Filtern
Volltext vorhanden
- ja (26)
Gehört zur Bibliographie
- ja (26)
Erscheinungsjahr
Dokumenttyp
Schlagworte
- surgery (26) (entfernen)
Institut
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik I) (6)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfall-, Hand-, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik II) (4)
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Neuroradiologie (ehem. Abteilung für Neuroradiologie) (2)
- Klinik und Polikliniken für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferkrankheiten (2)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I (2)
- Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik (2)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (1)
- Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie (1)
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie (Institut für Röntgendiagnostik) (1)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie (ab 2004) (1)
Background: Gastric cancers have poor overall survival despite recent advancements in early detection methods, endoscopic resection techniques, and chemotherapy treatments. Vaccinia viral therapy has had promising therapeutic potential for various cancers and has a great safety profile. We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of a novel genetically-engineered vaccinia virus carrying the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) gene, GLV-1 h153, on gastric cancers and its potential utility for imaging with Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy and I-124 positron emission tomography (PET).
Methods: GLV-1 h153 was tested against five human gastric cancer cell lines using cytotoxicity and standard viral plaque assays. In vivo, subcutaneous flank tumors were generated in nude mice with human gastric cancer cells, MKN-74. Tumors were subsequently injected with either GLV-1 h153 or PBS and followed for tumor growth. Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy and I-124 microPET imaging were performed.
Results: GFP expression, a surrogate for viral infectivity, confirmed viral infection by 24 hours. At a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1, GLV-1 h153 achieved > 90% cytotoxicity in MNK-74, OCUM-2MD3, and AGS over 9 days, and >70% cytotoxicity in MNK-45 and TMK-1. In vivo, GLV-1 h153 was effective in treating xenografts (p < 0.001) after 2 weeks of treatment. GLV-1 h153-infected tumors were readily imaged by Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy and I-124 microPET imaging 2 days after treatment.
Conclusions: GLV-1 h153 is an effective oncolytic virus expressing the hNIS protein that can efficiently regress gastric tumors and allow deep-tissue imaging. These data encourages its continued investigation in clinical settings.
Background:
The integrity of the flexor tendon pulley apparatus is crucial for unimpaired function of the digits. Although secondary reconstruction is an established procedure in multi-pulley injuries, acute reconstruction of isolated, closed pulley ruptures is a rare occurrence. There are 3 factors influencing the functional outcome of a reconstruction: gapping distance between tendon and bone (E-space), bulkiness of the reconstruction, and stability. As direct repair is rarely done, grafts are used to reinforce the pulley. An advantage of the first extensor retinaculum graft is the synovial coating providing the possibility to be used both as a direct graft with synovial coating or as an onlay graft after removal of the synovia when the native synovial layer is present.
Methods:
A graft from the first dorsal extensor compartment is used as an onlay graft to reinforce the sutured A4 pulley. This technique allows reconstruction of the original dimensions of the pulley system while stability is ensured by anchoring the onlay graft to the bony insertions of the pulley.
Results:
Anatomical reconstruction can be achieved with this method. The measured E-space remained 0 mm throughout the recovery, while the graft incorporated as a slim reinforcement of the pulley, displaying no bulkiness.
Conclusions:
The ideal reconstruction should provide synovial coating and sufficient strength with minimal bulk. Early reconstruction using an onlay graft offers these options. The native synovial lining is preserved and the graft is used to reinforce the pulley.
(1) Background: Evaluation of impact of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity/oropharynx (OSCC) of up to 4 cm (pT1/pT2) and solitary ipsilateral lymph node metastasis (pN1). A non-irradiated group with clinical follow-up was chosen for control, and survival and quality of life (QL) were compared; (2) Methods: This prospective multicentric comprehensive cohort study included patients with resected OSCC (pT1/pT2, pN1, and cM0) who were allocated into adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) or observation. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival and QL after surgery; (3) Results: Out of 27 centers, 209 patients were enrolled with a median follow-up of 3.4 years. An amount of 137 patients were in the observation arm, and 72 received adjuvant irradiation. Overall survival did not differ between groups (hazard ratio (HR) 0.98 [0.55–1.73], p = 0.94). There were fewer neck metastases (HR 0.34 [0.15–0.77]; p = 0.01), as well as fewer local recurrences (HR 0.41 [0.19–0.89]; p = 0.02) under adjuvant RT. For QL, irradiated patients showed higher values for the symptom scale pain after 0.5, two, and three years (all p < 0.05). After six months and three years, irradiated patients reported higher symptom burdens (impaired swallowing, speech, as well as teeth-related problems (all p < 0.05)). Patients in the RT group had significantly more problems with mouth opening after six months, one, and two years (p < 0.05); (4) Conclusions: Adjuvant RT in patients with early SCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx does not seem to influence overall survival, but it positively affects progression-free survival. However, irradiated patients report a significantly decreased QL up to three years after therapy compared to the observation group.
Background: Uro-oncological neoplasms have both a high incidence and mortality rate and are therefore a major public health problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate research activity in uro-oncology over the last decade.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov systematically for studies on prostatic, urinary bladder, kidney, and testicular neoplasms. The increase in newly published reports per year was analyzed using linear regression. The results are presented with 95% confidence intervals, and a p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The number of new publications per year increased significantly for prostatic, kidney and urinary bladder neoplasms (all <0.0001). We identified 1,885 randomized controlled trials (RCTs); also for RCTs, the number of newly published reports increased significantly for prostatic (p = 0.001) and kidney cancer (p = 0.005), but not for bladder (p = 0.09) or testicular (p = 0.44) neoplasms. We identified 3,114 registered uro-oncological studies in ClinicalTrials.gov. However, 85% of these studies are focusing on prostatic (45%) and kidney neoplasms (40%), whereas only 11% were registered for bladder cancers.
Conclusions: While the number of publications on uro-oncologic research rises yearly for prostatic and kidney neoplasms, urothelial carcinomas of the bladder seem to be neglected despite their important clinical role. Clinical research on neoplasms of the urothelial bladder must be explicitly addressed and supported.
Einleitung: In der Behandlung der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit (pAVK) hat die Implantation von Kunststoffprothesen einen festen Stellenwert. Allerdings weisen diese, eine höhere Thrombogenität, Infekt- und damit auch Verschlussrate als die Eigenvene auf. Im Falle eines Bypassverschlusses ist die Extremität häufig gefährdet und es ergibt sich ein unmittelbarer Handlungsbedarf. Ziel der hier dargestellten Untersuchung war es, über einen bestimmten Zeitraum alle Fälle mit Bypassverschluss zu erfassen, um prognostische Kriterien und ein optimiertes Management dieser Patienten herauszuarbeiten. Material und Methoden: Anhand der MS-Access-Gefäßdatenbank der Abteilung für vaskuläre und endovaskuläre Chirurgie der Universitätsklinik Würzburg wurden alle Patienten, die im Zeitraum vom 01.01.1993 bis zum 31.12.2001 wegen eines Bypass-Verschlusses nach kniegelenks-überschreitender Rekonstruktion vorstellig wurden, erfasst und anhand der Aktenlage analysiert. Dabei wurden folgende Daten in die Untersuchung miteinbezogen: demographische Aspekte, kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren, Voroperationen, Medikation, Symptomatik und Indikation zur Erstoperation sowie zum Verschlusszeitpunkt, Umstände der Operation/Behandlung (Notfall, Operateur, Dauer, angewandtes Verfahren) und Verlaufsdaten (Komplikationen, Letalität, Offenheits- und Amputationsrate). Diese Daten wurden zunächst in eine MS-Excel-Tabelle eingelesen und dann mit Hilfe der SPSS-Software ausgewertet. Hierzu wurde verwendet: Chi-Quadrat-Test (Fisher und Yates bzw. Mehta und Patel), U-Test nach Mann und Whitney (Rangsummentest), Rangvarianzanalyse nach Kruskal und Wallis, Rangkorrelation nach Kendall, Überlebensstatistik nach Kaplan und Meier sowie die daraus resultierende multivariate Überlebensstatistik nach dem „Proportional Hazards“-Modell von Cox verwendet. Ergebnisse: Im genannten Zeitraum wurden 202 Patienten an einem solchen Bypassverschluss behandelt. Aus statistischen Gründen wurde in den Fällen, in denen im Verlauf beide Beine betroffen waren, das zweite ausgeschlossen. Bei 78% (n=157) dieser Patienten lag bei Erstimplantation eine chronisch-kritische Ischämie vor (21% AVK Stadium III, 51% Stadium VI), was auch mit dem Vorliegen kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren und Herzinsuffizienz korrelierte. Insgesamt waren bei 76 Patienten ein- bzw. durchflussverbessernde Maßnahmen der Arteria femoralis superficialis vor der Erstimplantation durchgeführt worden. Bei 75% (n = 154) der Bypässe waren die distalen Anastomosen im Bereich der A. poplitea III, A. tibialis anterior und des Truncus tibiofibularis erfolgt, wobei auch der Stenosierungsgrad der distalen Anschlussgefäße mit dem AVK-Stadium korrelierte. Es zeigte sich, dass mehr als 79% (n = 161) der Bypässe innerhalb eines Jahres wieder verschlossen waren, 27,7 % sofort (0-3 Tage), 52,0% im Sinne eines Früh- (4-365 Tage) und 20,3% im Sinne eines Spätverschlusses (> 1 Jahr). 30,2% (n = 61) der Patienten mussten beim ersten Verschluss bereits major-amputiert werden, bei allen anderen wurden überwiegend operative Revaskularisierungsmaßnahmen durchgeführt, davon erhielten 34 einen neuen Bypass. Dies wurde um so häufiger ausgeführt, je später der Verschluss auftrat. Die Offenheitsrate lag nach 1 Jahr bei 18,9% und nach 3 Jahren bei 13,1%, die Beinerhaltungsrate bei 58,4% bzw. 55,9%. Die multivariaten Analyse zeigte, dass eine Antikoagulation mit Marcumar, die Verwendung von Polyester (Dacron®) und die Erfahrung des Operateurs einen positiven Einfluss hatten. Dagegen verschlechterte sich die Prognose hinsichtlich Letalität, Offenheit und Beinerhalt bei Vorliegen einer Herz- und/oder Niereninsuffizienz signifikant. Aus den erhobenen Daten konnte ein Prognoseindex ermittelt werden: In Verbindung mit der Ausprägung der Begleiterkrankungen und des Allgemeinzustandes des Patienten kann abgeschätzt werden, ob eine weitere Bein-erhaltende Operation sinnvoll ist oder eine großzügige Indikation zur Amputation gestellt werden sollte. Diskussion: Der Verschluss eines Kunststoffbypasses mit distaler Anastomose unterhalb des Kniegelenks geht mit einer sehr ungünstigen Prognose einher. Anhand des hier vorgestellten Prognoseindex soll es dem Behandelnden erleichtert werden, eine Entscheidung zu treffen, inwiefern weiterführende Maßnahmen indiziert sind, oder ob der Patient eher von einer Beinamputation profitiert. Eine Marcumarisierung nach erfolgreicher Behandlung eines solchen Verschlusses sollte generell empfohlen werden. Weiterhin ist zu diskutieren, ob nicht eine Optimierung der Ergebnisse (in geeigneten Fällen) mit der Durchführung einer intra-arteriellen Lyse zur Demaskierung der zugrunde liegenden Ursache und anschließender gezielter Beseitigung dieser Läsion zu erreichen wäre. Um die Resultate generell zu verbessern, wäre sicher auch eine regelmäßige Ultraschallkontrolle der Prothesen sinnvoll, um einen drohenden Verschluss („failing graft“) durch eine rechtzeitige Intervention zu verhindern.
Background
Colorectal cancer incidence increases with patient age. The aim of this study was to assess, at the nationwide level, in-hospital mortality, and failure to rescue in geriatric patients (≥ 80 years old) with colorectal cancer arising from postoperative complications.
Methods
All patients receiving surgery for colorectal cancer in Germany between 2012 and 2018 were identified in a nationwide database. Association between age and in-hospital mortality following surgery and failure to rescue, defined as death after complication, were determined in univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results
Three lakh twenty-eight thousands two hundred and ninety patients with colorectal cancer were included of whom 77,287 were 80 years or older. With increasing age, a significant relative increase in right hemicolectomy was observed. In general, these patients had more comorbid conditions and higher frailty. In-hospital mortality following colorectal cancer surgery was 4.9% but geriatric patients displayed a significantly higher postoperative in-hospital mortality of 10.6%. The overall postoperative complication rate as well as failure to rescue increased with age. In contrast, surgical site infection (SSI) and anastomotic leakage (AL) did not increase in geriatric patients, whereas the associated mortality increased disproportionately (13.3% for SSI and 29.9% mortality for patients with AI, both p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounders showed that geriatric patients had almost five-times higher odds for death after surgery than the baseline age group below 60 (OR 4.86; 95%CI [4.45–5.53], p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Geriatric patients have higher mortality after colorectal cancer surgery. This may be partly due to higher frailty and disproportionately higher rates of failure to rescue arising from postoperative complications.
Die prophylaktische retrosternale Einlage eines Gentamicin-Kollagen Schwammes wurde in letzter Zeit in mehreren Studien untersucht und ist wird kontrovers diskutiert. Die vorliegende Studie ist die erste prospektiv randomisierte, Einzelzentrums-Doppelblind-Studie zur Untersuchung der Effektivität, im Hinblick auf die Reduktion sternaler Wundkomplikationen nach herzchirurgischen Eingriffen, eines retrosternal eingelegten Gentamicin-Kollagen-Schwammes.
Background:
Although indocyanine-green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) has been established as a useful tool to assess perfusion in free tissue transfer, only few studies have applied this modality to pedicled perforator flaps. As both volume and reach of pedicled perforator flaps are limited and tip necrosis often equals complete flap failure, ICG-FA may help to detect hypoperfusion in pedicled flaps.
Methods:
In 5 patients, soft tissue reconstruction was achieved with pedicled perforator flaps. ICG-FA was utilized intraoperatively to visualize flap perfusion.
Results:
Three pedicled anterolateral thigh flap flaps and 2 propeller flaps were transferred. ICG-FA detected hypoperfusion in 2 flaps. No flap loss occurred; in 2 cases, prolonged wound healing was encountered.
Conclusions:
ICG-FA confirmed clinical findings and reliably detected tissue areas with hypoperfusion. A clear cut-off point between nonvital tissue and such that stabilized in the following clinical course could not be found. ICG-FA is a promising technology which could also be used in pedicled perforator flaps.
Aim
To determine the impact of the extent of lymph node invasion (LNI) on long-term oncological outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP).
Material and methods
In this retrospective study, we examined the data of 1,249 high-risk, non-metastatic PCa patients treated with RP and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) between 1989 and 2011 at eight different tertiary institutions. We fitted univariate and multivariate Cox models to assess independent predictors of cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). The number of positive lymph node (LN) was dichotomized according to the most informative cutoff predicting CSS. Kaplan–Meier curves assessed CSS and OS rates. Only patients with at least 10 LNs removed at PLND were included. This cutoff was chosen as a surrogate for a well performed PNLD.
Results
Mean age was 65 years (median: 66, IQR 60–70). Positive surgical margins were present in 53.7% (n = 671). Final Gleason score (GS) was 2–6 in 12.7% (n = 158), 7 in 52% (n = 649), and 8–10 in 35.4% (n = 442). The median number of LNs removed during PLND was 15 (IQR 12–17). Of all patients, 1,128 (90.3%) had 0–3 positive LNs, while 126 (9.7%) had ≥4 positive LNs. Patients with 0–3 positive LNs had significantly better CSS outcome at 10-year follow-up compared to patients with ≥4 positive LNs (87 vs. 50%; p < 0.0001). Similar results were obtained for OS, with a 72 vs. 37% (p < 0.0001) survival at 10 years for patients with 0–3 vs. ≥4 positive LNs, respectively. At multivariate analysis, final GS of 8–10, salvage ADT therapy, and ≥4 (vs. <4) positive LNs were predictors of worse CSS and OS. Pathological stage pT4 was an additional predictor of worse CSS.
Conclusion
Four or more positive LNs, pathological stage pT4, and final GS of 8–10 represent independent predictors for worse CSS in patients with high-risk PCa. Primary tumor biology remains a strong driver of tumor progression and patients having ≥4 positive LNs could be considered an enriched patient group in which novel treatment strategies should be studied.
Background: We present a descriptive and retrospective analysis of revision total hip arthroplasties (THA) using the MRP-TITAN stem (Peter Brehm, Weisendorf, GER) with distal diaphyseal fixation and metaphyseal defect augmentation. Our hypothesis was that the metaphyseal defect augmentation (Impaction Bone Grafting) improves the stem survival.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the aggregated and anonymized data of 243 femoral stem revisions. 68 patients with 70 implants (28.8%) received an allograft augmentation for metaphyseal defects; 165 patients with 173 implants (71.2%) did not, and served as controls. The mean follow-up was 4.4 +/- 1.8 years (range, 2.1-9.6 years). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the study and control group regarding age, body mass index (BMI), femoral defects (types I-III as described by Paprosky), and preoperative Harris Hip Score (HHS). Postoperative clinical function was evaluated using the HHS. Postoperative radiologic examination evaluated implant stability, axial implant migration, signs of implant loosening, periprosthetic radiolucencies, as well as bone regeneration and resorption.
Results: There were comparable rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications in the study and control groups (p > 0.05). Clinical function, expressed as the increase in the postoperative HHS over the preoperative score, showed significantly greater improvement in the group with Impaction Bone Grafting (35.6 +/- 14.3 vs. 30.8 +/- 15.8; p <= 0.05). The study group showed better outcome especially for larger defects (types II C and III as described by Paprosky) and stem diameters >= 17 mm. The two groups did not show significant differences in the rate of aseptic loosening (1.4% vs. 2.9%) and the rate of revisions (8.6% vs. 11%). The Kaplan-Meier survival for the MRP-TITAN stem in both groups together was 93.8% after 8.8 years. [Study group 95.7% after 8.54 years; control group 93.1% after 8.7 years]. Radiologic evaluation showed no significant change in axial implant migration (4.3% vs. 9.3%; p = 0.19) but a significant reduction in proximal stress shielding (5.7% vs. 17.9%; p < 0.05) in the study group. Periprosthetic radiolucencies were detected in 5.7% of the study group and in 9.8% of the control group (p = 0.30). Radiolucencies in the proximal zones 1 and 7 according to Gruen occurred significantly more often in the control group without allograft augmentation (p = 0.05).
Conclusion: We present the largest analysis of the impaction grafting technique in combination with cementless distal diaphyseal stem fixation published so far. Our data provides initial evidence of improved bone regeneration after graft augmentation of metaphyseal bone defects. The data suggests that proximal metaphyseal graft augmentation is beneficial for large metaphyseal bone defects (Paprosky types IIC and III) and stem diameters of 17 mm and above. Due to the limitations of a retrospective and descriptive study the level of evidence remains low and prospective trials should be conducted.