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Both nerve injury and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) can result in chronic pain. In traumatic neuropathy, the blood nerve barrier (BNB) shielding the nerve is impaired—partly due to dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs). Upregulation of microRNA-21-5p (miR-21) has previously been documented in neuropathic pain, predominantly due to its proinflammatory features. However, little is known about other functions. Here, we characterized miR-21 in neuropathic pain and its impact on the BNB in a human-murine back translational approach. MiR-21 expression was elevated in plasma of patients with CRPS as well as in nerves of mice after transient and persistent nerve injury. Mice presented with BNB leakage, as well as loss of claudin-1 in both injured and spared nerves. Moreover, the putative miR-21 target RECK was decreased and downstream Mmp9 upregulated, as was Tgfb. In vitro experiments in human epithelial cells confirmed a downregulation of CLDN1 by miR-21 mimics via inhibition of the RECK/MMP9 pathway but not TGFB. Perineurial miR-21 mimic application in mice elicited mechanical hypersensitivity, while local inhibition of miR-21 after nerve injury reversed it. In summary, the data support a novel role for miR-21, independent of prior inflammation, in elicitation of pain and impairment of the BNB via RECK/MMP9.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Expressionshäufigkeiten von MAGE-A-Antigenen, E -Cadherin, Laminin-5-gamma-2, MMP2 und MMP9 in Plattenepithelkarzinomen im Kopf- und Halsbereich untersuchen. Hierbei findet der Vergleich zwischen Primärtumoren und korrespondierenden Lymphknotenmetastasen besondere Beachtung. Um die Hypothese zu verifizieren, dass die o.g. Parameter einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Progression und Metastasierung haben, wird der Zusammenhang zwischen den in der vorliegenden Arbeit gewonnenen Ergebnissen und diversen klinischen Parametern mittels Korrelationsanalyse untersucht.