Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (123)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (123)
Year of publication
- 1994 (123) (remove)
Document Type
- Journal article (123) (remove)
Language
- English (123) (remove)
Keywords
- Organische Chemie (13)
- Anorganische Chemie (12)
- Toxikologie (10)
- Biochemie (9)
- Physiologische Chemie (7)
- Chirurgie (6)
- Psychologie (5)
- Virologie (5)
- Immunologie (3)
- Medizin (3)
- Schizophrenie (3)
- signal transduction (3)
- Biologie (2)
- G proteins (2)
- Langerhans-Inseln (2)
- N-formyl peptides (2)
- Neurobiologie (2)
- enzyme activation (2)
- enzyme inhibitors (2)
- islets of Langerhans (2)
- swine (2)
- 1 (1)
- 2-Thiazaphospholidines (1)
- 2-chloro (1)
- 2-halo (1)
- 2-imino- (1)
- 3 (1)
- Abstandsmessung (1)
- Afferent nerve stimulation (1)
- Ageing (1)
- Ant-plant interactions ; Herbivory Macaranga ; Mutualism ; Myrmecophytes (1)
- Association study (1)
- Automatization (1)
- Aziridines (1)
- B 37 CAG repeat locus (1)
- Bioorganosilicon chemistry (1)
- Bombesin ; Bombesin receptor ; Chromosomal localization (1)
- Brain mappins (1)
- Bromodeoxyuridine labeling (1)
- CNS infection (1)
- Capsaicin (1)
- Carcinogenic potency (1)
- Chemotactic receptors (1)
- Chromosome aberration (1)
- Cutaneous hyperemia (1)
- Deletion analysis (1)
- Diethylstilbestrol (1)
- ED2 (1)
- Endothelzelle (1)
- Event-related potential (1)
- Event-related potentials (1)
- Flow cytometry (1)
- Genom / Genkartierung / Genanalyse (1)
- Geographie (1)
- Germanium (1)
- Halbleiter (1)
- Harold Garnet Callan (1)
- Hexocyclium/sila-hexocyclium derivatives (1)
- Hoechst 33258 dye (1)
- Human entorhinal area (1)
- Huntington's disease . Human cerebral cortex (1)
- II-VI semiconductor (1)
- Imidates (1)
- Imidoyl halides (1)
- Interieukin-1ß (1)
- Interleukin-4 (1)
- Japankärpfling (1)
- Kristallstruktur (1)
- Lambda5-Germanate (1)
- Lateralitity (1)
- Laterality (1)
- Ligand <Biochemie> (1)
- MV receptor (1)
- MV transcription (1)
- Mental arithmetic (1)
- Micronucleus formation (1)
- Micronucleus test (1)
- Motor neuron disease; Ciliary neurotrophic factor; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Animal models; Neurotrophic factors (1)
- Muscarinic antagonist (1)
- Muscarinic receptor subtype (1)
- Mutagenicity assay (1)
- Mutation screening (1)
- N-CAM (1)
- NMR (1)
- Nephroblastoma (1)
- Neurogenie inflammation (1)
- Neurone number (1)
- Niger (1)
- Nitric oxide (NO) (1)
- P300 (1)
- P300 topography (1)
- Poeciliid fish (1)
- Practice (1)
- Problem size (1)
- Proteine (1)
- SSCP analysis (1)
- Schizophrenia (1)
- Sensitivity (1)
- Sila-biperiden (1)
- Silanol (1)
- Silicate (1)
- Silicon (1)
- Stereology (1)
- Striatum (1)
- Strukturanalyse (1)
- Sulfoxide (1)
- Sulfur (1)
- Sulphur (1)
- Teichläufer (1)
- Tin (1)
- Transgenie mice (1)
- Tumor (1)
- Tumor suppressor gene (1)
- Von Willebrand factor (1)
- WTI (1)
- Wasserläufer (1)
- Weibull type density (1)
- Willebrand-Faktor (1)
- Wilms' tumor (1)
- Zell-Adhäsionsmolekül (1)
- Zinc finger gene (1)
- afferent nerve stimulation (1)
- asymptotic sufficiency (1)
- binding/functional correlations (1)
- bone morphogenetic proteins (1)
- brain (1)
- calc-silicate rocks; fluid behaviour; P-T path; reaction textures; Variscan basement; very high-pressure metamorphism (1)
- calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) (1)
- capsaicin (1)
- cartilage induction (1)
- chemotactic receptors (1)
- chiral (1)
- chromosome 12 (1)
- ciliary neuron (1)
- ciliary neurotrophic factor (1)
- continuous (1)
- cutaneous hyperaemia (1)
- cytokines (1)
- desensitization (1)
- electroeneephalography (1)
- electrostatic potential (1)
- embryo (1)
- evoked potentials (1)
- hematopoietic receptors (1)
- high-order finite element (1)
- homologous recombination (1)
- human growth factor (1)
- immunofluorescence (1)
- interleukins (1)
- intermediate order statistics (1)
- lnterleukin-lβ (1)
- local asymptotic normality (1)
- male size polymorphism (1)
- membrane skeleton (1)
- mode matching method (1)
- molecular recognition (1)
- motoneuron (1)
- mouse (1)
- muscarinic receptor antagonists (1)
- muscarinic receptor subtypes (1)
- neurogenic infiammation (1)
- neutralizing antibodies (1)
- non-racemic (1)
- nonneuronaI cells (1)
- o-methoxy-sila-hexocyclium (1)
- pentacoordinate (1)
- periodic catatonia (1)
- proinfiammatory action (1)
- prostaglandins (1)
- protein structure (1)
- rats (1)
- receptor-G protein coupling (1)
- receptor-G protein coupling. (1)
- reproductive success (1)
- scattering characteristics (1)
- schizophrenia (1)
- sensitization of afferent nerve endings (1)
- sialic acid (1)
- structure/ affinity relationships (1)
- unwindase (1)
- water strider (1)
- xenogeneic transplantation (1)
- xenogenic transplantation (1)
- zwitterionic (1)
Institute
- Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften (31)
- Institut für Organische Chemie (15)
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie (13)
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie (10)
- Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie (10)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik I) (9)
- Physikalisches Institut (6)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (5)
- Institut für Klinische Neurobiologie (4)
- Institut für Psychologie (3)
1 We have compared the binding properties of several hexocyclium and sila-hexocyclium derivatives to muscarinic Ml receptors (in rat brain, human neuroblastoma (NB-OK I) cells and calf superior cervical ganglia), rat heart M2 receptors, rat pancreas M3 receptors and M4 receptors in rat striatum, with their functional antimuscarinic properties in rabbit vas deferens (Ml/M4-like), guinea-pig atria (M2), and guinea-pig ileum (M3) muscarinic receptors.
2 Si la-substitution (C/Si exchange) of hexocyclium (~ sila-hexocyclium) and demethyl-hexocyclium (~demethyl-sila-hexocyclium) did not significantly affect their affinities for muscarinic receptors. By contrast, sila-substitution of demethoxy-hexocyclium increased its affinity 2 to 3 fold for all the muscarinic receptor subtypes studied.
3 The p-fluoro- and p-chloro-derivatives of sila-hexocyclium had lower affinities than the parent
compound at the four receptor subtypes, in binding and pharmacological studies.
4 In binding studies, o-methoxy-sila-hexocyclium (Ml = M4 ~ M3 ~ M2) had a much lower affinity than sila-hexocyclium for the four receptor subtypes, and discriminated the receptor subtypes more poorly than sila-hexocyclium (Ml = M3> M4> M2)' This is in marked contrast with the very clear selectivity of demethoxy-sila-hexocyclium for the prejunctional MtlM4-like heteroreceptors in rabbit vas deferens.
5 The tertiary amines demethyl-hexocyclium, demethyl-sila-hexocyclium and demethyl-o-methoxy-silahexocyclium had 10 to 30 fold lower affinities than the corresponding quaternary ammonium derivatives.
Isolation of Islets of Langerhans: Improvement of the Isolation Technique Using the Pig Model.
(1994)
During the last view years, interest in pancreatic islet transplantation for the cure of type I diabetes has increased markedly. A serious barrier to clinical islet transplantation is the isolation of a sufficient mass of viable and functional islets. We used a porcine islet isolation model to examine various parameters of the isolation procedure and to improve isolation technique.
Ligand-dependent tumor induction in medakafish embryos by a Xmrk receptor tyrosine kinase transgene
(1994)
Xmrk encodes a subclass 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) which has been cloned from the melanomainducing locus Tu of the poeciliid fish Xiphophorus. To demonstrate a high oncogenic potential in vivo we transferred the gene into early embryos of the closely related medakafish. Ectopic expression of the Xmrk oncogene under the control of a strong, constitutive promoter (CMVTk) led to the induction of embryonic tumors with high incidence, after short latency periods, and with a specific pattern of affected tissues. We demonstrate ligand-dependent transformation in vivo using a chimeric receptor consisting of the extracellular and transmembrane domains of the human EGF receptor (HER) and the cytoplasmatic domain of Xmrk. Expression of the chimeric receptor alone does not lead to ldnase activation or induction of tumors. Coexpression of the chimera with its corresponding ligand, human transforming growth factor alpha (bTGF(X), however, results in the activation of the chimeric RTK. In injected fish embryos the induction of the neoplastic growth is observed with similar incidence and tissue distribution as in embryos carrying the native Xmrk oncogene suggesting that the ligand as well as factors downstream of tbe RTK are required for tumor formation. In this study we show single-step induction of tumors by ectopic expression of RTKs in vivo substantiating tbe significance of autocrine stimulation in RTK induced tumors in vertebrales.
The intercellular adhesion of circulating leukocytes to vascular endothellum ls a prerequisite for leukocyte emigration from the blood to extravascular tlssues. This process is facllltated by adhesion molecules on the surfaces of both the vascular endothelial cells and the leukocytes. The experiments presented here demonstrate for the first time that the leukocyte adhesion receptor, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, is constitutively expressed on cultured cerebromicrovascular endothelial cell lines derived from both spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats and normotensive WistarKyoto (WKY) rats. Both cultures contained simliar numbers of cells constitutively expressing this adhesion molecule (31.4% and 29.6%, respectlvely). Adhesion molecule expression was up-regulated by interleukin-1 ß, tumor necrosis factor-a, interferon-y and lipopolysaccharide in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Both cultures exhibited similar maximum levels of adhesion molecule up-regulation to optimal concentrations of all three cytokines. However, SHR endothelial cells were moresensitive to all three cytokines; significantly higher levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expresslon were seen on SHR as opposed to WKY endothelial cells cultured with sub-optimal cytokine concentrations. It was also observed that lipopolysaccharide up-regulated intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on SHR endothelial cells to a greater extent than on WKY endothelial cells.
The findings that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 can be up-regulated to a greater degree on SHR endothelial cells may have important implications for in vivo perivascular leukocyte accumulation under hypertensive conditions. These observations indicate a possible mechanism by which hypertension may predispose to the development of disorders such as atherosclerosis and stroke.
The numbers of monocytes and macrophages in the walls of cerebral blood vessels were counted on perfusion-fixed frozen brain sections (16 JLffi) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), stroke-prone SHR (SHR-SP), normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, and young (16-week-old) and old (2-year-old) normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats (SD-l6w and SD-2y, respectively) using monoclonal antiborlies against rat macrophages (ED2). The staining was visualized with fluoresceinlabeled second antiborlies. The ED2-specific staining in brain sections was restricted to macrophages in a perivascular location. The number of perivascular cells per square millimeter of high-power field was significantly greater in SHR-SP (8.6 ± 2.1; n = 4) and SHR (6. 7 ± 0.9; n = 6) than in normotensive WKY (4.0 ± 0.5; n = 6; p <0.01). The number of perivascular macrophages was also greater in SD-2y (7.5 ± 2.7; n = 9) than in SD-l6w (2.9 ± 1.8; n = 8; p < 0.01). No ED2 staining was found in the resident microglia or in the endothelial cells, which were identified by double staining with rhodamine-labeled anti-factor VIII-related antigen antiborlies. The results suggest that the stroke risk factors hypertension and advanced age are associated with increased subendothelial accumulation of monocytes and macrophages. This accumulation could increase the tendency for the endothelium to convert from an anticoagulant to a procoagulant surface in response to mediators released from these subendothelial cells.
The sattering characteristics ot the n-VI semiconductors were analyzed by a method which combines the second-order finite-element method with the rigorous mode matching procedure. The method avolds the difficulty of solving the complex transcendental equation introduced in the multimode network method and calculates all the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions simultaneously which are needed for the mode matching treatment in the longitudinal direction. As a result, the whole solution procedure is significantly simplified. A comparison is given between the experimental data and the calculated results obtained with this analysis and tbe network method. Very good agreement has been achieved, the accuracy and efficiency of the present method are thus verified.
In addition to its tumor-promoting activity in honnone-receptive tissue, the carcinogenic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) has been found to induce cell transformation, aneuploidy and micronucleus formation in mammalian cells. The majority of these micronuclei contained whole chromosomes and were fonned during mitosis. Here a possible relationship between a disturbance in cell cycle progression and micronucleus fonnation is investigated by exposing Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells to DES. Continuous bromodeoxyuridine labeling followed by bivariate Hoechst 33258/ethidium bromide flow cytometry was employed for analysis of cell cycle transit and related to the time course of micronucleus formation. Treatment of SHE cells with DES resulted in delayed and impaired cell activation (exit from the GO/G 1 phase), impaired S-phase transit and, mainly, G2-phase traverse. Cells forming micronuclei, on the other hand, were predominantly in G2 phase during DES treatment. These results suggest that impairment of Sand G2 transit may involve a process ultimately leading to micronucleus formation.
Professor Harold Gamet Callan, honorary member of the German Society for Cell Biology, died on the 3rd November 1993, at the age of 76. His name is inseparably connected with lampbrush chromosomes, the most spectacular and aesthetically ailuring form of chromosomes, which occupied the major part of his scientific career. " Mick" Callan's pioneering studies led to fruitful new concepts, served as a building block for many subsequent studies by others, and contributed enormously to our current understanding of chromosome organization and activity ...