610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Refine
Year of publication
- 2024 (123)
- 2023 (461)
- 2022 (687)
- 2021 (733)
- 2020 (526)
- 2019 (387)
- 2018 (295)
- 2017 (225)
- 2016 (313)
- 2015 (291)
- 2014 (344)
- 2013 (308)
- 2012 (287)
- 2011 (302)
- 2010 (260)
- 2009 (189)
- 2008 (185)
- 2007 (215)
- 2006 (210)
- 2005 (199)
- 2004 (210)
- 2003 (147)
- 2002 (121)
- 2001 (57)
- 2000 (7)
- 1999 (1)
- 1995 (1)
- 1994 (57)
- 1993 (72)
- 1992 (39)
- 1991 (48)
- 1990 (42)
- 1989 (36)
- 1988 (37)
- 1987 (37)
- 1986 (29)
- 1985 (19)
- 1984 (14)
- 1983 (9)
- 1982 (8)
- 1981 (7)
- 1980 (6)
- 1979 (8)
- 1978 (7)
- 1977 (6)
- 1976 (1)
- 1971 (2)
- 1970 (1)
- 1845 (1)
Document Type
- Journal article (3806)
- Doctoral Thesis (3668)
- Conference Proceeding (33)
- Book article / Book chapter (18)
- Preprint (14)
- Review (9)
- Report (8)
- Book (7)
- Other (7)
- Master Thesis (2)
Language
- English (4124)
- German (3448)
- Multiple languages (1)
Keywords
- Toxikologie (119)
- Medizin (102)
- inflammation (86)
- apoptosis (64)
- depression (61)
- Herzinsuffizienz (56)
- cancer (53)
- therapy (52)
- COVID-19 (51)
- MRI (48)
Institute
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I (546)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II (467)
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (435)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik I) (412)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (375)
- Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften (311)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie (ab 2004) (304)
- Graduate School of Life Sciences (297)
- Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie (291)
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie (290)
Schriftenreihe
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (18)
- IZKF Nachwuchsgruppe Geweberegeneration für muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen (7)
- Clinical Trial Center (CTC) / Zentrale für Klinische Studien Würzburg (ZKSW) (5)
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (5)
- Bernhard-Heine-Centrum für Bewegungsforschung (4)
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, U.S. (4)
- Klinikum Fulda (3)
- Zentraleinheit Klinische Massenspektrometrie (3)
- CHC Würzburg (Comprehensive Hearing Center) (2)
- Center for Interdisciplinary Clinical Research, Würzburg University, Würzburg, Germany (2)
ResearcherID
- D-1221-2009 (1)
There is a great need for valuable ex vivo models that allow for assessment of cartilage repair strategies to reduce the high number of animal experiments. In this paper we present three studies with our novel ex vivo osteochondral culture platform. It consists of two separated media compartments for cartilage and bone, which better represents the in vivo situation and enables supply of factors pecific to the different needs of bone and cartilage. We investigated whether separation of the cartilage and bone compartments and/or culture media results in the maintenance of viability, structural and functional properties of cartilage tissue. Next, we valuated for how long we can preserve cartilage matrix stability of osteochondral explants during long-term culture over 84 days. Finally, we determined the optimal defect size that does not show spontaneous self-healing in this culture system. It was demonstrated that separated compartments for cartilage and bone in combination with tissue-specific medium allow for long-term culture of osteochondral explants while maintaining cartilage viability, atrix tissue content, structure and mechanical properties for at least 56 days. Furthermore, we could create critical size cartilage defects of different sizes in the model. The osteochondral model represents a valuable preclinical ex vivo tool for studying clinically relevant cartilage therapies, such as cartilage biomaterials, for their regenerative potential, for evaluation of drug and cell therapies, or to study mechanisms of cartilage regeneration. It will undoubtedly reduce the number of animals needed for in vivotesting.
Hintergrund
Ein neues Rahmenkonzept hat die flexible Ableitung und Nutzung von rheumatologischen Schulungsprogrammen für unterschiedliche Versorgungsbereiche ermöglicht. Auf dieser Grundlage wurde eine 5‑stündige Basisschulung für Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis (RA) entwickelt, es wurden rheumatologische Fachärzte und Psychologen trainiert, und dann wurde die Wirksamkeit nach dem Wirkmodell der Patientenschulung evaluiert.
Methoden
Mit dem Studiendesign einer extern randomisierten Wartekontrollgruppenstudie mit 3 Messzeitpunkten wurde geprüft, wie sich die 5‑stündige Basisschulung auf das Erkrankungs- und Behandlungswissen sowie auf die Gesundheitskompetenz von RA-Patienten (n = 249) auswirkt. Weitere Fragen betrafen Einstellungsparameter, Kommunikationskompetenz, Erkrankungsauswirkungen und die Zufriedenheit mit der Schulung. Die Auswertungen erfolgten auf Intention-to-treat-Basis mit Kovarianzanalysen für die Hauptzielgrößen unter Berücksichtigung des Ausgangswertes.
Ergebnisse
Die Analysen zeigen, dass die Basisschulung RA wirksam ist. Noch 3 Monate nach der Schulung verfügten die Schulungsteilnehmer über mehr Wissen und Gesundheitskompetenz als die Wartekontrollgruppe mit kleinem bis mittelgroßem Effekt (d = 0,37 bzw. 0,38). In den Nebenzielgrößen zeigten sich mit Ausnahme der Krankheitskommunikation keine weiteren Schulungseffekte.
Diskussion
Die Basisschulung bietet eine gute Grundlage, auf der weitere Interventionen zur Verbesserung von Einstellungs- und Erkrankungsparametern aufbauen können. Sie eignet sich damit als zentraler Baustein für die rheumatologische Versorgung auf verschiedenen Ebenen.
Background
Deregulated expression of MYC is a driver of colorectal carcinogenesis, suggesting that decreasing MYC expression may have significant therapeutic value. CIP2A is an oncogenic factor that regulates MYC expression. CIP2A is overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC), and its expression levels are an independent marker for long-term outcome of CRC. Previous studies suggested that CIP2A controls MYC protein expression on a post-transcriptional level.
Methods
To determine the mechanism by which CIP2A regulates MYC in CRC, we dissected MYC translation and stability dependent on CIP2A in CRC cell lines.
Results
Knockdown of CIP2A reduced MYC protein levels without influencing MYC stability in CRC cell lines. Interfering with proteasomal degradation of MYC by usage of FBXW7-deficient cells or treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 did not rescue the effect of CIP2A depletion on MYC protein levels. Whereas CIP2A knockdown had marginal influence on global protein synthesis, we could demonstrate that, by using different reporter constructs and cells expressing MYC mRNA with or without flanking UTR, CIP2A regulates MYC translation. This interaction is mainly conducted by the MYC 5′UTR.
Conclusions
Thus, instead of targeting MYC protein stability as reported for other tissue types before, CIP2A specifically regulates MYC mRNA translation in CRC but has only slight effects on global mRNA translation. In conclusion, we propose as novel mechanism that CIP2A regulates MYC on a translational level rather than affecting MYC protein stability in CRC.
Formation and treatment of biofilms present a great challenge for health care and industry. About 80% of human infections are associated with biofilms including biomaterial centered infections, like infections of prosthetic heart valves, central venous catheters, or urinary catheters. Additionally, biofilms can cause food and drinking water contamination. Biofilm research focusses on application of experimental biofilm models to study initial adherence processes, to optimize physico-chemical properties of medical materials for reducing interactions between materials and bacteria, and to investigate biofilm treatment under controlled conditions. Exploring new antimicrobial strategies plays a key role in a variety of scientific disciplines, like medical material research, anti-infectious research, plant engineering, or wastewater treatment. Although a variety of biofilm models exist, there is a lack of standardization for experimental protocols, and designing experimental setups remains a challenge. In this study, a number of experimental parameters critical for material research have been tested that influence formation and stability of an experimental biofilm using the non-pathogenic model strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. These parameters include experimental time frame, nutrient supply, inoculum concentration, static and dynamic cultivation conditions, material properties, and sample treatment during staining for visualization of the biofilm. It was shown, that all tested parameters critically influence the experimental biofilm formation process. The results obtained in this study shall support material researchers in designing experimental biofilm setups.
Abstract
To compare intravenous contrast material (CM) injection protocols for dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism with regard to image quality and pulmonary perfused blood volume (PBV) values. A total of 198 studies performed with four CM injection protocols varying in CM volume and iodine delivery rates (IDR) were retrospectively included: (A) 60 ml at 5 ml/s (IDR = 1.75gI/s), (B) 50 ml at 5 ml/s (IDR = 1.75gI/s), (C) 50 ml at 4 ml/s (IDR = 1.40gI/s), (D) 40 ml at 3 ml/s (IDR = 1.05gI/s). Image quality and PBV values at different resolution settings were compared. Pulmonary arterial tract attenuation was highest for protocol A (397 ± 110 HU; p vs. B = 0.13; vs. C = 0.02; vs. D < 0.001). CTPA image quality of protocol A was rated superior compared to protocols B and D by reader 1 (p = 0.01; < 0.001), and superior to protocols B, C and D by reader 2 (p < 0.001; 0.02; < 0.001). Otherwise, there were no significant differences in CTPA quality ratings. Subjective iodine map ratings did not vary significantly between protocols A, B, and C. Both readers rated protocol D inferior to all other protocols (p < 0.05). PBV values did not vary significantly between protocols A and B at resolution settings of 1, 4 and 10 (p = 0.10; 0.10; 0.09), while otherwise PBV values displayed a decreasing trend from protocol A to D (p < 0.05). Higher CM volume and IDR are associated with superior CTPA and iodine map quality and higher absolute PBV values.
Purpose
Radiotherapy (RT) was identified as a risk factor for long-term cardiac effects in breast cancer patients treated until the 1990s. However, modern techniques reduce radiation exposure of the heart, but some exposure remains unavoidable. In a retrospective cohort study, we investigated cardiac mortality and morbidity of breast cancer survivors treated with recent RT in Germany.
Methods
A total of 11,982 breast cancer patients treated between 1998 and 2008 were included. A mortality follow-up was conducted until 06/2018. In order to assess cardiac morbidity occurring after breast cancer treatment, a questionnaire was sent out in 2014 and 2019. The effect of breast cancer laterality on cardiac mortality and morbidity was investigated as a proxy for radiation exposure. We used Cox Proportional Hazards regression analysis, taking potential confounders into account.
Results
After a median follow-up time of 11.1 years, there was no significant association of tumor laterality with cardiac mortality in irradiated patients (hazard ratio (HR) for left-sided versus right-sided tumor 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.85–1.41). Furthermore, tumor laterality was not identified as a significant risk factor for cardiac morbidity (HR = 1.05; 95%CI 0.88–1.25).
Conclusions
Even though RT for left-sided breast cancer on average incurs higher radiation dose to the heart than RT for right-sided tumors, we found no evidence that laterality is a strong risk factor for cardiac disease after contemporary RT. However, larger sample sizes, longer follow-up, detailed information on individual risk factors and heart dose are needed to assess clinically manifest late effects of current cancer therapy.
Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts standen sich in Deutschland zwei verschiedene Arten psychiatrischer Institutionen gegenüber, die Anstaltspsychiatrien auf der einen, die universitären psychiatrischen Kliniken auf der anderen Seite. Die psychiatriehistorische Forschung widmete sich überwiegend psychiatrischen Anstalten während Kliniken hier unterrepräsentiert sind. Die vorliegende Arbeit möchte zur historischen Kenntnis universitärer psychiatrischer Einrichtungen beitragen. Hierzu werden die Charakteristika einer psychiatrischen Klinik um 1900 anhand des Beispiels der psychiatrischen Klinik der Universität Würzburg betrachtet. Der Fokus liegt hierbei neben Lage und Aufbau der Klinik sowie deren Personal auf den drei Bereichen Patient*innen, Forschung und Lehre.
Objectives
To determine sleep bruxism (SB) behavior during five consecutive nights and to identify correlations between SB episodes per hour (SB index) and sleep-time masseter-muscle activity (sMMA).
Material and methods
Thirty-one participants were included in the study. Of these, 10 were classified as sleep bruxers (group SB-1) and nine as non-sleep bruxers (group non-SB). The bruxism status of these 19 patients was identified by means of questionnaires, an assessment of clinical symptoms, and electromyographic/electrocardiographic data (Bruxoff® device). The remaining 12 participants were also identified as bruxers, but based exclusively on data from the Bruxoff device (group SB-2). Data analysis included descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation to assess the relationship between the SB index and sMMA.
Results
Participants in group SB-1 showed an overall mean SB index of 3.1 ± 1.6 and a mean total sMMA per night of 62.9 ± 38.3. Participants in group SB-2 had an overall mean SB index of 2.7 ± 1.5 and a mean total sMMA of 56.0 ± 29.3. In the non-SB group, participants showed an overall mean SB index of 0.8 ± 0.5 and a mean total sMMA of 56.8 ± 30.3. Spearman’s correlation yielded values of − 0.27 to 0.71 for the correlation between sMMA and SB index.
Conclusions
The data revealed variable SB activity and the absence of a reliable correlation between sMMA and the SB index.
Clinical relevance
The high variation in SB activity and lack of correlation between sMMA and the SB index should be considered when diagnosing SB.
Trial registration
Clinical Trials [NIH], clinical trial no. NCT03039985.