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Background: Treatment options for NAFLD are still limited. Bariatric surgery, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), has been shown to improve metabolic and histologic markers of NAFLD. Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues lead to improvements in phase 2 clinical trials. We directly compared the effects of RYGB with a treatment using liraglutide and/or peptide tyrosine tyrosine 3-36 (PYY\(_{3-36}\)) in a rat model for early NAFLD. Methods: Obese male Wistar rats (high-fat diet (HFD)-induced) were randomized into the following treatment groups: RYGB, sham-operation (sham), liraglutide (0.4 mg/kg/day), PYY\(_{3-36}\) (0.1 mg/kg/day), liraglutide+PYY\(_{3-36}\), and saline. After an observation period of 4 weeks, liver samples were histologically evaluated, ELISAs and RNA sequencing + RT-qPCRs were performed. Results: RYGB and liraglutide+PYY\(_{3-36}\) induced a similar body weight loss and, compared to sham/saline, marked histological improvements with significantly less steatosis. However, only RYGB induced significant metabolic improvements (e.g., adiponectin/leptin ratio 18.8 ± 11.8 vs. 2.4 ± 1.2 in liraglutide+PYY\(_{3-36}\)- or 1.4 ± 0.9 in sham-treated rats). Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed a high number of differentially regulated genes in RYGB treated animals only. Conclusions: The combination therapy of liraglutide+PYY\(_{3-36}\) partly mimics the positive effects of RYGB on weight reduction and on hepatic steatosis, while its effects on metabolic function lack behind RYGB.
Es wurde ein etabliertes Tiermodell mit Zucker Ratten (fa/fa) verwendet, um postoperative, gewichtsverlustunabhängige metabolomische Effekte des Roux-en-Y Magenbypass (RYGB) zu ermitteln. Es galt Hypothesen zu generieren, welche globalen Metabolite die positiven Auswirkungen des Magenbypass verursachen können. Beispielsweise war γ-Amino-Buttersäure (GABA) fäkal nach RYGB vermehrt nachweisbar und somit ein potentieller Mediator für einen Bypass-spezifischen Effekt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Komplexität der metabolomischen Veränderungen durch RYGB und Nahrungsrestriktion. Die genauen Mechanismen nach metabolisch-bariatrischer Operation, die zu dem therapeutischen Effekt führen, bleiben weiterhin unklar, sodass es weiterer Studien bedarf, um kausale Zusammenhänge nachzuweisen.