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Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
Tbe alkylating potency of unstable N-nitrosamino acids and N-nitrosopeptides was investigated in vitro using 4-(para-nitrobenzyl)pyridine (NBP) as nucleophile. Of the amino acids, Met and those with an aromatic side chain were the most potent. The relative overall alkylating potency was 23:10:5:4:2:1: for Trp, Met, His, 1)rr, Phe and Gly, respectively. The homo-dipeptides were much more potent than the amino acids, with relative potencies of 400:110:100:8:3:1, for Trp-Trp, l)T-'I)T, Met-Met, Asp-Asp, Phe-Phe and Gly, respectively. In the one-phase reaction system (in which NBP is already present durlog the nitrosation reaction at acidic pH), all amino acids tested showed a second-order reaction for nitrite. In the two-phase system (in which NBP is added only after bringing the nitrosation reaction mixture to neutrality), all amino acids tested except one again showed a second-order reaction for nitrite (Phe, His, Asp and the dipeptide artiticial sweetener aspartame); only Met under these conditions bad a reaction order of one for nitrite. This could mean that nitrosation of the side chain of Metproduces a second N-nitroso product which is relatively stable in acid but reacts with NBP under neutral conditions. In the human stomach, this side-chain nitrosation might become more important than the reactions at the primary amino group, firstly because of the greater stability of the product(s) in acid and secondly because of the tirst-order reaction rate for nitrite. A decrease in nitrite concentration from the millimolar concentrations ofthe in-vitro assay to the micromolar concentrations in the stomach reduces the reaction rate by a factor of 1000 for the side-chain nitrosation, whereas a million-fold reduction will be observed for nitrosation of the amino group.
Albert Memmi
(1987)
No abstract available
No abstract available.
No abstract available.
Lotta Mayer fragt nach akephalen Konfliktkonstellationen in Gesellschaften, in denen entweder eine Zentralgewalt zwar existiert, jedoch faktisch nicht willens bzw. nicht in der Lage ist, Konflikte zu regulieren, oder aber den Konfliktparteien selbst daran gelegen ist, ein Eingreifen der Zentralgewalt durch klandestines Handeln zu verhindern, und sie deshalb auf Formen der Selbstregulation von Konflikten zurückgreifen
Acknowledgements
(2023)
In der Arbeit „Abschied vom Schöpfergott?“ wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern sich Jugendliche in Westdeutschland zunehmend vom christlichen Glauben an einen göttlichen Erschaffer der Welt distanzieren. Bezüglich der Gottesfrage herrscht in der empirischen Forschung seit über 20 Jahren ein Dissens: Löst sich in einer religiös individualisierten Gesamtsituation der christliche Kern jugendlicher Transzendenzkonzepte mehr und mehr auf oder wird sich auch in Zukunft bei jungen Leuten eine Pluralität von diversen (und teilweise auch christlichen) Antworten auf die Gottesfrage ausmachen lassen? Im Fokussieren der Frage auf eine mögliche Rolle Gottes bei der Welterschaffung, der creatio originalis, wurde die Problemlösung qualitativ-empirisch angegangen. In problemzentrierten Leitfaden-Interviews wurden 14 (angehende) nordbayerische Abiturientinnen und Abiturienten darüber befragt, wie sie sich die Entstehung der Welt vorstellen. Ihre sog. Welterklärungen, die sowohl religiöse als auch naturwissenschaftliche Ansätze enthalten, wurden mit Hilfe der neueren Grounded Theory offen und typologisch kodiert. Neben den Transzendenz- und Schöpferkonzepten der jungen Erwachsenen lagen weitere Brennpunkte der Analyse auf ihren Kosmologiekonzepten sowie den Bibelverständnissen von Genesis 1-3. Im Anschluss daran wurde der empirische Befund religionspädagogisch im Blick auf den Religionsunterricht der gymnasialen Oberstufe diskutiert.
A New International
(2023)
A Case Study of the Basic Learners’ Struggles in Guessing from Context to Retain Words Learned
(2022)
Guessing meaning from context is a challenging strategy for Second Language Learners (SLLs). In using the strategy, research found that poor students or low proficiency learners struggled in their attempts to use it. Mainly, it was reported that it was due to their vocabulary knowledge was limited. In another aspect, retaining vocabulary learnt is also important. Such is essential since learning vocabulary does not mean knowing the definition only. Yet, learners must also be able to use the vocabulary as they engage in language skills such as reading, writing, speaking and listening. The study aims at finding the hindrances faced among poor students’ using contextual clues in retaining vocabulary. The study employed a case study to collect data from two basic students studying at a tertiary level. The study found that their hindrances in guessing meaning contexts were due to their being confused in guessing meaning when reading a sentence. Also, it was found that they were not able to find clues since they lacked vocabulary to guess correctly. The study implied that guessing meaning from context required sizeable vocabulary knowledge. Therefore, more training is necessary to assist basic learners in being successful in guessing from contexts.
English language is being taught as a second foreign language in India. For most of the learners in India, English still a foreign language or target language. The study of this language is important to fulfill different kinds of academic and professional requirements. Still, there is a big gulf between demand and supply for which the failure of the system is largely responsible as its main emphasis on to adherence to the foreign curriculum. The government tries to impose this curriculum on English teachers, but, in fact, the curriculum is outdated.
59. Schale (Typus B)
(1991)