Förderzeitraum 2018
Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (127)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (127)
Document Type
- Journal article (127)
Language
- English (127)
Keywords
- ADHD (4)
- obesity (4)
- Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie (3)
- inflammation (3)
- physical activity (3)
- psychology (3)
- Drosophila melanogaster (2)
- Neisseria meningitidis (2)
- PET (2)
- RNA-seq (2)
- T cells (2)
- apoptosis (2)
- biokinetics (2)
- biological models (2)
- breast cancer (2)
- cardiac surgery (2)
- chemokines (2)
- classification (2)
- dosimetry (2)
- honeybee (2)
- load management (2)
- mRNA (2)
- machine learning (2)
- mouse model (2)
- muscle degeneration (2)
- optogenetics (2)
- pathogens (2)
- periprosthetic infection (2)
- stroke (2)
- two-stage exchange (2)
- 11C-HED (1)
- 11C-Hydroxyephedrine (1)
- 16S metabarcoding (1)
- 18F-LMI1195 (1)
- 3D modeling (1)
- 53BP1 (1)
- AKI (1)
- APC (1)
- Adipositas (1)
- Ahmed (1)
- Alemtuzumab (1)
- Alzheimer’s disease (1)
- American foulbrood (1)
- Apis mellifera (1)
- Aspergillus fumigatus (1)
- B cells (1)
- BRAF (1)
- Baerveldt (1)
- C5aR1 (1)
- CAGSSS (1)
- CCL4 (1)
- CD28 costimulation (1)
- CD4\(^{+}\) T helper cells (1)
- CD52 (1)
- CNG channel (1)
- CNS (1)
- COMT (1)
- Caenorhabditis elegans (1)
- Coffin-Lowry syndrome (1)
- Concealed Information Test (1)
- Copal\(^®\) spacem (1)
- DFNB68 (1)
- DFT-LDA (1)
- DNA Breaks (1)
- DNA damage (1)
- DNA transcription (1)
- DecaWave (1)
- Dmrt1bY (1)
- Drosophila melanogaster motoneuron (1)
- Drosophila model (1)
- EAE (1)
- ECG (1)
- Egypt (1)
- Epichloë (1)
- European foulbrood (1)
- F-actin (1)
- Fagus sylvatica (1)
- German healthcare system (1)
- Guinier-Preston zones (1)
- Hfq (1)
- IARS2 (1)
- IoT (1)
- KDIGO (1)
- Kirchhoff's law (1)
- Latimeria menadoensis (1)
- Lolium perenne (1)
- MIP-1β (1)
- MRI (1)
- MS (1)
- Malvaviscus arboreus (1)
- Medicago truncatula (1)
- NAFLD (1)
- NASH (1)
- NK cells (1)
- Omega-3-Fettsäuren (1)
- OncotypeDX\(^{®}\) (1)
- PABPs (1)
- PAI-1 (1)
- PALS (1)
- PEST (1)
- PKCζ, (1)
- PMMA bone cement (1)
- PRRT (1)
- Paenibacterin (1)
- ProQ (1)
- Protopterus annectens (1)
- RCT (1)
- RGB-D (1)
- RNase E (1)
- RSK2 (1)
- Ra-224 (1)
- Rhodobacter sphaeroides (1)
- S1PR2 (1)
- SLC2A3 (1)
- SNP-microarray (1)
- SWOT (1)
- Sox5 (1)
- Synovial Fluid Aspiration (1)
- T helper 1 cells (1)
- T-lymphocytes (1)
- T. brucei (1)
- TK6 cells (1)
- TRDV2 (1)
- TRGV9 (1)
- Trypanosoma (1)
- UAV (1)
- UV/Vis spectroscopy (1)
- UWB (1)
- Ureaplasma species (1)
- V800 (1)
- Vγ9Vδ2 (1)
- Xenopus laevis oocytes (1)
- ZDF rats (1)
- Zika virus (1)
- \(^{177}\)Lu-OPS201 (1)
- \(^{18}\)F-FDG (1)
- \(^{18}\)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (1)
- \(^{99m}\)Tc-MAG3 (1)
- ab initio calculations (1)
- abdominal surgery (1)
- absorbed dose (1)
- absorbed dose to the blood (1)
- action potentials (1)
- activity rhythms (1)
- activity tracker (1)
- acute kidney injury (1)
- adaptive role (1)
- adolescents (1)
- adrenal insufficiency (1)
- aerobic fitness (1)
- ageing (1)
- alcohol (1)
- alpha particles (1)
- altruism (1)
- altruistic compensation (1)
- altruistic punishment (1)
- aluminum copper alloys (1)
- amino acid analysis (1)
- anaphylatoxins (1)
- aneurysm (1)
- anger (1)
- animal behaviour (1)
- anti-microbial activit (1)
- anticoagulants (1)
- antigenic recall (1)
- antioxidants (1)
- anuria (1)
- arterial hypotension (1)
- aspergillosis (1)
- athletes (1)
- atrial fibrillation (1)
- attention bias (1)
- attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (1)
- atypical chemokine receptor 3 (1)
- autosomal recessive non-synstromic hearing loss (1)
- axonal degeneration (1)
- bPAC (1)
- bacteria (1)
- bacterial genomics (1)
- bacterial pathogen (1)
- bacterial transcription (1)
- bariatric surgery (1)
- bee disease (1)
- beech forests (1)
- bees (1)
- behavior (1)
- behavioral conditioning (1)
- behavioral transition (1)
- behaviour therapy (1)
- bile (1)
- bioassays (1)
- biodegradable implant (1)
- biodiversity (1)
- biodiversity estimation (1)
- biofeedback (1)
- biological dosimetry (1)
- biomedical materials (1)
- bird diversity (1)
- black woodpecker (1)
- bladder (1)
- blood (1)
- body composition (1)
- bone morphogenetic protein (1)
- brain stimulation (1)
- butyrophilin 3 (1)
- cAMP (1)
- caffeine (1)
- calcium (1)
- cancer (1)
- cancer risk (1)
- capecitabine (1)
- carabid beetles (1)
- cardiac device therapy (1)
- cardiac sympathetic nervous system (1)
- cardiopulmonary bypass (1)
- careers (1)
- carmine (1)
- cataracts (1)
- catheterization (1)
- catheters (1)
- ceftriaxone (1)
- cell membranes (1)
- cell wall synthesis (1)
- cellular stress responses (1)
- cellular waveform (1)
- ceramides (1)
- chemical ecology (1)
- chemotherapy (1)
- children/adults (1)
- chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1)
- chlamyopsin (1)
- chromatin (1)
- cicatricial pemphigoid (1)
- cirrhosis (1)
- coaptation line (1)
- coevolution (1)
- cognition (1)
- cognitive balance (1)
- cognitive dissonance (1)
- collagen-glycosaminoglycane matrix (CGM) (1)
- colon cancer (1)
- coloration (1)
- comparison (1)
- complement system (1)
- compressive strength (1)
- concealed information test (1)
- conditioned response (1)
- conjunctival defect (1)
- conjunctival hole (1)
- conjunctival repair (1)
- copy number variation (1)
- crop diversity (1)
- cross-talk (1)
- cryptochrome (1)
- crystal structure (1)
- cylic GMP (1)
- cytokine secretion (1)
- cytotoxic T cells (1)
- data mining (1)
- deception (1)
- delayed cerebral infarction (1)
- depolarization (1)
- diabetes (1)
- diabetes mellitus (1)
- diabetic cardiomyopathy (1)
- diagnosis (1)
- diet (1)
- dietary approaches to stop hypertension (1)
- differentiation (1)
- direct anterior approach (1)
- dispersal (1)
- distal radio-ulnar joint (1)
- distance measurement (1)
- dogs (1)
- dorsal instrumentation (1)
- double-stranded (1)
- drainage tube (1)
- drug regulation (1)
- drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (1)
- dry lung syndrome (1)
- dynamic (1)
- eHealth (1)
- ecosystem services (1)
- electrical and electronic engineering (1)
- electrometer (1)
- elution (1)
- emotion regulation (1)
- endometriosis (1)
- endophytic fungi (1)
- endovascular repair (1)
- epidural block (1)
- episcleral drainage device (1)
- evaluation (1)
- evolution (1)
- exaptation (1)
- expression (1)
- extended Kalman filter (1)
- extremity trauma (1)
- eye tracking (1)
- failure (1)
- fear conditioning (1)
- feral honey bees (1)
- fibroblast growth factor (1)
- field testing (1)
- fitness (1)
- flagellate (1)
- flame test (1)
- flupyradifurone (1)
- foliar fungal community (1)
- foraging (1)
- forensic sample (1)
- fracture (1)
- fracture-associated vascular damage (1)
- free energy (1)
- functional regurgitation (1)
- functional training (1)
- fungus-plant interaction (1)
- gametogenesis (1)
- gamma rays (1)
- gender gap (1)
- gene expression (1)
- genome annotation (1)
- genotyping arrays (1)
- glaucoma drainage device (1)
- glioblastoma multiforme (1)
- glucose (1)
- glucose transporter (1)
- ground dwelling predators (1)
- groundwater (1)
- group change (1)
- growth hormone deficiency (1)
- growth pattern (1)
- guanylyl cyclase-A (1)
- gut–liver axis (1)
- haematopoietic stem cells (1)
- halothane (1)
- health promotion (1)
- healthy volunteers (1)
- heart failure (1)
- helminths (1)
- heme oxygenase-1 (1)
- hemolysis (1)
- hemorrhagic stroke (1)
- hepatitis C virus (1)
- hereditary hearing loss (1)
- high performance liquid chromatography (1)
- high-intensity interval training (1)
- hip (1)
- histones (1)
- history (1)
- hollow tree (1)
- honey bees (1)
- hub genes (1)
- human (1)
- human behaviour (1)
- human body weight (1)
- human brain microvascular endothelial cells (1)
- human learning (1)
- humans (1)
- hybrid pacemaker (1)
- hypertension (1)
- identity integration (1)
- illumina (1)
- image processing (1)
- immune cells (1)
- immune evasion (1)
- in vitro contracture test (1)
- inactivity (1)
- individualised modular treatment programme (1)
- individualized training (1)
- induced pluripotent stem cells (1)
- infection (1)
- infinium HumanOmni1-Quad (1)
- information technology (1)
- injury prevention (1)
- inmates (1)
- insect vision (1)
- insulin (1)
- insulin receptor (1)
- insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (1)
- integrated optics (1)
- inter-rater reliability (1)
- intergroup bias (1)
- internet of things (1)
- intervention (1)
- intestine (1)
- invasive disease (1)
- inventory (1)
- inverse parameterization (1)
- ionizing radiation (1)
- ischemia-reperfusion injury (1)
- ischemic (1)
- ischemic stroke (1)
- joint aspiration (1)
- ketogenic diet (1)
- ketone bodies (1)
- kinect (1)
- knee (1)
- knee arthroplasty (1)
- laminin 332 (1)
- land use (1)
- landscape heterogeneity (1)
- laparoscopic right colectomy (1)
- leaf width (1)
- leaflet (1)
- learning (1)
- leukocytes (1)
- level of evidence: IV (1)
- levosimendan (1)
- lifetime spectroscopy (1)
- lipochitinoligosaccharides (1)
- liponeurocytoma (1)
- liver diseases (1)
- low-cost spectrometer (1)
- lying (1)
- lymph nodes (1)
- mHealth (1)
- magnesium (1)
- major depression (1)
- malignant hyperthermia (1)
- mass casualties (1)
- master sex-determining gene (1)
- medaka (1)
- medicinal plants (1)
- medicine (1)
- medicine authentication tools (1)
- medulloblastoma (1)
- melanoma (1)
- membrane potential (1)
- membrane proteins (1)
- meningitis (1)
- mental disorders (1)
- metabolic profile (1)
- metabolomics (1)
- micro-ionization chambers (1)
- microbot (1)
- microdialysis (1)
- microenvironment (1)
- micronuclei (1)
- microswimmer (1)
- minimal invasive surgery (1)
- minimally invasive (1)
- mitochondria (1)
- mitral valve (1)
- mixed hearing loss (1)
- mobile apps (1)
- module (1)
- molecular biology (1)
- molecular docking (1)
- molecular dynamics (1)
- molecular signature (1)
- mood induction (1)
- mouse (1)
- mucous membrane pemphigoid (1)
- multigene-array (1)
- multiplicity of infection (1)
- muscle (1)
- mycobacteria (1)
- myocardial sympathetic innervation imaging (1)
- nanowires (1)
- natriuretic peptides (1)
- navigation (1)
- neonatal renal failure (1)
- neural circuits (1)
- neural stem cells (1)
- neurocytoma (1)
- neuroendocrine tumor (1)
- neuroendocrine tumors (1)
- neuroinflammation (1)
- neuronal dysfunction (1)
- neuroprotection (1)
- neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (1)
- neutrophils (1)
- nine-banded armadillo (1)
- non-responder (1)
- noncoding RNA (1)
- nuclear envelope (1)
- nuclear export (1)
- nutrients (1)
- objective assessment (1)
- oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (1)
- olfaction (1)
- oligohydramnios sequence (1)
- ologen implant (1)
- omega-3 fatty acids (1)
- optimal control problem (1)
- oral anticancer drugs (1)
- ovary (1)
- parasite (1)
- pathogen vector (1)
- patient-doctor-relationship (1)
- pediatric patients (1)
- peer review (1)
- pelvic trauma (1)
- penumbra (1)
- peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (1)
- perception (1)
- periodization (1)
- peripheral nervous system (1)
- personalized treatment (1)
- pesticide (1)
- phaeochromocytoma (1)
- pharmacology (1)
- phenols (1)
- photoreceptor (1)
- phototransduction (1)
- phototrophic growth (1)
- phylogenomics (1)
- phytochemicals (1)
- pigment pattern (1)
- pigs (1)
- pilot-point-approach (1)
- placental mammals (1)
- plasmonics (1)
- polarity (1)
- policy (1)
- politics (1)
- polity (1)
- pollen (1)
- pose estimation (1)
- positron (1)
- positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (1)
- positron emission tomography (1)
- posttranscriptional control (1)
- potassium (1)
- potter sequence (1)
- power training (1)
- precipitates (1)
- precision medicine (1)
- prejudice (1)
- preterm (1)
- proliferation (1)
- prospective study (1)
- protein and mRNA expression (1)
- proteins (1)
- proteolipid protein (1)
- psychologists (1)
- psychometrics (1)
- pulse simulation (1)
- quality assurance (1)
- quality evaluation (1)
- quality indicators (1)
- quantitative analysis (1)
- radiation effects (1)
- radiotherapy (1)
- radium (1)
- rat hippocampal neurons (1)
- reaction time (1)
- reaction times (1)
- recategorization (1)
- rectum (1)
- recurrence (1)
- regenerative medicine (1)
- regression analysis (1)
- relative dosimetry (1)
- renal tubular dysgenesis (1)
- rescue mission (1)
- respiratory distress (1)
- revision (1)
- risk assessment (1)
- rotator cuff (1)
- sampling method (1)
- scapula (1)
- scatter radiation (1)
- scientists (1)
- seahorse (1)
- sedentary lifestyle (1)
- segmentation (1)
- senescence (1)
- sensitivity analysis (1)
- sensor fusion (1)
- sensorineural hearing loss (1)
- sensory cues (1)
- sensory neuropathy (1)
- sepsis (1)
- sex chromosomes (1)
- sex differentiation (1)
- sexual conflict (1)
- sexually antagonistic genes (1)
- signal integration (1)
- signal processing (1)
- signal transduction (1)
- simulation (1)
- skeletal dysplasia (1)
- skeletal muscle (1)
- skin conduction response (1)
- smartwatch (1)
- social bees (1)
- social identification (1)
- somatostatin receptor (1)
- spacer (1)
- species richness (1)
- spectral sensitivity (1)
- spectroscopy (1)
- spiders (1)
- spine trauma (1)
- staphylinid beetles (1)
- steady-state dendritic cells (1)
- stereotactic irradiation (1)
- storage vesicle turnover (1)
- streptozotocin (1)
- structure-activity relationship (1)
- students (1)
- subarachnoid hemorrhage (1)
- substandard and falsified medicines (1)
- supervisors (1)
- support vector machines (1)
- surgical and invasive medical procedures (1)
- surgical trauma room (1)
- sustainability (1)
- swarming (1)
- sweat osmolality (1)
- sweat secretion rate (1)
- symbiosis (1)
- sympathetic nervous system (1)
- synaptic vesicles (1)
- tDCS (1)
- taste (1)
- teleost fish (1)
- telephone-assisted self-help (1)
- tenting (1)
- teriflunomide (1)
- terror attack (1)
- testis (1)
- the microtubule-organizing center (1)
- theranostics (1)
- therapeutic approach (1)
- therapy (1)
- thermal camera (1)
- thermal stresses (1)
- thermoregulation (1)
- three-dimensional echocardiography (1)
- tikhonov regularization (1)
- tissue engineering (1)
- tolerogenic dendritic cells (1)
- total hip arthroplasty (1)
- toxicology (1)
- track and trace (1)
- training curriculum (1)
- transcriptional profiling (1)
- transcriptional rewiring (1)
- transcriptional termination (1)
- transcriptomics (1)
- transgluteal approach (1)
- translational research (1)
- tree cavity (1)
- trypanobot (1)
- trypanosoma (1)
- trypanosomes (1)
- tsetse (1)
- tumor (1)
- two-component system (1)
- type II esophageal achalasia (1)
- uPA (1)
- ulnar-shortening osteotomy (1)
- ultrasound strain elastography (1)
- urinary tract infections (1)
- vasopressin (1)
- ventromedial prefrontal cortex (1)
- virtual isocenter (1)
- virtual reality (1)
- viruses (1)
- visual pigments (1)
- vitamin D (1)
- volvox carteri (1)
- wearable (1)
- web-based apps (1)
- weighted gene co-expression network (1)
- whole exome sequencing (1)
- whole-blood model (1)
- wild honey bees (1)
- work capacity evaluation (1)
- workplace (1)
- xenobiotic metabolism (1)
- α-emitter (1)
- β-Hydroxybutyrate (1)
- β-cells (1)
- γ-H2AX (1)
Institute
- Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften (29)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin (8)
- Institut für Psychologie (7)
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften (6)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik I) (6)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfall-, Hand-, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik II) (6)
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II (6)
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (6)
- Institut für Sportwissenschaft (5)
- Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie (5)
Sonstige beteiligte Institutionen
Background:
Recurrent airway infections are common in patients with Down's syndrome (DS). Hence, ruling out Cystic Fibrosis (CF) in these patients is often required. In the past, the value of sweat testing the gold standard to diagnose CF -has been questioned in DS as false positive results have been reported. However, these reports are based on measurements of sweat osmolality or sodium concentrations, not chloride concentrations. This study analyses sweat secretion rate and chloride concentration in sweat samples of patients with DS in comparison to healthy controls.
Methods:
We assessed sweat samples in 16 patients with DS and 16 healthy controls regarding sweat secretion rate (SSR) and sweat chloride concentration.
Results:
All measured chloride concentrations were within the normal range. The chloride concentrations were slightly, but not significantly lower in patients with DS (15,54 mmol/l (±4,47)) compared to healthy controls (18,31 mmol/l (±10,12)). While no gender gap in chloride concentration could be found, chloride concentration increased with age in both groups.
Insufficient sweat was collected in 2 females with DS (12.5% of the study group) but not in an individual of the control group. A significant lower sweat secretion rate was found in the DS group (27,6 μl/30 min (± 12,18)) compared to the control group (42,7 μl/30 min (± 21,22)). In a sub-analysis, female patients produced significantly less sweat (20,8 ± 10,6 μl/30 min) than male patients with DS (36,4 ± 7,8 μl/30 min), which accounts for the difference between patients and controls. Furthermore, while the sweating secretion rate increased with age in the control group, it did not do so in the DS group. Once again this was due to female patients with DS, who did not show a significant increase of sweat secretion rate with age.
Conclusions:
Sweat chloride concentrations were within the normal range in patients with DS and therefore seem to be a reliable tool for testing for CF in these patients. Interestingly, we found a reduced sweat secretion rate in the DS group. Whether the last one has a functional and clinical counterpart, possibly due to a disturbed thermoregulation in DS patients, requires further investigation.
Volatile anesthetic-induced preconditioning ( APC) has shown to have cardiac and cerebral protective properties in both pre-clinical models and clinical trials. Interestingly, accumulating evidences demonstrate that, except from some specific characters, the underlying molecular mechanisms of APC-induced protective effects in myocytes and neurons are very similar; they share several major intracellular signaling pathways, including mediating mitochondrial function, release of inflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis. Among all the experimental results, cortical spreading depolarization is a relative newly discovered cellular mechanism of APC, which, however, just exists in central nervous system. Applying volatile anesthetic preconditioning to clinical practice seems to be a promising cardio- and neuroprotective strategy. In this review, we also summarized and discussed the results of recent clinical research of APC. Despite all the positive experimental evidences, large-scale, long-term, more precisely controlled clinical trials focusing on the perioperative use of volatile anesthetics for organ protection are still needed.
More than 25 years after the first peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), the concept of somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-directed imaging and therapy for neuroendocrine tumors (NET) is seeing rapidly increasing use. To maximize the full potential of its theranostic promise, efforts in recent years have expanded recommendations in current guidelines and included the evaluation of novel theranostic radiotracers for imaging and treatment of NET. Moreover, the introduction of standardized reporting framework systems may harmonize PET reading, address pitfalls in interpreting SSTR-PET/CT scans and guide the treating physician in selecting PRRT candidates. Notably, the concept of PRRT has also been applied beyond oncology, e.g. for treatment of inflammatory conditions like sarcoidosis. Future perspectives may include the efficacy evaluation of PRRT compared to other common treatment options for NET, novel strategies for closer monitoring of potential side effects, the introduction of novel radiotracers with beneficial pharmacodynamic and kinetic properties or the use of supervised machine learning approaches for outcome prediction. This article reviews how the SSTR-directed theranostic concept is currently applied and also reflects on recent developments that hold promise for the future of theranostics in this context.
In diabetic cardiomyopathy, left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction is one of the earliest signs of cardiac involvement prior to the definitive development of heart failure (HF). We aimed to explore the LV diastolic function using electrocardiography (ECG)-gated \(^{18}\)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (\(^{18}\)F-FDG PET) imaging beyond the assessment of cardiac glucose utilization in a diabetic rat model. ECG-gated \(^{18}\)F-FDG PET imaging was performed in a rat model of type 2 diabetes (ZDF fa/fa) and ZL control rats at age of 13 weeks (n=6, respectively). Under hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp to enhance cardiac activity, \(^{18}\)F-FDG was administered and subsequently, list-mode imaging using a dedicated small animal PET system with ECG signal recording was performed. List-mode data were sorted and reconstructed into tomographic images of 16 frames per cardiac cycle. Left ventricular functional parameters (systolic: LV ejection fraction (EF), heart rate (HR) vs. diastolic: peak filling rate (PFR)) were obtained using an automatic ventricular edge detection software. No significant difference in systolic function could be obtained (ZL controls vs. ZDF rats: LVEF, 62.5±4.2 vs. 59.4±4.5%; HR: 331±35 vs. 309±24 bpm; n.s., respectively). On the contrary, ECG-gated PET imaging showed a mild but significant decrease of PFR in the diabetic rats (ZL controls vs. ZDF rats: 12.1±0.8 vs. 10.2±1 Enddiastolic Volume/sec, P<0.01). Investigating a diabetic rat model, ECG-gated \(^{18}\)F-FDG PET imaging detected LV diastolic dysfunction while systolic function was still preserved. This might open avenues for an early detection of HF onset in high-risk type 2 diabetes before cardiac symptoms become apparent.
Background: \(^{18}\)F-N-[3-bromo-4-(3-fluoro-propoxy)-benzyl]-guanidine (\(^{18}\)F-LMI1195) is a new class of PET tracer designed for sympathetic nervous imaging of the heart. The favorable image quality with high and specific neural uptake has been previously demonstrated in animals and humans, but intracellular behavior is not yet fully understood. The aim of the present study is to verify whether it is taken up in storage vesicles and released in company with vesicle turnover.
Results: Both vesicle-rich (PC12) and vesicle-poor (SK-N-SH) norepinephrine-expressing cell lines were used for in vitro tracer uptake studies. After 2 h of \(^{18}\)F-LMI1195 preloading into both cell lines, effects of stimulants for storage vesicle turnover (high concentration KCl (100 mM) or reserpine treatment) were measured at 10, 20, and 30 min. \(^{131}\)I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (\(^{131}\)I-MIBG) served as a reference. Both high concentration KCl and reserpine enhanced \(^{18}\)F-LMI1195 washout from PC12 cells, while tracer retention remained stable in the SK-N-SH cells. After 30 min of treatment, 18F-LMI1195 releasing index (percentage of tracer released from cells) from vesicle-rich PC12 cells achieved significant differences compared to cells without treatment condition. In contrast, such effect could not be observed using vesicle-poor SK-N-SH cell lines. Similar tracer kinetics after KCl or reserpine treatment were also observed using 131I-MIBG. In case of KCl exposure, Ca\(^{2+}\)-free buffer with the calcium chelator, ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA), could suppress the tracer washout from PC12 cells. This finding is consistent with the tracer release being mediated by Ca\(^{2+}\) influx resulting from membrane depolarization.
Conclusions: Analogous to \(^{131}\)I-MIBG, the current in vitro tracer uptake study confirmed that \(^{131}\)F-LMI1195 is also stored in vesicles in PC12 cells and released along with vesicle turnover. Understanding the basic kinetics of \(^{18}\)FLMI1195 at a subcellular level is important for the design of clinical imaging protocols and imaging interpretation.
We aimed to explore the impact of ageing on 11C-Hydroxyephedrine (11C-HED) uptake in the healthy rat heart in a longitudinal setting. To investigate a potential cold mass effect, the influence of specific activity on cardiac 11C-HED uptake was evaluated: 11C-HED was synthesized by N-methylation of (−)-metaraminol as the free base (radiochemical purity >95%) and a wide range of specific activities (0.2–141.9 GBq/μmol) were prepared. \(^{11}\)C-HED (48.7±9.7MBq, ranged 0.2–60.4μg/kg cold mass) was injected in healthy Wistar Rats. Dynamic 23-frame PET images were obtained over 30 min. Time activity curves were generated for the blood input function and myocardial tissue. Cardiac 11C-HED retention index (%/min) was calculated as myocardial tissue activity at 20-30 min divided by the integral of the blood activity curves. Additionally, the impact of ageing on myocardial 11CHED uptake was investigated longitudinally by PET studies at different ages of healthy Wistar Rats. A dose-dependent reduction of cardiac 11C-HED uptake was observed: The estimated retention index as a marker of norepinephrine function decreased at a lower specific activity (higher amount of cold mass). This observed high affinity of 11C-HED to the neural norepinephrine transporter triggered a subsequent study: In a longitudinal setting, the 11C-HED retention index decreased with increasing age. An age-related decline of cardiac sympathetic innervation could be demonstrated. The herein observed cold mass effect might increase in succeeding scans and therefore, 11C-HED microPET studies should be planned with extreme caution if one single radiosynthesis is scheduled for multiple animals.
Obese children and adolescents are at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases later in life. We hypothesized that cardiovascular prophylaxis with omega-3 fatty acids could benefit them. In our study, 20 children and adolescents (mean body mass index percentile: 99.1; mean age: 11.0 years) underwent two ambulatory 24 h Holter electrocardiography (ECG) recordings (before and after at least 3 months of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation). Time domain heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR) were examined for these patients. As a control, we used 24 h Holter ECG recordings of 94 nonobese children and adolescents. Time domain HRV parameters, which are indicators of vagal stimulation, were significantly lower in obese patients than in healthy controls, but HR was higher (standard deviation of the normal-to-normal [SDNN] interbeat intervals: −34.02%; root mean square of successive differences [RMSSD] between normal heartbeats: −40.66%; percentage of consecutive RR intervals [pNN50]: −60.24%; HR: +13.37%). After omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, time domain HRV parameters and HR of obese patients were similar to the values of healthy controls (SDNN interbeat intervals: −21.73%; RMSSD: −19.56%; pNN50: −25.59%; HR: +3.94%). Therefore, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation may be used for cardiovascular prophylaxis in obese children and adolescents.