Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (4)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (4)
Document Type
- Journal article (4)
Language
- English (4)
Keywords
- EndoVAC and small bowel (1)
- Fabry disease (1)
- abundance (1)
- anti-drug antibodies (1)
- biodiversity conservation (1)
- cardiac hypertrophy (1)
- decline (1)
- duodenal perforation (1)
- duodenal trauma (1)
- ecosystem services (1)
Institute
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz (DZHI) (1)
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie (1)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik I) (1)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I (1)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II (1)
- Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften (1)
Delivery of crop pollination services is an insufficient argument for wild pollinator conservation
(2015)
There is compelling evidence that more diverse ecosystems deliver greater benefits to people, and these ecosystem services have become a key argument for biodiversity conservation. However, it is unclear how much biodiversity is needed to deliver ecosystem services in a cost- effective way. Here we show that, while the contribution of wild bees to crop production is significant, service delivery is restricted to a limited subset of all known bee species. Across crops, years and biogeographical regions, crop-visiting wild bee communities are dominated by a small number of common species, and threatened species are rarely observed on crops. Dominant crop pollinators persist under agricultural expansion and many are easily enhanced by simple conservation measures, suggesting that cost- effective management strategies to promote crop pollination should target a different set of species than management strategies to promote threatened bees. Conserving the biological diversity of bees therefore requires more than just ecosystem-service-based arguments.
Fabry Disease (FD) is a rare, X-linked, lysosomal storage disease that mainly causes renal, cardiac and cerebral complications. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant alpha-galactosidase A is available, but approximately 50% of male patients with classical FD develop inhibiting anti-drug antibodies (iADAs) that lead to reduced biochemical responses and an accelerated loss of renal function. Once immunization has occurred, iADAs tend to persist and tolerization is hard to achieve. Here we developed a pre-treatment prediction model for iADA development in FD using existing data from 120 classical male FD patients from three European centers, treated with ERT. We found that nonsense and frameshift mutations in the α-galactosidase A gene (p = 0.05), higher plasma lysoGb3 at baseline (p < 0.001) and agalsidase beta as first treatment (p = 0.006) were significantly associated with iADA development. Prediction performance of a Random Forest model, using multiple variables (AUC-ROC: 0.77) was compared to a logistic regression (LR) model using the three significantly associated variables (AUC-ROC: 0.77). The LR model can be used to determine iADA risk in individual FD patients prior to treatment initiation. This helps to determine in which patients adjusted treatment and/or immunomodulatory regimes may be considered to minimize iADA development risk.
Introduction:
During damage control surgery for blunt abdominal traumata simultaneous duodenal perforations can be missed making secondary sufficient surgical treatment challenging. Endoluminal vacuum (EndoVAC™) therapy has been shown to be a revolutionary option but has anatomical and technical limits.
Presentation of the case:
A 59-year old man with hemorrhagic shock due to rupture of the mesenteric root after blunt abdominal trauma received damage control treatment. Within a scheduled second-look, perforation of the posterior duodenal wall was identified. Due to local and systemic conditions, further surgical treatment was limited. Decision for endoscopic treatment was made but proved to be difficult due to the distal location. Finally, double-barreled jejunal stoma was created for transstomal EndoVAC™ treatment. Complete leakage healing was achieved and jejunostomy reversal followed subsequently.
Discussion:
During damage control surgery simultaneous bowel injuries can be missed leading to life-threatening complications with limited surgical options. EndoVAC™ treatment is an option for gastrointestinal perforations but has anatomical limitations that can be sufficiently shifted by a transstomal approach for intestinal leakage.
Conclusion:
In trauma related laparotomy complete mobilization of the duodenum is crucial. As ultima ratio, transstomal EndoVAC™ is a safe and feasible option and can be considered for similar cases.
Histone H3 serine 28 (H3S28) phosphorylation and de-repression of polycomb repressive complex (PRC)-mediated gene regulation is linked to stress conditions in mitotic and post-mitotic cells. To better understand the role of H3S28 phosphorylation in vivo, we studied a Drosophila strain with ectopic expression of constitutively-activated H3S28A, which prevents PRC2 binding at H3S28, thus mimicking H3S28 phosphorylation. H3S28A mutants showed prolonged life span and improved resistance against starvation and paraquat-induced oxidative stress. Morphological and functional analysis of heart tubes revealed smaller luminal areas and thicker walls accompanied by moderately improved cardiac function after acute stress induction. Whole-exome deep gene-sequencing from isolated heart tubes revealed phenotype-corresponding changes in longevity-promoting and myotropic genes. We also found changes in genes controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration. Analysis of mitochondrial respiration from whole flies revealed improved efficacy of ATP production with reduced electron transport-chain activity. Finally, we analyzed posttranslational modification of H3S28 in an experimental heart failure model and observed increased H3S28 phosphorylation levels in HF hearts. Our data establish a critical role of H3S28 phosphorylation in vivo for life span, stress resistance, cardiac and mitochondrial function in Drosophila. These findings may pave the way for H3S28 phosphorylation as a putative target to treat stress-related disorders such as heart failure.