPS1) were crossed with transgenic mice expressing mutant ubiquitin (UBB+1), a protein-based inhibitor of the UPS. Surprisingly, the APPPS1/UBB+1 crossbreed showed a remarkable decrease in Aβ plaque load during aging. Further analysis showed that UBB+1 expression transiently restored PS1-NTF expression and γ-secretase activity in APPPS1 mice. Concurrently, UBB+1 decreased levels of β-APP-CTF, which is a γ-secretase substrate. Although UBB+1 reduced Aβ pathology in APPPS1 mice, it did not improve the behavioral deficits in these animals.
Punishment feels bad, but relief upon its termination feels good. As a consequence of such timing-dependent valence reversal, memories of opposite valence can result from associating stimulus A with, for example, the occurrence of punishment (A-) versus punishment termination (-A): A- training results in aversive memory, but -A training in appetitive memory (corresponding effects exist for reward occurrence and termination). Whereas learning through the occurrence of punishment is well studied, much less is known about learning through its termination. Current research investigates how dopaminergic system function contributes to these processes in Drosophila, rats and humans. We argue that dopamine-related psychopathology may entail distortions in learning through punishment termination, and that this may contribute, for example, to non-suicidal self-injury or post-traumatic stress disorder.
There is an urgent need for therapies that could reduce the disease burden of preterm hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Here, we evaluate the long-term effects of multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPC) on long-term behavioral outcomes in a preterm rat model of perinatal asphyxia. Rats of both sexes were treated with two doses of MAPCs within 24 h after the insult. Locomotor, cognitive and psychiatric impairments were evaluated starting at 1.5 (juvenile) and 6 months (adult). Hypoxia-ischemia affected locomotion, cognition, and anxiety in a sex-dependent manner, with higher vulnerability observed in males. The MAPC therapy partially attenuated deficits in object recognition memory in females of all tested ages, and in the adult males. The hypoxic insult caused delayed hyperactivity in adult males, which was corrected by MAPC therapy. These results suggest that MAPCs may have long-term benefits for neurodevelopmental outcome after preterm birth and global hypoxia-ischemia, which warrants further preclinical exploration.