Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (694) (remove)
Year of publication
- 2019 (694) (remove)
Document Type
- Journal article (486)
- Doctoral Thesis (162)
- Book article / Book chapter (23)
- Preprint (19)
- Conference Proceeding (1)
- Other (1)
- Report (1)
- Working Paper (1)
Language
- English (694) (remove)
Keywords
- Animal Studies (24)
- Cultural Animal Studies (24)
- Cultural Studies (24)
- Ecocriticism (24)
- Environmental Humanities (24)
- Human-Animal Studies (24)
- Literary Studies (24)
- boron (11)
- apoptosis (7)
- inflammation (7)
Institute
- Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften (97)
- Graduate School of Life Sciences (51)
- Physikalisches Institut (44)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II (33)
- Institut für Psychologie (32)
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie (27)
- Institut für Organische Chemie (27)
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (27)
- Institut für deutsche Philologie (24)
- Neuphilologisches Institut - Moderne Fremdsprachen (24)
- Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum (23)
- Abteilung für Funktionswerkstoffe der Medizin und der Zahnheilkunde (20)
- Institut für Geographie und Geologie (20)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I (19)
- Institut für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie (18)
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie (18)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (18)
- Institut für Informatik (17)
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik (17)
- Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie (17)
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie (16)
- Kinderklinik und Poliklinik (16)
- Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin (16)
- Pathologisches Institut (16)
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften (14)
- Institut für Klinische Epidemiologie und Biometrie (12)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz (DZHI) (11)
- Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie (11)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik I) (11)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin (11)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie (10)
- Institut für Humangenetik (9)
- Institut für Experimentelle Biomedizin (8)
- Institut für Funktionsmaterialien und Biofabrikation (8)
- Institut für Klinische Neurobiologie (8)
- Institut für Mathematik (8)
- Lehrstuhl für Orthopädie (8)
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik (8)
- Betriebswirtschaftliches Institut (7)
- Institut Mensch - Computer - Medien (7)
- Institut für Sportwissenschaft (7)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie (7)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfall-, Hand-, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik II) (7)
- Abteilung für Molekulare Innere Medizin (in der Medizinischen Klinik und Poliklinik II) (6)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (6)
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie (6)
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie (Institut für Röntgendiagnostik) (6)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (6)
- Institut für Anatomie und Zellbiologie (5)
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Neuroradiologie (ehem. Abteilung für Neuroradiologie) (5)
- Augenklinik und Poliklinik (4)
- Fakultät für Biologie (4)
- Graduate School of Science and Technology (4)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie (ab 2004) (4)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen (4)
- Medizinische Fakultät (4)
- Volkswirtschaftliches Institut (4)
- Institut für Psychotherapie und Medizinische Psychologie (3)
- Institut für Systemimmunologie (3)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie (3)
- Lehrstuhl für Biochemie (3)
- Frauenklinik und Poliklinik (2)
- Institut für Politikwissenschaft und Soziologie (2)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Thorax-, Herz- u. Thorakale Gefäßchirurgie (2)
- Lehrstuhl für Molekulare Psychiatrie (2)
- Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung und Parodontologie (2)
- Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik (2)
- Abteilung für Forensische Psychiatrie (1)
- Center for Computational and Theoretical Biology (1)
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin (1)
- Institut für Kulturwissenschaften Ost- und Südasiens (1)
- Institut für Medizinische Strahlenkunde und Zellforschung (1)
- Institut für Philosophie (1)
- Institut für Rechtsmedizin (1)
- Institut für Sonderpädagogik (1)
- Physiologisches Institut (1)
- Sportzentrum (1)
Schriftenreihe
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
- VolkswagenStiftung (24)
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (2)
- Bio-Imaging Center Würzburg (1)
- CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - the development agency of the Brazilian Federal Government (1)
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg (1)
- DAAD - Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (1)
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Sana Hospital Hof, Hof, Germany (1)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (1)
- Department of Medicine A, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany (1)
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society (ESI) (1)
ResearcherID
- B-4606-2017 (1)
Mechanistic Insights into the Inhibition of Cathepsin B and Rhodesain with Low-Molecular Inhibitors
(2019)
Cysteine proteases play a crucial role in medical chemistry concerning various fields reaching from more common ailments like cancer and hepatitis to less noted tropical diseases, namely the so-called African Sleeping Sickness (Human Arfican Trypanosomiasis). Detailed knowledge about the catalytic function of these systems is highly desirable for drug research in the respective areas. In this work, the inhibition mechanisms of the two cysteine proteases cathepsin B and rhodesain with respectively one low-molecular inhibitor class were investigated in detail, using computational methods. In order to sufficiently describe macromolecular systems, molecular mechanics based methods (MM) and quantum mechanical based method (QM), as well as hybrid methods (QM/MM) combining those two approaches, were applied.
For Cathespin B, carbamate-based molecules were investigated as potential inhibitors for the cysteine protease. The results indicate, that water-bridged proton-transfer reactions play a crucial role for the inhibition. The energetically most favoured pathway (according to the calculations) includes an elimination reaction following an E1cB mechanism with a subsequent carbamylation of the active site amino acid cysteine.
Nitroalkene derivatives were investigated as inhibitors for rhodesain. The investigation of structurally similar inhibitors showed, that even small steric differences can crucially influence the inhibition potential of the components. Furthermore, the impact of a fluorination of the nitroalkene inhibitors on the inhibition mechanism was investigated. According to experimental data measured from the working group of professor Schirmeister in Mainz, fluorinated nitroalkenes show – in contrast to the unfluorinated compounds – a time dependent inhibition efficiency. The calculations of the systems indicate, that the fluorination impacts the non-covalent interactions of the inhibitors with the enzymatic environment of the enzyme which results in a different inhibition behaviour.
The measurement of the mass of the $W$ boson is currently one of the most promising precision analyses of the Standard Model, that could ultimately reveal a hint for new physics.
The mass of the $W$ boson is determined by comparing the $W$ boson, which cannot be reconstructed directly, to the $Z$ boson, where the full decay signature is available. With the help of Monte Carlo simulations one can extrapolate from the $Z$ boson to the $W$ boson.
Technically speaking, the measurement of the $W$ boson mass is performed by comparing data taken by the ATLAS experiment to a set of calibrated Monte Carlo simulations, which reflect different mass hypotheses.\
A dedicated calibration of the reconstructed objects in the simulations is crucial for a high precision of the measured value.
The comparison of simulated $Z$ boson events to reconstructed $Z$ boson candidates in data allows to derive event weights and scale factors for the calibration.
This thesis presents a new approach to reweight the hadronic recoil in the simulations. The focus of the calibration is on the average hadronic activity visible in the mean of the scalar sum of the hadronic recoil $\Sigma E_T$ as a function of pileup. In contrast to the standard method, which directly reweights the scalar sum, the dependency to the transverse boson momentum is less strongly affected here.
The $\Sigma E_T$ distribution is modeled first by means of its pileup dependency. Then, the remaining differences in the resolution of the vector sum of the hadronic recoil are scaled. This is done separately for the parallel and the pterpendicular component of the hadronic recoil with respect to the reconstructed boson.
This calibration was developed for the dataset taken by the ATLAS experiment at a center of mass energy of $8\,\textrm{TeV}$ in 2012. In addition, the same reweighting procedure is applied to the recent dataset with a low pileup contribution, the \textit{lowMu} runs at $5\,\textrm{TeV}$ and at $13\,\textrm{TeV}$, taken by ATLAS in November 2017. The dedicated aspects of the reweighting procedure are presented in this thesis. It can be shown that this reweighting approach improves the agreement between data and the simulations effectively for all datasets.
The uncertainties of this reweighting approach as well as the statistical errors are evaluated for a $W$ mass measurement by a template fit to pseudodata for the \textit{lowMu} dataset. A first estimate of these uncertainties is given here. For the pfoEM algorithm a statistical uncertainty of $17\,\text{MeV}$ for the $5\,\textrm{TeV}$ dataset and of $18\,\text{MeV}$ for the $13\,\textrm{TeV}$ are found for the $W \rightarrow \mu \nu$ analysis. The systematic uncertainty introduced by the resolution scaling has the largest effect, a value of $15\,\text{MeV}$ is estimated for the $13\,\textrm{TeV}$ dataset in the muon channel.
The present dissertation investigates the management of RFID implementations in retail trade. Our work contributes to this by investigating important aspects that have so far received little attention in scientific literature. We therefore perform three studies about three important aspects of managing RFID implementations. We evaluate in our first study customer acceptance of pervasive retail systems using privacy calculus theory. The results of our study reveal the most important aspects a retailer has to consider when implementing pervasive retail systems. In our second study we analyze RFID-enabled robotic inventory taking with the help of a simulation model. The results show that retailers should implement robotic inventory taking if the accuracy rates of the robots are as high as the robots’ manufacturers claim. In our third and last study we evaluate the potentials of RFID data for supporting managerial decision making. We propose three novel methods in order to extract useful information from RFID data and propose a generic information extraction process. Our work is geared towards practitioners who want to improve their RFID-enabled processes and towards scientists conducting RFID-based research.
Sensitivity and selectivity remain the central technical requirement for analytical devices, detectors and sensors. Especially in the gas phase, concentrations of threat substances can be very low (e.g. explosives) or have severe effects on health even at low concentrations (e.g. benzene) while it contains many potential interferents. Preconcentration, facilitated by active or passive sampling of air by an adsorbent, followed by thermal desorption, results in these substances being released in a smaller volume, effectively increasing their concentration.
Traditionally, a wide range of adsorbents, such as active carbons or porous polymers, are used for preconcentration. However, many adsorbents either show chemical reactions due to active surfaces, serious water retention or high background emission due to thermal instability. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a hybrid substance class, composed inorganic and organic building blocks, being a special case of coordination polymers containing pores. They can be tailored for specific applications such as gas storage, separation, catalysis, sensors or drug delivery.
This thesis is focused on investigating MOFs for their use in thermal preconcentration for airborne detection systems. A pre-screening method for MOF-adsorbate interactions was developed and applied, namely inverse gas chromatography (iGC). Using this pulse chromatographic method, the interaction of MOFs and molecules from the class of explosives and volatile organic compounds was studied at different temperatures and compared to thermal desorption results.
In the first part, it is shown that archetype MOFs (HKUST-1, MIL-53 and Fe-BTC) outperformed the state-of-the-art polymeric adsorbent Tenax® TA in nitromethane preconcentration for a 1000 (later 1) ppm nitromethane source. For HKUST-1, a factor of more than 2000 per g of adsorbent was achieved, about 100 times higher than for Tenax. Thereby, a nitromethane concentration of 1 ppb could be increased to 2 ppm. High enrichment is addressed to the specific interaction of the nitro group as by iGC, which was determined by comparing nitromethane’s free enthalpy of adsorption with the respective saturated alkane. Also, HKUST-1 shows a similar mode of sorption (enthalpy-entropy compensation) for nitro and saturated alkanes.
In the second part, benzene of 1 ppm of concentration was enriched with a similar setup, using 2nd generation MOFs, primarily UiO-66 and UiO-67, under dry and humid (50 %rH) conditions using constant sampling times. Not any MOF within the study did surpass the polymeric Tenax in benzene preconcentration. This is most certainly due to low sampling times – while Tenax may be highly saturated after 600 s, MOFs are not. For regular UiO-66, four differently synthesized samples showed a strongly varying behavior for dry and humid enrichment which cannot be completely explained. iGC investigations with regular alkanes and BTEX compounds revealed that confinement factors and dispersive surface energy were different for all UiO-66 samples. Using physicochemical parameters from iGC, no unified hypothesis explaining all variances could be developed.
Altogether, it was shown that MOFs can replace or add to state-of-the-art adsorbents for the enrichment of specific analytes with preconcentration being a universal sensitivity-boosting concept for detectors and sensors. Especially with iGC as a powerful screening tool, most suitable MOFs for the respective target analyte can be evaluated. iGC can be used for determining “single point” retention volumes, which translate into partition coefficients for a specific MOF × analyte × temperature combination.