Refine
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (1228) (remove)
Year of publication
- 2020 (1228) (remove)
Document Type
- Journal article (639)
- Doctoral Thesis (487)
- Complete part of issue (49)
- Working Paper (10)
- Book (8)
- Preprint (8)
- Master Thesis (6)
- Report (6)
- Review (4)
- Bachelor Thesis (3)
Language
- English (799)
- German (426)
- Multiple languages (2)
- French (1)
Keywords
- Würzburg (49)
- Wuerzburg (48)
- Wurzburg (48)
- University (47)
- Universität (47)
- multiple myeloma (12)
- boron (10)
- Herzinsuffizienz (8)
- depression (8)
- machine learning (8)
Institute
- Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften (131)
- Graduate School of Life Sciences (85)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II (61)
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie (60)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I (49)
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (45)
- Universität - Fakultätsübergreifend (45)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik I) (38)
- Institut für Organische Chemie (37)
- Institut für Psychologie (37)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie (ab 2004) (37)
- Lehrstuhl für Orthopädie (34)
- Institut für Informatik (30)
- Institut für Geographie und Geologie (28)
- Institut für Klinische Epidemiologie und Biometrie (28)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (28)
- Kinderklinik und Poliklinik (27)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie (27)
- Abteilung für Funktionswerkstoffe der Medizin und der Zahnheilkunde (26)
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie (Institut für Röntgendiagnostik) (25)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz (DZHI) (23)
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie (23)
- Physikalisches Institut (23)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfall-, Hand-, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik II) (22)
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie (20)
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften (20)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin (20)
- Institut für Mathematik (19)
- Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum (19)
- Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin (18)
- Institut für Anatomie und Zellbiologie (17)
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie (17)
- Institut für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie (16)
- Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie (15)
- Medizinische Fakultät (15)
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik (15)
- Pathologisches Institut (15)
- Institut für Humangenetik (14)
- Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie (14)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie (14)
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik (13)
- Institut für deutsche Philologie (13)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen (13)
- Institut für Experimentelle Biomedizin (11)
- Institut für Klinische Neurobiologie (10)
- Institut für Pädagogik (9)
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Neuroradiologie (ehem. Abteilung für Neuroradiologie) (9)
- Betriebswirtschaftliches Institut (8)
- Center for Computational and Theoretical Biology (8)
- Institut für Funktionsmaterialien und Biofabrikation (8)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (8)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie (8)
- Fakultät für Biologie (7)
- Institut für Politikwissenschaft und Soziologie (7)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Thorax-, Herz- u. Thorakale Gefäßchirurgie (7)
- Poliklinik für Zahnärztliche Prothetik (7)
- Institut Mensch - Computer - Medien (6)
- Institut für Sportwissenschaft (6)
- Physiologisches Institut (6)
- Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie (6)
- Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik (6)
- Frauenklinik und Poliklinik (5)
- Institut für Altertumswissenschaften (5)
- Institut für Kulturwissenschaften Ost- und Südasiens (5)
- Institut für Psychotherapie und Medizinische Psychologie (5)
- Institut für Rechtsmedizin (5)
- Missionsärztliche Klinik (5)
- Neuphilologisches Institut - Moderne Fremdsprachen (5)
- Abteilung für Parodontologie (in der Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung und Parodontologie) (4)
- Augenklinik und Poliklinik (4)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (4)
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin (4)
- Institut für Biblische Theologie (3)
- Institut für Geschichte der Medizin (3)
- Lehrstuhl für Molekulare Psychiatrie (3)
- Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung und Parodontologie (3)
- Sportzentrum (3)
- Universität Würzburg (3)
- Volkswirtschaftliches Institut (3)
- Abteilung für Molekulare Innere Medizin (in der Medizinischen Klinik und Poliklinik II) (2)
- Graduate School of Science and Technology (2)
- Graduate School of the Humanities (2)
- Institut für Geschichte (2)
- Institut für Internationales Recht, Europarecht und Europäisches Privatrecht (2)
- Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie (2)
- Institut für Kunstgeschichte (2)
- Institut für Philosophie (2)
- Institut für Systematische Theologie (2)
- Lehrstuhl für Biochemie (2)
- Philosophische Fakultät (Histor., philolog., Kultur- und geograph. Wissensch.) (2)
- Universitätsbibliothek (2)
- Abteilung für Forensische Psychiatrie (1)
- Fakultät für Humanwissenschaften (Philos., Psycho., Erziehungs- u. Gesell.-Wissensch.) (1)
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie (1)
- Graduate School of Law, Economics, and Society (1)
- Institut für Historische Theologie (1)
- Institut für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin und Hämotherapie (1)
- Institut für Medizinische Lehre und Ausbildungsforschung (1)
- Institut für Medizinische Strahlenkunde und Zellforschung (1)
- Institut für Praktische Theologie (1)
- Institut für Sonderpädagogik (1)
- Institut für Staats- und Verwaltungsrecht, Rechtsphilosophie (1)
- Institut für Systemimmunologie (1)
- Juristische Fakultät (1)
- Katholisch-Theologische Fakultät (1)
- Klinik und Polikliniken für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferkrankheiten (1)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät (1)
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
- DFG Forschungsgruppe 2757 / Lokale Selbstregelungen im Kontext schwacher Staatlichkeit in Antike und Moderne (LoSAM) (2)
- Siemens AG (2)
- Agricultural Center, BASF SE, 67117 Limburgerhof, Germany (1)
- Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz (1)
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Investigational Toxicology (1)
- Betriebsärztlicher Dienst der Universität Würzburg (1)
- Center of Excellence for Science and Technology - Integration of Mediterranean region (STIM), Faculty of Science, University of Split, Poljička cesta 35, 2100 Split, Croatia (1)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (1)
- Core Unit Systemmedizin (1)
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain (1)
MicroRNAs play a crucial role in eukaryotic gene regulation. For a long time, only little was known about microRNA-based gene regulatory mechanisms in polyploid animal genomes due to difficulties of polyploid genome assembly. However, in recent years, several polyploid genomes of fish, amphibian, and even invertebrate species have been sequenced and assembled. Here we investigated several key microRNA-associated genes in the recently sequenced sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) genome, whose lineage has undergone a whole genome duplication around 180 MYA. We show that two paralogs of drosha, dgcr8, xpo1, and xpo5 as well as most ago genes have been retained after the acipenserid-specific whole genome duplication, while ago1 and ago3 genes have lost one paralog. While most diploid vertebrates possess only a single copy of dicer1, we strikingly found four paralogs of this gene in the sterlet genome, derived from a tandem segmental duplication that occurred prior to the last whole genome duplication. ago1,3,4 and exportins1,5 look to be prone to additional segment duplications producing up to four-five paralog copies in ray-finned fishes. We demonstrate for the first time exon microsatellite amplification in the acipenserid drosha2 gene, resulting in a highly variable protein product, which may indicate sub- or neofunctionalization. Paralogous copies of most microRNA metabolism genes exhibit different expression profiles in various tissues and remain functional despite the rediploidization process. Subfunctionalization of microRNA processing gene paralogs may be beneficial for different pathways of microRNA metabolism. Genetic variability of microRNA processing genes may represent a substrate for natural selection, and, by increasing genetic plasticity, could facilitate adaptations to changing environments.
In the adult skeleton, bone remodeling is required to replace damaged bone and functionally adapt bone mass and structure according to the mechanical requirements. It is regulated by multiple endocrine and paracrine factors, including hormones and growth factors, which interact in a coordinated manner. Because the response of bone to mechanical signals is dependent on functional estrogen receptor (ER) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling and is impaired in postmenopausal osteoporosis by estrogen deficiency, it is of paramount importance to elucidate the underlying mechanisms as a basis for the development of new strategies in the treatment of osteoporosis. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the activation of the ligand-dependent ER and the Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathways on mechanically induced bone formation using ovariectomized mice as a model of postmenopausal bone loss. We demonstrated that both pathways interact in the regulation of bone mass adaption in response to mechanical loading and that the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling considerably increased mechanically induced bone formation, whereas the effects of estrogen treatment strictly depended on the estrogen status in the mice.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising in prevalence, and a better pathophysiologic understanding of the transition to its inflammatory phenotype (NASH) is key to the development of effective therapies. To evaluate the contribution of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream effectors IL-1 and IL-18 in this process, we applied the true-to-life “American lifestyle-induced obesity syndrome” (ALiOS) diet mouse model. Development of obesity, fatty liver and liver damage was investigated in mice fed for 24 weeks according to the ALiOS protocol. Lipidomic changes in mouse livers were compared to human NAFLD samples. Receptor knockout mice for IL-1 and IL-18 were used to dissect the impact of downstream signals of inflammasome activity on the development of NAFLD. The ALiOS diet induced obesity and liver steatosis. The lipidomic changes closely mimicked changes in human NAFLD. A pro-inflammatory gene expression pattern in liver tissue and increased serum liver transaminases indicated early liver damage in the absence of histological evidence of NASH. Mechanistically, Il-18r\(^{−/−}\)- but not Il-1r\(^{−/−}\) mice were protected from early liver damage, possibly due to silencing of the pro-inflammatory gene expression pattern. Our study identified NLRP3 activation and IL-18R-dependent signaling as potential modulators of early liver damage in NAFLD, preceding development of histologic NASH.
The growing tips of plants grow sterile; therefore, disease-free plants can be generated from them. How plants safeguard growing apices from pathogen infection is still a mystery. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) is one of the three stem cells niches that give rise to the above ground plant organs. This is very well explored; however, how signaling networks orchestrate immune responses against pathogen infections in the SAM remains unclear. To reconstruct a transcriptional framework of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) pertaining to various SAM cellular populations, we acquired large-scale transcriptome datasets from the public repository Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). We identify here distinct sets of genes for various SAM cellular populations that are enriched in immune functions, such as immune defense, pathogen infection, biotic stress, and response to salicylic acid and jasmonic acid and their biosynthetic pathways in the SAM. We further linked those immune genes to their respective proteins and identify interactions among them by mapping a transcriptome-guided SAM-interactome. Furthermore, we compared stem-cells regulated transcriptome with innate immune responses in plants showing transcriptional separation among their DEGs in Arabidopsis. Besides unleashing a repertoire of immune-related genes in the SAM, our analysis provides a SAM-interactome that will help the community in designing functional experiments to study the specific defense dynamics of the SAM-cellular populations. Moreover, our study promotes the essence of large-scale omics data re-analysis, allowing a fresh look at the SAM-cellular transcriptome repurposing data-sets for new questions.
Investigation of processes that contribute to the maintenance of genomic stability is one crucial factor in the attempt to understand mechanisms that facilitate ageing. The DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair mechanisms are crucial to safeguard the integrity of DNA and to prevent accumulation of persistent DNA damage. Among them, base excision repair (BER) plays a decisive role. BER is the major repair pathway for small oxidative base modifications and apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites. We established a highly sensitive non-radioactive assay to measure BER incision activity in murine liver samples. Incision activity can be assessed towards the three DNA lesions 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), 5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuracil (5-OHdU), and an AP site analogue. We applied the established assay to murine livers of adult and old mice of both sexes. Furthermore, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) was assessed, which is an important determinant in DDR and BER. Additionally, DNA damage levels were measured to examine the overall damage levels. No impact of ageing on the investigated endpoints in liver tissue were found. However, animal sex seems to be a significant impact factor, as evident by sex-dependent alterations in all endpoints investigated. Moreover, our results revealed interrelationships between the investigated endpoints indicative for the synergetic mode of action of the cellular DNA integrity maintaining machinery.
Fabry Disease (FD) is a rare, X-linked, lysosomal storage disease that mainly causes renal, cardiac and cerebral complications. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant alpha-galactosidase A is available, but approximately 50% of male patients with classical FD develop inhibiting anti-drug antibodies (iADAs) that lead to reduced biochemical responses and an accelerated loss of renal function. Once immunization has occurred, iADAs tend to persist and tolerization is hard to achieve. Here we developed a pre-treatment prediction model for iADA development in FD using existing data from 120 classical male FD patients from three European centers, treated with ERT. We found that nonsense and frameshift mutations in the α-galactosidase A gene (p = 0.05), higher plasma lysoGb3 at baseline (p < 0.001) and agalsidase beta as first treatment (p = 0.006) were significantly associated with iADA development. Prediction performance of a Random Forest model, using multiple variables (AUC-ROC: 0.77) was compared to a logistic regression (LR) model using the three significantly associated variables (AUC-ROC: 0.77). The LR model can be used to determine iADA risk in individual FD patients prior to treatment initiation. This helps to determine in which patients adjusted treatment and/or immunomodulatory regimes may be considered to minimize iADA development risk.
Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint affecting crop growth and threatening global food security. Plants adapt to salinity by optimizing the performance of stomata. Stomata are formed by two guard cells (GCs) that are morphologically and functionally distinct from the other leaf cells. These microscopic sphincters inserted into the wax-covered epidermis of the shoot balance CO\(_2\) intake for photosynthetic carbon gain and concomitant water loss. In order to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying stomatal function under saline conditions, we used proteomics approach to study isolated GCs from the salt-tolerant sugar beet species. Of the 2088 proteins identified in sugar beet GCs, 82 were differentially regulated by salt treatment. According to bioinformatics analysis (GO enrichment analysis and protein classification), these proteins were involved in lipid metabolism, cell wall modification, ATP biosynthesis, and signaling. Among the significant differentially abundant proteins, several proteins classified as “stress proteins” were upregulated, including non-specific lipid transfer protein, chaperone proteins, heat shock proteins, inorganic pyrophosphatase 2, responsible for energized vacuole membrane for ion transportation. Moreover, several antioxidant enzymes (peroxide, superoxidase dismutase) were highly upregulated. Furthermore, cell wall proteins detected in GCs provided some evidence that GC walls were more flexible in response to salt stress. Proteins such as L-ascorbate oxidase that were constitutively high under both control and high salinity conditions may contribute to the ability of sugar beet GCs to adapt to salinity by mitigating salinity-induced oxidative stress.
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-secreted factors have been shown to significantly promote oligodendrogenesis from cultured primary adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) and oligodendroglial precursor cells (OPCs). Revealing underlying mechanisms of how aNSCs can be fostered to differentiate into a specific cell lineage could provide important insights for the establishment of novel neuroregenerative treatment approaches aiming at myelin repair. However, the nature of MSC-derived differentiation and maturation factors acting on the oligodendroglial lineage has not been identified thus far. In addition to missing information on active ingredients, the degree to which MSC-dependent lineage instruction is functional in vivo also remains to be established. We here demonstrate that MSC-derived factors can indeed stimulate oligodendrogenesis and myelin sheath generation of aNSCs transplanted into different rodent central nervous system (CNS) regions, and furthermore, we provide insights into the underlying mechanism on the basis of a comparative mass spectrometry secretome analysis. We identified a number of secreted proteins known to act on oligodendroglia lineage differentiation. Among them, the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase type 1 (TIMP-1) was revealed to be an active component of the MSC-conditioned medium, thus validating our chosen secretome approach.
Chemical processes mostly happen in fluid environments where reaction partners encounter via diffusion. The bimolecular encounters take place at a nanosecond time scale. The chemical environment (e.g., solvent molecules, (counter)ions) has a decisive influence on the reactivity as it determines the contact time between two molecules and affects the energetics. For understanding reactivity at an atomic level and at the appropriate dynamic time scale, it is crucial to combine matching experimental and theoretical data. Here, we have utilized all-atom molecular-dynamics simulations for accessing the key time scale (nanoseconds) using a QM/MM-Hamiltonian. Ion pairs consisting of a radical ion and its counterion are ideal systems to assess the theoretical predictions because they reflect dynamics at an appropriate time scale when studied by temperature-dependent EPR spectroscopy. We have investigated a diketone radical anion with its tetra-ethylammonium counterion. We have established a funnel-like transition path connecting two (equivalent) complexation sites. The agreement between the molecular-dynamics simulation and the experimental data presents a new paradigm for ion–ion interactions. This study exemplarily demonstrates the impact of the molecular environment on the topological states of reaction intermediates and how these states can be consistently elucidated through the combination of theory and experiment. We anticipate that our findings will contribute to the prediction of bimolecular transformations in the condensed phase with relevance to chemical synthesis, polymers, and biological activity.
Comprehensive bioinformatics identifies key microRNA players in ATG7-deficient lung fibroblasts
(2020)
Background: Deficient autophagy has been recently implicated as a driver of pulmonary fibrosis, yet bioinformatics approaches to study this cellular process are lacking. Autophagy-related 5 and 7 (ATG5/ATG7) are critical elements of macro-autophagy. However, an alternative ATG5/ATG7-independent macro-autophagy pathway was recently discovered, its regulation being unknown. Using a bioinformatics proteome profiling analysis of ATG7-deficient human fibroblasts, we aimed to identify key microRNA (miR) regulators in autophagy. Method: We have generated ATG7-knockout MRC-5 fibroblasts and performed mass spectrometry to generate a large-scale proteomics dataset. We further quantified the interactions between various proteins combining bioinformatics molecular network reconstruction and functional enrichment analysis. The predicted key regulatory miRs were validated via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The functional enrichment analysis of the 26 deregulated proteins showed decreased cellular trafficking, increased mitophagy and senescence as the major overarching processes in ATG7-deficient lung fibroblasts. The 26 proteins reconstitute a protein interactome of 46 nodes and miR-regulated interactome of 834 nodes. The miR network shows three functional cluster modules around miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p and let-7a-5p related to multiple deregulated proteins. Confirming these results in a biological setting, serially passaged wild-type and autophagy-deficient fibroblasts displayed senescence-dependent expression profiles of miR-16-5p and miR-17-5p. Conclusions: We have developed a bioinformatics proteome profiling approach that successfully identifies biologically relevant miR regulators from a proteomics dataset of the ATG-7-deficient milieu in lung fibroblasts, and thus may be used to elucidate key molecular players in complex fibrotic pathological processes. The approach is not limited to a specific cell-type and disease, thus highlighting its high relevance in proteome and non-coding RNA research.