Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik
Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (507)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Journal article (341)
- Doctoral Thesis (163)
- Report (2)
- Book (1)
Keywords
- ischemic stroke (27)
- multiple sclerosis (22)
- Parkinson’s disease (18)
- deep brain stimulation (18)
- neuroinflammation (18)
- Multiple Sklerose (17)
- Fabry disease (16)
- Parkinson's disease (16)
- Schlaganfall (16)
- neuropathic pain (15)
- stroke (15)
- Polyneuropathie (14)
- inflammation (13)
- Medizin (12)
- Parkinson-Krankheit (12)
- pain (11)
- Neuropathie (10)
- neuropathy (9)
- subthalamic nucleus (9)
- Schmerz (8)
- dystonia (8)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth (7)
- biomarker (7)
- cytokines (7)
- dopamine (7)
- macrophages (7)
- mouse model (7)
- neurodegeneration (7)
- neurology (7)
- small fiber neuropathy (7)
- B cells (6)
- Fabry-Krankheit (6)
- Hautbiopsie (6)
- MS (6)
- Maus (6)
- Neurodegeneration (6)
- Neuropathischer Schmerz (6)
- Pain (6)
- Parkinson (6)
- acute ischemic stroke (6)
- antibodies (6)
- autoantibodies (6)
- depression (6)
- fibromyalgia syndrome (6)
- Autoantikörper (5)
- B7-H1 (5)
- Biomarker (5)
- Dystonie (5)
- EAE (5)
- Entzündung (5)
- Fibromyalgie (5)
- MRI (5)
- Makrophage (5)
- Neurofascin (5)
- Ranvier-Schnürring (5)
- blood-brain barrier (5)
- gene expression (5)
- middle cerebral artery occlusion (5)
- movement disorders (5)
- neuroprotection (5)
- polyneuropathy (5)
- skin biopsy (5)
- skin punch biopsy (5)
- traumatic brain injury (5)
- tremor (5)
- walking (5)
- ALS (4)
- CCI (4)
- Cytokines (4)
- GFAP (4)
- Immunsystem (4)
- Makrophagen (4)
- Myelin (4)
- Nervenfaser (4)
- Neuroinflammation (4)
- Neuronale Plastizität (4)
- Neuropathy (4)
- Parkinson disease (4)
- Propriozeption (4)
- Puppenhandillusion (4)
- T-Lymphozyt (4)
- basal ganglia (4)
- blood–brain barrier (4)
- cervical dystonia (4)
- disease (4)
- factor XII (4)
- gait initiation (4)
- immunohistochemistry (4)
- inflammasome (4)
- macrophage (4)
- magnetic resonance imaging (4)
- mechanical thrombectomy (4)
- mice (4)
- microRNA (4)
- motor learning (4)
- mutation (4)
- myelin (4)
- platelets (4)
- regulatory T cells (4)
- thrombo-inflammation (4)
- Autoantibodies (3)
- Biopsie (3)
- Blut-Hirn-Schranke (3)
- CMT (3)
- COVID-19 (3)
- Carotisstenose (3)
- Caspr (3)
- Charcot-Marie-Syndrom (3)
- Chemokine (3)
- DYT1 (3)
- ELISPOT (3)
- Entmarkung (3)
- Fabry (3)
- Fabry-associated pain (3)
- Gehirn (3)
- Genexpression (3)
- Guillain-Barré-Syndrom (3)
- HBMEC (3)
- Inflammation (3)
- Langerhans cells (3)
- Macrophage (3)
- Mausmodell (3)
- Mice (3)
- Multiple sclerosis (3)
- NLRP3 (3)
- Natalizumab (3)
- Nervendegeneration (3)
- Neuralgie (3)
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) (3)
- Optic neuritis (3)
- PNP (3)
- Peripheres Nervensystem (3)
- Rehabilitation (3)
- Synuclein <alpha-> (3)
- T cells (3)
- T-lymphocytes (3)
- Ultraschalldiagnostik (3)
- Ureaplasma parvum (3)
- Zytokine (3)
- adaptive immune system (3)
- aging (3)
- animal models (3)
- anxiety (3)
- biomarkers (3)
- brain (3)
- cerebellar tDCS (3)
- cerebral ischemia (3)
- children (3)
- chronic pain (3)
- closed head injury (3)
- cognitive impairment (3)
- complement (3)
- corneal confocal microscopy (3)
- criteria (3)
- degeneration (3)
- dementia (3)
- enzyme replacement therapy (3)
- essential tremor (3)
- experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (3)
- experimental stroke (3)
- expression (3)
- fibromyalgia (3)
- gait analysis (3)
- genetics (3)
- heart failure (3)
- immune cells (3)
- immune system (3)
- kinematics (3)
- length of stenosis (3)
- local field potentials (3)
- lymphocytes (3)
- meningitis (3)
- mesencephalic locomotor region (3)
- miRNA (3)
- microglia (3)
- neurofilament light chain (3)
- neuroimmunology (3)
- neuropathischer Schmerz (3)
- neutrophils (3)
- photothrombotic stroke (3)
- quality of life (3)
- rehabilitation (3)
- rubber hand illusion (3)
- stroke unit (3)
- tMCAO (3)
- therapy (3)
- tight junctions (3)
- transplantation (3)
- trial (3)
- AQP4 (2)
- Acetylcholinrezeptor (2)
- Altern (2)
- Alzheimer’s disease (2)
- Antikörper (2)
- Arteria carotis interna (2)
- B-lymphocytes (2)
- BDNF (2)
- Basalganglien (2)
- CIDP (2)
- CNS (2)
- Cerebrospinal fluid (2)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (2)
- Cortactin (2)
- Crush (2)
- Cytokine (2)
- Degeneration (2)
- Diabetes mellitus (2)
- Diagnosis (2)
- Dystonia (2)
- Elektrophysiologie (2)
- Encephalopathia hepatica (2)
- Enzyme replacement therapy (2)
- Evoziertes Potenzial (2)
- Fabry genotype (2)
- Fabry phenotype (2)
- Fc-receptor (2)
- Fibromyalgia (2)
- Fibromyalgia syndrome (2)
- Glatiramer acetate (2)
- Guillain-Barre-Syndrome (2)
- Guillain-Barré syndrome (2)
- HLA-G (2)
- Haut (2)
- Hautstanzbiopsie (2)
- IENFD (2)
- Ischemic stroke (2)
- Komplement (2)
- Körperselbstgefühl (2)
- Körperwahrnehmung (2)
- LTD (2)
- Langzeitdepression (2)
- Lewy-like pathology (2)
- Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) (2)
- MBP (2)
- MCC950 (2)
- MCP-1 (2)
- Mechanisms (2)
- Meningitis (2)
- Microglia (2)
- Morbus Fabry (2)
- Motorisches Lernen (2)
- Multiple Sclerosis (2)
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG) (2)
- NEUROWIND (2)
- NMOSD (2)
- NMR-Tomographie (2)
- NOAC (2)
- Nervenbiopsie (2)
- Neuroimmunologie (2)
- Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (2)
- Nucleus subthalamicus (2)
- Outcome survey (2)
- PET (2)
- Peripheral nervous system (2)
- Proprioception (2)
- Quantitative sensorische Testung (2)
- Schwann cell (2)
- Serotonin (2)
- Small fiber Neuropathie (2)
- Small fiber neuropathy (2)
- Spinalganglion (2)
- Stroke (2)
- Stroke unit (2)
- T lymphocytes (2)
- T-Lymphozyten (2)
- TDMT (2)
- Tiermodell (2)
- Tourette syndrome (2)
- Transkranielle magnetische Stimulation (2)
- Treatment (2)
- TrkB (2)
- Ultraschall (2)
- Ureaplasma urealyticum (2)
- Zentralnervensystem (2)
- accuracy (2)
- amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis (2)
- animal model (2)
- anticoagulation (2)
- atrial fibrillation (2)
- autoantibody (2)
- autoimmune (2)
- autoimmunity (2)
- axonal damage (2)
- axonaler Schaden (2)
- balance (2)
- base of support (2)
- beta oscillations (2)
- binding (2)
- biopsy (2)
- blood brain barrier (2)
- blood flow (2)
- blood pressure (2)
- blood-brain-barrier (2)
- c-Fos (2)
- caregiver burden (2)
- carotid atherosclerosis (2)
- carotid stenosis (2)
- carotid ultrasound (2)
- case report (2)
- central nervous system (2)
- cerebral autoregulation (2)
- cerebrospinal fluid (2)
- cerebrovascular disorders (2)
- chemokines (2)
- chronic cerebrovascular disease (2)
- chronic kidney disease (2)
- colony-stimulating factor (2)
- consolidation (2)
- contact-kinin system (2)
- cytokine (2)
- degree of stenosis (2)
- demyelination (2)
- diabetic neuropathy (2)
- diagnosis (2)
- diagnostic markers (2)
- differential diagnosis (2)
- dimethyl fumarate (2)
- disability (2)
- diseases of the nervous system (2)
- echocardiography (2)
- edema (2)
- electrophysiology (2)
- endoglin (2)
- endothelial cells (2)
- exercise (2)
- freezing of gait (2)
- gait (2)
- gene (2)
- generalized cerebral edema (2)
- glial fate modulation (2)
- glial fibrillary acidic protein (2)
- globotriaosylceramide (2)
- glycine receptor (2)
- glycoprotein receptor Ib (2)
- guidelines (2)
- hearing loss (2)
- hypoxia (2)
- immunomodulation (2)
- in vivo imaging (2)
- induced pluripotent stem cells (2)
- infarction (2)
- inflammatory neuropathy (2)
- ion channels (2)
- ischemic penumbra (2)
- just noticeable difference (JND) (2)
- lesions (2)
- leukocytes (2)
- locomotor adaptation (2)
- locus coeruleus (2)
- machine learning (2)
- major depression (2)
- miR-21 (2)
- miRNS (2)
- mitochondria (2)
- mortality (2)
- mouse models (2)
- multiple system atrophy (2)
- multiple-sclerosis (2)
- musical syntax (2)
- nerve biopsy (2)
- nerve fibers (2)
- nerve fibres (2)
- neurofascin (2)
- neurological disorders (2)
- neuronal plasticity (2)
- neurons (2)
- opioids (2)
- outcomes (2)
- pain questionnaire (2)
- pain-related evoked potentials (2)
- parkinson's disease (2)
- passive transfer (2)
- pathogenesis (2)
- peripheral nervous system (2)
- peripheral neuropathy (2)
- photothrombosis (2)
- physical activity (2)
- preclinical research (2)
- predictive value (2)
- prognosis (2)
- protein (2)
- psychophysics (2)
- quantitative sensory testing (2)
- randomized controlled trial (2)
- rat (2)
- relapse (2)
- renal system (2)
- resting tremor (2)
- reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (2)
- second hit (2)
- small fiber pathology (2)
- spinal cord (2)
- spinal cord injury (2)
- split-belt treadmill (2)
- striatum (2)
- stroke care (2)
- synaptic vesicles (2)
- tDCS (2)
- telemedicine (2)
- thrombolysis (2)
- thrombosis (2)
- time perception (2)
- transcranial magnetic stimulation (2)
- transient ischemic attack (2)
- transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (2)
- ultrasound (2)
- velocity (2)
- voluntary movement (2)
- von Willebrand factor (2)
- α-synuclein (2)
- (Para-)nodale Autoantikörper (1)
- 2B (1)
- 3D fluoroscopy (1)
- 3D structure (1)
- 3D-Struktur (1)
- 5-Dihydroxycinnamat (1)
- 5-HIAA (1)
- 5-HTT Knock Out (1)
- 5-dihydroxycinnamate (1)
- 5IA-SPECT (1)
- 65-kda isoform (1)
- A delta-Faser (1)
- A-delta fibers (1)
- A53T (1)
- A53T mutation (1)
- A53T-Mutation (1)
- ACE (1)
- ADHD (1)
- ALS mimic (1)
- ALS treatment (1)
- ALSIN gene (1)
- APERIO (1)
- APERIO Hybrid (1)
- AQP (1)
- ASC (1)
- ASIC 3 (1)
- ATF3 (1)
- Abciximab (1)
- Adaptive cell transfer (1)
- Adaptives Immunsystem (1)
- Adaptorproteine (1)
- Adult patients (1)
- Affekt (1)
- Agalsidase beta (1)
- Agalsidase beta therapy (1)
- Agaphelin (1)
- Age (1)
- Agrin (1)
- Alemtuzumab (1)
- Alkoholische Polyneuropathie (1)
- Allodynie (1)
- Alpha galactosidase (1)
- Alpha-Synuclein (1)
- Alter (1)
- Alzheimer disease (1)
- Alzheimer’s dementia (1)
- Amitriptylin (1)
- Amplitude (1)
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) (1)
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Assessment Questionnaire 5 (ALSAQ-5) (1)
- Anderson-Fabry Disease (1)
- Aneurysma (1)
- Animal models (1)
- Anosognosie (1)
- Anti-Neurofascin-Autoantikörper-assoziierten Neuropathie (1)
- Antibody index (1)
- Antigen CD8 (1)
- Antikoagulation (1)
- Antiparanodal Autoantibodies (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Apoptosis (1)
- Approved immunomodulators (1)
- Aquaporin 4 (1)
- Aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-Ig, NMO-IgG)G (1)
- Aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG) (1)
- Aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG, NMO-IgG) (1)
- Aquaporin4 (1)
- Arteria cerebri media (1)
- Arterial Diameters (1)
- Arterial water (1)
- Asomatognosie (1)
- Ataxia (1)
- Atrial fibrillation (1)
- Atrophie (1)
- Autoantigen (1)
- Autoimmun (1)
- Autoimmunität (1)
- Axon (1)
- Axon degeneration (1)
- Axonal degeneration (1)
- Azathioprine (1)
- Aδ- and C-fibers (1)
- B-Lymphocyten (1)
- BB/OKL rats (1)
- BCI (1)
- Barkhof criteria (1)
- Barthel Index (1)
- Barthel-Index modified Rankin-Scale (1)
- Barthel-Index modifizierte Rankin-Skala (1)
- Basal Ganglia (1)
- Basal ganglia (1)
- Beam-Walking-Test (1)
- Beta-glucocerebrosidase (1)
- Bewegungsstörung (1)
- Bildgebung (1)
- Biopsiediagnostik von entzündlichen Polyneuropathien (1)
- Blutgerinnungsfaktor XII (1)
- Borrelien (1)
- Borreliose (1)
- Borreliosis (1)
- Braak (1)
- Brain (1)
- Brain atrophy (1)
- Brain edema (1)
- Brain ischemia (1)
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (1)
- Brainstem encephalitis (1)
- C-Faser (1)
- C-reactive protein (1)
- C.376A>G (p.S126G) (1)
- C1-inhibitor (1)
- C57BL/6 mice (1)
- CAS (1)
- CCL2 (1)
- CCS (1)
- CD105 (1)
- CD133 (1)
- CD19 (1)
- CD52 (1)
- CEA (1)
- CLN3 (1)
- CMV (1)
- CNS Myelination (1)
- CNS disease (1)
- CNS imaging (1)
- CNS integrity (1)
- COMPLEX 1 (1)
- COU254 (1)
- CRPS (1)
- CSF (1)
- CSF-1 (1)
- CSF-1 Rezeptor (1)
- CSF-1 Rezeptor Inhibitor (1)
- CSF-1 receptor (1)
- CSF-1 receptor inhibitor (1)
- CSF-1-Rezeptor-Inhibitor (1)
- CSVD (1)
- CXCL10 (1)
- CXCL4 (1)
- CXCL5 (1)
- CXCL7 (1)
- CXCL8 (1)
- CXCR2 (1)
- Ca2+ homeostasis (1)
- Ca2+ ion analysis (1)
- Ca2+ leak (1)
- Ca2+ oscillation (1)
- Campylobacter jejuni (1)
- Capsaicin (1)
- Capsaicin receptor (1)
- Carotis (1)
- Carotischirurgie (1)
- Caspase (1)
- Caspr1 (1)
- Cell Index (1)
- Cell therapy (1)
- Cell-based assays (1)
- Central Nervous System (1)
- Cerebellitis (1)
- Cerebral blood flow (1)
- Cerebral small vessel disease (1)
- Cerebral vasospasm (1)
- Cerebral-ischemia (1)
- Cgrin (1)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathie (1)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy (1)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrom (1)
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth-Hoffmann-Syndrom (1)
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (1)
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A (1)
- Chemokine Receptor (1)
- Chemokinrezeptors (1)
- CholinomiRs (1)
- Chronic Constriction Injury (1)
- Chronic heart failure (1)
- Chronic neuropathic pain (1)
- Chronische Niereninsuffizienz (1)
- Chronischer Schmerz (1)
- Cisterna magna (1)
- Clinical manifestations (1)
- Clinically silent stroke (1)
- Coefficient (1)
- Cognitive behavior (1)
- Cognitive decline (1)
- Cold (1)
- Computertomographie (1)
- Connexin32 deficient mice (1)
- Connexin32-defiziente Maus (1)
- Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (1)
- Contactin (1)
- Contactin 1 (1)
- Corneal confocal microscopy (1)
- Corneale confocale Mikroskopie (1)
- Cortico-striatal projection neurons (1)
- Crespi effect (1)
- Cyclophosphamid (1)
- Cyclophosphamide (1)
- D313Y genotype (1)
- DARPA (1)
- DBS biomarkers (1)
- DBS programming (1)
- DOPA-responsive-dystonia (1)
- DRD1 (1)
- DYT-TOR1A (1)
- Deep Brain Stimulation (1)
- Deeskalation (1)
- Deeskalationstherapie (1)
- Deflazacort (1)
- Dekompressionskraniektomie (1)
- Delphi procedure (1)
- Demenz (1)
- Demyelinating peripheral neuropathy (1)
- Demyelination (1)
- Demyelinisierung (1)
- Dendritische Zelle (1)
- Denervierung (1)
- Devic Maus (1)
- Devic mice (1)
- Devic’s syndrome (1)
- Diabetic polyneuropathy (1)
- Diabetische Neuropathie (1)
- Diabetische Polyneuropathie (1)
- Dialyse (1)
- Diapedese (1)
- Dimethylfumarat (1)
- Diplopia Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) (1)
- Disease (1)
- Donor lymphocytes (1)
- Dopamine (1)
- Dorsal Root Ganglion (1)
- Dorsal root ganglion (1)
- Dose reduction (1)
- Double hemorrhage model (1)
- Drosophila (1)
- Duchenne dystrphy (1)
- Durchblutung (1)
- Dyskinesie (1)
- EAAT2 (1)
- ECM (1)
- EEG (1)
- EEG data (1)
- EMG (1)
- ER Ca2+ imaging (1)
- ER Ca2+ store (1)
- ERK1/2 (1)
- ERT (1)
- ET (1)
- Edema (1)
- Effekte von Contactin-1-IgG-Patientenantikörpern im Zellkulturmodell (1)
- El Escorial (1)
- Electrophysiology (1)
- Embryonalentwicklung (1)
- Emotionales Verhalten (1)
- Encephalitis (1)
- Endarteriektomie (1)
- Endothelzelle (1)
- English version (1)
- Entzündungsreaktion (1)
- Entzündungsschmerz (1)
- Enzephalitis (1)
- Epilepsy (1)
- Epitop (1)
- Erbliche Neuropathien (1)
- Ereigniskorreliertes Potenzial (1)
- Erregbarkeit (1)
- Escalation therapy (1)
- Eskalationstherapie (1)
- Essentieller Tremor (1)
- EuroQol Five Dimension Five Level Scale (EQ-5D-5L) (1)
- Evoked potentials (1)
- Evozierte Potenziale (1)
- Experimental stroke (1)
- Experimentaltumor (1)
- Experimenteller Schlaganfall (1)
- Expression (1)
- F-18-FDG PET (1)
- FOSMN (1)
- FOXP3 (1)
- FP-CIT SPECT (1)
- FSHD (1)
- FTY720 (1)
- FTY720-P (1)
- FXII (1)
- FXIIa inhibitor rHA-Infestin (1)
- Fabry cardiomyopathy (1)
- Fabry nephropathy (1)
- Fabry’s disease (1)
- Facial nerve palsy (1)
- Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (1)
- Factor messenger-RNA (1)
- Fatigue (1)
- Fc-Rezeptor (1)
- Fibroblasten (1)
- Fibroblasts (1)
- Fluoreszenz (1)
- Fluoreszenzmikroskopie (1)
- Focal dystonie (1)
- Frabin/Fgd4 (1)
- Funktionelle Kernspintomografie (1)
- GABAergic neurons (1)
- GAP 43 (1)
- GCH1 (1)
- GFAP-astrocytopathies (1)
- GLA KO mouse model (1)
- GP-IIb/IIIa-Antagonist (1)
- GP-IIb/IIIa-antagonist (1)
- GPCR (1)
- GRAID (1)
- Gait initiation (1)
- Gedächtnis (1)
- Gefäßverschluss (1)
- Gehirn-Computer-Schnittstelle (1)
- Gene-expression (1)
- Genetik (1)
- Genmutation (1)
- Geriatrics (1)
- Geriatrie (1)
- Geste (1)
- Gland (1)
- Glial fibrillary acidic protein (1)
- Glioblastoma (1)
- Glioma stem cells (1)
- Glutamic-acid decarboxylase anxiety (1)
- Guillain-Barr'e-Syndrom (1)
- Guillain-Barré Syndrom (1)
- HMGB1 (1)
- HMSN (1)
- HMSN immune cells (1)
- HPF (1)
- HRUS (1)
- Hautzelle (1)
- Head-injury (1)
- Hearing loss (1)
- Heat Hyperalgesia (1)
- Hemodynamic depression (1)
- Heparin (1)
- Hepatische Enzephalopathie (1)
- Hereditary spastic paraplegia (1)
- Hereditäre Neuropathien (1)
- Hereditäre spastische Spinalparalyse (1)
- Hereditäre spastsiche Paraplegie (1)
- Heriditary sensor and motor neuropathy (1)
- Heriditäre sensomotorische Neuropathie (1)
- Herpesvirus 6 (1)
- Hirnblutung (1)
- Hirndruck (1)
- Hirnstimulation (1)
- Hirnödem (1)
- Hornhaut (1)
- Hyperalgesia (1)
- Hyperalgesie (1)
- IBA-1 (1)
- ICB (1)
- ICH (1)
- IL-15 (1)
- IL-22 binding protein isoform (1)
- IL-4 (1)
- IL22RA2 (1)
- IPND criteria (1)
- IVIG (1)
- IVIg (1)
- Identification (1)
- Idiopathisches Parkinson-Syndrom (1)
- IgG (1)
- IgG4 (1)
- Ih (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Immune cells (1)
- Immune system (1)
- Immunfluoreszenz (1)
- Immunmodulation (1)
- Immunoblot (1)
- Immunreaktion (1)
- Immunzellen (1)
- Impfung (1)
- Improvement (1)
- Infarkt (1)
- Infections (1)
- Inflamamtion (1)
- Influenza (1)
- Infrarotspektroskopie (1)
- Inherited neuropathies (1)
- Innervation (1)
- Insulin (1)
- Integrin (1)
- Integrin alpha-4 (1)
- IntelliCage (1)
- Interferon <beta-> (1)
- Interferon beta (1)
- Interleukin-18 (1)
- Interleukin-4 (1)
- Interleukin-6 (1)
- Interleukin-6-Deficient mice (1)
- International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (1)
- Intractable nausea and vomiting (1)
- Intraepidermale Nervenfaserdichte (1)
- Intrathekale Applikation (1)
- Intravascular coagulation (1)
- Intrinsische Gerinnungskaskade (1)
- Ischemia (1)
- Ischämischer Schlaganfall (1)
- Ixolaris (1)
- JCV (1)
- K+ channel (1)
- K2P channels (1)
- KCNK5 (1)
- K\(_{2P}\)5.1 (1)
- Kaliumkanal (1)
- Kallikrein-Kinin-System (1)
- Kleinfaserneuropathie (1)
- Kleinfaseruntersuchungen (1)
- Kleinhirn (1)
- Knochentumor (1)
- Ko-inhibitorischer Signalweg (1)
- Kognition (1)
- Kognition bei mHE (1)
- Komplement <Immunologie> (1)
- Komplementsystem (1)
- Konfokale Mikroskopie (1)
- Konsolidierung (1)
- Kontrastmittel (1)
- Kopfschemata (1)
- Kortikobasales Syndrom (1)
- Kostimulation (1)
- Kreuzreaktivität (1)
- Kritische Flimmerfrequenz (1)
- L-DOPA (1)
- LI-rTMS (1)
- LIMP-2 (1)
- LSVT-big therapy (1)
- LVO (1)
- Ladder-Rung-Walking-Test (1)
- Laktat (1)
- Landouzy-Déjerine-Atrophie (1)
- Langzeitpotenzierung (1)
- Latenzänderung (1)
- Lebensqualität bei mHE (1)
- Lebensqualität nach stroke (1)
- Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (1)
- Lewy-Pathologie (1)
- Limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) (1)
- Liquor cerebrospinalis (1)
- Lokale Feldpotentialaktivität (1)
- Long COVID (1)
- Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (1)
- Lyme-Krankheit (1)
- Lyme-disease (1)
- Lymphozyten (1)
- Lymphozyten mediierter Angriff auf Neurone (1)
- Lysosomal storage disease (1)
- Ländliche Klinik (1)
- M. Fabry (1)
- M.Fabry (1)
- MDL-28170 (1)
- MIBG scintigraphy (1)
- MIC ligands (1)
- MMN (1)
- MMP9 (1)
- MOC fibers (1)
- MOG (1)
- MOG-IgG (1)
- MPZ (P0) (1)
- MRI criteria (1)
- MRI lesion study (1)
- MRT (1)
- MRT-Läsionsstudie (1)
- MSSS (1)
- Macrophages (1)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- Magnetic-resonance (1)
- Matched pairs (1)
- McDonald criteria (1)
- Mediated Inflammatory Hyperalgesia (1)
- Medium spiny neurons (1)
- Meige syndrome (1)
- Memory dysfunction (1)
- Meningoencephalitis (1)
- Meningoenzephalitis (1)
- Merkel cell density (1)
- Merkel cells (1)
- Merkelzelle (1)
- Mesencephal Locomotor Region (1)
- Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (1)
- Mesenzephale Lokomotor Region (1)
- Methotrexate (1)
- Methyl-2 (1)
- Methylmalonsäure (1)
- Microarray (1)
- Middle cerebral artery infarction (1)
- Migräne (1)
- Mikroblutung (1)
- Mikroglia (1)
- Mikroglobulin <beta-2-> (1)
- Mikroneurographie (1)
- Mitoxantron (1)
- Miyoshi myopathy (1)
- Model (1)
- Molecular-weight heparin (1)
- Mononeuropathie (1)
- Monopolar depression (1)
- Morbus Parkinson (1)
- Morphologie <Biologie> (1)
- Motoneuron (1)
- Motoneuronen (1)
- Motor Control (1)
- Motor cortex (1)
- Motor learning (1)
- Motor nerve biopsy (1)
- Motor plasticity (1)
- Motoradaptation (1)
- Motorische Endplatte (1)
- Motorkonsolidierung (1)
- Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIa (1)
- Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada (1)
- Multiplen Sklerose (1)
- Multisensorische Integration (1)
- Musikwahrnehmung (1)
- Muskel (1)
- Muskelhypertonie (1)
- Muster (1)
- Myasthenia gravis (1)
- Myatrophische Lateralsklerose (1)
- Mycobacterium caprae (1)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (1)
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies (1)
- Myelinopathie (1)
- Myelinopathy (1)
- Myelinprotein (1)
- Myelitis (1)
- Myeloma (1)
- Myoblast (1)
- Myoblasten (1)
- Myopathie (1)
- Mysthenia Gravis (1)
- NADPH oxidase inhibitors (1)
- NAP-2 (1)
- NETs (1)
- NF-\(\kappa\)B (1)
- NF-κB (1)
- NKG2D (1)
- NKG2D ligands (1)
- NLG (1)
- NMO (1)
- NMO-IGG (1)
- NPC1 gene (1)
- NPC2 gene (1)
- NPSI (1)
- NaV1.9 (1)
- Nahinfrarot-Spektroskopie (1)
- Natriumkanal (1)
- Nav1.8 (1)
- Nav1.9 (1)
- Necrosis-factor-Alpha (1)
- Nerve growth-factorcopy (1)
- Nervenregeneration (1)
- Nervenregeneration ; Periphere Nervenverletzung ; Neuromuskuläre Krankheit ; Axonverletzung ; Entmarkung (1)
- Nervensonographie (1)
- Nervenultraschall (1)
- Nestin (1)
- Neuroborreliose (1)
- Neurodegenerative Erkrankung (1)
- Neurofascin-155-IgG4-(Para-)nodopathie (1)
- Neurofascin-155-IgM (1)
- Neurofeedback (1)
- Neurogenic inflammation (1)
- Neurogeriatrie (1)
- Neurologie (1)
- Neuromyelitis Optica (1)
- Neuromyelitis optica (1)
- Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) (1)
- Neuromyelitis optica antibodies (NMO-IgG) (1)
- Neuronale Ceroid Lipofuszinose (1)
- Neuropathic Pain (1)
- Neuroplastizität (1)
- Neuropsychologie (1)
- Neuropsychologischer Test (1)
- Neuroregeneration (1)
- Neurotrophe Faktoren (1)
- Neurotrophic Factors (1)
- Neurotrophic factors (1)
- Neurotrophine (1)
- Neutralisation <Chemie> (1)
- Neutrophil (1)
- NfL (1)
- Nicht-motorische Begleitsymptome (1)
- Nicotinischer Acetylcholinrezeptor (1)
- Niederfrequenzstimulation (1)
- Niemann–Pick disease type C (1)
- Nociceptor (1)
- Nodo-parandopathy (1)
- Nozizeptor (1)
- OCB (1)
- ON-Freezing (1)
- Ofatumumab (1)
- Oligoclonal bands (1)
- Oncostatin-M-Receptor (1)
- Opioid receptor (1)
- Opioidrezeptor (1)
- Optical coherence tomography (1)
- Optikusnervenscheidendurchmesser (1)
- Orai2 (1)
- Oral anticoagulation (1)
- Osteopontin (1)
- Outcome (1)
- P300 Welle (1)
- PD-1 (1)
- PD-L1 (1)
- PF4 (1)
- PHES (1)
- PI3K isoforms (1)
- PML (1)
- PMP22 (1)
- PPAR-gamme (1)
- PREP (1)
- Pain questionnaire (1)
- Pain-related evoked potentials (1)
- Pan-Neurofascin-IgG3 (1)
- Paradoxical heat sensation (1)
- Paranodale und nodale Autoantikörper (1)
- Paranodopathie (1)
- Parkinson Krankheit (1)
- Parkinson's Disease (1)
- Parkinsons disease (1)
- Parkionson's disease (1)
- Partial Sciatic Transection (1)
- Passiv-Transfer (1)
- Pathomechanismus (1)
- Pathophysiologie (1)
- Patient Reported Outcome (1)
- Pedunculopontiner tegmentaler Nukleus (1)
- Perfusion (1)
- Peripheral Inflammation (1)
- Periphere Nerven (1)
- Periphere mononukleäre Zellen (1)
- Pharmacological management (1)
- Phosphodiesterasehemmer (1)
- Photothrombotic Stroke (1)
- Physiotherapie (1)
- Pilzkörper (1)
- Plasma extravasation (1)
- Plasmakallikrein (1)
- Plasmakallikrein ischämischer Schlaganfall (1)
- Plastizität (1)
- Platelets (1)
- Pleckstrin homology containing family member 5 (Plekhg5) (1)
- Pointing error (1)
- Polyneuropathy (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Procalcitonin (1)
- Prodigy (1)
- Prognose (1)
- Prognostik (1)
- Progressive supranuclear palsy (1)
- Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1)
- Protonen (1)
- Protonenspektroskopie (1)
- Psychologische Diagnostik (1)
- Psychophysik (1)
- QSART (1)
- QST (1)
- Quality of life (1)
- Quantitativ Sensorische Testung (1)
- Quantitative Sensorische Testung (1)
- Quantitativer sudomotorischer Axonreflextest (1)
- R-715 (1)
- RAG-1 (1)
- RECK (1)
- RKIP (1)
- RNA extraction (1)
- RT-PCR (1)
- Randomized controlled trial (1)
- Randomized controlled-trial (1)
- Ranvier'sche Schnürringe (1)
- Rasmussen-Syndrom (1)
- Rat (1)
- Rat Sensory Neurons (1)
- Rats (1)
- Ratte (1)
- Raumwahrnehmung (1)
- Receptors (1)
- Regeneration (1)
- Regenerative medicine (1)
- Regulatorische T-Zellen (1)
- Regulatory T cells (1)
- Resilienz (1)
- Respiratory insufficiency (1)
- Retinal degeneration (1)
- Revaskularisierung (1)
- Rheumatoid-Arthritis (1)
- Rho-GTPase Cdc42 (1)
- Rhombencephalitis (1)
- Rhythmusperzeption (1)
- Richardson-Olszewski-Syndrome (1)
- Rituximab (1)
- Rochester diabetic neuropathy (1)
- SARS-CoV (1)
- SB332235 (1)
- SERCA (1)
- SGLT2 inhibitors (1)
- SHRSP (1)
- SMA (1)
- SNI (1)
- SOD1 mutations (1)
- SPECT (1)
- SPG17 (1)
- SPG4 (1)
- SREBP (1)
- STAIR (1)
- STDT (1)
- STEMI (1)
- Sars-CoV-2 (1)
- Schlaganfall-Netzwerk (1)
- Schmerz-assoziierte elektrisch evozierte Potentiale (1)
- Schmerz-assoziierte evozierte Potenziale (1)
- Schmerzerfassung (1)
- Schmerzforschung (1)
- Schmerzfragebogen (1)
- Schmerzzeichnungen (1)
- Schreibkrampf (1)
- Schub (1)
- Schwann Zellen (1)
- Schwann cell dedifferentiation (1)
- Schwann cell differentiation (1)
- Schwann cells (1)
- Schwann-Zelle (1)
- Schwann-cells (1)
- Schweißdrüse (1)
- Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (1)
- Score (1)
- Screening questionnaire (1)
- Secondary stroke prevention (1)
- Sekundärprävention (1)
- Sensitivity (1)
- Sensorik <Neurophysiologie> (1)
- Serotonin-Reuptake-Hemmer (1)
- Sigaltransduktionsweg (1)
- Signaltransduktion (1)
- Silver-syndrome (1)
- Sjorgens-syndrome (1)
- Skelettmuskel (1)
- Skin biopsy (1)
- Small Fiber Neuropathie (1)
- Small fiber dysfunction (1)
- Small-fiber neuropathy (1)
- Sonic hedgehog (1)
- Sonographie (1)
- Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (1)
- Spinalganglienneuron (1)
- Stammganglienblutung (1)
- Stenosis degree (1)
- Stenosis length (1)
- Stent (1)
- Stereologie (1)
- Stiff-Person-Syndrom (1)
- Stim (1)
- Stimuli (1)
- Striatum (1)
- Stroke Manager (1)
- Stroke-Unit (1)
- Subarachnoid (1)
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage (1)
- Subarachnoidalblutung (1)
- Suralisbiopsien (1)
- Suralisneurographie (1)
- Survey (1)
- Synapse (1)
- Synaptic plasticity (1)
- System involvement (1)
- T cell activation (1)
- T cell line (1)
- T lymphocyte (1)
- T- Lymphozyt (1)
- T-PA (1)
- T-cell epitope (1)
- T-cell repertoire (1)
- T-cells (1)
- T-lymphocyte (1)
- T-zell epitope (1)
- T-zell repertoir (1)
- TAP Alertness (1)
- TASK2 (1)
- TBI (1)
- TIMP-1 (1)
- TIND (1)
- TLO (1)
- TMS (1)
- TNF (1)
- TNF alpha (1)
- TNF-R1 (1)
- TNF-R2 (1)
- TNF-Rezeptor-1 (1)
- TNF-Rezeptor-2 (1)
- TNF-receptor-1 (1)
- TNF-receptor-2 (1)
- TNF-receptors (1)
- TNF-α (1)
- TNFα (1)
- TOR1A (1)
- TRP (1)
- TRP Channels (1)
- TRPV 1 (1)
- TSPO (1)
- Tdp-43 (1)
- Telemedizin (1)
- Temporal Discrimination Threshold (1)
- Therapy (1)
- Thermal Hyperalgesia (1)
- Thrombektomie (1)
- Thrombo-inflammation (1)
- Thromboinflammation (1)
- Thrombolyse (1)
- Thrombozyt (1)
- Thrombus (1)
- Thrombus formation (1)
- Thymom (1)
- Tiefe Hirnstimulation (1)
- Topiramat (1)
- Topiramate (1)
- Tor1a (1)
- Torticollis (1)
- Training (1)
- Transkranielle Magnetstimulation (1)
- Transverse Myelitis (1)
- Transverse myelitis (1)
- Trauma (1)
- Trem2 (1)
- Trepanation (1)
- Triamcinolon (1)
- Trick (1)
- Tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (Tph2) (1)
- Tuberkulose (1)
- Tumor-Nekrose-Faktor (1)
- Tumor-Nekrose-Faktor <alpha> (1)
- Tumor-Nekrose-Faktor <alpha>-Inhibitor (1)
- Type 1 diabetes (1)
- Umfragestudie (1)
- Ureaplasma species (1)
- Urämie (1)
- VCAM (1)
- VCAM-1 (1)
- VR1 (1)
- Vaccination (1)
- Vascular system (1)
- Vaskulitische Polyneuropathie (1)
- Vasodilatator-stimuliertes Phosphoprotein (1)
- Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein (1)
- Venlafaxin (1)
- Verbesserung (1)
- Vergleich (1)
- ViMS (1)
- Viral (1)
- Virus (1)
- Visuomotorisches Lernen (1)
- Vitamin D (1)
- Vitamin D-Mangel (1)
- Vitamin-B12-Mangel (1)
- Volon A (1)
- Von-Willebrand-factor (1)
- Western blot (1)
- White matter lesions (1)
- Wiederbelebung (1)
- Wingerchuk criteria 2006 and 2015 (1)
- Wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs (1)
- Würzburg / Universität Würzburg (1)
- X-Chromosom (1)
- X-Inaktivierung (1)
- X-chromosomal inactivation (1)
- XAV-939 (1)
- ZNS (1)
- Zeitwahrnehmung (1)
- Zellkultur (1)
- Zentralnervensystems (1)
- Zonula Occludens-1 (1)
- Zytokin (1)
- [18F]FDG positron emission tomography (1)
- abciximab (1)
- acid sphingomyelinase (1)
- activation (1)
- activity-dependent slowing (1)
- acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (1)
- acute management of stroke (1)
- acute neurology (1)
- acute stroke imaging (1)
- acute stroke management (1)
- acute stroke outcome (1)
- adhesion molecules (1)
- adrenal medulla (1)
- adsorption (1)
- adult-onset (1)
- advanced therapy medicinal products (1)
- afferents (1)
- age (1)
- aggression (1)
- agrin (1)
- albumin (1)
- algorithm (1)
- alias pilot trial (1)
- allodynia (1)
- alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (1)
- alpha-galactosidase A (1)
- alpha-synuclein (1)
- alpha‐synuclein (1)
- alpha‐synuclein propagation (1)
- alpha‐synuclein seeding (1)
- amitriptyline (1)
- amygdala (1)
- amyloidosis (1)
- amyotrophe Lateralsklerose (1)
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1)
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (1)
- analgesia (1)
- analgesic medication (1)
- aneurysm surgery (1)
- angiography (1)
- animal behavior (1)
- ankles (1)
- antagomir (1)
- anthropometric measurement (1)
- anthropometric measurements (1)
- anti-Amphiphysin Antikörper (1)
- anti-amphiphysin antibodies (1)
- anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (1)
- anti-contactin-1 (1)
- antibody (1)
- anticoagulants (1)
- antidepressants (1)
- antigen-presenting cells (1)
- antithrombotic (1)
- apoE (1)
- apoe (1)
- apomorphine (1)
- apoplexy (1)
- aquaporin 4 (1)
- aquaporin-4 autoantibodies (1)
- areas (1)
- arm (1)
- artery occlusion (1)
- asomatognosia (1)
- assistive devices (1)
- association (1)
- association studies in genetics (1)
- assoziative Paarstimulation (1)
- astrocyte (1)
- astrocytes (1)
- astrogliosis (1)
- atherosclerosis (1)
- atrophy Kennedys-disease (1)
- attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (1)
- attenuation of disease (1)
- atypical chemokine receptor 3 (1)
- auditorisches Neurofeedback Training (1)
- auditory (1)
- autoantibody (aAb) (1)
- autoantigen (1)
- autoimmune neuroinflammation (1)
- autoimmune nodopathy (1)
- autoimmunität (1)
- autophagy (1)
- autoradiography (1)
- axon growth (1)
- axon guidance molecules (1)
- axonal degeneration (1)
- axonal integrity (1)
- axonal transcriptome (1)
- axonal transport (1)
- axonopathic changes (1)
- back pain (1)
- barrier (1)
- barrier integrity (1)
- basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (1)
- basal ganglia hemorrhage (1)
- behavioral disorders (1)
- beta oscillation (1)
- beta power (1)
- beta2 Mikroglobulin knock-out Mäuse (1)
- beta2 microglobulin knock-out mice (1)
- bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis (1)
- bilateral motor network (1)
- binding analysis (1)
- biological locomotion (1)
- biopsies (1)
- blood (1)
- blood CSF barrier (1)
- blood coagulability (1)
- blood coagulation (1)
- blood nerve barrier (1)
- blood sedimentation (1)
- body diagram (1)
- body ownership (1)
- bone (1)
- bone-marrow (1)
- botulinum neurotoxin (1)
- botulinum toxin (1)
- bradykinesia (1)
- bradykinin (1)
- brain dynamics (1)
- brain edema (1)
- brain endothelium (1)
- brain metabolic alterations (1)
- brain networks (1)
- brain state (1)
- brain stem (1)
- burning pain (1)
- bystander activation (1)
- c-fibre (1)
- calpain (1)
- capsaicin (1)
- cardiac imaging (1)
- cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- cardiovascular disease (1)
- care (1)
- care tempis (1)
- caregiver (1)
- caudate nucleus (1)
- celiac disease (1)
- cell adhesion (1)
- cell binding assay (1)
- cellular therapy (1)
- cerebellar vermis hypoplasia (1)
- cerebellum (1)
- cerebral arteries (1)
- cerebral blood flow (1)
- cerebral endothelial cell (1)
- cerebral endothelial cells (1)
- cerebral inflammation (1)
- cerebral microbleeds (1)
- cerebral small vessel disease (1)
- cerebrale Ischämie (1)
- cerebrospinal fluid culture (1)
- cerebrospinal-fluid (1)
- cerebrovascular diseases (1)
- chitinase-3-like protein 1 (1)
- choline acetyltransferase (1)
- cholinergic activity (1)
- cholinergic system (1)
- chronic constriction nerve injury (1)
- chronic constriction nerve injury (CCI) (1)
- chronic heart failure (1)
- chronic stimulation (1)
- chronic stress (1)
- chronische Multiple Sklerose (1)
- circuitopathies (1)
- classification (1)
- claudin-1 (1)
- clinical approach (1)
- clinical diagnosis (1)
- clinical neurology (1)
- clinical outcome (1)
- clinical phenotype (1)
- clip control (1)
- closed-loop (1)
- cluster analysis (1)
- co-inhibitory signalling (1)
- coagulation (1)
- coagulation factor XIIa (1)
- cochlea (1)
- cognitive (1)
- cognitive decline (1)
- cognitive function (1)
- coherence (1)
- coherence analysis (1)
- collagens (1)
- collateral circulation (1)
- colony stimulating factor 1 (1)
- compensatory strategies (1)
- complement deposition (1)
- complex regional pain syndrome (1)
- comprehension (1)
- computed tomography (1)
- computer vision (1)
- contact activation system (1)
- contactin (1)
- continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) (1)
- contrast (1)
- contrast-enhanced MRI (1)
- contrastmedium (1)
- conversion (1)
- coordination (1)
- coping (1)
- corneale confocale Mikroskopie (1)
- cortical activation (1)
- cortical excitability (1)
- cortical oscillatory activity (1)
- cortical pathology (1)
- cortical silent period (1)
- cortico-striatal synapse (1)
- corticobasal syndrome (1)
- costimulation (1)
- critical flimmer frequency (1)
- crossover trial (1)
- crush (1)
- cue (1)
- cutaneous innervation (1)
- cutaneous patch (1)
- cutting edge (1)
- dSPN (1)
- dSTORM (1)
- damage cool aid (1)
- darbepoetin alpha (1)
- data filtering (1)
- decompressive hemicraniectomy (1)
- decreasing autonomy (1)
- deep brain stimulation (DBS) (1)
- deep brain-stimulation (1)
- dekompressive Hemikraniektomie (1)
- delayed cerebral infarction (1)
- delays progression (1)
- demography (1)
- demyelinating disease (1)
- demyelinating polyneuropathy (1)
- demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (1)
- dendric cells (1)
- dendritic cells (1)
- dendritische Zellen (1)
- dermal B cells (1)
- design (1)
- developmental signaling (1)
- diabetes mellitus (1)
- diagnosis in Fabry disease (1)
- diagnostic delay (1)
- diagnostic medicine (1)
- diagnostics (1)
- diapedesis (1)
- diffuse (1)
- digital medicine (1)
- direct pathway (1)
- directional deep brain stimulation (1)
- disease model (1)
- disease progression (1)
- disease severity (1)
- disease-modifying therapy (1)
- disorder (1)
- domain potassium channels (1)
- dopamine acetylcholine (1)
- dopamine transporter (DAT) (1)
- dopaminergic cells (1)
- dorsal root ganglion neuron (1)
- drug (1)
- duodenal levodopa infusion (1)
- dysferlinopathy (1)
- early-onset isolated dystonia (1)
- edoxaban (1)
- effects (1)
- efficacy (1)
- ejection fraction (1)
- elderly (1)
- electromyography (1)
- element (1)
- embolic stroke (1)
- emotion (1)
- emulsions (1)
- encephalitis (1)
- endothelin-1 (1)
- endotheliopathy (1)
- enteropathy (1)
- enzyme assays (1)
- enzyme-linked immunoassays (1)
- epidermis (1)
- epitope (1)
- etanercept (1)
- event-related desynchronization (1)
- evoked potentials (1)
- excitability (1)
- exome sequencing (1)
- experimental (1)
- experimental autoimmune neuritis (1)
- experimental design (1)
- expert opinion (1)
- extensiv transverse myelitis (1)
- extracellular domain (1)
- eye movement disorders (1)
- fMRI Analyse (1)
- facial pain (1)
- factor XI (1)
- familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (1)
- family caregiver (1)
- fatigue (1)
- fear (1)
- fear memory (1)
- feasibility (1)
- feeling of bodily self (1)
- female Fabry patients (1)
- females (1)
- fetal (1)
- fibers (1)
- fibroblast (1)
- fibromyalgia sydrome (1)
- fine-mapping (1)
- finger-tapping task (1)
- finger-tapping task (FTT) (1)
- fingolimod (1)
- flotillin-1 lipid rafts (1)
- fluorine (1)
- focal (1)
- focal brain lesion (1)
- focal cerebral ischemia (1)
- focal cerebral-ischemia (1)
- fosfomycin (1)
- fractionator (1)
- free radical scavenger (1)
- freezing of gait (FOG) (1)
- fullerenes (1)
- functional MRI (1)
- functional connectivity (1)
- functional neuroanatomy (1)
- functional status (1)
- fungal infection (1)
- future directions (1)
- gadofluorine (1)
- gadolinium-DTPA (1)
- gait modulation (1)
- gait-phase prediction (1)
- galactomannan (1)
- gender (1)
- gene mutations (1)
- gene variant (1)
- gene-by-environment interaction (1)
- gene-environment interaction (1)
- gene-environmental interaction (1)
- generalized cerebellar atrophy (1)
- genome-wide association study (1)
- genotype-phenotype correlation (1)
- genotype/phenotype correlation (1)
- gephyrin (1)
- geste (1)
- giant cell arteritis (1)
- glia (1)
- glial damage (1)
- glioblastoma multiforme (1)
- globus pallidus (1)
- globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) (1)
- glycation end products (1)
- glycine receptor (GlyR) (1)
- glycine receptor autoantibodies (1)
- glycoprotein Ib (1)
- glycoprotein VI (1)
- glycoprotein receptor Ibα (1)
- glycosylation (1)
- granzyme B (1)
- gridle muscular-dystrophy (1)
- growth (1)
- growth pattern (1)
- health behavior (1)
- health-related quality of life (1)
- health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (1)
- hemicraniectomy (1)
- hemoglobin (1)
- hemorrhagic transformation (1)
- heparin (1)
- hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (1)
- hereditary neuropathy (1)
- hereditary spastic paraplegia (1)
- hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) (1)
- hereditäre Neuropathien (1)
- hereditäre periphere Neuropathie (1)
- hernia repair (1)
- hexanucleotide repeat (1)
- high contrast (1)
- hip (1)
- hippocampus (1)
- histology (1)
- homotypic fusion and protein sorting (1)
- hospitals (1)
- human brain endothelium (1)
- human brain microvascular endothelial cells (1)
- human cerebral endothelial cells (1)
- human muscle-cells (1)
- human neurons (1)
- humans (1)
- hyperalgesia (1)
- hypercholesterolemia (1)
- hyperekplexia (1)
- hypothermia (1)
- hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (1)
- hypoxische Enzephalopathie (1)
- i.v. thrombolysis (1)
- iNOS-Synthase (1)
- iPSC (1)
- idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (1)
- image quality (1)
- image-guided programming (1)
- imaging (1)
- immaturity (1)
- immune (1)
- immune-response (1)
- immunisation (1)
- immunofluorescence (1)
- immunofluoreszenz (1)
- immunoglobulin-G (1)
- immunzellen (1)
- implants (1)
- in-vivo (1)
- incidence (1)
- increased risk (1)
- induced neural stem cells (1)
- inducible expression (1)
- inducible nitric oxide synthase (1)
- inebilizumab (1)
- inertial measurement units (1)
- infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (1)
- infarction size (1)
- infarction volume (1)
- infection (1)
- inflammatory cascades (1)
- inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (1)
- inflammatory pain (1)
- informal care (1)
- informal caregiving (1)
- informed consent (1)
- inherited metabolic disorders (1)
- inherited peripheral neuropathy (1)
- injection site reactions; (1)
- innate immune system (1)
- innervation (1)
- integrin α2 (1)
- integrins (1)
- intensity of attention (1)
- interference (1)
- interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (1)
- interleukin-8 (1)
- internal carotid artery stenosis (1)
- internal globus pallidus (1)
- internal medicine (1)
- internet-based intervention (1)
- interval timing (1)
- interview (1)
- intracranial bleeding (1)
- intracranial hemorrhage (1)
- intractable hiccup (1)
- intraepidermal nerve fiber density (1)
- intraepidermal nerve fibre density (1)
- intraoperative (1)
- intrathecal (1)
- intrathecal application (1)
- intrathekal (1)
- intravenous immunoglobulin (1)
- intravenous thrombolysis (1)
- invasive electric stimulation (1)
- ipsilateral motor evoked potential (1)
- ipsilateral motor network (1)
- iron (1)
- iron dyshomeostasis (1)
- iron oxide nanoparticles (1)
- ischemia (1)
- ischemia/reperfusion injury (1)
- ischemic cascade (1)
- kallikrein-kinin system (1)
- kallikrein–kinin system (1)
- kinesthesia (1)
- kinin receptor (1)
- kinin receptors (1)
- kleinkalibrige Nervenfasern (1)
- knees (1)
- knockout (1)
- large vessel occlusion (1)
- latency shift (1)
- learning (1)
- levodopa-induced dyskinesia (1)
- linkage (1)
- liponeurocytoma (1)
- locomotion (1)
- locomotor network (1)
- long-term pain (1)
- longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (1)
- lymphokine-activated killer (1)
- lyso-Gb3 (1)
- lysosomal dysfunction (1)
- lysosomal enzyme (1)
- lysosomal storage disease (1)
- lyso‐Gb3 (1)
- mRNA expression (1)
- magnesium (1)
- makrophagen (1)
- malignant middle cerebrial artery infarction (1)
- maligner Mediainfarkt (1)
- management (1)
- mast cells (1)
- matrix metalloproteinases (1)
- mechanical energy (1)
- mechanisms (1)
- medial ganglionic eminence (1)
- medication therapy failure (1)
- medikamentöse Sekundärprävention bei stroke (1)
- medulloblastoma (1)
- memory (1)
- meningoencephalitis (1)
- mental health (1)
- mesenchymal stem and stromal cells (1)
- mesenchymal stem cells (1)
- metaanalysis (1)
- methylphenidate (1)
- miR-182-5p (1)
- miRNA expression patterns (1)
- miRNA polymorphisms (1)
- miRNA-based analgesic (1)
- miRNA-based diagnostics (1)
- mice impact (1)
- microangiopathy (1)
- microscopy (1)
- microsphere/macrosphere (1)
- microtubules (1)
- midbrain (1)
- migraine (1)
- migraineur (1)
- minimal hepatische Enzephalopathie (1)
- minocycline (1)
- mixed fiber neuropathy (1)
- mixed methods (1)
- molecular mechanism (1)
- molecular mimicry (1)
- molecular signature (1)
- monocycline (1)
- monocytes (1)
- monomethyl fumarate (1)
- morphology (1)
- motoneuron (1)
- motoneuron disease (1)
- motor (1)
- motor axonal neuropathy (1)
- motor control (1)
- motor cortex (1)
- motor evoked potential (MEP) (1)
- motor function (1)
- motor neuron disease (1)
- motor neuropathy (1)
- motor proteins (1)
- motor-evoked potentials (MEP) (1)
- motorisches Lernen (1)
- mouse (1)
- mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell cultur (1)
- movement (1)
- movement disorder (1)
- movements (1)
- multiple sklerosis (1)
- multisensorische Integration (1)
- multisensory integration (1)
- muscle atrophy (1)
- muscle strength (1)
- mushroom-body (1)
- musikalische Syntax (1)
- musk myasthenia gravis (1)
- myasthenia gravis (1)
- myelin biology and repair (1)
- myelin protein zero (1)
- myelination (1)
- myoblast (1)
- myocardial infarction (1)
- myopathy (1)
- nACh-Rezeptor (1)
- natalizumab (1)
- natural history (1)
- natural killer cells (1)
- near infrared spectroscopy (1)
- near-infrared spectroscopy (1)
- neonatal meningitis (1)
- nerve conduction studies (1)
- nerve tumor (1)
- nerve-fibers (1)
- nervous system (1)
- nervous-system (1)
- neural apoptosis (1)
- neural biomarkers (1)
- neural stem cell (1)
- neural stem cells (1)
- neuralgia (1)
- neurobehavioural deficits (1)
- neuroborreliosis (1)
- neurocritical care (1)
- neurocytoma (1)
- neurofilaments (1)
- neurogen (1)
- neuroleukemiosis (1)
- neurological (1)
- neurological complications (1)
- neurological examination (1)
- neuromelanin (1)
- neuromuskuläre Endplatte (1)
- neuronal apoptosis (1)
- neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (1)
- neuronal differentiation (1)
- neuronal network (1)
- neuronal stem cells (1)
- neurone (1)
- neuronopathy (1)
- neurophysiology (1)
- neuroplasticity (1)
- neuropsychology (1)
- neuroregeneration (1)
- neurorepair (1)
- neuroscience (1)
- neurotrophins (1)
- neutralization (1)
- neutrophil (1)
- nicotinamide (1)
- nicotinic receptors (1)
- nociceptive Schwann cells (1)
- nociceptor sensitization (1)
- node of Ranvier (1)
- node of ranvier (1)
- nodes of Ranvier (1)
- non-motor features (1)
- nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (1)
- noradrenalin (1)
- noradrenaline (1)
- norepinephrine (1)
- novo renal transplantation (1)
- nucleus ventralis intermedius (1)
- nystagmus (1)
- object recognition memory (1)
- obstacle avoidance (1)
- occlusion (1)
- oligodendroglia (1)
- on-site examination (1)
- online systems (1)
- ontactin 1 (1)
- opioid (1)
- opioidreceptor (1)
- optic nerve sheath diameter (1)
- optic neuritis (1)
- optical coherence tomography (1)
- orofacial pain (1)
- orofazialer Schmerz (1)
- oscillations (1)
- outcome (1)
- outer hair cell (OHC) (1)
- oxidative stress (1)
- p.R245H (1)
- p.S298P (1)
- p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (1)
- p57kip2 (1)
- pain drawings (1)
- pain pattern (1)
- pain related evoked potentials (1)
- pain sensation (1)
- pain-associated behavior (1)
- paired associative stimulation (1)
- pallidal stimulation (1)
- pandemic (1)
- paranodopathy (1)
- paraparesis (1)
- parkinson disease (1)
- parkinsons disease (1)
- passiv transfer (1)
- pathology section (1)
- pathophysilogical mechanisms (1)
- pathophysiology (1)
- pathway analysis (1)
- pathways (1)
- patient reported outcome measures (1)
- patient triage (1)
- pattern (1)
- pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) (1)
- pegylated insulin-like growth factor 1 (1)
- peptide (1)
- periperal nerve (1)
- peripheral blood mononuclear cells (1)
- peripheral injury (1)
- peripheral nerve (1)
- peripheral nerve injury (1)
- peripheral nerve involvement (1)
- peripheral nerve trauma (1)
- peripheral nerves (1)
- peripheral nervous-system (1)
- permanent and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (1)
- pet (1)
- ph (1)
- phosphodiesterase inhibitor (1)
- phosphorylated tau protein (1)
- physical therapy modalities (1)
- pilot project (1)
- placebo-controlled (1)
- plaque cross-sectional area (1)
- plasma extravasation (1)
- plasma oxysterols (1)
- plasminogen (1)
- plasticity (1)
- platelet activation (1)
- platelet aggregation (1)
- pleasant touch (1)
- point-of-care echocardiography (1)
- pointing task (1)
- polymorphism (1)
- polymorphisms inflammation (1)
- polymyositis (1)
- population-based (1)
- position estimation (1)
- post-processing (1)
- post-traumatic stress disorder (1)
- postherpetic neuralgia (1)
- postural control (1)
- posture (1)
- potassium channels (1)
- potent inducer (1)
- precision medicine (1)
- predictive coding (1)
- prednisone (1)
- prefrontal cortex (1)
- premotor cortex (1)
- presynaptic inhibition (1)
- preterm birth (1)
- preventive treatment (1)
- procalcitonin (1)
- progression (1)
- progressive ataxia (1)
- progressive encephalitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) (1)
- progressive multiple sclerosis (1)
- progressive supranuclear palsy (1)
- proinflammatory cytokine (1)
- protein and mRNA expression (1)
- proteins (1)
- proteolipid protein (1)
- proteolipid protein gene (1)
- proteomics (1)
- protons (1)
- prä-post Design (1)
- prämotorischer Cortex (1)
- psychological support (1)
- psychosocial resilience (1)
- purmorphamine (1)
- quality (1)
- quality control (1)
- quality of life (QoL) (1)
- quality-control (1)
- qutenza (1)
- randomized controlled double-blind study (1)
- rasmussen encephalitis (1)
- rat brain microvascular endothelial cell culture (1)
- rat hepatocytes (1)
- rats (1)
- reach-to-grasp movement (1)
- reaction-time tasks (1)
- receptor (1)
- receptor tyrosine kinase (1)
- recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (1)
- recommendations (1)
- recovery (1)
- recurrence (1)
- reflex (1)
- regeneration (1)
- regional heterogeneity (1)
- regulation (1)
- regulatorische T Zellen (1)
- regulatory cells (1)
- reinnervation (1)
- relapsing multiple sclerosis (1)
- relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (1)
- religiosity (1)
- renal function (1)
- reoxygenation (1)
- reperfusion (1)
- reperfusion injury (1)
- reproducible outcome measure (1)
- reserpinized rat model (1)
- resilience (1)
- responsivity (1)
- retinal ganglion cells (1)
- retinocochleocerebral (1)
- retrograde Marker (1)
- retrograde tracers (1)
- rett (1)
- rhythm perception (1)
- rhythmperception (1)
- risk (1)
- risk factors (1)
- risk of fall (1)
- rt-PA (1)
- rural clinics (1)
- rutabaga (1)
- safety and tolerability (1)
- scale (1)
- schmerz-assoziierte elektrisch-evozierte Potenziale (1)
- sciatic nerve (1)
- sciatic nerve injury (1)
- sciatic nerves (1)
- search filter (1)
- secondary infarct growth (1)
- secretome (1)
- segmental centers of mass (1)
- sensomotorisch (1)
- sensory (1)
- sensory neurons (1)
- seronegative (1)
- serotonin (1)
- serotonin transporter (1)
- serum (1)
- sex addiction (1)
- shedding (1)
- shingles (1)
- siRNA (1)
- signal peptide (1)
- signal transduction pathway (1)
- single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (1)
- skewed (1)
- skilled forelimb movements (1)
- skin cells (1)
- skin diseases (1)
- skin tumors (1)
- small fiber tests (1)
- small molecule (1)
- small nerve fibers (1)
- small vessel disease (1)
- small-fiber neuropathy (1)
- small-fiber-Neuropathie (1)
- small-molecule Inhibitoren (1)
- small-molecule inhibitors (1)
- socioeconomic status (1)
- software (1)
- soleus muscles (1)
- soluble endoglin (1)
- somatic resilience (1)
- somatosensory temporal discrimination (1)
- somatosensory-evoked-potentials (1)
- spannungsgesteuerter Natriumkanal (1)
- spatial attention (1)
- sphingolipids (1)
- spinal muscular atrophy (1)
- spinal-cord (1)
- spinal-cord-injury (1)
- startle disease (1)
- stenosis (1)
- stent-retriever device (1)
- steroids (1)
- stiff-person syndrome (SPS) (1)
- stimulation (1)
- stimulationsinduzierte Plasitzität (1)
- store-operated Ca2+ entry (1)
- stress (1)
- striatal dopaminergic dysregulation (1)
- stroke networks (1)
- stromal cells (1)
- study (1)
- subarachnoid hemorrhage (1)
- subcutaneous injection (1)
- substance-P (1)
- subthalamic nucleus (STN) (1)
- sural nerve (1)
- survey (1)
- swimming (1)
- switch (1)
- symptom control (1)
- symptom-specific treatment (1)
- synapse (1)
- synaptic plasticity (1)
- synaptic transmission (1)
- syndrome (1)
- system (1)
- systematic review (1)
- systemic inflammation (1)
- systems biology (1)
- systolic dysfunction (1)
- target considerations (1)
- task retention (1)
- telemedicine network (1)
- temporal discrimination threshold (1)
- teriflunomide (1)
- term follow-up (1)
- tetrahydroisoquinoline derivates (1)
- tetraparesis (1)
- thrombemboli (1)
- thromboemboli (1)
- thromboembolic clot model (1)
- thromboembolic stroke (1)
- thromboinflammation (1)
- thrombus formation (1)
- thymoma (1)
- tics (1)
- tiefe Hirnstimulation (1)
- time (1)
- timing (1)
- tissue resident T cells (1)
- tissue-plasminogen activator (1)
- tnf (1)
- tolerance (1)
- toleranz (1)
- tool (1)
- topography (1)
- torsinA (1)
- torticollis (1)
- transcranial direct current stimulation (1)
- transcranial magnetic simulation (TMS) (1)
- transgenic mouse model (1)
- transient middle cerebral artery (1)
- transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model (1)
- transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) (1)
- transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation (tDCS) (1)
- translation (1)
- translational research (1)
- translational stroke research (1)
- transmission electron microscopy (1)
- treatment options (1)
- treatment-induced neuropathy in diabetes (TIND) (1)
- treatment-resistant depression (1)
- triamcinolone acetonide (1)
- trick (1)
- trigeminal nerve (1)
- trigeminal neuropathy (1)
- troponin (1)
- tuberculous meningitis (1)
- tumor (1)
- tumor immunity (1)
- ultrasound imaging (1)
- under-dosing (1)
- up-regulation (1)
- upper limb (1)
- validation (1)
- variants of unknown significance (1)
- vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (1)
- vascular dementia (1)
- vascular homeostasis (1)
- vascular permeability (1)
- vasculopathy (1)
- venlafaxine (1)
- versus (1)
- vertebrobasilar insufficiency (1)
- vertebrobasilar stroke (1)
- vertigo (1)
- vessel patency (1)
- vestibular (1)
- videooculography (1)
- virtual reality (1)
- visual activity (1)
- visual pathways (1)
- visuoadaptive motor task (1)
- visuomotorisches Lernen (1)
- volume regulation (1)
- vs (1)
- weight drop (1)
- white blood cells (1)
- white matter disease (1)
- white matter hyperintensities (1)
- white matter lesions (1)
- zeitliche Wahrnehmungsschwellen (1)
- zerebelläre Gleichstromstimulation (1)
- zerebrale Endothelzelle (1)
- zerebrale Endothelzellen (1)
- Ältere (1)
- α-Galactosidase A (1)
- α-Synuclein (1)
- α-synuclein-specific T cells (1)
- α‐GalA 3D‐structure (1)
- β-APP (1)
- “bulbar-onset” ALS (bALS) (1)
- “limb-onset” ALS (lALS) (1)
Institute
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (507)
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Neuroradiologie (ehem. Abteilung für Neuroradiologie) (26)
- Graduate School of Life Sciences (19)
- Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik (17)
- Institut für Klinische Epidemiologie und Biometrie (16)
- Institut für Klinische Neurobiologie (16)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I (16)
- Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum (16)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz (DZHI) (14)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (12)
Schriftenreihe
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
- Datenintegrationszentrum Würzburg (DIZ) (1)
- Institut für Musikphysiologie und Musiker-Medizin der Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien, Hannover (1)
- Interdisziplinäre Biomaterial- und Datenbank Würzburg (ibdw) (1)
- Interdisziplinäres Amyloidosezentrum Nordbayern (1)
- KfH Nierenzentrum (1)
- Klinische Studienzentrale (Universitätsklinikum) (1)
- Politecnico di Milano (1)
- Sahin Lab, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School (1)
- Wurzburg Fabry Center for Interdisciplinary Therapy (FAZIT), Wurzburg, Germany (1)
- Würzburg Fabry Center for Interdisciplinary Therapy (FAZIT), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (1)
We investigated in vivo brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) distribution in cognitively intact subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD) at an early stage of the disease. Fourteen patients and 13 healthy subjects were imaged with single photon emission computed tomography and the radiotracer 5-[(123)I]iodo-3-[2(S)-2-azetidinylmethoxy]pyridine ([(123)I]5IA). Patients were selected according to several criteria, including short duration of motor signs (<7 years) and normal scores at an extensive neuropsychological evaluation. In PD patients, nAChR density was significantly higher in the putamen, the insular cortex and the supplementary motor area and lower in the caudate nucleus, the orbitofrontal cortex, and the middle temporal gyrus. Disease duration positively correlated with nAChR density in the putamen ipsilateral (ρ = 0.56, p < 0.05) but not contralateral (ρ = 0.49, p = 0.07) to the clinically most affected hemibody. We observed, for the first time in vivo, higher nAChR density in brain regions of the motor and limbic basal ganglia circuits of subjects with PD. Our findings support the notion of an up-regulated cholinergic activity at the striatal and possibly cortical level in cognitively intact PD patients at an early stage of disease.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces a strong inflammatory response which includes blood-brain barrier damage, edema formation and infiltration of different immune cell subsets. More recently, microvascular thrombosis has been identified as another pathophysiological feature of TBI. The contact-kinin system represents an interface between inflammatory and thrombotic circuits and is activated in different neurological diseases. C1-Inhibitor counteracts activation of the contact-kinin system at multiple levels. We investigated the therapeutic potential of C1-Inhibitor in a model of TBI. Male and female C57BL/6 mice were subjected to cortical cryolesion and treated with C1-Inhibitor after 1 h. Lesion volumes were assessed between day 1 and day 5 and blood-brain barrier damage, thrombus formation as well as the local inflammatory response were determined post TBI. Treatment of male mice with 15.0 IU C1-Inhibitor, but not 7.5 IU, 1 h after cryolesion reduced lesion volumes by ~75% on day 1. This protective effect was preserved in female mice and at later stages of trauma. Mechanistically, C1-Inhibitor stabilized the blood-brain barrier and decreased the invasion of immune cells into the brain parenchyma. Moreover, C1-Inhibitor had strong antithrombotic effects. C1-Inhibitor represents a multifaceted anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic compound that prevents traumatic neurodegeneration in clinically meaningful settings.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite improvements in acute intensive care, there are currently no specific therapies to ameliorate the effects of TBI. Successful therapeutic strategies for TBI should target multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms that occur at different stages of brain injury. The kallikrein-kinin system is a promising therapeutic target for TBI as it mediates key pathologic events of traumatic brain damage, such as edema formation, inflammation, and thrombosis. Selective and specific kinin receptor antagonists and inhibitors of plasma kallikrein and coagulation factor XII have been developed, and have already shown therapeutic efficacy in animal models of stroke and TBI. However, conflicting preclinical evaluation, as well as limited and inconclusive data from clinical trials in TBI, suggests that caution should be taken before transferring observations made in animals to humans. This review summarizes current evidence on the pathologic significance of the kallikrein-kinin system during TBI in animal models and, where available, the experimental findings are compared with human data.
Background: Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a sporadic and progressive neurodegenerative disease which belongs to the family of tauopathies and involves both cortical and subcortical structures. No effective therapy is to date available.
Methods/design: Autologous bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from patients affected by different type of parkinsonisms have shown their ability to improve the dopaminergic function in preclinical and clinical models. It is also possible to isolate and expand MSC from the BM of PSP patients with the same proliferation rate and immuphenotypic profile as MSC from healthy donors. BM MSC can be efficiently delivered to the affected brain regions of PSP patients where they can exert their beneficial effects through different mechanisms including the secretion of neurotrophic factors. Here we propose a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase I clinical trial in patients affected by PSP with MSC delivered via intra-arterial injection.
Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first clinical trial to be applied in a no-option parkinsonism that aims to test the safety and to exploit the properties of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in reducing disease progression. The study has been designed to test the safety of this " first-in-man" approach and to preliminarily explore its efficacy by excluding the placebo effect.
Trial registration: NCT01824121
FoxP3+Regulatory T Cells Determine Disease Severity in Rodent Models of Inflammatory Neuropathies
(2014)
Inflammatory neuropathies represent disabling human autoimmune disorders with considerable disease variability. Animal models provide insights into defined aspects of their disease pathogenesis. Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+ regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) are anti-inflammatory cells that maintain immune tolerance and counteract tissue damage in a variety of immune-mediated disorders. Dysfunction or a reduced frequency of Tregs have been associated with different human autoimmune disorders. We here analyzed the functional relevance of Tregs in determining disease manifestation and severity in murine models of autoimmune neuropathies. We took advantage of the DEREG mouse system allowing depletion of Treg with high specificity as well as anti-CD25 directed antibodies to deplete Tregs in mice in actively induced experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN). Furthermore antibody-depletion was performed in an adoptive transfer model of chronic neuritis. Early Treg depletion increased clinical EAN severity both in active and adoptive transfer chronic neuritis. This was accompanied by increased proliferation of myelin specific T cells and histological signs of peripheral nerve inflammation. Late stage Treg depletion after initial disease manifestation however did not exacerbate inflammatory neuropathy symptoms further. We conclude that Tregs determine disease severity in experimental autoimmune neuropathies during the initial priming phase, but have no major disease modifying function after disease manifestation. Potential future therapeutic approaches targeting Tregs should thus be performed early in inflammatory neuropathies.
Background: Persistent pain after inguinal herniorrhaphy is a disabling condition with a lack of evidence-based pharmacological treatment options. This randomized placebo-controlled trial investigated the efficacy of a capsaicin 8% cutaneous patch in the treatment of severe persistent inguinal postherniorrhaphy pain. Methods: Forty-six patients with persistent inguinal postherniorrhaphy pain were randomized to receive either a capsaicin 8% patch or a placebo patch. Pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale [NRS 0-10]) was evaluated under standardized conditions (at rest, during movement, and during pressure) at baseline and at 1, 2 and 3 months after patch application. Skin punch biopsies for intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) measurements were taken at baseline and 1 month after patch application. Quantitative sensory testing was performed at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 months after patch application. The primary outcome was comparisons of summed pain intensity differences (SPIDs) between capsaicin and placebo treatments at 1, 2 and 3 months after patch application (significance level P<0.01). Results: The maximum difference in SPID, between capsaicin and placebo treatments, was observed at 1 month after patch application, but the pain reduction was not significant (NRS, mean difference [95% CI]: 5.0 [0.09 to 9.9]; P=0.046). No differences in SPID between treatments were observed at 2 and 3 months after patch application. Changes in IENFD on the pain side, from baseline to 1 month after patch application, did not differ between capsaicin and placebo treatment: 1.9 [-0.1 to 3.9] and 0.6 [-1.2 to 2.5] fibers/mm, respectively (P=0.32). No significant changes in sensory function, sleep quality or psychological factors were associated with capsaicin patch treatment. Conclusions: The study did not demonstrate significant differences in pain relief between capsaicin and placebo treatment, although a trend toward pain improvement in capsaicin treated patients was observed 1 month after patch application.
Myelin formation during peripheral nervous system (PNS) development, and reformation after injury and in disease, requires multiple intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Akt/mTOR signaling has emerged as a major player involved, but the molecular mechanisms and downstream effectors are virtually unknown. Here, we have used Schwann-cell-specific conditional gene ablation of raptor and rictor, which encode essential components of the mTOR complexes 1 (mTORC1) and 2 (mTORC2), respectively, to demonstrate that mTORC1 controls PNS myelination during development. In this process, mTORC1 regulates lipid biosynthesis via sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs). This course of action is mediated by the nuclear receptor RXRg, which transcriptionally regulates SREBP1c downstream of mTORC1. Absence of mTORC1 causes delayed myelination initiation as well as hypomyelination, together with abnormal lipid composition and decreased nerve conduction velocity. Thus, we have identified the mTORC1-RXR gamma-SREBP axis controlling lipid biosynthesis as a major contributor to proper peripheral nerve function.
Background: Patients presenting with bilateral trigeminal hypoesthesia may go on to have trigeminal isolated sensory neuropathy, a benign, purely trigeminal neuropathy, or facial-onset sensory motor neuronopathy (FOSMN), a malignant life-threatening condition. No diagnostic criteria can yet differentiate the two conditions at their onset. Nor is it clear whether the two diseases are distinct entities or share common pathophysiological mechanisms.
Methods: Seeking pathophysiological and diagnostic information to distinguish these two conditions at their onset, in this neurophysiological and morphometric study we neurophysiologically assessed function in myelinated and unmyelinated fibres and histologically examined supraorbital nerve biopsy specimens with optic and electron microscopy in 13 consecutive patients with recent onset trigeminal hypoesthesia and pain.
Results: The disease course distinctly differed in the 13 patients. During a mean 10 year follow-up whereas in eight patients the disease remained relatively stable, in the other five it progressed to possibly life-threatening motor disturbances and extra-trigeminal spread. From two to six years elapsed between the first sensory symptoms and the onset of motor disorders. In patients with trigeminal isolated sensory neuropathy (TISN) and in those with FOSMN neurophysiological and histological examination documented a neuronopathy manifesting with trigeminal nerve damage selectively affecting myelinated fibres, but sparing the Ia-fibre-mediated proprioceptive reflex.
Conclusions: Although no clinical diagnostic criteria can distinguish the two conditions at onset, neurophysiological and nerve-biopsy findings specify that in both disorders trigeminal nerve damage manifests as a dissociated neuronopathy affecting myelinated and sparing unmyelinated fibres, thus suggesting similar pathophysiological mechanisms.
Natalizumab ist ein humanisierter monoklonaler Antikörper gegen das Oberflächenadhäsionsmolekül Integrin α-4, der zur Therapie von schweren Verlaufsformen der Multiplen Sklerose (MS) zugelassen ist. Integrin α-4/β-1 wird durch Leukozyten exprimiert und steuert deren Extravasation über die Bindung an VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) auf Endothelzellen. Natalizumab wirkt über eine Blockade der Leukozytenadhäsion. In einigen Publikationen konnte darüber hinaus gezeigt werden, dass Integrin α-4 auch auf zerebralen Endothelzellen von Mäusen und Ratten exprimiert wird. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Expression und Funktion von Integrin α-4 in kultivierten primären humanen zerebralen Endothelzellen untersucht.
Die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit an verschiedenen Einzelspenderpräparationen durchgeführten FACS-Analysen zeigten, dass Integrin α-4 in unterschiedlicher Ausprägung auf primären zerebralen Endothelzellisolationen nachzuweisen war. Mit Hilfe immunzytochemischer Färbungen konnte ein spezifisches Verteilungsmuster des Integrin α-4 in Form eines feinen, granulären Musters im Bereich des Zellleibes dokumentiert werden.
In Adhäsionsversuchen zeigten Integrin α-4-exprimierende Endothelzellen nach Zugabe von Natalizumab in niedriger Konzentration eine verminderte Fähigkeit zur Haftung an Fibronectin, einem Bindungspartner in der extrazellulären Matrix. In hohen Konzentrationen dominierte im eingesetzten experimentellen System ein unspezifischer Blockadeeffekt, der auch mit Kontrollantikörpern zu beobachten war.
In MS-Läsionen findet sich auch die lösliche Form des VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1), die möglicherweise mit endothelialem Integrin α-4 interagiert. Daher wurde mit Hilfe von Western-Blot-Untersuchungen die intrazelluläre Signaltransduktion unter Stimulation mit sVCAM-1 untersucht. Es zeigte sich wie in anderen Endothelarten vorbeschrieben eine Aktivierung des p38-MAP-Kinase-Signalweges.
Zusammenfassend wurde demonstriert, dass primäre humane zerebrale Endothelzellen Integrin α-4 exprimieren und dass dieses wahrscheinlich nicht nur für die mechanische Verankerung in der Extrazellulärmatrix eine Bedeutung besitzt, sondern auch als Induktor intrazellulärer Signaltransduktion fungiert, welche die Schrankeneigenschaften zerebraler Endothelzellen beeinflussen könnte.
Background
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the painful complication of a varicella zoster virus reactivation. We investigated the systemic and local gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in patients with PHN.
Methods
Thirteen patients with PHN at the torso (Th4-S1) were recruited. Skin punch biopsies were obtained from the painful and the contralateral painless body area for intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) and cytokine profiling. Additionally, blood was withdrawn for systemic cytokine expression and compared to blood values of healthy controls. We analyzed the gene expression of selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF] and interleukins [IL]-1β, IL-2, and IL-8).
Results
IENFD was lower in affected skin compared to unaffected skin (p<0.05), while local gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines did not differ except for two patients who had 7fold higher IL-6 and 10fold higher IL-10 gene expression in the affected skin compared to the contralateral unaffected skin sample. Also, the systemic expression of cytokines in patients with PHN and in healthy controls was similar.
Conclusion
While the systemic and local expression of the investigated pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was not different from controls, this may have been influenced by study limitations like the low number of patients and different disease durations. Furthermore, other cytokines or pain mediators need to be considered.