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- Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften (17) (remove)
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A cDNA clone of about 2500 basepairswas prepared from the human osteosarcoma cellline U-2 OS by hybridizing with a v-sis probe. Sequence analysis showed that this cDNA contains the coding region for the PDGF-B chain. Here we report that the mitogen secreted by these osteosarcoma cells contains the PDGF-B chain and is probably a homodimer of two B-chains.
Ultrastructural localization of DNA in two Cryptomonas species by use of a monoclonal DNA-antibody
(1986)
Immunogold cytochemistry - DNA localization - Cryptomonas nucleomorph The distribution and subcellular localization of DNA in the unicellular alga Cryptomonas has been investigated electron-microscopically by indirect immunocytochemistry, using a monoclonal DNA antibody and a gold-Iabeled secondary antibody. This technique proved to be very sensitive and entirely specific. DNA could be demonstrated in four different compartments (nucleus, nucleomorph, plastid, and mitochondrion). Within the plastid, DNA is concentrated in stroma regions that are localized preferentially around the center of the organelle. The mitochondrion contains several isolated DNA-containing regions (nucleoids). Within the nucleus, most of the DNA is localized in the 'condensed' chromatin. DNA was also detectable in small areas of the nucleolus, whereas the interchromatin space of the nucleus appeared almost devoid of DNA. Within the nucleomorph, DNA is distributed inhomogeneously in the matrix. DNA could furthermore be detected in restricted areas of the 'fibrillogranular body' of the nucleomorph, resembling the situation encountered in the nucleol us. The presence of DNA and its characteristic distribution in the nucleomorph provide additional, strong evidence in favour of the interpretation of that organelle as the residual nucleus of a eukaryotic endosymbiont in Cryptomonas.
Precipitating anti-PM-Sel antibodies are present in sera from patients with polymyositis. scleroderma. and polymyositis/scleroderma overlap syndromes. By indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. anti-PM-Scl antibodies stained the nucleolus in cells of different tissues and species. suggesting that the antigen is highly conserved. By electron microscopy, anti-PM-Scl antibodies reacted primarily with the granular component of the nuc1eolus. Drugs that inhibit rRNA synthesis had a marked effect on the expression of PM-Scl antigen. In actinomycin D-treated cells, immunofluorescence staining by anti-PM-Scl was signüicantly reduced with residual staining restricted to the granular regions of nuc1eoli. Treatment with 5,6-dichloro-beta-D- ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB) also selectively reduced nuc1eolar staining. On a molecular level, anti-PM-Sel antibodies precipitated 11 polypeptides with molecular weights (Mr) ranging from 110,000 to 20,000. The Mr 80,000 and 20.000 polypeptides were phosphorylated. Evidence suggests that the PM-Scl antigen complex may be related to a prerlbosomal particle.
Scorpions commonly are assumed to hunt on living prey. But under laboratory conditions they also respond very sensitively to dead insects lying on the substrate. In many cases the motionless prey is seized and consumed. It was investigated how this behavior can be elicited. The buthid scorpions Androctonus australis (L.) and Buthus occitanus (Am.) not only find motionless prey again which was stung but managed to escape before dying: They also respond to extracts of the cuticle of prey insects. After touching prey marks' either with the tips of the chelae fingers or the tarsi of the walking legs or the pectine organs specific responses (searching, seizing, feeding) are released at a high rate. Behavioral experiments demonstrate for the first time the chemosensitivity of the pectine organs for which only mechanosensitivity had been proofed formerly. Mechanical as well as contact chemical stimulation of these organs cause scorpions to orient towards the stimulus source which is grasped, retained and consumed or rejected depending on its quality. The probably responsible chemosensitive receptors are already described in the literature. The possible adaptive value and the biological significance of contact chemoreception in prey catching and in other aspects of the life of scorpions is discussed.