Refine
Year of publication
- 2020 (1242) (remove)
Document Type
- Journal article (645)
- Doctoral Thesis (487)
- Complete part of issue (49)
- Book article / Book chapter (10)
- Working Paper (10)
- Book (9)
- Preprint (8)
- Master Thesis (6)
- Report (6)
- Review (4)
Language
- English (797)
- German (441)
- French (2)
- Multiple languages (2)
Keywords
- Würzburg (49)
- Wuerzburg (48)
- Wurzburg (48)
- University (47)
- Universität (47)
- multiple myeloma (12)
- boron (10)
- Herzinsuffizienz (8)
- depression (8)
- machine learning (8)
Institute
- Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften (131)
- Graduate School of Life Sciences (85)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II (61)
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie (60)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I (48)
- Universität - Fakultätsübergreifend (45)
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (44)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik I) (38)
- Institut für Organische Chemie (37)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie (ab 2004) (37)
Schriftenreihe
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
- DFG Forschungsgruppe 2757 / Lokale Selbstregelungen im Kontext schwacher Staatlichkeit in Antike und Moderne (LoSAM) (2)
- Siemens AG (2)
- Agricultural Center, BASF SE, 67117 Limburgerhof, Germany (1)
- Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz (1)
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Investigational Toxicology (1)
- Betriebsärztlicher Dienst der Universität Würzburg (1)
- Center of Excellence for Science and Technology - Integration of Mediterranean region (STIM), Faculty of Science, University of Split, Poljička cesta 35, 2100 Split, Croatia (1)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (1)
- Core Unit Systemmedizin (1)
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain (1)
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany (1)
- Deutsches Archäologisches Institut (1)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Raumfahrtsysteme (1)
- Dissertation am Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Bayreuth (1)
- IZKF Universität Würzburg (1)
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie des Universitätsklinikums Würzburg (1)
- Institut für Humangeographie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main (1)
- Institut für Klinische Epidemiologie und Biometrie des Universitätsklinikums Würzburg (1)
- Institut für Musikphysiologie und Musiker-Medizin der Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien, Hannover (1)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Austria (1)
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan (1)
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (1)
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM–CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. (1)
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School (1)
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften Lehrstuhl für Botanik II - Ökophysiologie und Vegetationsökologie (1)
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universität Mainz (1)
- Klinik für Handchirurgie Bad Neustadt a.d. Saale (1)
- Klinik für Handchirurgie Bad Neustadt, Rhön-Klinikum, Bad Neustadt a.d. Saale (1)
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin des Caritas-Krankenhauses Bad Mergentheim (1)
- Klinikum Fulda gAG (1)
- Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität Würzburg: Klinikum Main-Spessart (1)
- Lehrstuhl für Translationale Onkologie (1)
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V. (1)
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center (1)
- Orthopädische Klinik König-Ludwig-Haus (1)
- Orthopädische Klinik und Poliklinik "König-Ludwig-Haus" der Uni Würzburg (1)
- Paul Scherrer Institut (1)
- Pharmacology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa (1)
- Radiologie (1)
- Sportzentrum der Universität Würzburg (1)
- Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm (1)
- University of Duisburg-Essen (1)
- University of Stellenbosch, Division of Medical Virology (1)
- Universität Bayreuth (1)
- Universität Belgrad, Serbien (1)
- Universität Leipzig (1)
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (1)
- Zentrum für Innere Medizin I, Städtisches Klinikum Brandenburg GmbH, Hochschulklinikum der MHB Theodor Fontane (1)
- eXcorLab GmbH (1)
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is an obligate intracellular human pathogen. It causes blinding trachoma and sexually transmitted disease such as chlamydia, pelvic inflammatory disease and lymphogranuloma venereum. Ct has a unique biphasic development cycle and replicates in an intracellular vacuole called inclusion. Normally it has two forms: the infectious form, elementary body (EB); and the non-infectious form, reticulate body (RB). Ct is not easily amenable to genetic manipulation. Hence, to understand the infection process, it is crucial to study how the metabolic activity of Ct exactly evolves in the host cell and what roles of EB and RB play differentially in Ct metabolism during infection. In addition, Ct was found regularly coinfected with other pathogens in patients who got sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). A lack of powerful methods to culture Ct outside of the host cell makes the detailed molecular mechanisms of coinfection difficult to study.
In this work, a genome-scale metabolic model with 321 metabolites and 277 reactions was first reconstructed by me to study Ct metabolic adaptation in the host cell during infection. This model was calculated to yield 84 extreme pathways, and metabolic flux strength was then modelled regarding 20hpi, 40hpi and later based on a published proteomics dataset. Activities of key enzymes involved in target pathways were further validated by RT-qPCR in both HeLa229 and HUVEC cell lines. This study suggests that Ct's major active pathways involve glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycerolphospholipid biosynthesis and pentose phosphate pathway, while Ct's incomplete tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid biosynthesis are less active. EB is more activated in almost all these carbohydrate pathways than RB. Result suggests the survival of Ct generally requires a lot of acetyl-CoA from the host. Besides, both EB and RB can utilize folate biosynthesis to generate NAD(P)H but may use different pathways depending on the demands of ATP. When more ATP is available from both host cell and Ct itself, RB is more activated by utilizing energy providing chemicals generated by enzymes associated in the nucleic acid metabolism. The forming of folate also suggests large glutamate consumption, which is supposed to be converted from glutamine by the glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (glmS) and CTP synthase (pyrG).
Then, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data analysis was performed by me in a coinfection study. Metatranscriptome from patient RNA-seq data provides a realistic overview. Thirteen patient samples were collected and sequenced by our collaborators. Six male samples were obtained by urethral swab, and seven female samples were collected by cervicovaginal lavage. All the samples were Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) positive, and half of them had coinfection with Ct. HISAT2 and Stringtie were used for transcriptomic mapping and assembly respectively, and differential expression analysis by DESeq2, Ballgown and Cuffdiff2 are parallelly processed for comparison. Although the measured transcripts were not sufficient to assemble Ct's transcriptome, the differential expression of genes in both the host and GC were analyzed by comparing Ct positive group (Ct+) against Ct-uninfected group. The results show that in the Ct+ group, the host MHC class II immune response was highly induced. Ct infection is associated with the regulation of DNA methylation, DNA double-strand damage and ubiquitination. The analysis also shows Ct infection enhances host fatty acid beta oxidation, thereby inducing mROS, and the host responds to reduce ceramide production and glycolysis. The coinfection upregulates GC's own ion transporters and amino acid uptake, while it downregulates GC's restriction and modification systems. Meanwhile, GC has the nitrosative and oxidative stress response and also increases the ability for ferric uptake especially in the Ct+ group compared to Ct-uninfected group.
In conclusion, methods in bioinformatics were used here in analyzing the metabolism of Ct itself, and the responses of the host and GC respectively in a coinfection study with and without Ct. These methods provide metabolic and metatranscriptomic details to study Ct metabolism during infection and Ct associated coinfection in the human microbiota.
From the simplest single-cellular organism to the most complex multicellular life forms, genetic information in form of DNA represents the universal basis for all biological processes and thus for life itself. Maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the genome is therefore of paramount importance for every single cell. DNA itself, as an active and complex macromolecular structure, is both substrate and product of many of these biochemical processes. A cornerstone of DNA maintenance is thus established by the tight regulation of the multitude of reactions in DNA metabolism, repressing adverse side reactions and ensuring the integrity of DNA in sequence and function. The family of RecQ helicases has emerged as a vital class of enzymes that facilitate genomic integrity by operating in a versatile spectrum of nucleic acid metabolism processes, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, transcription and telomere stability. RecQ helicases are ubiquitously expressed and conserved in all kingdoms of life. Human cells express five different RecQ enzymes, RecQ1, BLM, WRN, RecQ4 and RecQ5, which all exhibit individual as well as overlapping functions in the maintenance of genomic integrity. Dysfunction of three human RecQ helicases, BLM, WRN and RecQ4, causes different heritable cancer susceptibility syndromes, supporting the theory that genomic instability is a molecular driving force for cancer development. However, based on their inherent DNA protective nature, RecQ helicases represent a double-edged sword in the maintenance of genomic integrity. While their activity in normal cells is essential to prevent cancerogenesis and cellular aging, cancer cells may exploit this DNA protective function by the overexpression of many RecQ helicases, aiding to overcome the disadvantageous results of unchecked DNA replication and simultaneously gaining resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, detailed knowledge how RecQ helicases warrant genomic integrity is required to understand their implication in cancerogenesis and aging, thus setting the stage to develop new strategies towards the treatment of cancer.
The current study presents and discusses the first high-resolution X-ray structure of the human RecQ4 helicase. The structure encompasses the conserved RecQ4 helicase core, including a large fraction of its unique C- terminus. Our structural analysis of the RecQ4 model highlights distinctive differences and unexpected similarities to other, structurally conserved, RecQ helicases and permits to draw conclusions about the functional implications of the unique domains within the RecQ4 C-terminus. The biochemical characterization of various RecQ4 variants provides functional insights into the RecQ4 helicase mechanism, suggesting that RecQ4 might utilize an alternative DNA strand separation technique, compared to other human RecQ family members. Finally, the RecQ4 model permits for the first time the analysis of multiple documented RecQ4 patient mutations at the atomic level and thus provides the possibility for an advanced interpretation of particular structure-function relationships in RecQ4 pathogenesis.