Filtern
Volltext vorhanden
- ja (492)
Erscheinungsjahr
Dokumenttyp
- Artikel / Aufsatz in einer Zeitschrift (326)
- Dissertation (163)
- Report (Bericht) (2)
- Buch (1)
Schlagworte
- ischemic stroke (27)
- multiple sclerosis (22)
- Multiple Sklerose (17)
- Parkinson’s disease (17)
- deep brain stimulation (17)
- neuroinflammation (17)
- Fabry disease (16)
- Parkinson's disease (16)
- Schlaganfall (16)
- neuropathic pain (15)
- stroke (15)
- Polyneuropathie (14)
- Medizin (12)
- Parkinson-Krankheit (12)
- inflammation (12)
- pain (11)
- Neuropathie (10)
- neuropathy (9)
- Schmerz (8)
- dystonia (8)
- subthalamic nucleus (8)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth (7)
- biomarker (7)
- dopamine (7)
- macrophages (7)
- mouse model (7)
- neurology (7)
- small fiber neuropathy (7)
- B cells (6)
- Fabry-Krankheit (6)
- Hautbiopsie (6)
- MS (6)
- Maus (6)
- Neurodegeneration (6)
- Neuropathischer Schmerz (6)
- Pain (6)
- Parkinson (6)
- acute ischemic stroke (6)
- antibodies (6)
- cytokines (6)
- depression (6)
- fibromyalgia syndrome (6)
- neurodegeneration (6)
- Autoantikörper (5)
- B7-H1 (5)
- Biomarker (5)
- Dystonie (5)
- EAE (5)
- Entzündung (5)
- Fibromyalgie (5)
- MRI (5)
- Makrophage (5)
- Neurofascin (5)
- Ranvier-Schnürring (5)
- autoantibodies (5)
- blood-brain barrier (5)
- gene expression (5)
- movement disorders (5)
- neuroprotection (5)
- skin biopsy (5)
- traumatic brain injury (5)
- tremor (5)
- ALS (4)
- CCI (4)
- Cytokines (4)
- GFAP (4)
- Immunsystem (4)
- Makrophagen (4)
- Myelin (4)
- Nervenfaser (4)
- Neuroinflammation (4)
- Neuronale Plastizität (4)
- Neuropathy (4)
- Parkinson disease (4)
- Propriozeption (4)
- Puppenhandillusion (4)
- T-Lymphozyt (4)
- blood–brain barrier (4)
- disease (4)
- factor XII (4)
- gait initiation (4)
- immunohistochemistry (4)
- macrophage (4)
- magnetic resonance imaging (4)
- mechanical thrombectomy (4)
- mice (4)
- microRNA (4)
- middle cerebral artery occlusion (4)
- mutation (4)
- myelin (4)
- platelets (4)
- polyneuropathy (4)
- regulatory T cells (4)
- skin punch biopsy (4)
- thrombo-inflammation (4)
- walking (4)
- Autoantibodies (3)
- Biopsie (3)
- Blut-Hirn-Schranke (3)
- CMT (3)
- COVID-19 (3)
- Carotisstenose (3)
- Caspr (3)
- Charcot-Marie-Syndrom (3)
- Chemokine (3)
- DYT1 (3)
- ELISPOT (3)
- Entmarkung (3)
- Fabry (3)
- Fabry-associated pain (3)
- Gehirn (3)
- Genexpression (3)
- Guillain-Barré-Syndrom (3)
- HBMEC (3)
- Inflammation (3)
- Macrophage (3)
- Mausmodell (3)
- Mice (3)
- Multiple sclerosis (3)
- Natalizumab (3)
- Nervendegeneration (3)
- Neuralgie (3)
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) (3)
- Optic neuritis (3)
- PNP (3)
- Peripheres Nervensystem (3)
- Rehabilitation (3)
- Synuclein <alpha-> (3)
- T-lymphocytes (3)
- Ultraschalldiagnostik (3)
- Ureaplasma parvum (3)
- Zytokine (3)
- adaptive immune system (3)
- animal models (3)
- anxiety (3)
- basal ganglia (3)
- biomarkers (3)
- brain (3)
- cerebellar tDCS (3)
- cerebral ischemia (3)
- cervical dystonia (3)
- children (3)
- chronic pain (3)
- closed head injury (3)
- complement (3)
- corneal confocal microscopy (3)
- criteria (3)
- degeneration (3)
- dementia (3)
- enzyme replacement therapy (3)
- essential tremor (3)
- experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (3)
- experimental stroke (3)
- expression (3)
- fibromyalgia (3)
- gait analysis (3)
- genetics (3)
- immune cells (3)
- immune system (3)
- inflammasome (3)
- kinematics (3)
- length of stenosis (3)
- local field potentials (3)
- lymphocytes (3)
- meningitis (3)
- mesencephalic locomotor region (3)
- miRNA (3)
- motor learning (3)
- neuroimmunology (3)
- neuropathischer Schmerz (3)
- neutrophils (3)
- photothrombotic stroke (3)
- quality of life (3)
- rehabilitation (3)
- rubber hand illusion (3)
- stroke unit (3)
- tMCAO (3)
- therapy (3)
- tight junctions (3)
- transplantation (3)
- trial (3)
- Acetylcholinrezeptor (2)
- Altern (2)
- Alzheimer’s disease (2)
- Antikörper (2)
- Arteria carotis interna (2)
- B-lymphocytes (2)
- Basalganglien (2)
- CIDP (2)
- CNS (2)
- Cerebrospinal fluid (2)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (2)
- Cortactin (2)
- Crush (2)
- Cytokine (2)
- Degeneration (2)
- Diabetes mellitus (2)
- Diagnosis (2)
- Dystonia (2)
- Elektrophysiologie (2)
- Encephalopathia hepatica (2)
- Enzyme replacement therapy (2)
- Evoziertes Potenzial (2)
- Fabry genotype (2)
- Fabry phenotype (2)
- Fc-receptor (2)
- Fibromyalgia (2)
- Fibromyalgia syndrome (2)
- Glatiramer acetate (2)
- Guillain-Barre-Syndrome (2)
- Guillain-Barré syndrome (2)
- HLA-G (2)
- Haut (2)
- Hautstanzbiopsie (2)
- Ischemic stroke (2)
- Komplement (2)
- Körperselbstgefühl (2)
- Körperwahrnehmung (2)
- LTD (2)
- Langerhans cells (2)
- Langzeitdepression (2)
- Lewy-like pathology (2)
- Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) (2)
- MBP (2)
- MCP-1 (2)
- Mechanisms (2)
- Meningitis (2)
- Microglia (2)
- Morbus Fabry (2)
- Motorisches Lernen (2)
- Multiple Sclerosis (2)
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG) (2)
- NEUROWIND (2)
- NLRP3 (2)
- NMR-Tomographie (2)
- NOAC (2)
- Nervenbiopsie (2)
- Neuroimmunologie (2)
- Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (2)
- Nucleus subthalamicus (2)
- Outcome survey (2)
- PET (2)
- Peripheral nervous system (2)
- Proprioception (2)
- Quantitative sensorische Testung (2)
- Schwann cell (2)
- Serotonin (2)
- Small fiber Neuropathie (2)
- Small fiber neuropathy (2)
- Spinalganglion (2)
- Stroke (2)
- Stroke unit (2)
- T cells (2)
- T lymphocytes (2)
- T-Lymphozyten (2)
- TDMT (2)
- Tiermodell (2)
- Tourette syndrome (2)
- Transkranielle magnetische Stimulation (2)
- Treatment (2)
- Ultraschall (2)
- Ureaplasma urealyticum (2)
- Zentralnervensystem (2)
- accuracy (2)
- aging (2)
- amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis (2)
- anticoagulation (2)
- atrial fibrillation (2)
- autoantibody (2)
- autoimmune (2)
- autoimmunity (2)
- axonal damage (2)
- axonaler Schaden (2)
- base of support (2)
- beta oscillations (2)
- binding (2)
- biopsy (2)
- blood brain barrier (2)
- blood flow (2)
- blood pressure (2)
- blood-brain-barrier (2)
- c-Fos (2)
- caregiver burden (2)
- carotid atherosclerosis (2)
- carotid stenosis (2)
- carotid ultrasound (2)
- central nervous system (2)
- cerebral autoregulation (2)
- cerebrovascular disorders (2)
- chemokines (2)
- chronic cerebrovascular disease (2)
- cognitive impairment (2)
- colony-stimulating factor (2)
- consolidation (2)
- contact-kinin system (2)
- cytokine (2)
- degree of stenosis (2)
- demyelination (2)
- diabetic neuropathy (2)
- diagnosis (2)
- diagnostic markers (2)
- differential diagnosis (2)
- dimethyl fumarate (2)
- disability (2)
- diseases of the nervous system (2)
- echocardiography (2)
- edema (2)
- electrophysiology (2)
- endoglin (2)
- endothelial cells (2)
- freezing of gait (2)
- gait (2)
- gene (2)
- generalized cerebral edema (2)
- glial fate modulation (2)
- globotriaosylceramide (2)
- glycoprotein receptor Ib (2)
- guidelines (2)
- hearing loss (2)
- heart failure (2)
- hypoxia (2)
- immunomodulation (2)
- in vivo imaging (2)
- induced pluripotent stem cells (2)
- ion channels (2)
- ischemic penumbra (2)
- just noticeable difference (JND) (2)
- lesions (2)
- leukocytes (2)
- locus coeruleus (2)
- machine learning (2)
- major depression (2)
- miR-21 (2)
- miRNS (2)
- microglia (2)
- mitochondria (2)
- mortality (2)
- mouse models (2)
- multiple system atrophy (2)
- multiple-sclerosis (2)
- musical syntax (2)
- nerve biopsy (2)
- nerve fibers (2)
- nerve fibres (2)
- neurofilament light chain (2)
- neurological disorders (2)
- neuronal plasticity (2)
- neurons (2)
- opioids (2)
- outcomes (2)
- pain questionnaire (2)
- pain-related evoked potentials (2)
- parkinson's disease (2)
- pathogenesis (2)
- peripheral nervous system (2)
- peripheral neuropathy (2)
- photothrombosis (2)
- predictive value (2)
- prognosis (2)
- protein (2)
- psychophysics (2)
- quantitative sensory testing (2)
- randomized controlled trial (2)
- rat (2)
- relapse (2)
- renal system (2)
- resting tremor (2)
- reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (2)
- second hit (2)
- small fiber pathology (2)
- spinal cord (2)
- split-belt treadmill (2)
- striatum (2)
- stroke care (2)
- synaptic vesicles (2)
- tDCS (2)
- telemedicine (2)
- thrombolysis (2)
- thrombosis (2)
- time perception (2)
- transcranial magnetic stimulation (2)
- transient ischemic attack (2)
- transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (2)
- ultrasound (2)
- velocity (2)
- voluntary movement (2)
- von Willebrand factor (2)
- α-synuclein (2)
- (Para-)nodale Autoantikörper (1)
- 2B (1)
- 3D fluoroscopy (1)
- 3D structure (1)
- 3D-Struktur (1)
- 5-Dihydroxycinnamat (1)
- 5-HIAA (1)
- 5-HTT Knock Out (1)
- 5-dihydroxycinnamate (1)
- 5IA-SPECT (1)
- 65-kda isoform (1)
- A delta-Faser (1)
- A-delta fibers (1)
- A53T (1)
- A53T mutation (1)
- A53T-Mutation (1)
- ACE (1)
- ADHD (1)
- ALS mimic (1)
- ALS treatment (1)
- ALSIN gene (1)
- APERIO (1)
- APERIO Hybrid (1)
- AQP (1)
- AQP4 (1)
- ASC (1)
- ASIC 3 (1)
- ATF3 (1)
- Abciximab (1)
- Adaptive cell transfer (1)
- Adaptives Immunsystem (1)
- Adaptorproteine (1)
- Adult patients (1)
- Affekt (1)
- Agalsidase beta (1)
- Agalsidase beta therapy (1)
- Agaphelin (1)
- Age (1)
- Agrin (1)
- Alemtuzumab (1)
- Alkoholische Polyneuropathie (1)
- Allodynie (1)
- Alpha galactosidase (1)
- Alpha-Synuclein (1)
- Alter (1)
- Alzheimer disease (1)
- Alzheimer’s dementia (1)
- Amitriptylin (1)
- Amplitude (1)
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) (1)
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Assessment Questionnaire 5 (ALSAQ-5) (1)
- Anderson-Fabry Disease (1)
- Aneurysma (1)
- Animal models (1)
- Anosognosie (1)
- Anti-Neurofascin-Autoantikörper-assoziierten Neuropathie (1)
- Antibody index (1)
- Antigen CD8 (1)
- Antikoagulation (1)
- Antiparanodal Autoantibodies (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Apoptosis (1)
- Approved immunomodulators (1)
- Aquaporin 4 (1)
- Aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-Ig, NMO-IgG)G (1)
- Aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG) (1)
- Aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG, NMO-IgG) (1)
- Aquaporin4 (1)
- Arteria cerebri media (1)
- Arterial Diameters (1)
- Arterial water (1)
- Asomatognosie (1)
- Ataxia (1)
- Atrial fibrillation (1)
- Atrophie (1)
- Autoantigen (1)
- Autoimmun (1)
- Autoimmunität (1)
- Axon (1)
- Axon degeneration (1)
- Axonal degeneration (1)
- Azathioprine (1)
- Aδ- and C-fibers (1)
- B-Lymphocyten (1)
- BB/OKL rats (1)
- BCI (1)
- BDNF (1)
- Barkhof criteria (1)
- Barthel Index (1)
- Barthel-Index modified Rankin-Scale (1)
- Barthel-Index modifizierte Rankin-Skala (1)
- Basal Ganglia (1)
- Basal ganglia (1)
- Beam-Walking-Test (1)
- Beta-glucocerebrosidase (1)
- Bewegungsstörung (1)
- Bildgebung (1)
- Biopsiediagnostik von entzündlichen Polyneuropathien (1)
- Blutgerinnungsfaktor XII (1)
- Borrelien (1)
- Borreliose (1)
- Borreliosis (1)
- Braak (1)
- Brain (1)
- Brain atrophy (1)
- Brain edema (1)
- Brain ischemia (1)
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (1)
- Brainstem encephalitis (1)
- C-Faser (1)
- C.376A>G (p.S126G) (1)
- C1-inhibitor (1)
- C57BL/6 mice (1)
- CAS (1)
- CCL2 (1)
- CCS (1)
- CD105 (1)
- CD133 (1)
- CD52 (1)
- CEA (1)
- CLN3 (1)
- CMV (1)
- CNS Myelination (1)
- CNS disease (1)
- CNS imaging (1)
- CNS integrity (1)
- COMPLEX 1 (1)
- COU254 (1)
- CRPS (1)
- CSF (1)
- CSF-1 (1)
- CSF-1 Rezeptor (1)
- CSF-1 Rezeptor Inhibitor (1)
- CSF-1 receptor (1)
- CSF-1 receptor inhibitor (1)
- CSF-1-Rezeptor-Inhibitor (1)
- CSVD (1)
- CXCL10 (1)
- CXCL4 (1)
- CXCL5 (1)
- CXCL7 (1)
- CXCL8 (1)
- CXCR2 (1)
- Ca2+ homeostasis (1)
- Ca2+ ion analysis (1)
- Ca2+ leak (1)
- Ca2+ oscillation (1)
- Campylobacter jejuni (1)
- Capsaicin (1)
- Capsaicin receptor (1)
- Carotis (1)
- Carotischirurgie (1)
- Caspase (1)
- Caspr1 (1)
- Cell Index (1)
- Cell therapy (1)
- Cell-based assays (1)
- Central Nervous System (1)
- Cerebellitis (1)
- Cerebral blood flow (1)
- Cerebral small vessel disease (1)
- Cerebral vasospasm (1)
- Cerebral-ischemia (1)
- Cgrin (1)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathie (1)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy (1)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrom (1)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth-Hoffmann-Syndrom (1)
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (1)
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A (1)
- Chemokine Receptor (1)
- Chemokinrezeptors (1)
- CholinomiRs (1)
- Chronic Constriction Injury (1)
- Chronic heart failure (1)
- Chronic neuropathic pain (1)
- Chronische Niereninsuffizienz (1)
- Chronischer Schmerz (1)
- Cisterna magna (1)
- Clinical manifestations (1)
- Clinically silent stroke (1)
- Coefficient (1)
- Cognitive behavior (1)
- Cognitive decline (1)
- Cold (1)
- Computertomographie (1)
- Connexin32 deficient mice (1)
- Connexin32-defiziente Maus (1)
- Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (1)
- Contactin (1)
- Contactin 1 (1)
- Corneal confocal microscopy (1)
- Corneale confocale Mikroskopie (1)
- Cortico-striatal projection neurons (1)
- Crespi effect (1)
- Cyclophosphamid (1)
- Cyclophosphamide (1)
- D313Y genotype (1)
- DARPA (1)
- DBS biomarkers (1)
- DBS programming (1)
- DOPA-responsive-dystonia (1)
- DYT-TOR1A (1)
- Deep Brain Stimulation (1)
- Deeskalation (1)
- Deeskalationstherapie (1)
- Deflazacort (1)
- Dekompressionskraniektomie (1)
- Delphi procedure (1)
- Demenz (1)
- Demyelinating peripheral neuropathy (1)
- Demyelination (1)
- Demyelinisierung (1)
- Dendritische Zelle (1)
- Denervierung (1)
- Devic Maus (1)
- Devic mice (1)
- Devic’s syndrome (1)
- Diabetic polyneuropathy (1)
- Diabetische Neuropathie (1)
- Diabetische Polyneuropathie (1)
- Dialyse (1)
- Diapedese (1)
- Dimethylfumarat (1)
- Diplopia Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) (1)
- Disease (1)
- Donor lymphocytes (1)
- Dopamine (1)
- Dorsal Root Ganglion (1)
- Dorsal root ganglion (1)
- Dose reduction (1)
- Double hemorrhage model (1)
- Drosophila (1)
- Duchenne dystrphy (1)
- Durchblutung (1)
- Dyskinesie (1)
- EAAT2 (1)
- ECM (1)
- EEG (1)
- EEG data (1)
- EMG (1)
- ER Ca2+ imaging (1)
- ER Ca2+ store (1)
- ERK1/2 (1)
- ERT (1)
- ET (1)
- Edema (1)
- Effekte von Contactin-1-IgG-Patientenantikörpern im Zellkulturmodell (1)
- El Escorial (1)
- Electrophysiology (1)
- Embryonalentwicklung (1)
- Emotionales Verhalten (1)
- Encephalitis (1)
- Endarteriektomie (1)
- Endothelzelle (1)
- English version (1)
- Entzündungsreaktion (1)
- Entzündungsschmerz (1)
- Enzephalitis (1)
- Epilepsy (1)
- Epitop (1)
- Erbliche Neuropathien (1)
- Ereigniskorreliertes Potenzial (1)
- Erregbarkeit (1)
- Escalation therapy (1)
- Eskalationstherapie (1)
- Essentieller Tremor (1)
- EuroQol Five Dimension Five Level Scale (EQ-5D-5L) (1)
- Evoked potentials (1)
- Evozierte Potenziale (1)
- Experimental stroke (1)
- Experimentaltumor (1)
- Experimenteller Schlaganfall (1)
- Expression (1)
- F-18-FDG PET (1)
- FOSMN (1)
- FOXP3 (1)
- FP-CIT SPECT (1)
- FSHD (1)
- FTY720 (1)
- FTY720-P (1)
- FXII (1)
- FXIIa inhibitor rHA-Infestin (1)
- Fabry cardiomyopathy (1)
- Fabry nephropathy (1)
- Fabry’s disease (1)
- Facial nerve palsy (1)
- Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (1)
- Factor messenger-RNA (1)
- Fatigue (1)
- Fc-Rezeptor (1)
- Fibroblasten (1)
- Fibroblasts (1)
- Fluoreszenz (1)
- Fluoreszenzmikroskopie (1)
- Focal dystonie (1)
- Frabin/Fgd4 (1)
- Funktionelle Kernspintomografie (1)
- GABAergic neurons (1)
- GAP 43 (1)
- GCH1 (1)
- GFAP-astrocytopathies (1)
- GLA KO mouse model (1)
- GP-IIb/IIIa-Antagonist (1)
- GP-IIb/IIIa-antagonist (1)
- GRAID (1)
- Gait initiation (1)
- Gedächtnis (1)
- Gefäßverschluss (1)
- Gehirn-Computer-Schnittstelle (1)
- Gene-expression (1)
- Genetik (1)
- Genmutation (1)
- Geriatrics (1)
- Geriatrie (1)
- Geste (1)
- Gland (1)
- Glial fibrillary acidic protein (1)
- Glioblastoma (1)
- Glioma stem cells (1)
- Glutamic-acid decarboxylase anxiety (1)
- Guillain-Barr'e-Syndrom (1)
- Guillain-Barré Syndrom (1)
- HMGB1 (1)
- HMSN (1)
- HMSN immune cells (1)
- HPF (1)
- HRUS (1)
- Hautzelle (1)
- Head-injury (1)
- Hearing loss (1)
- Heat Hyperalgesia (1)
- Hemodynamic depression (1)
- Heparin (1)
- Hepatische Enzephalopathie (1)
- Hereditary spastic paraplegia (1)
- Hereditäre Neuropathien (1)
- Hereditäre spastische Spinalparalyse (1)
- Hereditäre spastsiche Paraplegie (1)
- Heriditary sensor and motor neuropathy (1)
- Heriditäre sensomotorische Neuropathie (1)
- Herpesvirus 6 (1)
- Hirnblutung (1)
- Hirndruck (1)
- Hirnstimulation (1)
- Hirnödem (1)
- Hornhaut (1)
- Hyperalgesia (1)
- Hyperalgesie (1)
- IBA-1 (1)
- ICB (1)
- ICH (1)
- IENFD (1)
- IL-15 (1)
- IL-22 binding protein isoform (1)
- IL-4 (1)
- IL22RA2 (1)
- IPND criteria (1)
- IVIG (1)
- IVIg (1)
- Identification (1)
- Idiopathisches Parkinson-Syndrom (1)
- IgG (1)
- Ih (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Immune cells (1)
- Immune system (1)
- Immunfluoreszenz (1)
- Immunmodulation (1)
- Immunoblot (1)
- Immunreaktion (1)
- Immunzellen (1)
- Impfung (1)
- Improvement (1)
- Infarkt (1)
- Infections (1)
- Inflamamtion (1)
- Influenza (1)
- Infrarotspektroskopie (1)
- Inherited neuropathies (1)
- Innervation (1)
- Insulin (1)
- Integrin (1)
- Integrin alpha-4 (1)
- IntelliCage (1)
- Interferon <beta-> (1)
- Interferon beta (1)
- Interleukin-18 (1)
- Interleukin-4 (1)
- Interleukin-6 (1)
- Interleukin-6-Deficient mice (1)
- International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (1)
- Intractable nausea and vomiting (1)
- Intraepidermale Nervenfaserdichte (1)
- Intrathekale Applikation (1)
- Intravascular coagulation (1)
- Intrinsische Gerinnungskaskade (1)
- Ischemia (1)
- Ischämischer Schlaganfall (1)
- Ixolaris (1)
- JCV (1)
- K+ channel (1)
- K2P channels (1)
- KCNK5 (1)
- K\(_{2P}\)5.1 (1)
- Kaliumkanal (1)
- Kallikrein-Kinin-System (1)
- Kleinfaserneuropathie (1)
- Kleinfaseruntersuchungen (1)
- Kleinhirn (1)
- Knochentumor (1)
- Ko-inhibitorischer Signalweg (1)
- Kognition (1)
- Kognition bei mHE (1)
- Komplement <Immunologie> (1)
- Komplementsystem (1)
- Konfokale Mikroskopie (1)
- Konsolidierung (1)
- Kontrastmittel (1)
- Kopfschemata (1)
- Kortikobasales Syndrom (1)
- Kostimulation (1)
- Kreuzreaktivität (1)
- Kritische Flimmerfrequenz (1)
- L-DOPA (1)
- LI-rTMS (1)
- LIMP-2 (1)
- LSVT-big therapy (1)
- LVO (1)
- Ladder-Rung-Walking-Test (1)
- Laktat (1)
- Landouzy-Déjerine-Atrophie (1)
- Langzeitpotenzierung (1)
- Latenzänderung (1)
- Lebensqualität bei mHE (1)
- Lebensqualität nach stroke (1)
- Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (1)
- Lewy-Pathologie (1)
- Limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) (1)
- Liquor cerebrospinalis (1)
- Lokale Feldpotentialaktivität (1)
- Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (1)
- Lyme-Krankheit (1)
- Lyme-disease (1)
- Lymphozyten (1)
- Lymphozyten mediierter Angriff auf Neurone (1)
- Lysosomal storage disease (1)
- Ländliche Klinik (1)
- M. Fabry (1)
- M.Fabry (1)
- MCC950 (1)
- MDL-28170 (1)
- MIBG scintigraphy (1)
- MIC ligands (1)
- MMN (1)
- MMP9 (1)
- MOC fibers (1)
- MOG (1)
- MOG-IgG (1)
- MPZ (P0) (1)
- MRI criteria (1)
- MRI lesion study (1)
- MRT (1)
- MRT-Läsionsstudie (1)
- MSSS (1)
- Macrophages (1)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- Magnetic-resonance (1)
- Matched pairs (1)
- McDonald criteria (1)
- Mediated Inflammatory Hyperalgesia (1)
- Medium spiny neurons (1)
- Memory dysfunction (1)
- Meningoencephalitis (1)
- Meningoenzephalitis (1)
- Merkel cell density (1)
- Merkel cells (1)
- Merkelzelle (1)
- Mesencephal Locomotor Region (1)
- Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (1)
- Mesenzephale Lokomotor Region (1)
- Methotrexate (1)
- Methyl-2 (1)
- Methylmalonsäure (1)
- Microarray (1)
- Middle cerebral artery infarction (1)
- Migräne (1)
- Mikroblutung (1)
- Mikroglia (1)
- Mikroglobulin <beta-2-> (1)
- Mikroneurographie (1)
- Mitoxantron (1)
- Miyoshi myopathy (1)
- Model (1)
- Molecular-weight heparin (1)
- Mononeuropathie (1)
- Monopolar depression (1)
- Morbus Parkinson (1)
- Morphologie <Biologie> (1)
- Motoneuron (1)
- Motoneuronen (1)
- Motor Control (1)
- Motor cortex (1)
- Motor learning (1)
- Motor nerve biopsy (1)
- Motor plasticity (1)
- Motoradaptation (1)
- Motorische Endplatte (1)
- Motorkonsolidierung (1)
- Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIa (1)
- Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada (1)
- Multiplen Sklerose (1)
- Multisensorische Integration (1)
- Musikwahrnehmung (1)
- Muskel (1)
- Muskelhypertonie (1)
- Muster (1)
- Myasthenia gravis (1)
- Myatrophische Lateralsklerose (1)
- Mycobacterium caprae (1)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (1)
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies (1)
- Myelinopathie (1)
- Myelinopathy (1)
- Myelinprotein (1)
- Myelitis (1)
- Myeloma (1)
- Myoblast (1)
- Myoblasten (1)
- Myopathie (1)
- Mysthenia Gravis (1)
- NADPH oxidase inhibitors (1)
- NAP-2 (1)
- NETs (1)
- NF-\(\kappa\)B (1)
- NF-κB (1)
- NKG2D (1)
- NKG2D ligands (1)
- NLG (1)
- NMO (1)
- NMO-IGG (1)
- NMOSD (1)
- NPC1 gene (1)
- NPC2 gene (1)
- NPSI (1)
- NaV1.9 (1)
- Nahinfrarot-Spektroskopie (1)
- Natriumkanal (1)
- Nav1.8 (1)
- Nav1.9 (1)
- Necrosis-factor-Alpha (1)
- Nerve growth-factorcopy (1)
- Nervenregeneration (1)
- Nervenregeneration ; Periphere Nervenverletzung ; Neuromuskuläre Krankheit ; Axonverletzung ; Entmarkung (1)
- Nervensonographie (1)
- Nervenultraschall (1)
- Nestin (1)
- Neuroborreliose (1)
- Neurodegenerative Erkrankung (1)
- Neurofascin-155-IgG4-(Para-)nodopathie (1)
- Neurofascin-155-IgM (1)
- Neurofeedback (1)
- Neurogenic inflammation (1)
- Neurogeriatrie (1)
- Neurologie (1)
- Neuromyelitis Optica (1)
- Neuromyelitis optica (1)
- Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) (1)
- Neuromyelitis optica antibodies (NMO-IgG) (1)
- Neuronale Ceroid Lipofuszinose (1)
- Neuropathic Pain (1)
- Neuroplastizität (1)
- Neuropsychologie (1)
- Neuropsychologischer Test (1)
- Neuroregeneration (1)
- Neurotrophe Faktoren (1)
- Neurotrophic Factors (1)
- Neurotrophic factors (1)
- Neurotrophine (1)
- Neutralisation <Chemie> (1)
- Neutrophil (1)
- NfL (1)
- Nicht-motorische Begleitsymptome (1)
- Nicotinischer Acetylcholinrezeptor (1)
- Niederfrequenzstimulation (1)
- Niemann–Pick disease type C (1)
- Nociceptor (1)
- Nodo-parandopathy (1)
- Nozizeptor (1)
- OCB (1)
- ON-Freezing (1)
- Ofatumumab (1)
- Oligoclonal bands (1)
- Oncostatin-M-Receptor (1)
- Opioid receptor (1)
- Opioidrezeptor (1)
- Optical coherence tomography (1)
- Optikusnervenscheidendurchmesser (1)
- Orai2 (1)
- Oral anticoagulation (1)
- Osteopontin (1)
- Outcome (1)
- P300 Welle (1)
- PD-1 (1)
- PD-L1 (1)
- PF4 (1)
- PHES (1)
- PI3K isoforms (1)
- PML (1)
- PMP22 (1)
- PPAR-gamme (1)
- PREP (1)
- Pain questionnaire (1)
- Pain-related evoked potentials (1)
- Pan-Neurofascin-IgG3 (1)
- Paradoxical heat sensation (1)
- Paranodale und nodale Autoantikörper (1)
- Paranodopathie (1)
- Parkinson Krankheit (1)
- Parkinson's Disease (1)
- Parkinsons disease (1)
- Parkionson's disease (1)
- Partial Sciatic Transection (1)
- Passiv-Transfer (1)
- Pathomechanismus (1)
- Pathophysiologie (1)
- Patient Reported Outcome (1)
- Pedunculopontiner tegmentaler Nukleus (1)
- Perfusion (1)
- Peripheral Inflammation (1)
- Periphere Nerven (1)
- Periphere mononukleäre Zellen (1)
- Pharmacological management (1)
- Phosphodiesterasehemmer (1)
- Photothrombotic Stroke (1)
- Physiotherapie (1)
- Pilzkörper (1)
- Plasma extravasation (1)
- Plasmakallikrein (1)
- Plasmakallikrein ischämischer Schlaganfall (1)
- Plastizität (1)
- Platelets (1)
- Pleckstrin homology containing family member 5 (Plekhg5) (1)
- Pointing error (1)
- Polyneuropathy (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Procalcitonin (1)
- Prodigy (1)
- Prognose (1)
- Prognostik (1)
- Progressive supranuclear palsy (1)
- Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1)
- Protonen (1)
- Protonenspektroskopie (1)
- Psychologische Diagnostik (1)
- Psychophysik (1)
- QSART (1)
- QST (1)
- Quality of life (1)
- Quantitativ Sensorische Testung (1)
- Quantitative Sensorische Testung (1)
- Quantitativer sudomotorischer Axonreflextest (1)
- R-715 (1)
- RAG-1 (1)
- RECK (1)
- RKIP (1)
- RNA extraction (1)
- RT-PCR (1)
- Randomized controlled trial (1)
- Randomized controlled-trial (1)
- Ranvier'sche Schnürringe (1)
- Rasmussen-Syndrom (1)
- Rat (1)
- Rat Sensory Neurons (1)
- Rats (1)
- Ratte (1)
- Raumwahrnehmung (1)
- Receptors (1)
- Regeneration (1)
- Regenerative medicine (1)
- Regulatorische T-Zellen (1)
- Regulatory T cells (1)
- Resilienz (1)
- Respiratory insufficiency (1)
- Retinal degeneration (1)
- Revaskularisierung (1)
- Rheumatoid-Arthritis (1)
- Rho-GTPase Cdc42 (1)
- Rhombencephalitis (1)
- Rhythmusperzeption (1)
- Richardson-Olszewski-Syndrome (1)
- Rituximab (1)
- Rochester diabetic neuropathy (1)
- SARS-CoV (1)
- SB332235 (1)
- SERCA (1)
- SHRSP (1)
- SMA (1)
- SNI (1)
- SOD1 mutations (1)
- SPECT (1)
- SPG17 (1)
- SPG4 (1)
- SREBP (1)
- STAIR (1)
- STDT (1)
- STEMI (1)
- Schlaganfall-Netzwerk (1)
- Schmerz-assoziierte elektrisch evozierte Potentiale (1)
- Schmerz-assoziierte evozierte Potenziale (1)
- Schmerzerfassung (1)
- Schmerzforschung (1)
- Schmerzfragebogen (1)
- Schmerzzeichnungen (1)
- Schreibkrampf (1)
- Schub (1)
- Schwann Zellen (1)
- Schwann cell dedifferentiation (1)
- Schwann cell differentiation (1)
- Schwann cells (1)
- Schwann-Zelle (1)
- Schwann-cells (1)
- Schweißdrüse (1)
- Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (1)
- Score (1)
- Screening questionnaire (1)
- Secondary stroke prevention (1)
- Sekundärprävention (1)
- Sensitivity (1)
- Sensorik <Neurophysiologie> (1)
- Serotonin-Reuptake-Hemmer (1)
- Sigaltransduktionsweg (1)
- Signaltransduktion (1)
- Silver-syndrome (1)
- Sjorgens-syndrome (1)
- Skelettmuskel (1)
- Skin biopsy (1)
- Small Fiber Neuropathie (1)
- Small fiber dysfunction (1)
- Small-fiber neuropathy (1)
- Sonic hedgehog (1)
- Sonographie (1)
- Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (1)
- Spinalganglienneuron (1)
- Stammganglienblutung (1)
- Stenosis degree (1)
- Stenosis length (1)
- Stent (1)
- Stereologie (1)
- Stiff-Person-Syndrom (1)
- Stim (1)
- Stimuli (1)
- Striatum (1)
- Stroke Manager (1)
- Stroke-Unit (1)
- Subarachnoid (1)
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage (1)
- Subarachnoidalblutung (1)
- Suralisbiopsien (1)
- Suralisneurographie (1)
- Survey (1)
- Synapse (1)
- Synaptic plasticity (1)
- System involvement (1)
- T cell activation (1)
- T cell line (1)
- T lymphocyte (1)
- T- Lymphozyt (1)
- T-PA (1)
- T-cell epitope (1)
- T-cell repertoire (1)
- T-cells (1)
- T-lymphocyte (1)
- T-zell epitope (1)
- T-zell repertoir (1)
- TAP Alertness (1)
- TASK2 (1)
- TBI (1)
- TIMP-1 (1)
- TIND (1)
- TLO (1)
- TMS (1)
- TNF (1)
- TNF alpha (1)
- TNF-R1 (1)
- TNF-R2 (1)
- TNF-Rezeptor-1 (1)
- TNF-Rezeptor-2 (1)
- TNF-receptor-1 (1)
- TNF-receptor-2 (1)
- TNF-receptors (1)
- TNF-α (1)
- TNFα (1)
- TOR1A (1)
- TRP (1)
- TRP Channels (1)
- TRPV 1 (1)
- TSPO (1)
- Tdp-43 (1)
- Telemedizin (1)
- Temporal Discrimination Threshold (1)
- Therapy (1)
- Thermal Hyperalgesia (1)
- Thrombektomie (1)
- Thrombo-inflammation (1)
- Thromboinflammation (1)
- Thrombolyse (1)
- Thrombozyt (1)
- Thrombus (1)
- Thrombus formation (1)
- Thymom (1)
- Tiefe Hirnstimulation (1)
- Topiramat (1)
- Topiramate (1)
- Tor1a (1)
- Torticollis (1)
- Training (1)
- Transkranielle Magnetstimulation (1)
- Transverse Myelitis (1)
- Transverse myelitis (1)
- Trauma (1)
- Trem2 (1)
- Trepanation (1)
- Triamcinolon (1)
- Trick (1)
- TrkB (1)
- Tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (Tph2) (1)
- Tuberkulose (1)
- Tumor-Nekrose-Faktor (1)
- Tumor-Nekrose-Faktor <alpha> (1)
- Tumor-Nekrose-Faktor <alpha>-Inhibitor (1)
- Type 1 diabetes (1)
- Umfragestudie (1)
- Ureaplasma species (1)
- Urämie (1)
- VCAM (1)
- VCAM-1 (1)
- VR1 (1)
- Vaccination (1)
- Vascular system (1)
- Vaskulitische Polyneuropathie (1)
- Vasodilatator-stimuliertes Phosphoprotein (1)
- Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein (1)
- Venlafaxin (1)
- Verbesserung (1)
- Vergleich (1)
- ViMS (1)
- Viral (1)
- Virus (1)
- Visuomotorisches Lernen (1)
- Vitamin D (1)
- Vitamin D-Mangel (1)
- Vitamin-B12-Mangel (1)
- Volon A (1)
- Von-Willebrand-factor (1)
- Western blot (1)
- White matter lesions (1)
- Wiederbelebung (1)
- Wingerchuk criteria 2006 and 2015 (1)
- Wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs (1)
- Würzburg / Universität Würzburg (1)
- X-Chromosom (1)
- X-Inaktivierung (1)
- X-chromosomal inactivation (1)
- XAV-939 (1)
- ZNS (1)
- Zeitwahrnehmung (1)
- Zellkultur (1)
- Zentralnervensystems (1)
- Zonula Occludens-1 (1)
- Zytokin (1)
- [18F]FDG positron emission tomography (1)
- abciximab (1)
- acid sphingomyelinase (1)
- activation (1)
- activity-dependent slowing (1)
- acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (1)
- acute management of stroke (1)
- acute neurology (1)
- acute stroke imaging (1)
- acute stroke management (1)
- acute stroke outcome (1)
- adhesion molecules (1)
- adrenal medulla (1)
- adult-onset (1)
- advanced therapy medicinal products (1)
- afferents (1)
- age (1)
- aggression (1)
- agrin (1)
- albumin (1)
- algorithm (1)
- alias pilot trial (1)
- allodynia (1)
- alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (1)
- alpha-galactosidase A (1)
- alpha-synuclein (1)
- alpha‐synuclein (1)
- alpha‐synuclein propagation (1)
- alpha‐synuclein seeding (1)
- amitriptyline (1)
- amygdala (1)
- amyotrophe Lateralsklerose (1)
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1)
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (1)
- analgesia (1)
- analgesic medication (1)
- aneurysm surgery (1)
- angiography (1)
- animal behavior (1)
- animal model (1)
- ankles (1)
- antagomir (1)
- anthropometric measurement (1)
- anthropometric measurements (1)
- anti-Amphiphysin Antikörper (1)
- anti-amphiphysin antibodies (1)
- anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (1)
- anti-contactin-1 (1)
- antibody (1)
- anticoagulants (1)
- antidepressants (1)
- antigen-presenting cells (1)
- antithrombotic (1)
- apoE (1)
- apoe (1)
- apomorphine (1)
- apoplexy (1)
- aquaporin 4 (1)
- aquaporin-4 autoantibodies (1)
- areas (1)
- arm (1)
- artery occlusion (1)
- asomatognosia (1)
- assistive devices (1)
- association (1)
- association studies in genetics (1)
- assoziative Paarstimulation (1)
- astrocyte (1)
- astrocytes (1)
- astrogliosis (1)
- atherosclerosis (1)
- atrophy Kennedys-disease (1)
- attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (1)
- attenuation of disease (1)
- atypical chemokine receptor 3 (1)
- auditorisches Neurofeedback Training (1)
- auditory (1)
- autoantibody (aAb) (1)
- autoantigen (1)
- autoimmune neuroinflammation (1)
- autoimmunität (1)
- autophagy (1)
- autoradiography (1)
- axon growth (1)
- axon guidance molecules (1)
- axonal degeneration (1)
- axonal integrity (1)
- axonal transcriptome (1)
- axonal transport (1)
- axonopathic changes (1)
- back pain (1)
- balance (1)
- barrier (1)
- barrier integrity (1)
- basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (1)
- basal ganglia hemorrhage (1)
- behavioral disorders (1)
- beta oscillation (1)
- beta power (1)
- beta2 Mikroglobulin knock-out Mäuse (1)
- beta2 microglobulin knock-out mice (1)
- bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis (1)
- bilateral motor network (1)
- binding analysis (1)
- biological locomotion (1)
- biopsies (1)
- blood (1)
- blood coagulability (1)
- blood coagulation (1)
- blood nerve barrier (1)
- body diagram (1)
- body ownership (1)
- bone (1)
- bone-marrow (1)
- botulinum toxin (1)
- bradykinesia (1)
- bradykinin (1)
- brain dynamics (1)
- brain edema (1)
- brain endothelium (1)
- brain metabolic alterations (1)
- brain networks (1)
- brain state (1)
- brain stem (1)
- burning pain (1)
- bystander activation (1)
- c-fibre (1)
- calpain (1)
- capsaicin (1)
- cardiac imaging (1)
- cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- cardiovascular disease (1)
- care (1)
- care tempis (1)
- caregiver (1)
- case report (1)
- caudate nucleus (1)
- celiac disease (1)
- cell adhesion (1)
- cell binding assay (1)
- cellular therapy (1)
- cerebellar vermis hypoplasia (1)
- cerebellum (1)
- cerebral arteries (1)
- cerebral blood flow (1)
- cerebral endothelial cell (1)
- cerebral endothelial cells (1)
- cerebral inflammation (1)
- cerebral microbleeds (1)
- cerebral small vessel disease (1)
- cerebrale Ischämie (1)
- cerebrospinal fluid (1)
- cerebrospinal fluid culture (1)
- cerebrospinal-fluid (1)
- cerebrovascular diseases (1)
- chitinase-3-like protein 1 (1)
- choline acetyltransferase (1)
- cholinergic activity (1)
- cholinergic system (1)
- chronic constriction nerve injury (CCI) (1)
- chronic kidney disease (1)
- chronic stimulation (1)
- chronic stress (1)
- chronische Multiple Sklerose (1)
- circuitopathies (1)
- classification (1)
- claudin-1 (1)
- clinical approach (1)
- clinical diagnosis (1)
- clinical neurology (1)
- clinical outcome (1)
- clinical phenotype (1)
- clip control (1)
- closed-loop (1)
- co-inhibitory signalling (1)
- coagulation (1)
- coagulation factor XIIa (1)
- cochlea (1)
- cognitive (1)
- cognitive decline (1)
- cognitive function (1)
- coherence (1)
- coherence analysis (1)
- collagens (1)
- collateral circulation (1)
- colony stimulating factor 1 (1)
- compensatory strategies (1)
- complement deposition (1)
- comprehension (1)
- computed tomography (1)
- computer vision (1)
- contact activation system (1)
- continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) (1)
- contrast (1)
- contrast-enhanced MRI (1)
- contrastmedium (1)
- conversion (1)
- coordination (1)
- coping (1)
- corneale confocale Mikroskopie (1)
- cortical activation (1)
- cortical excitability (1)
- cortical oscillatory activity (1)
- cortical pathology (1)
- cortical silent period (1)
- corticobasal syndrome (1)
- costimulation (1)
- critical flimmer frequency (1)
- crossover trial (1)
- crush (1)
- cue (1)
- cutaneous innervation (1)
- cutaneous patch (1)
- cutting edge (1)
- dSTORM (1)
- damage cool aid (1)
- darbepoetin alpha (1)
- data filtering (1)
- decompressive hemicraniectomy (1)
- decreasing autonomy (1)
- deep brain stimulation (DBS) (1)
- deep brain-stimulation (1)
- dekompressive Hemikraniektomie (1)
- delayed cerebral infarction (1)
- delays progression (1)
- demography (1)
- demyelinating disease (1)
- demyelinating polyneuropathy (1)
- demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (1)
- dendric cells (1)
- dendritic cells (1)
- dendritische Zellen (1)
- design (1)
- developmental signaling (1)
- diabetes mellitus (1)
- diagnosis in Fabry disease (1)
- diagnostic delay (1)
- diagnostic medicine (1)
- diagnostics (1)
- diapedesis (1)
- diffuse (1)
- digital medicine (1)
- directional deep brain stimulation (1)
- disease model (1)
- disease progression (1)
- disease severity (1)
- disease-modifying therapy (1)
- disorder (1)
- domain potassium channels (1)
- dopamine acetylcholine (1)
- dopamine transporter (DAT) (1)
- dorsal root ganglion neuron (1)
- drug (1)
- duodenal levodopa infusion (1)
- dysferlinopathy (1)
- early-onset isolated dystonia (1)
- edoxaban (1)
- effects (1)
- efficacy (1)
- ejection fraction (1)
- elderly (1)
- electromyography (1)
- element (1)
- embolic stroke (1)
- emotion (1)
- emulsions (1)
- encephalitis (1)
- endothelin-1 (1)
- endotheliopathy (1)
- enteropathy (1)
- enzyme assays (1)
- enzyme-linked immunoassays (1)
- epidermis (1)
- epitope (1)
- etanercept (1)
- event-related desynchronization (1)
- evoked potentials (1)
- excitability (1)
- exercise (1)
- exome sequencing (1)
- experimental (1)
- experimental autoimmune neuritis (1)
- experimental design (1)
- expert opinion (1)
- extensiv transverse myelitis (1)
- eye movement disorders (1)
- fMRI Analyse (1)
- facial pain (1)
- factor XI (1)
- familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (1)
- family caregiver (1)
- fatigue (1)
- fear (1)
- fear memory (1)
- feasibility (1)
- feeling of bodily self (1)
- female Fabry patients (1)
- females (1)
- fetal (1)
- fibers (1)
- fibroblast (1)
- fibromyalgia sydrome (1)
- fine-mapping (1)
- finger-tapping task (1)
- finger-tapping task (FTT) (1)
- fingolimod (1)
- flotillin-1 lipid rafts (1)
- fluorine (1)
- focal (1)
- focal brain lesion (1)
- focal cerebral ischemia (1)
- focal cerebral-ischemia (1)
- fosfomycin (1)
- fractionator (1)
- free radical scavenger (1)
- freezing of gait (FOG) (1)
- fullerenes (1)
- functional MRI (1)
- functional connectivity (1)
- functional neuroanatomy (1)
- functional status (1)
- fungal infection (1)
- future directions (1)
- gadofluorine (1)
- gadolinium-DTPA (1)
- gait modulation (1)
- gait-phase prediction (1)
- galactomannan (1)
- gender (1)
- gene mutations (1)
- gene variant (1)
- gene-by-environment interaction (1)
- gene-environment interaction (1)
- gene-environmental interaction (1)
- generalized cerebellar atrophy (1)
- genome-wide association study (1)
- genotype-phenotype correlation (1)
- genotype/phenotype correlation (1)
- gephyrin (1)
- geste (1)
- glia (1)
- glial damage (1)
- glial fibrillary acidic protein (1)
- glioblastoma multiforme (1)
- globus pallidus (1)
- globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) (1)
- glycation end products (1)
- glycine receptor (1)
- glycine receptor (GlyR) (1)
- glycine receptor autoantibodies (1)
- glycoprotein Ib (1)
- glycoprotein VI (1)
- glycoprotein receptor Ibα (1)
- granzyme B (1)
- gridle muscular-dystrophy (1)
- growth (1)
- growth pattern (1)
- health behavior (1)
- health-related quality of life (1)
- health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (1)
- hemicraniectomy (1)
- hemorrhagic transformation (1)
- heparin (1)
- hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (1)
- hereditary neuropathy (1)
- hereditary spastic paraplegia (1)
- hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) (1)
- hereditäre Neuropathien (1)
- hereditäre periphere Neuropathie (1)
- hernia repair (1)
- hexanucleotide repeat (1)
- high contrast (1)
- hip (1)
- hippocampus (1)
- histology (1)
- homotypic fusion and protein sorting (1)
- hospitals (1)
- human brain endothelium (1)
- human brain microvascular endothelial cells (1)
- human cerebral endothelial cells (1)
- human muscle-cells (1)
- human neurons (1)
- humans (1)
- hyperalgesia (1)
- hypercholesterolemia (1)
- hyperekplexia (1)
- hypothermia (1)
- hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (1)
- hypoxische Enzephalopathie (1)
- i.v. thrombolysis (1)
- iNOS-Synthase (1)
- iPSC (1)
- idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (1)
- image quality (1)
- image-guided programming (1)
- imaging (1)
- immaturity (1)
- immune (1)
- immune-response (1)
- immunisation (1)
- immunofluorescence (1)
- immunofluoreszenz (1)
- immunoglobulin-G (1)
- immunzellen (1)
- in-vivo (1)
- incidence (1)
- increased risk (1)
- induced neural stem cells (1)
- inducible expression (1)
- inducible nitric oxide synthase (1)
- inertial measurement units (1)
- infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (1)
- infarction (1)
- infarction size (1)
- infarction volume (1)
- infection (1)
- inflammatory cascades (1)
- inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (1)
- inflammatory neuropathy (1)
- inflammatory pain (1)
- informal care (1)
- informal caregiving (1)
- informed consent (1)
- inherited metabolic disorders (1)
- inherited peripheral neuropathy (1)
- injection site reactions; (1)
- innate immune system (1)
- innervation (1)
- integrin α2 (1)
- integrins (1)
- interference (1)
- interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (1)
- interleukin-8 (1)
- internal carotid artery stenosis (1)
- internet-based intervention (1)
- interval timing (1)
- interview (1)
- intracranial bleeding (1)
- intracranial hemorrhage (1)
- intractable hiccup (1)
- intraepidermal nerve fiber density (1)
- intraepidermal nerve fibre density (1)
- intraoperative (1)
- intrathecal (1)
- intrathecal application (1)
- intrathekal (1)
- intravenous immunoglobulin (1)
- intravenous thrombolysis (1)
- invasive electric stimulation (1)
- ipsilateral motor evoked potential (1)
- ipsilateral motor network (1)
- iron (1)
- iron dyshomeostasis (1)
- iron oxide nanoparticles (1)
- ischemia (1)
- ischemia/reperfusion injury (1)
- ischemic cascade (1)
- kallikrein-kinin system (1)
- kallikrein–kinin system (1)
- kinesthesia (1)
- kinin receptor (1)
- kinin receptors (1)
- kleinkalibrige Nervenfasern (1)
- knees (1)
- knockout (1)
- large vessel occlusion (1)
- latency shift (1)
- learning (1)
- levodopa-induced dyskinesia (1)
- linkage (1)
- liponeurocytoma (1)
- locomotion (1)
- locomotor adaptation (1)
- locomotor network (1)
- long-term pain (1)
- lymphokine-activated killer (1)
- lyso-Gb3 (1)
- lysosomal dysfunction (1)
- lysosomal enzyme (1)
- lysosomal storage disease (1)
- lyso‐Gb3 (1)
- mRNA expression (1)
- magnesium (1)
- makrophagen (1)
- malignant middle cerebrial artery infarction (1)
- maligner Mediainfarkt (1)
- management (1)
- matrix metalloproteinases (1)
- mechanical energy (1)
- mechanisms (1)
- medial ganglionic eminence (1)
- medikamentöse Sekundärprävention bei stroke (1)
- medulloblastoma (1)
- memory (1)
- meningoencephalitis (1)
- mental health (1)
- mesenchymal stem and stromal cells (1)
- mesenchymal stem cells (1)
- metaanalysis (1)
- methylphenidate (1)
- miR-182-5p (1)
- miRNA expression patterns (1)
- miRNA polymorphisms (1)
- miRNA-based analgesic (1)
- miRNA-based diagnostics (1)
- mice impact (1)
- microangiopathy (1)
- microscopy (1)
- microsphere/macrosphere (1)
- microtubules (1)
- midbrain (1)
- migraine (1)
- migraineur (1)
- minimal hepatische Enzephalopathie (1)
- minocycline (1)
- mixed fiber neuropathy (1)
- mixed methods (1)
- molecular mechanism (1)
- molecular mimicry (1)
- molecular signature (1)
- monocycline (1)
- monocytes (1)
- monomethyl fumarate (1)
- morphology (1)
- motoneuron (1)
- motoneuron disease (1)
- motor (1)
- motor axonal neuropathy (1)
- motor control (1)
- motor cortex (1)
- motor evoked potential (MEP) (1)
- motor function (1)
- motor neuron disease (1)
- motor neuropathy (1)
- motor proteins (1)
- motor-evoked potentials (MEP) (1)
- motorisches Lernen (1)
- mouse (1)
- mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell cultur (1)
- movement (1)
- movements (1)
- multiple sklerosis (1)
- multisensorische Integration (1)
- multisensory integration (1)
- muscle atrophy (1)
- muscle strength (1)
- mushroom-body (1)
- musikalische Syntax (1)
- musk myasthenia gravis (1)
- myasthenia gravis (1)
- myelin biology and repair (1)
- myelin protein zero (1)
- myelination (1)
- myoblast (1)
- myocardial infarction (1)
- myopathy (1)
- nACh-Rezeptor (1)
- natalizumab (1)
- natural history (1)
- near infrared spectroscopy (1)
- near-infrared spectroscopy (1)
- neonatal meningitis (1)
- nerve conduction studies (1)
- nerve tumor (1)
- nerve-fibers (1)
- nervous system (1)
- nervous-system (1)
- neural apoptosis (1)
- neural biomarkers (1)
- neural stem cell (1)
- neural stem cells (1)
- neuralgia (1)
- neurobehavioural deficits (1)
- neuroborreliosis (1)
- neurocritical care (1)
- neurocytoma (1)
- neurofascin (1)
- neurofilaments (1)
- neurogen (1)
- neuroleukemiosis (1)
- neurological complications (1)
- neurological examination (1)
- neuromelanin (1)
- neuromuskuläre Endplatte (1)
- neuronal apoptosis (1)
- neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (1)
- neuronal differentiation (1)
- neuronal network (1)
- neuronal stem cells (1)
- neurone (1)
- neuronopathy (1)
- neurophysiology (1)
- neuroplasticity (1)
- neuropsychology (1)
- neuroregeneration (1)
- neurorepair (1)
- neuroscience (1)
- neurotrophins (1)
- neutralization (1)
- neutrophil (1)
- nicotinamide (1)
- nicotinic receptors (1)
- nociceptor sensitization (1)
- node of Ranvier (1)
- nodes of Ranvier (1)
- non-motor features (1)
- nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (1)
- noradrenalin (1)
- noradrenaline (1)
- norepinephrine (1)
- novo renal transplantation (1)
- nucleus ventralis intermedius (1)
- nystagmus (1)
- object recognition memory (1)
- obstacle avoidance (1)
- occlusion (1)
- oligodendroglia (1)
- online systems (1)
- ontactin 1 (1)
- opioid (1)
- opioidreceptor (1)
- optic nerve sheath diameter (1)
- optical coherence tomography (1)
- orofacial pain (1)
- orofazialer Schmerz (1)
- oscillations (1)
- outcome (1)
- outer hair cell (OHC) (1)
- oxidative stress (1)
- p.R245H (1)
- p.S298P (1)
- p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (1)
- p57kip2 (1)
- pain drawings (1)
- pain pattern (1)
- pain related evoked potentials (1)
- pain sensation (1)
- pain-associated behavior (1)
- paired associative stimulation (1)
- pallidal stimulation (1)
- pandemic (1)
- paranodopathy (1)
- paraparesis (1)
- parkinson disease (1)
- parkinsons disease (1)
- passiv transfer (1)
- passive transfer (1)
- pathology section (1)
- pathophysilogical mechanisms (1)
- pathophysiology (1)
- pathway analysis (1)
- pathways (1)
- patient reported outcome measures (1)
- patient triage (1)
- pattern (1)
- pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) (1)
- pegylated insulin-like growth factor 1 (1)
- peptide (1)
- periperal nerve (1)
- peripheral blood mononuclear cells (1)
- peripheral injury (1)
- peripheral nerve (1)
- peripheral nerve injury (1)
- peripheral nerve involvement (1)
- peripheral nerve trauma (1)
- peripheral nerves (1)
- peripheral nervous-system (1)
- permanent and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (1)
- pet (1)
- ph (1)
- phosphodiesterase inhibitor (1)
- phosphorylated tau protein (1)
- physical activity (1)
- physical therapy modalities (1)
- pilot project (1)
- placebo-controlled (1)
- plaque cross-sectional area (1)
- plasma extravasation (1)
- plasma oxysterols (1)
- plasminogen (1)
- plasticity (1)
- platelet activation (1)
- platelet aggregation (1)
- pleasant touch (1)
- point-of-care echocardiography (1)
- pointing task (1)
- polymorphism (1)
- polymorphisms inflammation (1)
- polymyositis (1)
- position estimation (1)
- post-processing (1)
- post-traumatic stress disorder (1)
- postherpetic neuralgia (1)
- postural control (1)
- posture (1)
- potassium channels (1)
- potent inducer (1)
- precision medicine (1)
- preclinical research (1)
- predictive coding (1)
- prednisone (1)
- prefrontal cortex (1)
- premotor cortex (1)
- presynaptic inhibition (1)
- preterm birth (1)
- preventive treatment (1)
- procalcitonin (1)
- progression (1)
- progressive ataxia (1)
- progressive encephalitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) (1)
- progressive multiple sclerosis (1)
- progressive supranuclear palsy (1)
- proinflammatory cytokine (1)
- protein and mRNA expression (1)
- proteins (1)
- proteolipid protein (1)
- proteolipid protein gene (1)
- proteomics (1)
- protons (1)
- prä-post Design (1)
- prämotorischer Cortex (1)
- psychological support (1)
- psychosocial resilience (1)
- purmorphamine (1)
- quality (1)
- quality control (1)
- quality of life (QoL) (1)
- quality-control (1)
- qutenza (1)
- randomized controlled double-blind study (1)
- rasmussen encephalitis (1)
- rat brain microvascular endothelial cell culture (1)
- rat hepatocytes (1)
- rats (1)
- reach-to-grasp movement (1)
- reaction-time tasks (1)
- receptor (1)
- receptor tyrosine kinase (1)
- recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (1)
- recommendations (1)
- recovery (1)
- recurrence (1)
- reflex (1)
- regeneration (1)
- regional heterogeneity (1)
- regulation (1)
- regulatorische T Zellen (1)
- regulatory cells (1)
- reinnervation (1)
- relapsing multiple sclerosis (1)
- relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (1)
- religiosity (1)
- renal function (1)
- reoxygenation (1)
- reperfusion (1)
- reperfusion injury (1)
- reproducible outcome measure (1)
- reserpinized rat model (1)
- resilience (1)
- responsivity (1)
- retinal ganglion cells (1)
- retinocochleocerebral (1)
- retrograde Marker (1)
- retrograde tracers (1)
- rett (1)
- rhythm perception (1)
- rhythmperception (1)
- risk (1)
- risk factors (1)
- risk of fall (1)
- rt-PA (1)
- rural clinics (1)
- rutabaga (1)
- scale (1)
- schmerz-assoziierte elektrisch-evozierte Potenziale (1)
- sciatic nerve (1)
- sciatic nerve injury (1)
- sciatic nerves (1)
- search filter (1)
- secondary infarct growth (1)
- secretome (1)
- segmental centers of mass (1)
- sensomotorisch (1)
- sensory (1)
- sensory neurons (1)
- serotonin (1)
- serotonin transporter (1)
- serum (1)
- sex addiction (1)
- shedding (1)
- shingles (1)
- siRNA (1)
- signal peptide (1)
- signal transduction pathway (1)
- single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (1)
- skewed (1)
- skilled forelimb movements (1)
- skin cells (1)
- skin diseases (1)
- skin tumors (1)
- small fiber tests (1)
- small molecule (1)
- small nerve fibers (1)
- small vessel disease (1)
- small-fiber neuropathy (1)
- small-fiber-Neuropathie (1)
- small-molecule Inhibitoren (1)
- small-molecule inhibitors (1)
- socioeconomic status (1)
- software (1)
- soleus muscles (1)
- soluble endoglin (1)
- somatic resilience (1)
- somatosensory temporal discrimination (1)
- somatosensory-evoked-potentials (1)
- spannungsgesteuerter Natriumkanal (1)
- spatial attention (1)
- sphingolipids (1)
- spinal cord injury (1)
- spinal muscular atrophy (1)
- spinal-cord (1)
- spinal-cord-injury (1)
- startle disease (1)
- stent-retriever device (1)
- steroids (1)
- stiff-person syndrome (SPS) (1)
- stimulation (1)
- stimulationsinduzierte Plasitzität (1)
- store-operated Ca2+ entry (1)
- stress (1)
- striatal dopaminergic dysregulation (1)
- stroke networks (1)
- stromal cells (1)
- study (1)
- subarachnoid hemorrhage (1)
- subcutaneous injection (1)
- substance-P (1)
- subthalamic nucleus (STN) (1)
- sural nerve (1)
- survey (1)
- swimming (1)
- switch (1)
- symptom-specific treatment (1)
- synapse (1)
- synaptic transmission (1)
- syndrome (1)
- system (1)
- systematic review (1)
- systemic inflammation (1)
- systems biology (1)
- systolic dysfunction (1)
- target considerations (1)
- task retention (1)
- telemedicine network (1)
- temporal discrimination threshold (1)
- teriflunomide (1)
- term follow-up (1)
- tetrahydroisoquinoline derivates (1)
- tetraparesis (1)
- thrombemboli (1)
- thromboemboli (1)
- thromboembolic clot model (1)
- thromboembolic stroke (1)
- thromboinflammation (1)
- thrombus formation (1)
- thymoma (1)
- tics (1)
- tiefe Hirnstimulation (1)
- time (1)
- timing (1)
- tissue-plasminogen activator (1)
- tnf (1)
- tolerance (1)
- toleranz (1)
- tool (1)
- topography (1)
- torsinA (1)
- torticollis (1)
- transcranial direct current stimulation (1)
- transcranial magnetic simulation (TMS) (1)
- transgenic mouse model (1)
- transient middle cerebral artery (1)
- transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model (1)
- transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) (1)
- transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation (tDCS) (1)
- translation (1)
- translational research (1)
- translational stroke research (1)
- transmission electron microscopy (1)
- treatment options (1)
- treatment-induced neuropathy in diabetes (TIND) (1)
- treatment-resistant depression (1)
- triamcinolone acetonide (1)
- trick (1)
- trigeminal nerve (1)
- trigeminal neuropathy (1)
- troponin (1)
- tuberculous meningitis (1)
- tumor (1)
- tumor immunity (1)
- ultrasound imaging (1)
- under-dosing (1)
- up-regulation (1)
- upper limb (1)
- validation (1)
- variants of unknown significance (1)
- vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (1)
- vascular dementia (1)
- vascular homeostasis (1)
- vascular permeability (1)
- vasculopathy (1)
- venlafaxine (1)
- versus (1)
- vertebrobasilar insufficiency (1)
- vertigo (1)
- vessel patency (1)
- vestibular (1)
- videooculography (1)
- virtual reality (1)
- visual activity (1)
- visual pathways (1)
- visuoadaptive motor task (1)
- visuomotorisches Lernen (1)
- volume regulation (1)
- vs (1)
- weight drop (1)
- white blood cells (1)
- white matter disease (1)
- white matter hyperintensities (1)
- white matter lesions (1)
- zeitliche Wahrnehmungsschwellen (1)
- zerebelläre Gleichstromstimulation (1)
- zerebrale Endothelzelle (1)
- zerebrale Endothelzellen (1)
- Ältere (1)
- α-Galactosidase A (1)
- α-Synuclein (1)
- α-synuclein-specific T cells (1)
- α‐GalA 3D‐structure (1)
- β-APP (1)
- “bulbar-onset” ALS (bALS) (1)
- “limb-onset” ALS (lALS) (1)
Institut
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (492) (entfernen)
Schriftenreihe
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
- Datenintegrationszentrum Würzburg (DIZ) (1)
- Institut für Musikphysiologie und Musiker-Medizin der Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien, Hannover (1)
- Interdisziplinäre Biomaterial- und Datenbank Würzburg (ibdw) (1)
- KfH Nierenzentrum (1)
- Klinische Studienzentrale (Universitätsklinikum) (1)
- Politecnico di Milano (1)
- Sahin Lab, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School (1)
- Wurzburg Fabry Center for Interdisciplinary Therapy (FAZIT), Wurzburg, Germany (1)
- Würzburg Fabry Center for Interdisciplinary Therapy (FAZIT), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (1)
Dimethyl fumarate attenuates lymphocyte infiltration and reduces infarct size in experimental stroke
(2023)
Ischemic stroke is associated with exacerbated tissue damage caused by the activation of immune cells and the initiation of other inflammatory processes. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is known to modulate the immune response, activate antioxidative pathways, and improve the blood–brain barrier (BBB) after stroke. However, the specific impact of DMF on immune cells after cerebral ischemia remains unclear. In our study, male mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) for 30 min and received oral DMF (15 mg/kg) or a vehicle immediately after tMCAO, followed by twice-daily administrations for 7 days. Infarct volume was assessed on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images on days 1 and 7 after tMCAO. Brain-infiltrating immune cells (lymphocytes, monocytes) and microglia were quantified using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. DMF treatment significantly reduced infarct volumes and brain edema. On day 1 after tMCAO, DMF-treated mice showed reduced lymphocyte infiltration compared to controls, which was not observed on day 7. Monocyte and microglial cell counts did not differ between groups on either day. In the acute phase of stroke, DMF administration attenuated lymphocyte infiltration, probably due to its stabilizing effect on the BBB. This highlights the potential of DMF as a therapeutic candidate for mitigating immune cell-driven damage in stroke.
The pathophysiology of tremor in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is evolving towards a complex alteration to monoaminergic innervation, and increasing evidence suggests a key role of the locus coeruleus noradrenergic system (LC-NA). However, the difficulties in imaging LC-NA in patients challenge its direct investigation. To this end, we studied the development of tremor in a reserpinized rat model of PD, with or without a selective lesioning of LC-NA innervation with the neurotoxin DSP-4. Eight male rats (Sprague Dawley) received DSP-4 (50 mg/kg) two weeks prior to reserpine injection (10 mg/kg) (DR-group), while seven male animals received only reserpine treatment (R-group). Tremor, rigidity, hypokinesia, postural flexion and postural immobility were scored before and after 20, 40, 60, 80, 120 and 180 min of reserpine injection. Tremor was assessed visually and with accelerometers. The injection of DSP-4 induced a severe reduction in LC-NA terminal axons (DR-group: 0.024 ± 0.01 vs. R-group: 0.27 ± 0.04 axons/um\(^2\), p < 0.001) and was associated with significantly less tremor, as compared to the R-group (peak tremor score, DR-group: 0.5 ± 0.8 vs. R-group: 1.6 ± 0.5; p < 0.01). Kinematic measurement confirmed the clinical data (tremor consistency (% of tremor during 180 s recording), DR-group: 37.9 ± 35.8 vs. R-group: 69.3 ± 29.6; p < 0.05). Akinetic–rigid symptoms did not differ between the DR- and R-groups. Our results provide preliminary causal evidence for a critical role of LC-NA innervation in the development of PD tremor and foster the development of targeted therapies for PD patients.
In dieser Arbeit wurde durch das immunhistochemische Anfärben von nodalen (Natriumkanäle, NF), paranodalen (Caspr, NF) und internodalen (MBP) Proteinen der in Fingerhautbiopsien vorhanden Nervenfasern untersucht, ob eine Veränderung der typischen Verteilungsmuster dieser Proteine, eine demyelinisierende Polyneuropathie anzeigen kann. Dazu wurden am Universitätsklinikum Würzburg prospektiv 93 Polyneuropathie-Patienten und 25 Kontrollpersonen rekrutiert. Bei allen Patienten wurden Hautstanzbiospien am Zeigefinger durchgeführt. Bei 35 Patienten mit schweren oder unklaren Verläufen, wurden konsiliarisch Nervus suralis Biopsien durchgeführt. Aus einem Abschnitt von 27 dieser Biopsien, konnten im Rahmen dieser Arbeit Zupfnervenpräparate angefertigt und analog zu den Hautbiopsien ausgewertet werden. Aus der Routinediagnostik der Klinik flossen weiterhin die Ergebnisse der elektrophysiologischen Routinediagnostik und der Histologiebefund der Nervus suralis Biopsien in die Auswertung ein.
Zusammenfassend kamen veränderte Natriumkanalbanden in Fingerhautbiopsien signifikant häufiger bei Patienten mit elektrophysiologisch als demyelinisierend befundeten Polyneuropathien, als bei Patienten mit elektrophysiologisch als axonal befundeten Polyneuropathien vor. Vielfach fanden sich veränderte Natriumkanalbanden inmitten para- und internodal unauffälliger Schnürringe und umgekehrt. Diese Beobachtung stützt die bereits in Vorarbeiten vorgeschlagene und in der aktuellen Leitlinie zur Diagnostik für Polyneuropathien aufgegriffene Entität der Paranodopathien (Uncini, Susuki, & Yuki, 2013). Möglich wäre, dass eine veränderte Verteilung der Natriumkanäle die schnelle Leitfähigkeit beeinträchtigen und somit trotz intakter Bemarkung, elektrophysiologisch das Bild einer demyelinisierenden Neuropathie vermittelt. Ein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen dem Auftreten von doppelten und verlängerten Natriumkanalbanden und einzelnen Messwerten (z.B. Amplituden und Latenzzeiten) fand sich nicht. Auch in den Zupfnervenpräparaten der Nervus suralis Biopsien, konnten o.g. Verteilungsmuster untersucht werden. Deren Vorkommen zeigte sich als unabhängig vom elektrophysiologischen und histologischen Befund, von der Ätiologie der PNP und von den gefundenen Veränderungen in den Hautbiopsien des betreffenden Patienten.
The execution of voluntary movements is primarily governed by the cerebral hemisphere contralateral to the moving limb. Previous research indicates that the ipsilateral motor network, comprising the primary motor cortex (M1), supplementary motor area (SMA), and premotor cortex (PM), plays a crucial role in the planning and execution of limb movements. However, the precise functions of this network and its interplay in different task contexts have yet to be fully understood. Twenty healthy right-handed participants (10 females, mean age 26.1 ± 4.6 years) underwent functional MRI scans while performing biceps brachii representations such as bilateral, unilateral flexion, and bilateral flexion-extension. Ipsilateral motor evoked potentials (iMEPs) were obtained from the identical set of participants in a prior study using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) targeting M1 while employing the same motor tasks. The voxel time series was extracted based on the region of interest (M1, SMA, ventral PM and dorsal PM). Directed functinal connectivity was derived from the extracted time series using time-resolved partial directed coherence. We found increased connectivity from left-PMv to both sides M1, as well as right-PMv to both sides SMA, in unilateral flexion compared to bilateral flexion. Connectivity from left M1 to left-PMv, and left-SMA to right-PMd, also increased in both unilateral flexion and bilateral flexion-extension compared to bilateral flexion. However, connectivity between PMv and right-M1 to left-PMd decreased during bilateral flexion-extension compared to unilateral flexion. Additionally, during bilateral flexion-extension, the connectivity from right-M1 to right-SMA had a negative relationship with the area ratio of iMEP in the dominant side. Our results provide corroborating evidence for prior research suggesting that the ipsilateral motor network is implicated in the voluntary movements and underscores its involvement in cognitive processes such as movement planning and coordination. Moreover, ipsilateral connectivity from M1 to SMA on the dominant side can modulate the degree of ipsilateral M1 activation during bilateral antagonistic contraction.
Hintergrund und Ziel
Telemedizinische Schlaganfall-Netzwerke tragen dazu bei, die Schlaganfallversorgung und insbesondere den Zugang zu zeitkritischen Schlaganfalltherapien in vorrangig strukturschwachen, ländlichen Regionen zu gewährleisten. Ziel ist eine Darstellung der Nutzungsfrequenz und regionalen Verteilung dieser Versorgungsstruktur.
Methoden
Die Kommission „Telemedizinische Schlaganfallversorgung“ der Deutschen Schlaganfall-Gesellschaft führte eine Umfragestudie in allen Schlaganfall-Netzwerken durch.
Ergebnisse
In Deutschland sind 22 telemedizinische Schlaganfall-Netzwerke aktiv, welche insgesamt 43 Zentren (pro Netzwerk: Median 1,5, Interquartilsabstand [IQA] 1–3) sowie 225 Kooperationskliniken (pro Netzwerk: Median 9, IQA 4–17) umfassen und an einem unmittelbaren Zugang zur Schlaganfallversorgung für 48 Mio. Menschen teilhaben. Im Jahr 2018 wurden 38.211 Telekonsile (pro Netzwerk: Median 1340, IQA 319–2758) durchgeführt. Die Thrombolyserate betrug 14,1 % (95 %-Konfidenzintervall 13,6–14,7 %), eine Verlegung zur Thrombektomie wurde bei 7,9 % (95 %-Konfidenzintervall 7,5–8,4 %) der ischämischen Schlaganfallpatienten initiiert. Das Finanzierungssystem ist uneinheitlich mit einem Vergütungssystem für die Zentrumsleistungen in nur drei Bundesländern.
Diskussion
Etwa jeder 10. Schlaganfallpatient wird telemedizinisch behandelt. Die telemedizinischen Schlaganfall-Netzwerke erreichen vergleichbar hohe Lyseraten und Verlegungen zur Thrombektomie wie neurologische Stroke-Units und tragen zur Sicherstellung einer flächendeckenden Schlaganfallversorgung bei. Eine netzwerkübergreifende Sicherstellung der Finanzierung und einheitliche Erhebung von Qualitätssicherungsdaten haben das Potenzial diese Versorgungsstruktur zukünftig weiter zu stärken.
Axon degeneration and functional decline in myelin diseases are often attributed to loss of myelin but their relation is not fully understood. Perturbed myelinating glia can instigate chronic neuroinflammation and contribute to demyelination and axonal damage. Here we study mice with distinct defects in the proteolipid protein 1 gene that develop axonal damage which is driven by cytotoxic T cells targeting myelinating oligodendrocytes. We show that persistent ensheathment with perturbed myelin poses a risk for axon degeneration, neuron loss, and behavioral decline. We demonstrate that CD8\(^+\) T cell-driven axonal damage is less likely to progress towards degeneration when axons are efficiently demyelinated by activated microglia. Mechanistically, we show that cytotoxic T cell effector molecules induce cytoskeletal alterations within myelinating glia and aberrant actomyosin constriction of axons at paranodal domains. Our study identifies detrimental axon-glia-immune interactions which promote neurodegeneration and possible therapeutic targets for disorders associated with myelin defects and neuroinflammation.
Elevated and low blood pressure (BP) may lead to poor functional outcome after ischemic stroke, which is conflicting. Hence, there must be another factor—such as cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) -interacting with BP and thus, affecting outcome. Here, we investigate the relationship between BP and cSVD regarding outcome after stroke. Data of 423/503 stroke patients were prospectively analyzed. Diastolic (DBP) and systolic BP (SBP) were collected on hospital admission (BP\(_{ad}\)) and over the first 72 h (BP\(_{72h}\)). cSVD-burden was determined on MR-scans. Good functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2 at hospital discharge and 12 months thereafter. cSVD was a predictor of poor outcome (OR 2.8; p < 0.001). SBPad, DBP\(_{ad}\) and SBP\(_{72h}\) were not significantly associated with outcome at any time. A significant relationship was found between DBP\(_{72h}\), (p < 0.01), cSVD (p = 0.013) and outcome at discharge. At 12 months, we found a relationship between outcome and DBP\(_{72h}\) (p = 0.018) and a statistical tendency regarding cSVD (p = 0.08). Changes in DBP72h were significantly related with outcome. There was a U-shaped relationship between DBP\(_{72h}\) and outcome at discharge. Our results suggest an individualized stroke care by either lowering or elevating DBP depending on cSVD-burden in order to influence functional outcome.
Topological differences and confounders of mental rotation in cervical dystonia and blepharospasm
(2023)
Mental rotation (mR) bases on imagination of actual movements. It remains unclear whether there is a specific pattern of mR impairment in focal dystonia. We aimed to investigate mR in patients with cervical dystonia (CD) and blepharospasm (BS) and to assess potential confounders. 23 CD patients and 23 healthy controls (HC) as well as 21 BS and 19 hemifacial spasm (HS) patients were matched for sex, age, and education level. Handedness, finger dexterity, general reaction time, and cognitive status were assessed. Disease severity was evaluated by clinical scales. During mR, photographs of body parts (head, hand, or foot) and a non-corporal object (car) were displayed at different angles rotated within their plane. Subjects were asked to judge laterality of the presented image by keystroke. Both speed and correctness were evaluated. Compared to HC, CD and HS patients performed worse in mR of hands, whereas BS group showed comparable performance. There was a significant association of prolonged mR reaction time (RT) with reduced MoCA scores and with increased RT in an unspecific reaction speed task. After exclusion of cognitively impaired patients, increased RT in the mR of hands was confined to CD group, but not HS. While the question of whether specific patterns of mR impairment reliably define a dystonic endophenotype remains elusive, our findings point to mR as a useful tool, when used carefully with control measures and tasks, which may be capable of identifying specific deficits that distinguish between subtypes of dystonia.
Seed amplification assays (SAA) are becoming commonly used in synucleinopathies to detect α-synuclein aggregates. Studies in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and isolated REM-sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) have shown a considerably lower sensitivity in the olfactory epithelium than in CSF or skin. To get an insight into α-synuclein (α-syn) distribution within the nervous system and reasons for low sensitivity, we compared SAA assessment of nasal brushings and skin biopsies in PD (n = 27) and iRBD patients (n = 18) and unaffected controls (n = 30). α-syn misfolding was overall found less commonly in the olfactory epithelium than in the skin, which could be partially explained by the nasal brushing matrix exerting an inhibitory effect on aggregation. Importantly, the α-syn distribution was not uniform: there was a higher deposition of misfolded α-syn across all sampled tissues in the iRBD cohort compared to PD (supporting the notion of RBD as a marker of a more malignant subtype of synucleinopathy) and in a subgroup of PD patients, misfolded α-syn was detectable only in the olfactory epithelium, suggestive of the recently proposed brain-first PD subtype. Assaying α-syn of diverse origins, such as olfactory (part of the central nervous system) and skin (peripheral nervous system), could increase diagnostic accuracy and allow better stratification of patients.
Inflammation in the brain and gut is a critical component of several neurological diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). One trigger of the immune system in PD is aggregation of the pre-synaptic protein, α-synuclein (αSyn). Understanding the mechanism of propagation of αSyn aggregates is essential to developing disease-modifying therapeutics. Using a brain-first mouse model of PD, we demonstrate αSyn trafficking from the brain to the ileum of male mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the ileal αSyn aggregations are contained within CD11c+ cells. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrate that ileal CD11c\(^+\) cells are microglia-like and the same subtype of cells is activated in the brain and ileum of PD mice. Moreover, by utilizing mice expressing the photo-convertible protein, Dendra2, we show that CD11c\(^+\) cells traffic from the brain to the ileum. Together these data provide a mechanism of αSyn trafficking between the brain and gut.