Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (70)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (70)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Journal article (64)
- Doctoral Thesis (6)
Keywords
- ischemic stroke (6)
- cochlear implantation (3)
- mechanical thrombectomy (3)
- neutrophils (3)
- thrombo-inflammation (3)
- 3D fluoroscopy (2)
- Childhood medulloblastoma (2)
- Clinical Neuroradiology (2)
- Kernspintomografie (2)
- Pädiatrie (2)
- Radiotherapy (2)
- acute ischemic stroke (2)
- aortic arch (2)
- atherosclerosis (2)
- cerebellar tDCS (2)
- chemotherapy (2)
- cognitive impairment (2)
- editorial (2)
- fpVCT (2)
- immunohistochemistry (2)
- intracranial bleeding (2)
- intraoperative imaging (2)
- ischemic penumbra (2)
- magnetic resonance imaging (2)
- middle cerebral artery occlusion (2)
- mouse (2)
- multiple sclerosis (2)
- neurology (2)
- radiotherapy (2)
- split-belt treadmill (2)
- stroke (2)
- surgery (2)
- temporal bone (2)
- three-dimensional imaging (2)
- 3 D rotational fluoroscopy (1)
- 3D analysis (1)
- 4D flow (1)
- 4D flow MRI (1)
- APERIO (1)
- APERIO Hybrid (1)
- AQP4 (1)
- AT/RT (1)
- Activation (1)
- Adolescents (1)
- Alemtuzumab (1)
- Alzheimer’s dementia (1)
- Anwenderfreundlichkeit (1)
- Atherosclerosis, intracranial arteries (1)
- B cells (1)
- B7-H1 Antigen (1)
- Blutstillung (1)
- Brain atrophy (1)
- CD19 (1)
- CD52 (1)
- CDL (1)
- CMR (1)
- CNS (1)
- CNS imaging (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- CT (1)
- CTLA-4 Antigen (1)
- CXCL4 (1)
- CXCL7 (1)
- Chemotherapy (1)
- Childrens-cancer (1)
- Chronic heart failure (1)
- Cisplatin (1)
- Clinical Genetics (1)
- Clinical trial (1)
- Cochlear duct length (1)
- Cochlear planning software (1)
- Cochlear-Implantat (1)
- Cognitive decline (1)
- Computertomografie (1)
- Covid-19 (1)
- DWI (1)
- Down-regulation (1)
- Druckverband (1)
- Druckverbände (1)
- Drug Therapy, Combination (1)
- EAE (1)
- EU‐RHAB Registry (1)
- Enhancement (1)
- Ependymom (1)
- Ependymoma (1)
- Extraocular eye muscles (1)
- Fabry disease (1)
- Fibroblasts (1)
- GFAP (1)
- Gene (1)
- Glial fibrillary acidic protein (1)
- Gliom (1)
- Großgefäßverschluss (1)
- HD (1)
- HMGB1 (1)
- High-dose chemotherapy (1)
- Hirnkrankheit / Ischämie (1)
- Hirntumor (1)
- Induced apoptosis (1)
- Intrakranielle Blutung (1)
- Kinder (1)
- Kinderheilkunde (1)
- Kontrastmittel (1)
- Lines (1)
- MPI (1)
- MPS (1)
- MR neurography (1)
- MRI (1)
- MS (1)
- MSCT (1)
- MTX (1)
- Medulloblastoma (1)
- Melanoma-cells (1)
- Memory dysfunction (1)
- Meniere’s disease (1)
- Metastases (1)
- Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIa (1)
- NAP-2 (1)
- NETs (1)
- NMOSD (1)
- NOAC (1)
- Neuroradiologie (1)
- Neuroradiology (1)
- Orai2 (1)
- PET/CT (1)
- PF4 (1)
- PWV (1)
- Paediatric (1)
- Paediatrics (1)
- Parkinson’s disease (1)
- Patientenfreundlichkeit (1)
- Phase II trials (1)
- Phase-II (1)
- Preoperative radiological diagnostics (1)
- Primitive neuroectodermal (1)
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor (1)
- Prophylaxe (1)
- Präoperative radiologische Diagnostik (1)
- Pseudoprogress (1)
- R-CHOP (1)
- Recurrent medulloblastoma (1)
- Reirradiation (1)
- Relapse (1)
- Rhabdoid 2007 (1)
- Rhabdomyosarcoma (1)
- Schlaganfall (1)
- Schütteltrauma (1)
- Secondary tumours (1)
- Skin Neoplasms (1)
- Strahlentherapie (1)
- Studie (1)
- Suprascapular nerve (1)
- Survival (1)
- T-cells (1)
- Therapy (1)
- Treatment (1)
- Trial (1)
- Tumors (1)
- Vergleich (1)
- Vitamin-K-Mangel-Blutung (1)
- WSS (1)
- adverse events (1)
- age (1)
- anatomy (1)
- aneurysm (1)
- aneurysm surgery (1)
- angiography (1)
- arterielle Blutgasanalyse (1)
- balance (1)
- biochemical assays (1)
- biomarker (1)
- biomedical engineering (1)
- blood–brain barrier (1)
- bone imaging (1)
- brain cancer (1)
- brain endothelium (1)
- carotid atherosclerosis (1)
- carotid stenosis (1)
- carotid ultrasound (1)
- case report (1)
- cerebral ischemia (1)
- cerebral vasospasm (1)
- cerebrovascular disorders (1)
- cervical dystonia (1)
- characterization and analytical techniques (1)
- chemokines (1)
- childhood cancer (1)
- children (1)
- cholinergic activity (1)
- chronic heart failure (1)
- classification (1)
- clinical trials (1)
- clip control (1)
- cluster analysis (1)
- collateral circulation (1)
- comparison (1)
- compression syndrome (1)
- computed tomography (1)
- consolidation (1)
- continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) (1)
- contrast (1)
- cortical excitability (1)
- cortical silent period (1)
- crosslinked coating (1)
- degree of stenosis (1)
- diabetic polyneuropathy (1)
- diagnosis (1)
- diagnosis in Fabry disease (1)
- diagnostic delay (1)
- diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (1)
- disease risk-factors (1)
- dorsal root ganglion (1)
- editorial board (1)
- edoxaban (1)
- electrical and electronic engineering (1)
- electromagnetic navigation (1)
- electromyographic (1)
- encephalopathy (1)
- endoglin (1)
- endotheliitis (1)
- experimental stroke (1)
- facial nerve (1)
- fibromyalgia syndrome (1)
- fiducial registration error (1)
- flexible CO2 laser (1)
- flow (1)
- flow dynamics (1)
- fluoroscopy (1)
- frameless systems (1)
- functional MRI (1)
- gait (1)
- gene variant (1)
- genotype-phenotype correlation (1)
- genotype/phenotype correlation (1)
- german multicenter (1)
- giant cell arteritis (1)
- glial fibrillary acidic protein (1)
- glycoprotein VI (1)
- glycoprotein receptor Ib (1)
- glycoprotein receptor Ibα (1)
- guality-of-life (1)
- heart failure (1)
- hemorrhagic transformation (1)
- hepatitis B virus (1)
- hypoxia (1)
- image quality (1)
- imaging (1)
- imaging agents (1)
- imaging changes (1)
- inebilizumab (1)
- integrin α2 (1)
- intensity of attention (1)
- interelectrode-distance (1)
- intraoperative (1)
- intraventricular therapy (1)
- ischämischer Schlaganfall (1)
- journal (1)
- jugular paraganglioma (1)
- large artery vasculitis (1)
- large vessel occlusion (1)
- laser surgery (1)
- lateral skull base (1)
- length of stenosis (1)
- leukocytes (1)
- levodopa-induced dyskinesia (1)
- locomotor adaptation (1)
- long-term survivors (1)
- longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (1)
- low-grade glioma (1)
- lymphoma (1)
- lysosomal storage disease (1)
- magnetic properties (1)
- magnetic properties and materials (1)
- magnetic resonance neurography (1)
- mapping (1)
- mass index (1)
- mechanische Thrombektomie (1)
- medical imaging (1)
- medulloblastoma (1)
- mice (1)
- microscopy (1)
- motor-evoked potentials (MEP) (1)
- nanoparticles (1)
- neck circumference (1)
- neurofilament light chain (1)
- neurological complications (1)
- neuropathic pain (1)
- neuropathy (1)
- neurosurgery (1)
- neurovascular disorders (1)
- niedriggradig maligne hirneigene Tumore (1)
- niedrigmaligne (1)
- onset craniopharyngioma (1)
- ophthalmic artery (1)
- optic nerve (1)
- optic neuritis (1)
- orbit (1)
- otology (1)
- outcome (1)
- p.R245H (1)
- p.S298P (1)
- patient comfort (1)
- pediatric brain tumor (1)
- pediatric low‐grade glioma (1)
- peripheral nerve involvement (1)
- peripheral nervous system (1)
- phosphorylated tau protein (1)
- plaque (1)
- plaque characteristics (1)
- platelets (1)
- post-processing (1)
- pressure bandages (1)
- prognosis (1)
- progression (1)
- prophylaxis (1)
- proton beam therapy (1)
- pulse wave velocity (1)
- quantification (1)
- radial (1)
- radiatio (1)
- re-irradiation (1)
- recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (1)
- recurrent (1)
- refractory (1)
- renal function (1)
- reperfusion injury (1)
- research activity (1)
- risk of fall (1)
- saccotomy (1)
- secondary reconstruction (1)
- self-navigation (1)
- seronegative (1)
- shaken baby syndrome (1)
- shedding (1)
- shoulder neurolysis (1)
- software (1)
- stent-retriever device (1)
- stereotaxy (1)
- study (1)
- subarachnoid hemorrhage (1)
- subcutaneous adipose-tissue (1)
- suprascapular notch (1)
- surgical management of paraganglioma (1)
- tMCAO (1)
- thrombemboli (1)
- thromboemboli (1)
- to-height ratio (1)
- tomography (1)
- transcranial magnetic simulation (TMS) (1)
- transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (1)
- tympanic paraganglioma (1)
- tympanojugular paraganglioma (1)
- user convenience (1)
- vasa vasorum (1)
- vertebral artery (1)
- vessel diameter (1)
- vessel patency (1)
- vestibular aqueduct (VA) (1)
- visceral adiposity (1)
- vitamin k deficiency bleeding (1)
- wall shear stress (1)
- zerebrale Ischämie (1)
Institute
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Neuroradiologie (ehem. Abteilung für Neuroradiologie) (70) (remove)
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
Growth, ageing and atherosclerotic plaque development alter the biomechanical forces acting on the vessel wall. However, monitoring the detailed local changes in wall shear stress (WSS) at distinct sites of the murine aortic arch over time has been challenging. Here, we studied the temporal and spatial changes in flow, WSS, oscillatory shear index (OSI) and elastic properties of healthy wildtype (WT, n = 5) and atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe\(^{−/−}\), n = 6) mice during ageing and atherosclerosis using high-resolution 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Spatially resolved 2D projection maps of WSS and OSI of the complete aortic arch were generated, allowing the pixel-wise statistical analysis of inter- and intragroup hemodynamic changes over time and local correlations between WSS, pulse wave velocity (PWV), plaque and vessel wall characteristics. The study revealed converse differences of local hemodynamic profiles in healthy WT and atherosclerotic Apoe\(^{−/−}\) mice, and we identified the circumferential WSS as potential marker of plaque size and composition in advanced atherosclerosis and the radial strain as a potential marker for vascular elasticity. Two-dimensional (2D) projection maps of WSS and OSI, including statistical analysis provide a powerful tool to monitor local aortic hemodynamics during ageing and atherosclerosis. The correlation of spatially resolved hemodynamics and plaque characteristics could significantly improve our understanding of the impact of hemodynamics on atherosclerosis, which may be key to understand plaque progression towards vulnerability.
Background
Mobile 3D fluoroscopes have become increasingly available in neurosurgical operating rooms. In this series, the image quality and value of intraoperative 3D fluoroscopy with intravenous contrast agent for the evaluation of aneurysm occlusion and vessel patency after clip placement was assessed in patients who underwent surgery for intracranial aneurysms.
Materials and methods
Twelve patients were included in this retrospective analysis. Prior to surgery, a 360° rotational fluoroscopy scan was performed without contrast agent followed by another scan with 50 ml of intravenous iodine contrast agent. The image files of both scans were transferred to an Apple PowerMac® workstation, subtracted and reconstructed using OsiriX® free software. The procedure was repeated after clip placement. Both image sets were compared for assessment of aneurysm occlusion and vessel patency.
Results
Image acquisition and contrast administration caused no adverse effects. Image quality was sufficient to follow the patency of the vessels distal to the clip. Metal artifacts reduce the assessability of the immediate vicinity of the clip. Precise image subtraction and post-processing can reduce metal artifacts and make the clip-site assessable and depict larger neck-remnants.
Conclusion
This technique quickly supplies images at adequate quality to evaluate distal vessel patency after aneurysm clipping. Significant aneurysm remnants may be depicted as well. As it does not require visual control of all vessels that are supposed to be evaluated intraoperatively, this technique may be complementary to other intraoperative tools like indocyanine green videoangiography and micro-Doppler, especially for the assessment of larger aneurysms. At the momentary state of this technology, it cannot replace postoperative conventional angiography. However, 3D fluoroscopy and image post-processing are young technologies. Further technical developments are likely to result in improved image quality.
Background
Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (Sanfilippo syndrome) is a lysosomal storage disorder, caused by a deficiency in the heparan-N-sulfatase enzyme involved in the catabolism of the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate. It is characterized by early nonspecific neuropsychiatric symptoms, followed by progressive neurocognitive impairment in combination with only mild somatic features. In this patient group with a broad clinical spectrum a significant genotype-phenotype correlation with some mutations leading to a slower progressive, attenuated course has been demonstrated.
Case presentation
Our patient had complications in the neonatal period and was diagnosed with Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIa only at the age of 28 years. He was compound heterozygous for the variants p.R245H and p.S298P, the latter having been shown to lead to a significantly milder phenotype.
Conclusions
The diagnostic delay is even more prolonged in this patient population with comorbidities and a slowly progressive course of the disease.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) may cause variable functional impairment. The discrepancy between functional impairment and brain imaging findings in patients with MS (PwMS) might be attributed to differential adaptive and consolidation capacities. Modulating those abilities could contribute to a favorable clinical course of the disease.
Objectives: We examined the effect of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (c-tDCS) on locomotor adaptation and consolidation in PwMS using a split-belt treadmill (SBT) paradigm.
Methods: 40 PwMS and 30 matched healthy controls performed a locomotor adaptation task on a SBT. First, we assessed locomotor adaptation in PwMS. In a second investigation, this training was followed by cerebellar anodal tDCS applied immediately after the task ipsilateral to the fast leg (T0). The SBT paradigm was repeated 24 h (T1) and 78 h (T2) post-stimulation to evaluate consolidation.
Results: The gait dynamics and adaptation on the SBT were comparable between PwMS and controls. We found no effects of offline cerebellar anodal tDCS on locomotor adaptation and consolidation. Participants who received the active stimulation showed the same retention index than sham-stimulated subjects at T1 (p = 0.33) and T2 (p = 0.46).
Conclusion: Locomotor adaptation is preserved in people with mild-to-moderate MS. However, cerebellar anodal tDCS applied immediately post-training does not further enhance this ability. Future studies should define the neurobiological substrates of maintained plasticity in PwMS and how these substrates can be manipulated to improve compensation. Systematic assessments of methodological variables for cerebellar tDCS are urgently needed to increase the consistency and replicability of the results across experiments in various settings.
Background:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) for which several new treatment options were recently introduced. Among them is the monoclonal anti-CD52 antibody alemtuzumab that depletes mainly B cells and T cells in the immune periphery. Considering the ongoing controversy about the involvement of B cells and in particular the formation of B cell aggregates in the brains of progressive MS patients, an in-depth understanding of the effects of anti-CD52 antibody treatment on the B cell compartment in the CNS itself is desirable.
Methods:
We used myelin basic protein (MBP)-proteolipid protein (PLP)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6 (B6) mice as B cell-dependent model of MS. Mice were treated intraperitoneally either at the peak of EAE or at 60 days after onset with 200 μg murine anti-CD52 vs. IgG2a isotype control antibody for five consecutive days. Disease was subsequently monitored for 10 days. The antigen-specific B cell/antibody response was measured by ELISPOT and ELISA. Effects on CNS infiltration and B cell aggregation were determined by immunohistochemistry. Neurodegeneration was evaluated by Luxol Fast Blue, SMI-32, and Olig2/APC staining as well as by electron microscopy and phosphorylated heavy neurofilament serum ELISA.
Results:
Treatment with anti-CD52 antibody attenuated EAE only when administered at the peak of disease. While there was no effect on the production of MP4-specific IgG, the treatment almost completely depleted CNS infiltrates and B cell aggregates even when given as late as 60 days after onset. On the ultrastructural level, we observed significantly less axonal damage in the spinal cord and cerebellum in chronic EAE after anti-CD52 treatment.
Conclusion:
Anti-CD52 treatment abrogated B cell infiltration and disrupted existing B cell aggregates in the CNS.
This proof of concept describes the use of evoked electromyographic (EMG) activation of the facial nerve for intraoperative monitoring of the electrode insertion during cochlear implantation (CI). Intraoperative EMG measurements from the facial nerve were conducted in nine patients undergoing CI implantation. Electric current pulses were emitted from contacts on the CI array during and immediately after electrode insertion. For control, the results of EMG measurements were compared to postoperative flat panel volume computed tomography scans with secondary reconstruction (fpVCT\(_{SECO}\)). During insertion, the EMG response evoked by the electrical stimulation from the CI was growing with the stimulating contact approaching the facial nerve and declined with increasing distance. After full insertion, contacts on the apical half of the CI array stimulated higher EMG responses compared with those on the basal half. Comparison with postoperative imaging demonstrated that electrode contacts stimulating high EMG responses had the shortest distances to the facial nerve. It could be demonstrated that electrically evoked EMG activation of the facial nerve can be used to monitor the progress during CI electrode insertion and to control the intracochlear electrode position after full insertion.
During ischemic stroke, infarct growth before recanalization diminishes functional outcome. Hence, adjunct treatment options to protect the ischemic penumbra before recanalization are eagerly awaited. In experimental stroke targeting two different pathways conferred protection from penumbral tissue loss: (1) enhancement of hypoxic tolerance of neurons by deletion of the calcium channel subunit Orai2 and (2) blocking of detrimental lymphocyte–platelet responses. However, until now, no preclinical stroke study has assessed the potential of combining neuroprotective with anti-thrombo-inflammatory interventions to augment therapeutic effects. We induced focal cerebral ischemia in Orai2-deficient (Orai2\(^{-/-}\)) mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Animals were treated with anti-glycoprotein Ib alpha (GPIbα) Fab fragments (p0p/B Fab) blocking GPIbα–von Willebrand factor (vWF) interactions. Rat immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fab was used as the control treatment. The extent of infarct growth before recanalization was assessed at 4 h after MCAO. Moreover, infarct volumes were determined 6 h after recanalization (occlusion time: 4 h). Orai2 deficiency significantly halted cerebral infarct progression under occlusion. Inhibition of platelet GPIbα further reduced primary infarct growth in Orai2\(^{-/-}\) mice. During ischemia–reperfusion, upon recanalization, mice were likewise protected. All in all, we show that neuroprotection in Orai2\(^{-/-}\) mice can be augmented by targeting thrombo-inflammation. This supports the clinical development of combined neuroprotective/anti-platelet strategies in hyper-acute stroke.
Background:
To study whether and how c-MYC expression determines response to radio-and chemotherapy in childhood medulloblastoma (MB).
Methods:
We used DAOY and UW228 human MB cells engineered to stably express different levels of c-MYC, and tested whether c-MYC expression has an effect on radio-and chemosensitivity using the colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium inner salt (MTS) assay, clonogenic survival, apoptosis assays, cell cycle analysis, and western blot assessment. In an effort to validate our results, we analyzed c-MYC mRNA expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples from well-documented patients with postoperative residual tumor and compared c-MYC mRNA expression with response to radio-and chemotherapy as examined by neuroradiological imaging.
Results:
In DAOY -and to a lesser extent in UW228 -cells expressing high levels of c-MYC, the cytotoxicity of cisplatin, and etoposide was significantly higher when compared with DAOY/UW228 cells expressing low levels of c-MYC. Irradiation-and chemotherapy-induced apoptotic cell death was enhanced in DAOY cells expressing high levels of c-MYC. The response of 62 of 66 residual tumors was evaluable and response to postoperative radio-(14 responders (CR, PR) vs. 5 non-responders (SD, PD)) or chemotherapy (23 CR/PR vs. 20 SD/PD) was assessed. c-MYC mRNA expression was similar in primary MB samples of responders and non-responders (Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.50, ratio 0.49, 95% CI 0.008-30.0 and p = 0.67, ratio 1.8, 95% CI 0.14-23.5, respectively).
Conclusions:
c-MYC sensitizes MB cells to some anti-cancer treatments in vitro. As we failed to show evidence for such an effect on postoperative residual tumors when analyzed by imaging, additional investigations in xenografts and larger MB cohorts may help to define the exact function of c-MYC in modulating response to treatment.
Objective: To investigate the association between levodopa‐induced dyskinesias and striatal cholinergic activity in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Methods: This study included 13 Parkinson's disease patients with peak‐of‐dose levodopa‐induced dyskinesias, 12 nondyskinetic patients, and 12 healthy controls. Participants underwent 5‐[\(^{123}\)I]iodo‐3‐[2(S)‐2‐azetidinylmethoxy]pyridine single‐photon emission computed tomography, a marker of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, [\(^{123}\)I]N‐ω‐fluoropropyl‐2β‐carbomethoxy‐3β‐(4‐iodophenyl)nortropane single‐photon emission computed tomography, to measure dopamine reuptake transporter density and 2‐[\(^{18}\)F]fluoro‐2‐deoxyglucose positron emission tomography to assess regional cerebral metabolic activity. Striatal binding potentials, uptake values at basal ganglia structures, and correlations with clinical variables were analyzed.
Results: Density of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the caudate nucleus of dyskinetic subjects was similar to that of healthy controls and significantly higher to that of nondyskinetic patients, in particular, contralaterally to the clinically most affected side.
Interpretation: Our findings support the hypothesis that the expression of dyskinesia may be related to cholinergic neuronal excitability in a dopaminergic‐depleted striatum. Cholinergic signaling would play a role in maintaining striatal dopaminergic responsiveness, possibly defining disease phenotype and progression.